EP0145062A2 - Industrialisiertes Verfahren zur Errichtung von Mauerwerk aus Terrakotta und Zement und Blöcke für die Durchführung dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Industrialisiertes Verfahren zur Errichtung von Mauerwerk aus Terrakotta und Zement und Blöcke für die Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0145062A2
EP0145062A2 EP84201660A EP84201660A EP0145062A2 EP 0145062 A2 EP0145062 A2 EP 0145062A2 EP 84201660 A EP84201660 A EP 84201660A EP 84201660 A EP84201660 A EP 84201660A EP 0145062 A2 EP0145062 A2 EP 0145062A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blocks
block
recesses
hollows
intended
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84201660A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0145062A3 (en
EP0145062B1 (de
Inventor
Ede Romeo Dr. Arch. Rossi
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to AT84201660T priority Critical patent/ATE54698T1/de
Publication of EP0145062A2 publication Critical patent/EP0145062A2/de
Publication of EP0145062A3 publication Critical patent/EP0145062A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0145062B1 publication Critical patent/EP0145062B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/52—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E04B1/161—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, both being partially cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/24—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/022—Stairways; Layouts thereof characterised by the supporting structure
    • E04F11/035—Stairways consisting of a plurality of assembled modular parts without further support
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/104—Treads
    • E04F11/116—Treads of stone, concrete or like material or with an upper layer of stone or stone like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with an upper layer of glass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E04B2/8623—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic
    • E04B2/8629—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with spacers and at least one form leaf being monolithic with both form leaves and spacers being monolithic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/025—U-shaped, e.g. brackets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an industrialized process for the erection of masonry structures having a terracotta and cement structure, as well as to terracotta blocks intended to be used in the implementation of this process.
  • the main object of the present invention is to carry out a process for the erection of masonry works which by its characteristics can be considered as truly industrialized, which is of easy, rapid and economical execution (this economy being understood from a perspective overall costs of erection, finishing and successively operating the building), and which gives rise to a terracotta and cement structure having in all respects ongoing characteristics.
  • the aim of the invention includes the production of terracotta blocks having special characteristics thanks to which they result to be particularly suitable for enabling the most advantageous implementation of the process.
  • the operations of preparing the blocks can be carried out in the factory, under the most industrially favorable conditions, while at the site one should only perform the block laying operations - which are made very simple, easy and quick by the dry laying process - and reinforcements, and the successive jet of cement mortar, operations which can be largely mechanized, to the extent considered most suitable .
  • the method also comprises the operation of applying to the blocks, during their installation, locating means, such as pins or forks, by means of which one can ensure an exact and orderly superposition and juxtaposition of the blocks, without introduce operational difficulties or require the use of special equipment to control the placement of blocks.
  • locating means such as pins or forks
  • the fundamental block used in the implementation of the invention, consists of a section of extruded terracotta, having a number of hollows extending in the direction of the extrusion, side by side or in the thickness direction only in the direction of the width of the block, separated by relatively thin partitions, and in the configuration in which it is used on site, the block is characterized in that it has at least its faces intended to come into contact with other blocks worked mechanically up to a condition of planarity, parallelism and precision of dimensions of the order of a fraction of a millimeter, and in that it has a part of the partitions separating the hollows mechanically cut to a depth of a few centimeters, constituting a system of channels extending in one or two directions perpendicular to the direction of extrusion of the block and in communication with a part of the hollow of the block, constituting a preset assembly.
  • the fundamental block has a thickness corresponding to the thickness of the masonry structure to be erected, and the external and internal walls which limit the block are intended to form the respectively external and internal walls of the masonry structure.
  • the hollows form one or two offset orders of insulation hollows, adjacent to the wall of the block intended to form the external wall of the masonry structure, an order of compression hollows capable of receive technical installations, adjacent to the wall of the block intended to form the internal wall of the masonry structure, and number of recesses disposed between said insulation recesses and said containment recesses. Because of this structure, the insulating properties of the erected wall can be enhanced, and this can be predisposed in the best way to receive the application of the necessary technical installations.
