EP0132376B1 - Faserige Strukturen - Google Patents

Faserige Strukturen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0132376B1
EP0132376B1 EP84304891A EP84304891A EP0132376B1 EP 0132376 B1 EP0132376 B1 EP 0132376B1 EP 84304891 A EP84304891 A EP 84304891A EP 84304891 A EP84304891 A EP 84304891A EP 0132376 B1 EP0132376 B1 EP 0132376B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filaments
polymeric composition
composition
portions
fibrous structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84304891A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0132376A3 (en
EP0132376A2 (de
Inventor
Anthony Colin Fisher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Liverpool
Ethicon Inc
Original Assignee
University of Liverpool
Ethicon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University of Liverpool, Ethicon Inc filed Critical University of Liverpool
Priority to AT84304891T priority Critical patent/ATE40424T1/de
Publication of EP0132376A2 publication Critical patent/EP0132376A2/de
Publication of EP0132376A3 publication Critical patent/EP0132376A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0132376B1 publication Critical patent/EP0132376B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fibrous structures, for example fibrous mats or fibrous tubular structures. More particularly but not exclusively, the invention relates to fibrous synthetic vascular grafts.
  • different polymeric composition is intended to cover a variation of the composition of the filaments where the polymer itself does not change across the structure but, for example, an additive is present in the composition at one side of the structure but not present at the opposite side of the structure.
  • the structure may comprise a transition area between the sides of the structure, and the portions of the filaments in the transition area may have a polymeric composition comprising a mixture of the first and second polymeric compositions.
  • the polymeric composition of the filaments may vary progressively between the two sides of the structure, and the composition of the portions of the filaments in the transition area adjacent the one side of the structure may contain a large proportion of the first polymeric composition and the portions of the filaments adjacent the opposite side of the structure may contain a large proportion of the second polymeric composition.
  • the composition of the filaments may change abruptly to provide distinct layers within the structure having different polymeric compositions. There may be more than two layers in the structure.
  • the structure may be in the form of a mat, or may be a tubular member.
  • the portions of the filaments at the inner surface of the tubular member are preferably of the first polymeric composition to provide compatibility with material with which the inner surface will come into contact, and the portions of the filaments at the outer surface of the tubular member are preferably of the second polymeric composition to provide desirable strength characteristics and other physical properties to the tubular member.
  • the tubular member may be cut to provide one or more segmental elements from the tubular wall. If the internal diameter of the tubular member is large enough, for example a few centimetres, the segmental element or elements will tend towards being planar, and may be used as pledgets.
  • the invention further provides a method of forming an integral fibrous structure according to the invention, which method comprises the steps of directing filaments of a first polymeric composition at a surface to start building up a fibrous structure of the first polymeric composition, and altering the composition of the filaments during production thereof such that the portions of the filaments at the side of the structure remote from the surface is of the second polymeric composition.
  • composition of the filaments may be changed abruptly or may be varied gradually across the structure.
  • Figure 1 shows diagrammatically apparatus for electrostatically spinning a synthetic vascular graft.
  • Polymer solution is ejected from capillary needles 10 towards an electrostatically charged mandrel 11 rotating at several thousand revolutions per minute, for example 5000 r.p.m.
  • the mandrel 11 is at a potential of -12kV with respect to the needles 10.
  • polymer solution leaves the needles 10 polymer filaments form and these filaments are attracted to the rotating electrostatically charged mandrel 11 to form a fibrous structure around the mandrel.
  • the structure is removed from the mandrel to provide a fibrous tube.
  • Mechanical properties of the tubular fibrous structure formed on the mandrel 11 can be controlled by variation of the speed of rotation of the mandrel, the type of polymer used and by altering, the potential of auxiliary electrodes 12.
  • the capillary needles 10 are supplied with polymer solution from a manifold 13, the manifold 13 being supplied by tubes 14and 15 meeting in a T connector 16. Both tubes 14 and 15 include a flexible coil 17 and 18 respectively.
  • the tube 14 has a valve 19 and the tube 15 has a valve 20 to enable the respective tubes to be closed. Control lines 21 and 22 control opening and closing of the valves 19 and 20.
  • the tube 14 is supplied from a first air-ram driven syringe 23 and the tube 15 is fed from a second air-ram driven syringe 24 and the apparatus enables polymer solution from either syringe 23 or syringe 24 to be ejected from the needles 10 towards the mandrel 11.
  • a purge line 25 including a closure valve 26 allows purging of the manifold 13.
  • the apparatus of Figure 1 allows formation of an integral, uninterrupted fibrous structure of continuous polymeric filaments around the surface of the mandrel 11, the portions of the filaments at the inside surface having a different polymeric composition from the portions of the filaments of the outside surface of the fibrous structure.
  • This can be advantageous when the tubular fibrous structures are used for, for example, synthetic vascular grafts.
  • different polymers have different haemocompatibilities and that different polymers have different strength characteristics.
  • one polyurethane has advantageous haemocompatibility but poor elastic properties, exhibiting high creep.
