EP0142446A1 - Entwicklungsvorrichtung von latenten magnetischen Abbildungen - Google Patents
Entwicklungsvorrichtung von latenten magnetischen Abbildungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0142446A1 EP0142446A1 EP84402286A EP84402286A EP0142446A1 EP 0142446 A1 EP0142446 A1 EP 0142446A1 EP 84402286 A EP84402286 A EP 84402286A EP 84402286 A EP84402286 A EP 84402286A EP 0142446 A1 EP0142446 A1 EP 0142446A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- magnetized
- developing latent
- particles
- recording surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G19/00—Processes using magnetic patterns; Apparatus therefor, i.e. magnetography
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
- G03G15/095—Removing excess solid developer, e.g. fog preventing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for developing latent magnetic images and, more particularly to a retouching device which, in this apparatus, is intended to remove the excess developer particles which have been deposited on the recording surface. magnetic of this device.
- a touch-up device of this kind finds its application in particular in magnetic printing machines.
- non-impact printing machines In modern equipment used for information processing, more and more rapid printers are used in which the printing of the characters is carried out without for that calling upon the impact of types of relief printing on a sheet. of receiving paper.
- These so-called non-impact printing machines generally comprise a recording medium which, most often consisting of a rotary drum or an endless belt, is provided with a recording surface on which it is possible to form, electrostatically or magnetic, sensitized areas corresponding to the characters to be printed, these areas being capable of attracting solid particles of a powdery developer product.
- This drawback can be eliminated by using the retouching device which has been described in the French patent application published under 2.322. 393 and which makes it possible to remove the excess developer particles which are on an endless magnetic strip on which a latent magnetic image has been formed.
- This retouching device comprises a guide roller with radius R, over which the endless magnetic strip passes. When this strip is driven at a constant speed V, the developer particles which are on this strip are subjected, as they pass in front of this guide roller, to the action of a centrifugal force whose value, on each particle of mass M, is equal to MV 2 / R.
- the endless magnetic strip must be driven at a speed at least equal to one meter per second.
- a speed of movement of this order does not allow this retouching device to be used in current magnetic printing machines in which the drive speed of the recording medium practically does not exceed 30 cm / s. So that this retouching device can be applied to such a printing machine, the diameter of the guide roller should indeed be reduced, but this solution would lead to choosing a guide roller whose diameter should not exceed two millimeters. A guide roller of this size would then necessarily be fragile and its use, in a magnetic printing machine, would not offer all the desired security.
- the present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art and provides an apparatus for developing latent magnetic images which comprises a retouching device capable of safely and homogeneously removing excess developer particles. found on the recording medium of this device, and this even when this recording medium is driven at a speed of the order of a few tens of centimeters per second.
- the printing machine which has been shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 comprises a magnetic recording medium constituted, in the example considered, by a magnetic drum 10 mounted on a horizontal axis 11. This drum is driven in rotation, in the direction arrow Rl, by an electric motor (not shown).
- the recording of information on this drum 10 is carried out by a magnetic recording member 12 disposed near the external surface 13 of this drum.
- this member 12 is formed by an assembly comprising several magnetic recording heads which, arranged one next to the other, are aligned parallel to the axis of rotation 11 of the drum. Each of these heads generates, when it is excited repeatedly by an electric current, a variable magnetic field which has the effect of creating domains or magnetized zones 14 on the surface 13 of the drum which passes in front of these heads.
- the moments of excitation of these heads are determined from known manner, so as to obtain on this surface 1T sets of magnetized zones, sets also called latent magnetic images whose shape corresponds to that of the characters to be printed.
- the magnetized zones 14 of the drum 10 then pass in front of an application device 15 which is arranged below the drum 10 and which makes it possible to apply to the surface 13 of this drum particles of a powdery developer contained in a reservoir 16 In the embodiment illustrated by FIG.