  • the thermal and acoustic insulation can be adapted to the various requirements by leaving said insulation voids empty, or else by filling them with insulation material of suitable characteristics.
  • the block includes certain recesses of circular section intended, possibly after mechanical work, to receive reference pins.
  • certain blocks may include one or more cavities of dimensions multiple of those of the hollows, intended to constitute empty spaces of lightening or else formwork for the jet of reinforced concrete pillars.
  • Special blocks can be provided to make singular parts of the structures, such as corners, shoulders, Lintels, stairs, caissons and so on.
  • the terracotta element is generally indicated by the reference 0, and it has an external wall 6, an internal wall 7 and number of relatively thin partitions 8, some of which extend parallel to the walls 6 and 7, others perpendicular to those -this, and which connect each other Said two walls by defining between them number of recesses which extend in the direction of extrusion and which are intended to be arranged in the ver position tical in the normal use of the block.
  • the structure of the block is not symmetrical with respect to a mean plane between the external walls 6 and internal 7.
  • Earth baked presents two successive series of hollows 9 and 10, to which an insulation function is assigned;
  • the two series of hollows 9 and 10 are offset so as to lengthen the heat path in the terracotta between the external ambient and the interior of the block.
  • the recesses 9 and 10 can be left empty, or else they can be filled with insulating material in powder, grain, foam or other form, depending on the insulation requirements.
  • these hollows form a "coat" of protection, which thermally insulates from the outside almost the entire mass of the masonry structure.
  • a series of recesses 11 is provided, on the contrary, adjacent to the internal wall 7 of the terracotta element, and these recesses are intended to provide an easily usable passage for technical installations and seats suitable for the installation. of components collected.
  • said lack of symmetry of the block with respect to the mean plane parallel to the external and internal walls has only the aim of achieving optimal characteristics, and it does not constitute a necessary requirement, so that in special cases the block can also assume a symmetrical structure with respect to said mean plane between the external 6 and internal 7 walls.
  • the terracotta element is symmetrical with respect to a mean plane perpendicular to the walls 6 and 7, and along this plane extends a series of recesses 13 to which correspond, along the walls of the terracotta element perpendicular to the walls 6 and 7, half-recesses, also indicated by 13.
  • the structure of the terracotta element is therefore repetitive and symmetrical, so that the blocks obtained from this extruded terracotta element may be superimposed, straight or inverted, in corresponding or offset foundations, always ensuring the continuity of all the hollows among the different superimposed blocks.
  • the structure described can be produced without the slightest technical difficulty by an extrusion operation, as for most of the terracotta elements now used in the construction of buildings.
  • the terracotta element thus extruded is cut into uniform heights, for example 25 cm.
  • the width of the block can be, for example, 50 cm, and its thickness (distance between the walls 6 and 7) of 42 cm, for normal load-bearing external walls of buildings. This thickness is chosen, preferably, equal to the desired thickness for the wall to be erected.
  • hollows of the terracotta element are differentiated according to their different functions, however it should be understood that blocks having undifferentiated hollows could also find use according to the invention. .
  • the blocks cut from the extruded terracotta element described must be subjected to mechanical work, above all to ensure the accuracy - with tolerances of the order of fractions of a millimeter - of their dimensions, as well as the parallelism and the planarity of the surfaces of the blocks which are intended to receive the contact of the approached or superimposed blocks.
  • Figure 3 which shows a worked fundamental block
  • the surfaces that we must thus work mechanically, and preferably by cutting, are the surfaces 2 (upper) and 3 (lower), perpendicular to the direction of extrusion, and the lateral surfaces 4 and 5, perpendicular to the external walls 6 and internal 7.
  • the partitions 8 between certain series of hollows 12 or / and 13 are hollowed out to a depth of a few centimeters, generally 2 or 3 cm, thus forming continuous channels 15, parallel to the walls 6 and 7, and possibly also channels 16 perpendicular to the walls themselves.
  • These channels can be predisposed on all the blocks or else only on a part of them, depending on the vertical distance which it is desired to obtain between said channels, to which will correspond. , as we will see, horizontal elements of cement framework. Similar cuts can also be executed on the partitions which separate the compression hollows 11, in order to predispose horizontal passages for technical installation elements.