  • a second polyurethane having a higher Young's modulus has satisfactory strength properties but poor haemocompatibility.
  • the apparatus of Figure 1 allows production of a synthetic vascular graft having a thin inner lining of the first polyurethane on a wall of the second polyurethane, the graft, however, being formed of fibres spun continuously, with individual fibres changing composition between their ends to provide an integral, uninterrupted, fibrous structure.
  • polymers can be used in the electrostatic spinning process.
  • polyurethanes such as polyurethanes, polyamides and polyacrylonitrile, all of which can be spun from solution, and polytetrafluorethylene and polyesters which may be spun from dispersion.
  • Water soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyethylene oxide may be spun from aqueous solution.
  • the constraint on the fibrous structure and method of production according to the invention is that the two or more polymers used to vary the composition of the filaments during the spinning process must be either dispersible or alternatively soluble in the same solvent system.
  • the two or more polymers used to vary the composition of the filaments during the spinning process must be either dispersible or alternatively soluble in the same solvent system.
  • a silicone lubricant could be added to a polyurethane polymer and spun as the inner surface of a graft, the outer surface of the graft being the same polyurethane without the silicone lubricant. Such an example is included in the scope of the invention.
  • the advantage of the embodiments of grafts hereinbefore described are that the different layers can be optimised for particular properties, either in its morphology (e.g. porosity, pore shape, fibre size) or in its chemistry (e.g. type of polymer, presence of drug.
  • a drug such as heparin or prostacyclin may be included in the inner layer to improve the property with regard to contacting blood). If such layers are built up discontinuously, lines of weakness exist between the contiguous surfaces and delamination is likely to occur at quite low mechanical stresses.
  • the advantage of the method hereinbefore described is that it builds different layers into an integrally formed fibrous structure so that the successive wall components are merged in a well controlled way.
  • tubular fibrous structures for use as vascular grafts
  • the invention is equally applicable to planar fibrous structures such as mats and that such alternative structures would have wide applications.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Integrale faserige Struktur einer Vielzahl von kontinuierlichen polymeren Fasern, wobei einzelne Fasern sich von einer Seite bis zur entgegengesetzten Seite der Struktur erstrecken, die Teile der Fasern auf einer Seite der Struktur aus einer ersten polymeren Zusammensetzung und die Teile der Fasern auf der entgegengesetzten Seite der Struktur aus einer zweiten polymeren Zusammensetzung, die unterschiedlich zur ersten polymeren Zusammensetzung ist, gebildet werden.
2. Faserige Struktur nach Anspruch 1, umfassend einen Übergangsbereich zwischen den Seiten der Struktur, wobei die Teile der Fasern in dem Übergangsbereich eine polymere Zusammenzetzung aufweisen, die ein Gemisch der ersten und der zweiten polymeren Zusammensetzung ist.
3. Faserige Struktur nach Anspruch 2, in der die Zusammensetzung der Teile der Fasern in dem der einen Seite der Struktur benachbarten Übergangsbereich einen großen Anteil der ersten polymeren Zusammensetzung enthält und die Teile der Fasern in dem der entgegengesetzten Seite der Struktur benachbarten Übergangsbereich einen großen Anteil der zweiten polymeren Zusammensetzung enthalten.
4. Faserige Struktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, in der sich die polymere Zusammensetzung der Struktur zwischen den zwei Seiten der Struktur nach und nach ändert.
5. Faserige Struktur nach Anspruch 1, in der sich die Zusammensetzung der Fasern plötzlich ändert, um verschiedene Schichten in der Struktur mit unterschliedlichen polymeren Zusammensetzungen bereitzustellen.
6. Faserige Struktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, umfassend eine Vielzahl von Änderungen in der polymeren Zusammensetzung der Fasern.
7. Faserige Struktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche in Form einer Matte.
8. Faserige Struktur nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 in Form eines röhrenförmigen Teiles.
9. Faserige Struktur nach Anspruch 8, in der die Teile der Fasern an der inneren Oberfläche des röhrenförmigen Teiles die erste polymere Zusammensetzung aufweisen, um Verträglichkeit mit einem Material, das mit der inneren Oberfläche in Kontakt kommt, zu erzeugen, und die Teile der Fasern an der äußeren Oberfläche des röhrenförmigen.Teiles die zweite polymere Zusammensetzung aufweisen, um dem röhrenförmigen Teil erwünschte Festigkeitseigenschaften und andere physikalische Eigenschaften zu verleihen.
10. Faserige Struktur, umfassend ein röhrenförmiges Teil nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, das geschnitten wird, um ein oder mehrere Teilelemente aus der röhrenförmigen Wand bereitzustellen.
11. Verfahren zur Bildung einer integralen faserigen Struktur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Verfahren die Schritte umfaßt, daß man Fasern einer ersten polymeren Zusammensetzung auf einer Oberfläche anordnet, um den Aufbau einer faserigen Stuktur der ersten polymeren Zusammensetzung zu beginnen, und man die Zusammensetzung der Fasern während deren Herstellung ändert, so daß die Teile der Fasern auf der von der Oberfläche abgelegenen Seite der Struktur die zweite polymere Zusammensetzung aufweisen.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, bei dem die Zusammensetzung der Fasern plötzlich geändert wird.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, bei dem sich die Zusammensetzung der Fasern durch die Struktur nach und nach ändert.
EP84304891A 1983-07-21 1984-07-18 Faserige Strukturen Expired EP0132376B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84304891T ATE40424T1 (de) 1983-07-21 1984-07-18 Faserige strukturen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8319727 1983-07-21
GB08319727A GB2145443B (en) 1983-07-21 1983-07-21 Improvements in fibrous structures