- this application device 15 comprises, in a known manner in the state of the art, on the one hand a rotary magnetic cylinder 17 which takes away particles of developer found in the reservoir 16 to bring them in the vicinity of the surface of the drum 10, on the other hand a fixed deflector 18 which is interposed between the magnetic cylinder 17 and the drum 10 to collect the particles transported by this cylinder 17 and apply them to the surface of this drum.
- the developer particles which are thus applied to the drum 10 adhere, in principle, only to the magnetized areas thereof, so that these areas, after passing in front of the application device 15, appear coated with a layer of developer, thus forming deposits 19 of particles on the surface 13 of the drum. These deposits 19 then pass in front of a retouching device 20 which will be described later and which has the role of eliminating the developer particles which have adhered elsewhere than on the magnetized zones 14, as well as the particles which are found in excess on these zones.
- the developer particles which remain on the drum 10 are transferred, almost entirely, onto a sheet of paper 21 which is applied to the drum 10 by means of a pressure roller 22.
- the residual developer particles which, when this transfer is made, are still on the drum 10 are then removed by means of a device cleaning 23.
- the magnetized zones which have passed in front of the cleaning device 23 then pass in front of an erasing device 24, which allows the portions of the drum 10, which have thus been demagnetized, to be able to be magnetized again when they are represent before the registration body 12.
- the powder developer which is contained in the reservoir 16 of the printing machine which has just been described consists of magnetic particles coated with a resin which, by heating, is capable of melting and fixing on the sheet of paper 21 on which it was deposited.
- This fusion is normally caused by a heating device through which the sheet of paper 21 passes after passing over the pressure roller 22.
- this heating device which is of known type, has not been shown in FIG. 1 for the reason that it is not part of the invention.
- FIG. 2 there is shown schematically a portion of the magnetic drum 10 seen in section, on a large scale, so that the magnetized areas 14 formed on the surface 13 of this drum have, in this figure, a relatively large size.
- each of these magnetized zones has, in reality, a size of the order of 100 to 200 microns, that is to say has, for example, a square section of the order of 100 to 200 microns aside.
- the magnetized zones which have been shown in FIG. 2 have not been drawn to the scale of the drawing.
- the magnetic drum 10 consists, in a manner known in the prior art, of a cylindrical support 25 formed of a magnetically soft material with high magnetic permeability (such as iron or iron alloy -silicon), this support being coated with a layer 26 of magnetic material with high coercivity such as, for example, the nickel-cobalt magnetic alloy.
- This layer 26 is intended to be magnetized transversely, the support 25 then serving as a magnetic shunt.
- the magnetized zones 14 which are formed on the magnetic drum 10 by the recording member 12 all have magnetization axes NS oriented perpendicular to the surface 13 of the drum.
- the recording member 12 is produced in a known manner, so that these magnetization axes are all oriented in the same direction.
- the magnetized zones 14 all have, on their external face, a south magnetic polarity (S).
- S south magnetic polarity
- these magnetized zones 14 are shown as they appear after they have passed in front of the application device 15, that is to say after they have been coated with a layer of developer.
- the thickness of this layer is relatively large, that is to say generally greater than a hundred microns, whereas, on the magnetized zones 14 which have passed in front of the retouching device, the thickness of this layer is reduced to a value which, under conditions which will be explained below, can reach around thirty microns.
- the retouching device 20 which equips the printing machine which has just been described comprises an endless transport element 27 which, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, is in the form of a hollow cylinder, the axis of rotation 28 is parallel to the axis 11 of the drum 10.
- This cylinder which is made of a non-magnetic material such as, for example, aluminum, is disposed along a part 29 of the circular path that follows the surface 13 of the drum during the rotation of this drum, this part 29 located in downstream from the point where the developer particles from the reservoir 16 are applied to this surface 13 extending over a length of the order of one to two centimeters.
- the cylinder 27, which is continuously rotated about its axis 28, is placed very close to the surface 13 of the drum 10.
