EP0142645B1 - Installation de radiodiagnostic à convertisseur de rayons X - Google Patents

Installation de radiodiagnostic à convertisseur de rayons X Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0142645B1
EP0142645B1 EP84110187A EP84110187A EP0142645B1 EP 0142645 B1 EP0142645 B1 EP 0142645B1 EP 84110187 A EP84110187 A EP 84110187A EP 84110187 A EP84110187 A EP 84110187A EP 0142645 B1 EP0142645 B1 EP 0142645B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluorescent screen
ray
screen
image
input
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84110187A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0142645A1 (fr
Inventor
Jörg Haendle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0142645A1 publication Critical patent/EP0142645A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0142645B1 publication Critical patent/EP0142645B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—HANDLING OF PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K4/00—Conversion screens for the conversion of the spatial distribution of X-rays or particle radiation into visible images, e.g. fluoroscopic screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/64—Circuit arrangements for X-ray apparatus incorporating image intensifiers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an x-ray diagnostic device with an x-ray converter with a luminescence storage luminescent screen, which stores the respective x-ray image latently and can be stimulated to light up by an additional radiation source, with a scanning device for the storage luminescent screen, optics arranged between the storage luminescent screen and a detector, and a television -Player.
  • a fluorescent screen is used in X-ray diagnostics to record and reproduce an X-ray image. It is known, for example, from US-A-3,975,637.
  • DE-A-2 928 244 describes an X-ray diagnostic device in which an X-ray image is first stored as a latent image in a plate with a storage fluorescent screen made of a phosphor that can be excited by visible light or infrared rays.
  • the defect electrons that are generated by the absorption of the X-rays in the phosphor layer of the phosphor screen are trapped in a potential trap of the phosphor, so that the radiation image remains stored.
  • the number of defects depends on the amount of the absorbing radiation energy. Only by scanning the fluorescent screen pixel by pixel, for example with an infrared laser beam, are these defect electrons lifted into the conductivity band and emit light in the visible range when they fall back.
  • the stored radiation image is made visible by the excitation with visible light or infrared rays, the electrons stored in the potential trap of the phosphor being released and thus the radiation image stored in the fluorescent screen being released in the form of fluorescent light.
  • the fluorescent light is captured by a photo detector and converted into an electrical signal, which is then visualized on a monitor.
  • US Pat. No. 3,975,637 describes an X-ray diagnostic device of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the radiation image contained in the storage luminescent screen is scanned pixel by pixel, with an optical system, a radiation collector, imaging the light beams emitted by the storage luminescent screen onto a detector will. After subsequent amplification of the electrical output signal from the detector, it is displayed on a reproduction device. In the case of dark image parts in the radiation image, the detector is only weakened to a small extent, so that its electrical noise can disturb these image signals.
  • FR-A-2 212 946 describes a method for generating an X-ray image in which the X-ray image contained in a storage phosphor is scanned by infrared rays.
  • the light emitted by the storage phosphor screen is fed to an image intensifier tube via an optical system, the output image of which is imaged on an X-ray image via a further optical system, so that the radiation image contained in the storage phosphor is recorded on the X-ray film.
  • the image intensifier tube with optics the light emanating from the storage fluorescent screen can also be detected by a detector, the output signal of which, after buffering, controls a cathode ray tube for recording on a microfilm. Losses or increased noise can also occur here due to the optics or the electrical transmission path.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing an X-ray diagnostic device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the relative sensitivity is further increased and the output image of the luminescent screen is further enhanced, so that television images with high contrast and a low noise component are obtained.
  • an image intensifier is electronically optically coupled to an image intensifier unit with the luminescence storage fluorescent screen.
  • This coupled image intensifier immediately enhances the image visible through stimulating rays, so that losses, for example due to a subsequent optical coupling, do not have a disruptive effect.
  • the image intensifier unit has an input screen as a first carrier layer, on which an input phosphor screen is applied, on which a photocathode is vapor-deposited, and when an output phosphor screen is applied on a second carrier layer in the direction of the input thin conductive layer is covered.
  • the phosphor screen can be scanned from the input side if the input phosphor screen is made of storable luminescent material and the output phosphor screen of zinc sulfide or cadmium sulfide, and if the first carrier layer is transparent to light rays.
  • FIG. 1 shows a high-voltage generator 1 that feeds an X-ray tube 2 that emits X-rays that penetrate a patient 3.
  • the X-rays which have been weakened by the patient in accordance with its transparency, fall on an image intensifier unit 4, which consists, for example, of a fluorescent screen made of luminescent material and a coupled flat-screen amplifier with near-field focusing.
  • This striking radiation image generates defect electrons in the fluorescent screen of the image intensifier unit 4, which are stored in a potential trap of the phosphor, so that a latent image is stored in the fluorescent screen of the image intensifier unit 4.
