EP0146424B1 - Elektrischer Schalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen - Google Patents

Elektrischer Schalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0146424B1
EP0146424B1 EP84402171A EP84402171A EP0146424B1 EP 0146424 B1 EP0146424 B1 EP 0146424B1 EP 84402171 A EP84402171 A EP 84402171A EP 84402171 A EP84402171 A EP 84402171A EP 0146424 B1 EP0146424 B1 EP 0146424B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
annular track
circuit breaker
blow
annular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84402171A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0146424A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Paul Robert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Priority to AT84402171T priority Critical patent/ATE31842T1/de
Publication of EP0146424A1 publication Critical patent/EP0146424A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0146424B1 publication Critical patent/EP0146424B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/18—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric switch with self-blowing by rotation of the arc under the action of a magnetic field, comprising inside a sealed enclosure filled with sulfur hexafluoride a formation chamber d arc, in which is housed a pair of separable contacts and an arc extinguishing chamber in which is housed a pair of annular electrodes arranged face to face to form circular tracks of migration of the arc to be extinguished and a magnetic blowing device in rotation of the arc on said circular tracks.
  • An electric switch of the type mentioned, for example described in French patent No. 2494493, has the advantage of an extremely reduced control energy, the energy necessary for blowing the arc being entirely derived from the current to be interrupted.
  • This rotary arc switch or circuit breaker has an interesting architecture allowing the production of a compact and economical circuit breaker. The switching of the arc to the circular tracks of rotation takes a certain time and this delay affects the breaking performance of the circuit breaker and increases the erosion of the contacts of the circuit breaker.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback and to improve the switching of the arc.
  • the switch is characterized in that the movable contact of said pair of contacts is extended without discontinuity by an arc horn extending between the formation chamber and the chamber extinguishing and connecting to one of said circular tracks, the other circular track being associated with the fixed contact, a current supply conductor forming a blowing loop of the arc in the direction of the circular tracks.
  • the arc horn avoids any discontinuity between the movable contact and the associated circular track, so as to allow rapid displacement of the arc root anchored on the movable contact towards the circular track.
  • This rapid displacement is accompanied by an elongation of the arc and an increase in the arc voltage facilitating switching.
  • the rapid displacement is favored by an appropriate supply of the bow horn, so as to impose on the current a loop trajectory blowing the arc in the direction of the circular track.
  • the movable contact, arc horn and circular track assembly advantageously constitutes a monobloc piece pivotally mounted on a fixed axis perpendicular to the plane of movement of the movable contact.
  • the pivot axis is arranged in the vicinity of the circular track on one side or the other of the latter or possibly in the center along a diameter of the circular track in order to compensate for the electrodynamic forces applied to the circular track.
  • the planes containing the circular tracks are substantially parallel, so as to keep the length of the arc in rotation on the circular tracks.
  • the magnetic blowing field in rotation of the arc is generated by a coil inserted between the fixed contact and the fixed circular track attached to one of the faces of the coil.
  • the circular track and blowing coil assembly is arranged in a part of the enclosure of the switch constituting the arc extinguishing chamber juxtaposed with the arc forming chamber formed by the pair of separable contacts.
  • the arc horn constitutes a connection without solution of continuity between the two chambers.
  • the magnetic blowing field is generated by a permanent magnet attached to the fixed circular track, so as to generate a radial field in the migration migration area of the arc.
  • the fixed circular track can be connected to the fixed contact by a horn, the continuous fixed arc extending opposite the movable arc horn.
  • the displacement of the arc towards the circular tracks is particularly rapid, any discontinuity in the migration paths of the arc roots being avoided.
  • the reactance of the arc circuit comprising the circular tracks is close to that of the main circuit containing the contacts, which facilitates rapid switching of the arc by limiting the duration of stagnation of the arc on the contacts.
  • the configuration according to the invention makes it possible to eliminate the shunt contacts, and it is easy to add to the aforementioned contacts main contacts ensuring the passage of the nominal current.
  • the switching of the arc is improved by limiting the increase in the reactance of the arc circuit during the path from the latter to the circular tracks of rotation.
  • the switch includes successive means for inserting the turns of the coil, staggered along said tracking track to gradually insert the coil into the electrical circuit.
  • the arc drawn between the contacts moves quickly towards the circular tracks without switching on the blowing coil during the initial phase of displacement.