- this cylinder 27 is spaced from the surface 13 by a distance which, practically does not exceed three millimeters. Thus, in the example described, this distance is equal to 1.5 millimeters. It should also be noted that, as can be seen in FIG. 2, the drum 10 and the cylinder 27 both rotate in the same direction, this direction being, in the example described, opposite to that of the needles of a watch. Under these conditions, the external surface 30 of the cylinder 27 passes in front of the path part 29 in a direction opposite to that of the displacement of the surface 13 of the drum. It is useful to indicate here that, in the example described, this surface 13 moves at a linear speed equal to thirty centimeters per second, while the surface 30 of the cylinder 27 moves at a linear speed equal to 1.5 centimeters per second.
- the retouching device which is shown in FIG. 2 further comprises a magnetized element 31, in the form of a bar, which is housed inside the cylinder 27 and is placed near the path portion 29 which has been mentioned. upper.
- This permanent magnet 31 is oriented so that its magnetic pole which is closest to the path part 29 is that whose polarity is opposite to that presented by the magnetized zones 14 on their external face. In other words, the direction of magnetization of this magnet 31 is the same as that of the magnetized zones which pass past it.
- the magnetic pole of the magnet 31 which is closest to the part of the path 29 is that which has a north magnetic polarity (N ′), that is to say here the magnetic pole 32.
- N ′ north magnetic polarity
- the thickness of the cylinder 27 is always very small, that is to say say generally between a millimeter and a few tenths of a millimeter, and that the end J of this nearest magnetic pole is spaced from the surface 13 of the drum by a distance D whose value will be determined a little further, but which , practically, is at most equal to five millimeters.
- the distance D whose end J of the north magnetic pole 32 is spaced from this surface 13 is equal to 2.5 millimeters.
- the magnetic axis N'S 'of the magnet 31 is not oriented in the direction of the straight line 40, which, passing through the center C of the magnet 31, is normal to the part of the path 29, but is, on the contrary, inclined relative to this normal 40 in the opposite direction to that of the displacement of the surface 13 of the drum.
- This magnetic axis N'S 'then forms with this normal 40 an angle A whose value depends on the linear speed of movement of the surface 13, but does not however exceed 45 degrees.
- this angle A has a value practically equal to 35 degrees. In the case where the speed of movement of the surface 13 is of the order of ten centimeters per second, this angle A has a value close to 25 degrees. Similarly, for a linear speed of movement of the surface 13 equal to five centimeters per second, the angle A has a value of about 15 degrees.
- Each of the developer particles which have been deposited on the same magnetized zone 14 is attracted by this zone with a force F M whose intensity depends, not only on the value of the magnetization of this zone, but also on the distance h which separates this particle from this zone.
- this magnetic force F M varies as a function of this distance h, according to a law of variation which is illustrated by the curve in solid lines 50 represented in the diagram of FIG. 3, the coordinates of the constituent points of this curve 50 being related to two axes of rectangular coordinates passing through the same origin 0, this origin 0 corresponding, on the surface 13, to the center of the magnetized zone.
- each magnetized zone 14 has a size close to 100 microns and where the permanent magnet 31 has a width practically equal to 6 millimeters, it has been found that, to reduce to about thirty of microns the thickness of the developer layer on each of the magnetized zones 14, this magnet 31 had to be spaced from the surface 31 of the drum by a distance D practically equal to 2.5 millimeters.
- the developer particles which remain on the surface 13 of the drum, outside of the magnetized zones 14, are also subjected to the attractive action exerted by the magnet 31 at the moment when they pass directly over this surface. magnet. Because the adhesion force which keeps these particles applied to this surface 13 is significantly less than that exerted by the magnet 31, these particles are detached from this surface and they then come to be applied to the external surface 30 of cylinder 27.
