EP0784128A1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Paneels mit tragender Holzkonstruktion, durch das Verfahren hergestelltes Paneel, und mindestens ein derartiges Paneel enthaltendes Bauwerk - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Paneels mit tragender Holzkonstruktion, durch das Verfahren hergestelltes Paneel, und mindestens ein derartiges Paneel enthaltendes Bauwerk Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0784128A1
EP0784128A1 EP97440002A EP97440002A EP0784128A1 EP 0784128 A1 EP0784128 A1 EP 0784128A1 EP 97440002 A EP97440002 A EP 97440002A EP 97440002 A EP97440002 A EP 97440002A EP 0784128 A1 EP0784128 A1 EP 0784128A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
panel
filling material
framework
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97440002A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0784128B1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Macchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Macchi Construction (societe A Responsabilite Limitee)
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Macchi Construction (societe A Responsabilite Limitee)
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Publication of EP0784128A1 publication Critical patent/EP0784128A1/de
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Publication of EP0784128B1 publication Critical patent/EP0784128B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2/562—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with fillings between the load-bearing elongated members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of building and real estate construction, in particular half-timbered constructions and houses, and relates to a method of manufacturing a prefabricated half-timbered panel, a panel obtained by this method and a construction comprising at least such a sign.
  • construction begins with the assembly on the site of the wooden frameworks of the construction and the filling of the openings of the upright framework with masonry works so as to obtain the walls of the construction.
  • the exterior coating or plaster is applied successively, the installation of thermal insulation, the laying of electrical network conduits, the application of the interior coating and water-tightness of the structure.
  • Water tightness is generally achieved by means of silicone or acrylic seals added at the level of the slots and interstices and the thermal insulation is, most often, attached to the interior face of the walls.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to alleviate the aforementioned drawbacks and to propose means for carrying out a method of constructing half-timbered buildings or buildings using a limited number of parties, making the work to be carried out less painful, and making it possible to lower the duration of production and the cost price by rationalizing and limiting the number of operations, by maximizing the number of operations carried out off site, in a suitable production site, and by minimizing the operations to be carried out on site, limiting them to punctual assembly and finishing operations.
  • the invention firstly relates to a method of manufacturing a panel intended to form a wall or part of a wall of a half-timbered construction, characterized in that it consists in producing the framework of the panel, at place the latter flat on a flat support surface, to be poured into the openings delimited by the elements or element portions of the framework, a filling material, preferably thermally insulating, comprising in particular a hydraulic binder, then waiting for solidification said filling material, then straightening said panel and applying, if necessary, on one or both sides of said panel a suitable coating or finishing layer.
  • a filling material preferably thermally insulating, comprising in particular a hydraulic binder
  • the invention also relates to a prefabricated panel intended to form a wall or part of a wall of a half-timbered construction, obtained in particular by the aforementioned method and mainly composed of a wooden frame, the openings of which are delimited by the elements or portions of elements of said framework, are closed by a filling material, panel characterized in that it has at each opening of the framework closed by the filling material a circumferential sealing barrier constituted by a rib attached in a leaktight manner to the faces of the elements of the framework delimiting the opening considered and projecting into the mass of the filling material closing said opening.
  • the subject of the invention is a construction, in particular a half-timbered house, characterized in that at least one external wall thereof consists of a prefabricated panel or of an assembly of at least two prefabricated panels such (s ) as mentioned above.
  • the method of manufacturing a prefabricated panel 1 with half-timbering consists essentially of making the frame 2 of the panel 1, placing the latter flat on a flat support surface 4, to be poured into the openings 6 delimited by the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' or the element portions of the frame 2 a filling material 5, preferably insulating, comprising in particular a hydraulic binder, then wait for the solidification of said filling material 5, then straighten said panel 1 and apply, if necessary, on one or both sides of said panel 1 a suitable coating or finishing layer 7 , 7 '.
  • the filling material 5 may advantageously consist of a hydraulic binder containing particles of an insulating material, such as for example polystyrene beads, and be, for example, of the type known under the designation SYMRHEA by the company Lafarge.
  • the support surface 4 may preferably be constituted by the flat and horizontal surface of the floor of a workshop, in particular a paved floor or covered with a smooth surface layer.
  • the framework 2 of a panel 1 can be produced according to the usual half-timbering construction techniques, the assembly of the elements 3, 3 ', 3 "and 3"' between them being effected for example by tenon-mortise connections .
  • the method can consist, before pouring the filling material 5, of covering the bottoms, formed by the support surface 4, of the openings 6 delimited by the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' or portions of elements of the framework 2 of a layer 8 of dry sand, then pouring a layer 9 of bonding plaster into said openings 6 intended to be closed.