  • the luminescent screen of the image intensifier unit 4 is scanned pixel by pixel by a laser beam, which is generated by a laser 5 and deflected by a deflection device 6 over the surface of the luminescent screen of the image intensifier unit 4.
  • the deflection device 6 for the laser 5 can consist, for example, of a deflection mirror for the vertical and an electro-optical beam deflector for the horizontal deflection.
  • An optical system 7 forms the output fluorescent screen of the image intensifier unit 4 on a detector 8, which detects the brightness of the scanned pixels and feeds it to a playback circuit 9, which generates a video signal for display on a monitor 10 from the individual, analog output signals of the detector 8.
  • the playback circuit 9 may include image memories, processing circuits and converters.
  • a control device 11 generates the control clocks for synchronizing the deflection device 6, the playback circuit 9 and the monitor 10.
  • this image intensifier unit 4 consists of a first carrier layer 12 on the input side facing the X-ray tube 2, on which an input fluorescent screen 13 is applied.
  • a photocathode 14, which is connected to the one pole of a voltage source 15, is evaporated on the input fluorescent screen 13.
  • a vacuum 16 follows, which can be, for example, twelve millimeters thick as the acceleration path.
  • the adjoining output screen of the image intensifier unit 4, which faces the detector 8, consists of a second carrier layer 19, on which an output fluorescent screen 18 is applied.
  • a thin conductive layer 17, to which the second pole of the voltage source 15 is connected, is applied from the exit fluorescent screen 18 to delimit it from the vacuum 16.
  • the image intensifier unit 4 can have two versions.
  • the input fluorescent screen 13 consists of luminescent material and the output fluorescent screen 18 consists of zinc sulfide or cadmium sulfide.
  • the carrier layers 12 and 19 can consist of glass, the carrier layer 12 having to be transparent to infrared rays, for example when using an infrared laser.
  • the photocathode 14 can for example consist of an antimony-cesium compound and the layer 17 made of aluminum. If the x-ray image is now imaged on the input fluorescent screen 13 in this arrangement, defect electrons are generated in accordance with the energy of the individual pixels and are stored in potential traps of the phosphor.
  • the defect electrons are released which are caused by the acceleration voltage applied to the photocathode 14 of e.g. more than 5 kV can be accelerated to the output luminescent screen 18, which is covered by the thin layer 17.
  • a brightness-enhanced image (factor 50 to 100) is thus emitted on the exit fluorescent screen 18.
  • the light generated in the exit fluorescent screen 18 is imaged on the photodetector 8 via the optics 7 by the final glass carrier.
  • the input luminescent screen 13 consists of casium iodide and the output luminescent screen 18 consists of thermoluminescent material.
  • the first carrier layer 12 can, as is customary in image intensifier technology, consist of aluminum, while the second carrier layer must be transparent to infrared rays and visible radiation. In this case, it can also consist of infrared-permeable glass.
  • the incident X-ray radiation produces 13 photoelectrons in the input fluorescent screen, which are accelerated in the vacuum 16, fall on the output fluorescent screen 18 and generate defect electrons. There they are saved again in the traps.
  • This arrangement according to the invention ensures that the detector 8 is still sufficiently controlled, even with low image dose values, so that the noise of the detector is negligible.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Radiography Using Non-Light Waves (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Appareil de radiodiagnostic comportant un convertisseur de rayons X muni d'un écran luminescent de mémorisation (13), qui mémorise sous forme latente l'image radiologique respective et peut, pour la restitution de l'image, être excité de manière à devenir luminescent au moyen d'une source supplémentaire de rayonnement (5), un dispositif de balayage (5, 6) pour l'écran luminescent de mémorisation (13), un système optique (7) disposé entre l'écran luminescent de mémorisation (13) et un détecteur (8) et un dispositif de restitution par télévision (9, 10), caractérisé par le fait qu'un amplificateur de brillance est couplé, par voie électro-optique, à l'écran luminescent de mémorisation (13), pour former une unité d'amplification de brillance (4).
2. Appareil de radiodiagnostic suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que l'amplificateur de brillance est un amplificateur de brillance plat à focalisation dans le champ proche.
3. Appareil de radiodiagnostic suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'unité d'amplification de brillance (4) comporte, comme écran d'entrée (12 à 14), une première couche de support (12), sur laquelle est déposé un écran luminescent d'entrée (13), sur lequel une photocathode (14) est déposée par évaporation, et qu'un écran luminescent de sortie (18), qui est recou- vert par une mince couche conductrice (17), est déposé sur une seconde couche de support (19), en direction de l'entrée.
4. Appareil de radiodiagnostic suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'écran luminescent d'entrée (13) est constitué en un matériau luminescent apte à procéder à une mémorisation et que l'écran luminescent de sortie (18) est constitué par du sulfure de zinc ou du sulfure de cadmium et que la première couche de support (12) est transparente pour les rayons lumineux.
5. Appareil de radiodiagnostic suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'écran luminescent d'entrée (13) est constitué par du iodure de césium et que l'écran luminescent de sortie (18) est constitué par un matériau luminescent apte à procéder à une mémorisation et que la seconde couche de support (19) est transparente pour les rayons lumineux.
EP84110187A 1983-09-09 1984-08-27 Installation de radiodiagnostic à convertisseur de rayons X Expired EP0142645B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833332648 DE3332648A1 (de) 1983-09-09 1983-09-09 Roentgendiagnostikeinrichtung mit einem roentgenkonverter
DE3332648 1983-09-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0142645A1 EP0142645A1 (fr) 1985-05-29
EP0142645B1 true EP0142645B1 (fr) 1988-06-22