- the surface 30 of the cylinder 27 on which the particles which have been detached from the drum under the action of the magnet 31 are applied is not smooth, but on the contrary has a certain roughness, the gaps between the most highs and the lowest points of this surface 30 however remaining less than 300 microns. Thanks to this roughness, the developer particles which have applied to the surface 30 are entrained during the rotation of the cylinder 27. A squeegee 34, the end of which is pressed against the surface 30, then allows these particles to 'be removed from the cylinder 27 and fall back into the tank 16, as can be seen in Figure 1.
- the retouching device which has just been described applies not only to a printing machine, the recording medium of which is constituted by a magnetic drum, but also to a printing machine, of which the recording medium is constituted, as 3 shows it, by an endless magnetic strip 110, stretched on rollers 111, 112, 113, 114, this strip being held pressed against a magnetic shunt 115 consisting of a bar of magnetically soft material with high magnetic permeability.
- the printing machine which is shown schematically in Figure 3 has the same components as those of the machine shown in Figure 1, such as, for example, the magnetic recording member 12, the application device 15, etc. ....
- the scrolling of this strip 110, in the direction indicated by the arrow Dl, is provided by an electric motor, not shown, which drives one of the rollers in rotation, the other rollers being free to rotate.
- this retouching device 20 comprises, as can be seen in FIG. 3, a transport element in the form of an endless belt 127 stretched over three rollers 128,129,130, this strip 127 consisting of a flexible non-magnetic material such as, for example, rubber.
- the rollers 129 and 130 are arranged so that the portion of the strip 127 which is between these two rollers is parallel to a part 29 of the path followed by the magnetic strip 110 between the rollers 111 and 114 and is located in the immediate vicinity of this part 29.
- the endless strip 127 is driven in one direction, indicated by the arrow D2 in FIG.
- the permanent magnet 31 which is placed inside the path followed by the strip 127 and near the part 29 is oriented, as can be seen in FIG. 3 , so that its magnetic pole which is closest to this part 29 is the one whose polarity is opposite to that presented by the magnetized zones opposite the strip 127. It is also seen in FIG. 3, that the axis magnetic of magnet 31 is inclined with respect to the straight line 40 which, passing through the center C of this magnet, is normal to the part 29, this inclination being carried out in the opposite direction to that of the displacement of the magnetic strip 110. This magnetic axis then forms with the straight 40 and an angle A whose value, defined above in the text, depends on the speed of movement of the magnetic strip 110, but does not exceed 45 degrees.
- the retouching device of the present invention By using, under the conditions which have been described in detail above, the retouching device of the present invention, it has been successful not only to remove the developer particles deposited outside the areas magnetized magnetic recording medium, but also to significantly reduce the thickness of the developer layer on each of these magnetized areas. Thus it has been possible, for example, on magnetized zones having a size of the order of 100 to 200 microns, to reduce from 100 to 30 microns the thickness of the layer of developer deposited on these zones.