  • the layer 8 of dry sand allows, on the one hand, to make a withdrawal on the external or front face of the panels 1, between the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' of the framework, subsequently authorizing the application of an outer coating layer 7 (for example a plaster) whose outer surface is level with the front faces of the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' and, on the other hand, avoid direct contact between the support surface 4 and the bonding layer 9 and accelerate the drying of the latter.
  • an outer coating layer 7 for example a plaster
  • Said layer 9 of bonding plaster constitutes an intermediate layer, intended to ensure the connection between the filling material 5 and the exterior coating layer 7 applied subsequently when the panel 1 is in the upright position, and may be composed of bastard mortar. (lime / cement) at a rate of approximately 300 kg of binder per m 3 of plaster.
  • the pouring of said layer 9 of bonding plaster on a layer 8 of sand also causes the formation of an outer or front surface of the layer 9 which is not smooth and provided with a multitude of roughness and recesses favoring the adhesion of the outer coating layer 7.
  • the filling material 5 is poured into the openings 6 delimited by the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' or portions of these elements of the framework 2 and on the layer 9 of fixing plaster, before solidification of the latter.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to obtain a very strong adhesion due to an intimate bond between the two materials 5 and 9 not yet solidified, possibly combined with a mutual mutual interpenetration of said materials at their contact zone.
  • This characteristic causes, during aging and drying of the wood constituting said elements 3, 3 ', 3 "and 3"' of frame 2, a retraction of the latter, in particular a narrowing of their cross section. approximately 2 to 4%, thus generating a gap 6 'between the filling material 5 and the adjacent faces of said elements 3, 3', 3 ", 3"', which is sufficient to give rise to a ventilation of said faces which prevents their rotting.
  • each opening 6 delimited by the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' or portions of elements of the framework 2 is provided with at least one peripheral rib 10 fixed on the lateral faces of the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' or portions of elements of the frame 2, delimiting said openings 6, said at least one rib 10 being embedded in the filling material 5 after pouring of the latter.
  • the peripheral ribs of the openings 6, advantageously one in number per opening 6, consist of portions of bars 10 or squares of rectangular or square section, for example of wood, fixed longitudinally at mid-height approximately on the lateral faces of the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' or portions of elements of the frame 2 delimiting the openings 6, with the interposition of a layer or a strip 10 'in a flexible sealing material, preferably an elastomer.
  • These ribs 10, which extend in grooves of complementary shape of the filling material 5, molded directly on said ribs 10 during the casting of said material, are also made of green wood in such a way that they also undergo, after a certain duration, a retraction and a narrowing of their section which create a gap between said ribs 10 and their conjugate grooves formed in the filling material 5.
  • the ribs 9 may consist, for example, of square section rods made of fir wood covered on one of their faces with an elastomeric product with persistent flexibility, such as for example the product known under the designation Collbond by the company National Cheamsearch, and nailed on the faces, delimiting the openings 6, of the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' of the framework 2.
  • the manufacturing method according to the invention may also consist in placing on the upper face of the framework 2, laid flat on the support surface 4, a formwork 5 "and pouring the filling material 5 over a thickness greater than the thickness of the elements 3, 3 ', 3", 3 "' of the framework, so as to have an additional thickness 5 'of filling material on the inner or rear surface of the panel 1, at least one frame 11, in the form of a trellis or the like, which can be embedded in said filling material 5 and one or more anchoring pieces 12, intended (s ) to be embedded (s) in the mass of said filling material 5, which can be fixed (s) on at least one of the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' of the frame 2, these parts d anchor 12 ensuring the connection between the filling material 5 and the frame 2 .
  • the extra thickness 5 'of filling material relative to the rear face of the frame 2 makes it possible to obtain a wall of sufficient thickness (about 30 cm) and to limit the amount of wood required for the frame 2 (thickness 15 cm) while having a large apparent area of wood.
  • said framework 2 can also be provided, before casting of said filling material 5, or the frame (s) of one or more opening (s) through (s) closable (s) such as a door, a window or the like.
  • These metal bars or rods 13 also carry out a function of blocking and maintaining the assembly of the frame 2.
  • the subject of the present invention is also a prefabricated panel 1 intended to form a wall or part of a wall of a half-timbered construction, obtained in particular by the method described above and mainly composed of a wooden frame 2, whose openings 6, delimited by elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' or portions of elements of said frame 2, are closed by a filling material 5.
  • this prefabricated panel 1 has at each opening 6 of the frame 2 closed by the filling material 5, with thermal insulation properties and, where appropriate, sound, a sealing barrier circumferential 10, 10 'constituted by a rib 10 sealingly attached to the faces of the elements 3, 3', 3 ", 3" 'of the frame 2 delimiting the opening 6 considered and projecting into the mass of the material filling 5 closing said opening 6.
  • the added rib 10 consists of contiguous portions of bars or squares of rectangular or square section, fixed (s) on the lateral faces of the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' or portions of elements delimiting the opening 6 considered, with the interposition of a layer or a strip 10 'of flexible sealing material, preferably of elastomer.