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0132376A2 EP0132376A2 (de) 1985-01-30
EP0132376A3 EP0132376A3 (en) 1986-10-01
EP0132376B1 true EP0132376B1 (de) 1989-01-25

Family

ID=10546086

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84304891A Expired EP0132376B1 (de) 1983-07-21 1984-07-18 Faserige Strukturen

Country Status (12)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0132376B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS60190947A (de)
AT (1) ATE40424T1 (de)
AU (1) AU558207B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8403634A (de)
CA (1) CA1248720A (de)
DE (1) DE3476432D1 (de)
DK (1) DK357184A (de)
ES (1) ES534506A0 (de)
GB (1) GB2145443B (de)
HK (2) HK67187A (de)
SG (2) SG6887G (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111317594A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-23 广州迈普再生医学科技股份有限公司 一种人工血管自动化生产装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2195251A (en) * 1986-09-02 1988-04-07 Ethicon Inc Improvements in synthetic vascular grafts
US7780973B2 (en) * 2003-12-15 2010-08-24 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. Method and device for minimally invasive implantation of biomaterial

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1530990A (en) * 1974-08-05 1978-11-01 Ici Ltd Electrostatically spun tubular product
GB1527592A (en) * 1974-08-05 1978-10-04 Ici Ltd Wound dressing
DE2806030C2 (de) * 1978-02-14 1984-02-02 B. Braun Melsungen Ag, 3508 Melsungen Verfahren zur Herstellung einer schlauchförmigen Blutgefäßprothese

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111317594A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-23 广州迈普再生医学科技股份有限公司 一种人工血管自动化生产装置
CN111317594B (zh) * 2020-02-28 2023-10-20 广州迈普再生医学科技股份有限公司 一种人工血管自动化生产装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE40424T1 (de) 1989-02-15
JPS60190947A (ja) 1985-09-28
SG6887G (en) 1987-06-05
DK357184A (da) 1985-01-22
CA1248720A (en) 1989-01-17
DE3476432D1 (en) 1989-03-02
AU558207B2 (en) 1987-01-22
BR8403634A (pt) 1985-07-02
SG25689G (en) 1989-07-14
ES8603776A1 (es) 1986-01-01
GB2145443B (en) 1986-07-23
EP0132376A3 (en) 1986-10-01
GB8319727D0 (en) 1983-08-24
HK67187A (en) 1987-09-25
HK68489A (en) 1989-09-01
DK357184D0 (da) 1984-07-20
AU3092484A (en) 1985-01-24
EP0132376A2 (de) 1985-01-30
GB2145443A (en) 1985-03-27
ES534506A0 (es) 1986-01-01

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