- the retouching device of the invention allows the developer particles remaining on the magnetized areas to regroup towards the centers of these areas, which further improves the quality of the impression obtained during the transfer of these particles onto the paper.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Magnetic Brush Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Printers Or Recording Devices Using Electromagnetic And Radiation Means (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT84402286T ATE31982T1 (de) | 1983-11-17 | 1984-11-13 | Entwicklungsvorrichtung von latenten magnetischen abbildungen. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8318282 | 1983-11-17 | ||
| FR8318282A FR2555329B1 (fr) | 1983-11-17 | 1983-11-17 | Appareil de developpement d'images magnetiques latentes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0142446A1 true EP0142446A1 (de) | 1985-05-22 |
| EP0142446B1 EP0142446B1 (de) | 1988-01-13 |
Family
ID=9294219
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP84402286A Expired EP0142446B1 (de) | 1983-11-17 | 1984-11-13 | Entwicklungsvorrichtung von latenten magnetischen Abbildungen |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4610527A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0142446B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE31982T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3468755D1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES8600816A1 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2555329B1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2625574A1 (fr) * | 1987-12-30 | 1989-07-07 | Bull Sa | Dispositif pour eliminer la pollution due aux charges electriques acquises par un support d'impression dans une machine imprimante magnetographique |
| FR2629606A1 (fr) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-10-06 | Bull Sa | Dispositif pour former des images latentes magnetiques sur l'element d'enregistrement d'une imprimante magnetographique |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69218689T2 (de) * | 1991-07-26 | 1997-07-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma, Osaka | Elektrophotographisches Verfahren und Gerät hierfür |
| KR0159306B1 (ko) * | 1993-01-13 | 1999-03-20 | 모리시타 요이찌 | 전자사진장치 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4108546A (en) * | 1976-11-01 | 1978-08-22 | Xerox Corporation | Cleaning apparatus and electrostatographic reproducing machine |
| US4127327A (en) * | 1977-06-20 | 1978-11-28 | Xerox Corporation | Apparatuses incorporating a composite support member |
| US4314018A (en) * | 1977-04-19 | 1982-02-02 | Mita Industrial Company, Ltd. | Cleaning process for an electrostatic copying apparatus |
| GB2084080A (en) * | 1980-08-30 | 1982-04-07 | Ricoh Kk | Cleaning unit for copying machine |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3804511A (en) * | 1970-07-29 | 1974-04-16 | Pelorex Corp | Method and apparatus utilizing magnetic storage for transferring graphical information |
| DE3119029C2 (de) * | 1981-05-13 | 1983-02-10 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Vorrichtung zur Entwicklung von auf einem Ladungsbildträger angeordneten Ladungsbildern mit Hilfe eines aus Toner und Trägerteilchen bestehenden Entwicklergemisches |
-
1983
- 1983-11-17 FR FR8318282A patent/FR2555329B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-10-19 US US06/662,909 patent/US4610527A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-11-13 EP EP84402286A patent/EP0142446B1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-11-13 DE DE8484402286T patent/DE3468755D1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-11-13 AT AT84402286T patent/ATE31982T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-11-16 ES ES537747A patent/ES8600816A1/es not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4108546A (en) * | 1976-11-01 | 1978-08-22 | Xerox Corporation | Cleaning apparatus and electrostatographic reproducing machine |
| US4314018A (en) * | 1977-04-19 | 1982-02-02 | Mita Industrial Company, Ltd. | Cleaning process for an electrostatic copying apparatus |
| US4127327A (en) * | 1977-06-20 | 1978-11-28 | Xerox Corporation | Apparatuses incorporating a composite support member |
| GB2084080A (en) * | 1980-08-30 | 1982-04-07 | Ricoh Kk | Cleaning unit for copying machine |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2625574A1 (fr) * | 1987-12-30 | 1989-07-07 | Bull Sa | Dispositif pour eliminer la pollution due aux charges electriques acquises par un support d'impression dans une machine imprimante magnetographique |
| FR2629606A1 (fr) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-10-06 | Bull Sa | Dispositif pour former des images latentes magnetiques sur l'element d'enregistrement d'une imprimante magnetographique |
| EP0336820A1 (de) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-10-11 | Bull S.A. | Vorrichtung zur Bildung latenter magnetischer Bilder auf einem Aufzeichnungsträger in einem Drucker |
| US4901087A (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1990-02-13 | Bull S.A. | Device for forming latent magnetic images on the recording element of a magnetographic printer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4610527A (en) | 1986-09-09 |
| ATE31982T1 (de) | 1988-01-15 |
| FR2555329A1 (fr) | 1985-05-24 |
| ES537747A0 (es) | 1985-10-16 |
| ES8600816A1 (es) | 1985-10-16 |
| EP0142446B1 (de) | 1988-01-13 |
| FR2555329B1 (fr) | 1986-02-14 |
| DE3468755D1 (en) | 1988-02-18 |
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