  • the filling material 5 may be prominent relative to the elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' of the framework 2 on the rear or interior face of the panel 1 and forms a block in one piece, said block of filling material 5 containing in its mass, on the one hand, at least one frame 11 in the form of a trellis or the like, disposed substantially parallel to the plane of the panel 1 and, on the other hand, at least one anchoring piece 12 secured to at least one of said elements 3, 3 ', 3 ", 3"' of the framework 2.
  • the trellis 11 forming the reinforcement is advantageously a rigid metallic trellis, assembled by welding.
  • said prefabricated panel 1 may comprise, for its manipulation, at least one metal bar or rod 13 passing through said panel 1 over its entire height and secured, at the level of the upper face of the element. transverse upper 3 ′, to at least one lifting ring and, at the level of the lower face of the lower transverse element 3 ", to a plate or plate 14 bearing against said lower face.
  • the metal bars or rods 13, the number of which depends on the length of the prefabricated panel 1, may have, at the bottom, an end portion in the form of a threaded rod or of a screw, attached or not, capable of cooperating with a perforation threaded in the corresponding plate or plate 14, so as to create a surface grip at the level of the lower transverse element 3 "when lifting the prefabricated panel 1.
  • the present invention also relates to a construction, in particular a half-timbered house, characterized in that at least one exterior wall of said construction consists of a prefabricated panel 1 or of an assembly of at least two prefabricated panels 1 as described above.
  • the panel (s) 1 is (are) anchored in the foundations 15 of the construction by means of the protruding lower ends 13 ′ of the metal bars or rods 13 passing through this or these over their entire height and rest (s) on said foundations 15, on the one hand, discontinuously at the level of the lower transverse element 3 ′ of its (their) framework 2 with interposition of wedges 14 and, on the other hand, continuously at the level of the protruding part 5 ′ of the block of filling material 5, with the interposition of a compression seal 16.
  • the protruding lower ends 13 ′ may, for example, be introduced, when the panel 1 concerned is placed on the foundations 15, in a reinforcement or a reservation 15 ′ of the foundations 15, previously filled with fresh mortar for sealing, for example of the type known as Clarex.
  • the wedges 14 serving as a discontinuous base for each panel 1 include in particular the aforementioned plates or plates, said discontinuous support allowing air circulation between the underside of the lower transverse element 3 "of the panel 1 considered and the foundations 15 and therefore ventilation of said element 3 "on all of its faces, although an added seal is put in place between said shims 14.
  • these wedges 14 at least partially driven into the fresh mortar filling the reinforcement or reservations 15 ', also contribute to the anchoring of the panels 1 after drying of said mortar.
  • the half-timbered construction comprises several half-timbered walls or at least one wall formed by several prefabricated panels 1, the latter are assembled together at the level of the upper transverse elements 3 ′ of their frameworks 2 by means of perforated connection plates 17 and / or slats 17 'and are secured to bracing pillars 18 contiguous to the ends of the interior walls 19 of the construction, at the level of the lateral vertical elements 3 "' of their frameworks 2 by means of perforated connection plates 20 ( Figures 4 to 7 of the accompanying drawings).
  • the bracing pillars 18 may consist, for example, of a stack of core bricks, the connection plates 20 being able to be partially integrated into the mass of the filling material forming the core (concrete), the latter being advantageously provided with a metal frame 18 'over its entire height.
  • connection plates 20 are then, during the mounting of the panels 1, secured by screws or nails to the elements 3 "'of the frameworks of said panels 1.
  • the contact areas between the protruding parts 5 'of the filling material, or between these protruding parts 5' and the bracing pillars 18, are provided with compression seals 16 ', especially of the type known under the designation Compribande, pinched between the elements in contact.
  • FIG. 8 of the accompanying drawings it can be provided that, in the case of superposition of two prefabricated panels 1, 1 ′, the upper face of the upper transverse element 3 ′ of the frame 2 of the lower panel 1 is provided with a rib 21 sealingly attached to said upper face and cooperating, after superposition of the two panels 1 and 1 ', with a groove 21 formed in the lower face of the transverse element lower 3 "of the framework 2 of the upper panel 1 ', if necessary with the interposition of a compression seal 23, the latter transverse element 3" further comprising a projecting front lower edge 24 covering, after superposition, the upper part of the front face of the upper transverse element 3 ′ of the framework 2 of the lower panel 1 and in particular preventing any infiltration of runoff water onto the outside face of the wall.
  • the contact between the protruding parts 5 'of the lower 1 and upper 1' panels can be made with the interposition of a compression seal 16 '.
  • the invention also makes it possible to compensate for a rotting of the frame 2 by ventilation of the constituent elements of the latter and to achieve a very good seal between the frame 2 and the filling material 5, not varying not in time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
EP19970440002 1996-01-11 1997-01-09 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Paneels mit tragender Holzkonstruktion, durch das Verfahren hergestelltes Paneel, und mindestens ein derartiges Paneel enthaltendes Bauwerk Expired - Lifetime EP0784128B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9600404 1996-01-11
FR9600404A FR2743584B1 (fr) 1996-01-11 1996-01-11 Procede de fabrication d'un panneau a colombages, panneau obtenu par ce procede et construction comprenant au moins un tel panneau