  • the hollows 14 are still pierced, to a depth of a few centimeters, thereby producing seats 17 for reference pins.
  • the position of these seats is thus defined precisely by mechanical work, and it does not suffer from the tolerances resulting from the extrusion operation of the terracotta element.
  • a masonry structure can be erected dry by approaching and superimposing an appropriate number of blocks.
  • Reference pins 18 introduced into the seats 17 drilled in correspondence with the recesses 14 (FIG. 6) authorize an execution of the superposition without having recourse to means of controlling the position of the blocks, nor to any particular attention or skill of the worker.
  • ALTERNATIVELY OR ADDITIONALLY TO THE ANKLES 18, forks 19 can be arranged astride partitions 8 - suitably cut if necessary - adjacent blocks, in order to establish their position (FIG. 7), or else similar forks 20 can be used according to Figure 8 to connect adjacent blocks together and also give a reference for the superimposed blocks.
  • reinforcing bars can be introduced in all or part of the channels 15, 16 to form horizontal reinforcements, while, when a certain height of the masonry structure (for example , a stage) has been reached, reinforcement can be introduced vertically into some of the hollows which will then be interested in the jet of the cement mortar.
  • a reticular frame structure according to FIG. 9 composed by horizontal bars 21 extending along the thickness of the blocks, by horizontal bars 22 extending parallel to the pa kings 6 and 7 of the blocks, and by vertical irons 23.
  • the reinforcement structure does not necessarily have to have the regularity of that according to Figure 9, and it can be brought into agreement, in each place, with the actual necessities.
  • the distances between the irons, as well as their size can be chosen in the most expedient manner.
  • cement mortar is poured into some of the recesses 12, 13, among which at minus those which communicate with Channels 15, 16.
  • the mortar descends to the basic plan of the building, thanks to The continuity of the hollows, and moreover it follows The horizontal channels 15, 16 by filling them and giving Place, after hardening, to a cement frame, which is incorporated into the mass of the masonry work but which, if one could discover it, would be seen as shown in Figure 10.
  • This frame consists of small vertical pillars occupying 24
  • the hollows in which the mortar was poured transverse connections 25, which correspond to the channels 15 and link together the different blocks 1 approached, and connections 26 directed between the internal and external walls of the blocks, and which correspond to the channels 16 .
  • VS Some of these elements of the cement framework incorporate reinforcements, where these were introduced during the formation of the masonry structure.
  • cement mortar by which the material which is poured into the hollows and into the channels of the blocks has been indicated in order to fill them by constituting a framework as well as to incorporate any reinforcements, extensively, and it generally designates any material capable of cementing and capable of being poured.
  • a cement mortar based on silicates and aluminates as is usually used in the construction of buildings, but in the context of the invention can also find application, at least for certain parts of the construction, mortars of special cements, plaster, other mineral binders or based on synthetic materials, etc.
  • reinforcements are introduced into these mortars, they will, of course, be adapted to the nature of the mortar, and in certain cases they may be formed, for example, by plasticized iron wire, by wire of other metal, by fibers. natural or synthetic, and so on.
  • the recesses 12 can be filled in entirely arbitrary number and arrangement, so that masonry walls can be produced externally identical but having a very different static resistance, from the minimum corresponding to the filling of a small number of hollows only to make a frame tending to assemble the blocks, up to the maximum corresponding to the filling of all the hollows 12.
  • the static resistance of the erected wall can therefore be precisely, easily and rationally proportioned to the various requirements of every part of the building.
  • the continuous reticular framework extending in the interior of the masonry over the whole building gives it a great resistance to forces no matter as directed, and therefore exceptional anti-seismic characteristics.
  • the following block Figure 4 is used to form non-load-bearing internal walls. It shows recesses 27 of internal insulation and of containment of technical installations, small recesses 28 intended to receive the jet of a cement mortar, and a horizontal channel 29 which connects the hollows 28. Similar blocks can have different thicknesses, and they can also have the hollows 27 on one side only.