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84110187A Expired EP0142645B1 (fr) 1983-09-09 1984-08-27 Installation de radiodiagnostic à convertisseur de rayons X

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4886970A (fr)
EP (1) EP0142645B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6068543U (fr)
DE (2) DE3332648A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5006709A (en) * 1987-01-28 1991-04-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft X-ray diagnostics installation
JP2516771B2 (ja) * 1987-07-17 1996-07-24 日本航空電子工業株式会社 電子線回折監視装置
DE69029554T2 (de) * 1989-10-02 1997-04-24 Fujitsu Ltd Digitales Röntgenstrahl-Bildschirmgerät mit einer Korrekturfunktion
EP0446384A1 (fr) * 1990-03-12 1991-09-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil de radiodiagnostic avec un écran de luminance d'enregistrement
RU2163425C2 (ru) * 1998-11-17 2001-02-20 Кабардино-Балкарский госуниверситет Устройство для преобразования рентгеновского изображения в видеосигнал
JP2001135267A (ja) 1999-09-08 2001-05-18 Siemens Ag 輻射変換器
DE10014311C2 (de) 2000-03-23 2003-08-14 Siemens Ag Strahlungswandler
CN106963341A (zh) * 2017-04-14 2017-07-21 苏州影睿光学科技有限公司 一种近红外荧光‑x射线双模小动物成像设备
US10991546B1 (en) * 2019-10-25 2021-04-27 Applied Materials, Inc. Isolated LINAC resonator pickup circuit

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3009079A (en) * 1960-04-26 1961-11-14 Gen Electric X-ray intensification system
US3495084A (en) * 1965-11-30 1970-02-10 Sheldon Edward E Device for intensification of images of invisible radiations comprising an array of sensors,an array of amplifiers and a vacuum image pick-up tube with an array of electrical conductors
US3475411A (en) * 1966-12-27 1969-10-28 Varian Associates Mosaic x-ray pick-up screen for x-ray image intensifier tubes
JPS4838970A (fr) * 1971-09-16 1973-06-08
US3859527A (en) * 1973-01-02 1975-01-07 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus and method for producing images corresponding to patterns of high energy radiation
US3975637A (en) * 1973-10-23 1976-08-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Device for storage and display of a radiation image
JPS5944333B2 (ja) * 1978-07-12 1984-10-29 富士写真フイルム株式会社 放射線像変換方法
JPS5611392A (en) * 1979-07-11 1981-02-04 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Method and device for converting radiation image
JPS57187700A (en) * 1981-05-11 1982-11-18 Giyasuio Jiyan Method of and apparatus for formation of heat-fluorescent image
JPS5883937A (ja) * 1981-11-13 1983-05-19 富士写真フイルム株式会社 放射線画像情報読取方法
DE3235076A1 (de) * 1982-09-22 1984-03-22 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Aufnahme- und auslesevorrichtung fuer roentgenstrahlen
US4481416A (en) * 1982-12-20 1984-11-06 General Electric Company Thermoluminescent coactivated rare earth oxyhalide phosphors and x-ray image converters utilizing said phosphors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3472352D1 (en) 1988-07-28
EP0142645A1 (fr) 1985-05-29
DE3332648A1 (de) 1985-03-28
US4886970A (en) 1989-12-12
JPS6068543U (ja) 1985-05-15

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