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0784128A1 true EP0784128A1 (de) 1997-07-16
EP0784128B1 EP0784128B1 (de) 1999-10-06

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ID=9488125

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19970440002 Expired - Lifetime EP0784128B1 (de) 1996-01-11 1997-01-09 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Paneels mit tragender Holzkonstruktion, durch das Verfahren hergestelltes Paneel, und mindestens ein derartiges Paneel enthaltendes Bauwerk

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0784128B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69700571T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2743584B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0965702A1 (de) * 1998-06-16 1999-12-22 Höhn, Jochen Vorgefertigte Wandelelemente im Verbundsystem-Holzspanbeton-Holzfachwerk
CN107327176A (zh) * 2017-08-23 2017-11-07 宁夏众力管廊科技有限公司 一种预制装配式变电站舱基

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2800767B1 (fr) 1999-11-08 2002-03-08 Georges Bernat Panneaux prefabriques pour constructions a colombages et leur procede de mise en oeuvre

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3627647A1 (de) * 1986-08-14 1988-03-03 Leon Dipl Ing Pytlik Verfahren zur herstellung von bauteilen mit einer tragenden holzkonstruktion
FR2638474A1 (fr) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-04 Aznavorian Garabet Panneaux prefabriques pour la construction de batiments, procede de construction et batiments construits au moyen de ces panneaux
US5055252A (en) * 1989-01-12 1991-10-08 Superior Walls Of America, Ltd. Method of constructing an integrated concrete wall structure

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3627647A1 (de) * 1986-08-14 1988-03-03 Leon Dipl Ing Pytlik Verfahren zur herstellung von bauteilen mit einer tragenden holzkonstruktion
FR2638474A1 (fr) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-04 Aznavorian Garabet Panneaux prefabriques pour la construction de batiments, procede de construction et batiments construits au moyen de ces panneaux
US5055252A (en) * 1989-01-12 1991-10-08 Superior Walls Of America, Ltd. Method of constructing an integrated concrete wall structure

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0965702A1 (de) * 1998-06-16 1999-12-22 Höhn, Jochen Vorgefertigte Wandelelemente im Verbundsystem-Holzspanbeton-Holzfachwerk
CN107327176A (zh) * 2017-08-23 2017-11-07 宁夏众力管廊科技有限公司 一种预制装配式变电站舱基
CN107327176B (zh) * 2017-08-23 2023-11-07 宁夏众力管廊科技有限公司 一种预制装配式变电站舱基

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69700571D1 (de) 1999-11-11
EP0784128B1 (de) 1999-10-06
FR2743584B1 (fr) 1999-06-11
DE69700571T2 (de) 2000-05-31
FR2743584A1 (fr) 1997-07-18

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