  • FIG. 5 shows an angle block for making corners of the masonry work. It has a substantially L-shaped shape, with aligned insulation recesses 30, adjacent to the perpendicular external walls 31, 32, and with compression recesses 33 for aligned technical installations, adjacent to the perpendicular internal walls 34, 35.
  • the channels 36, 37 also extend in both directions, forming a corner.
  • Similar blocks are intended to be superimposed, alternately one straight and the other inverted, to form corners having the convexity directed outwards.
  • the angle blocks can advantageously be produced by approaching two half-blocks, connected along the line indicated at 38 in FIG. 5.
  • Figure 11 shows a block intended to form a shoulder of masonry. It differs from the fundamental block in that it has a wall 39 perpendicular between the external 40 and internal 41 walls; for the erection of a shoulder (FIG. 13), whole blocks 42 and blocks 43 cut in half are superimposed alternately, in order to obtain the offset of the joints. This is desirable either for technical reasons than for aesthetic reasons, although the nature of the construction carried out does not really make it necessary.
  • the blocks are arranged straight, on the other side they are arranged inverted, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 13.
  • the blocks according to the Figure 11 are predisposed to be cut in correspondence of the wall 39, as shown in Figure 12, thus forming blocks 44 whose recessed end forms seats 45 for the application of a lintel 46 (Fig. 13).
  • FIG. 14 shows a block which, in addition to a wall 47 perpendicular (or inclined) between the external walls 48 and internal 49, also forms a mallet 50, for the erection of shoulders with mallet.
  • the blocks according to FIG. 14 can also be cut, as shown in FIG. 15, to define in the structure a seat for the application of the box of a roller blind.
  • the structure of the box can be produced, as shown in FIG. 16, by means of external partition elements 51, internal partition elements 52 and elements 53 and 54 which, as a whole, form a Lintel.
  • a structure produced according to the invention does not require, in the majority of cases, reinforced concrete pillars, but in cases where such pillars would be useful or necessary, blocks can be used according to FIG. 17, which differ from the fundamental blocks 1 in that a certain number of the internal recesses 12 is replaced by a cavity 55, which is therefore surrounded by the recesses 15 and 16.
  • the cavity 55 is surrounded by a cement framework, possibly reinforced, which gives the blocks the attitude to resist a pressure exerted from the cavity 55 towards the outside, so that in said cavity a pillar 56 can be thrown in. reinforced concrete, as shown in Figure 18.
  • the blocks according to Figure 17 can be used, without throwing pillars, to lighten the masonry, or to introduce elements of technical installations.
  • the blocks according to Figure 17 In order to allow the offset of the seats, preferably the blocks according to Figure 17 have a central cavity 55 and two half-cavities 55 lateral.
  • Figure 19 shows an element intended to be used simply as formwork and successively as coating for a pillar in reinforced concrete. Also in this case the channels 57 and the filling of at least a portion of the recesses of the element allow the blocks to resist the casting pressure of the pillar.
  • Figure 20 shows a suitable block for the formation of poutrel the reinforced terracotta
  • Figure 21 shows a block suitable for use in forming a floor with lattice girders.
  • the use of this block 59 in the jet of a floor supported on fundamental blocks 1 partially covered by planelles 61 is illustrated by FIG. 22. It is noted that blocks 62, constituted by the cutting of fundamental blocks 1 or else expressly manufactured, peripherally delimit the floor casting space to be executed.
  • FIG. 23 shows the use of a special block 63 with oblique cavities 64, to form a cornice surrounding a floor formed by blocks 59 and by lattice beams 60.
  • FIG 24 shows a special block 65 with horizontal recesses, intended to form the structure of a cantilever staircase, as shown in Figures 25 and 26.
  • Each block has an L-shape and it has a base d '' a lap and a height of two climbs.
  • the hollows arranged in the rise are connected by a vertical channel 66, which cuts an oblique channel 67.
  • the steps are inserted by one side into a bearing wall formed by special blocks 68, some of which are cut and are indicated by 69.
  • These blocks 68 have two internal cavities and two lateral half-cavities; Their width is 3/2 of fold and their height is two climbs.
  • the distal ends of the cantilevered steps are closed by planelles 70.
  • the jet of cement mortar or concrete in the channels 66 forms in each step a cantilever beam 72 , which includes appropriate reinforcements 71 and is connected continuously to the supporting structure of the wall formed by the blocks 68, 69.
  • oblique channels 67 oblique beams 73 are formed, incorporating frames 74, LesqueLLes connect the different steps of the staircase to each other, also creating a continuous reticular frame on the staircase. This is integrated with that of the wall carrying the staircase and the entire building.
  • the special blocks shown are only examples, and other forms of blocks may be provided to meet the requirements of particular parts of the building, or of special buildings, keeping unchanged The design to realize The structure of The construction by means of terracotta elements provided with hollows and distribution channels for the cement mortar, so as to form, following the jet of '' a mortar in the hollows and in the canals, a continuous reticular framework of cement, incorporating, where appropriate, steel reinforcements, entirely embedded in the terracotta blocks, which it provides for connecting together and strengthen to the extent appropriate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
EP84201660A 1983-12-07 1984-11-16 Industrialisiertes Verfahren zur Errichtung von Mauerwerk aus Terrakotta und Zement und Blöcke für die Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0145062B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84201660T ATE54698T1 (de) 1983-12-07 1984-11-16 Industrialisiertes verfahren zur errichtung von mauerwerk aus terrakotta und zement und bloecke fuer die durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT68268/83A IT1175288B (it) 1983-12-07 1983-12-07 Procedimento industrializzato per l'erezione di murature a struttura latero cementizia e blocchi per la attuazione di tale procedimento
IT6826883 1983-12-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0145062A2 true EP0145062A2 (de) 1985-06-19
EP0145062A3 EP0145062A3 (en) 1987-10-07
EP0145062B1 EP0145062B1 (de) 1990-07-18

Family

ID=11308775

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84201660A Expired - Lifetime EP0145062B1 (de) 1983-12-07 1984-11-16 Industrialisiertes Verfahren zur Errichtung von Mauerwerk aus Terrakotta und Zement und Blöcke für die Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0145062B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE54698T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3482749D1 (de)
IT (1) IT1175288B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1013798A3 (nl) * 1999-02-19 2002-09-03 Vandermersch Luc Bouwblok en werkwijze voor het vermetselen van dit bouwblok.
ITPD20110294A1 (it) * 2011-09-19 2013-03-20 Cis Edil S R L Blocco forato per tamponamenti
EP4491819A1 (de) * 2023-07-13 2025-01-15 Northern Greece Ceramics SA Baustein

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE958772C (de) * 1949-04-17 1957-02-21 Spezial Betonwaren Werke E G M Fuenfseitig geschlossener Hohlstein aus Beton mit schweren Zuschlagstoffen
CH296284A (de) * 1951-11-08 1954-02-15 Hoenger Hans Hohlkörperdecke und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung.
DE1509232A1 (de) * 1963-12-07 1968-12-05 Bertele Dr Ing Ubaldo Gelochtes Element aus ziegelsteinartigem oder aehnlichem Material zur Herstellung von Stufen
US4319440A (en) * 1979-10-11 1982-03-16 Rassias John N Building blocks, wall structures made therefrom and methods of making the same
DE2946456A1 (de) * 1979-11-17 1981-05-27 Dipl.-Ing. Detlef Västerås Degenkolbe Stapelstein

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1013798A3 (nl) * 1999-02-19 2002-09-03 Vandermersch Luc Bouwblok en werkwijze voor het vermetselen van dit bouwblok.
ITPD20110294A1 (it) * 2011-09-19 2013-03-20 Cis Edil S R L Blocco forato per tamponamenti
EP4491819A1 (de) * 2023-07-13 2025-01-15 Northern Greece Ceramics SA Baustein

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0145062A3 (en) 1987-10-07
IT8368268A0 (it) 1983-12-07
ATE54698T1 (de) 1990-08-15
DE3482749D1 (de) 1990-08-23
IT8368268A1 (it) 1985-06-07
IT1175288B (it) 1987-07-01
EP0145062B1 (de) 1990-07-18

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