  • the arc successively encounters the means for inserting the turns of the coil and gradually turns the latter on.
  • the progressive insertion of the coil delays the progression of the arc, but only in the final phase avoiding any stagnation or re-ignition of the arc on the contacts.
  • the progressive excitation of the coil can be carried out in a particularly simple manner by using the edges of the turns of the coil to constitute the successive anchoring points of the arc.
  • the radial type coil is connected to the fixed contact by a fixed horn which extends parallel to the arcing horn of the movable contact.
  • a fixed horn which extends parallel to the arcing horn of the movable contact.
  • the circular tracks can be in the form of split rings constituting an additional arc blowing coil and it is possible to reduce the mass of the mobile part by using an articulated part of which only the contact part is mobile, the horn arc and the associated circular track remaining fixed.
  • a pole of an electric circuit breaker comprises a sealed envelope 10 made of an insulating material filled with a gas with high dielectric strength, in particular sulfur hexafluoride under an appropriate pressure.
  • Bushings 12, 14 shaped as current supply terminals pass through the wall of the casing 10, one of the bushings carrying a fixed contact 16 capable of cooperating with a movable contact 18 mounted on one of the ends of a contact carrier arm 20, the opposite end of which is articulated on a fixed axis 22.
  • a braid 23 extending perpendicular to the contact carrier arm 20 in the direction of the bushing 14 connects the latter to the end carrying the movable contact 18 to impose a loop-shaped trajectory on the current. In the closed position of the switch, shown in fig.
  • the contact-carrying arm 20 extends transversely to this rectilinear trajectory of the current and is capable of struggling in the plane of FIG. 1, to cause the separation of the contacts 16, 18. Between the end carrying the movable contact 18 and that articulated on the axis 22, the contact-carrying arm 20 successively comprises an arc horn 24 and a ring 26, the face of which front constitutes a circular arc track 28.
  • the circular track 28 is disposed a circular track 32 arranged on an annular electrode 30 attached to the front face of a coil 34 fixed to a support 36 secured to the bushing 12.
  • the coil 34 is electrically inserted between the bushing 12 and the annular electrode 30, so as to be excited as soon as the arc is switched on this electrode 30.
  • the annular electrode 30 is juxtaposed with the fixed contact 16, extensions 38 of the fixed contact 16 and / or of electrode 30 reducing the separation interval to facilitate switching of the arc from fixed contact 16 towards electrode 30. It is easy to see that the enclosure confined by the envelope 10 has two parts, one of which contains t the contacts 16, 18 and in which the arc is formed, and a second comprising the arcing tracks 28, 32 where the extinction of the arc takes place.
  • the contact carrier 20 is substantially parallel to the annular electrode 30, so that the two circular tracks 28, 32 are at a constant distance.
  • the switch according to fig. 1 to 4 works as follows:
  • the contacts 16, 18 are closed while the circular tracks 28, 32 are spaced from one another.
  • the current flows through the circuit containing the contacts 16, 18 and the braid 23, the coil 34 being de-energized.
  • the contact carrier arm 20 pivots downward in FIG. 1, towards the position shown in FIG. 2, for separating the contacts 16, 18.
  • the arc drawn between the contacts 16, 18 extends in the initial position “a” between the contacts 16, 18 while being subjected to an electrodynamic blowing force generated by the trajectory in loop of current flowing through the braid 23.
  • the magnetic blowing field produced by a coil in the switch according to FIGS. 1 to 4 can obviously be generated by a permanent magnet 40 attached to the fixed circular track 32 in the manner shown in FIG. 5.
  • the permanent magnet 40 advantageously of annular shape, can be axially or radially magnetized and does not require any electrical supply.
  • the arcing horns 24, 42 constitute the tracks of the arc roots from the formation chamber to the extinguishing chamber, these tracks presenting no solution of continuity.
  • the operation of the switch according to fig. 5 is identical to that described above, the arc drawn between the contacts 16, 18 moving rapidly towards the circular tracks 28, 32 where it goes out.
  • fig. 5 there is shown the articulation axis 22 passing through the center of the circular track 28, this arrangement making it possible to balance the electrodynamic forces of the currents flowing through the circular tracks 28, 32.
  • the axis 22 can be arranged as shown in fig. 1, at the end of the contact-carrying arm 20 or possibly at another point, for example on the opposite side of the circular track 28, different positions of the axis 22 being valid for the switch according to FIG. 1 or that according to fig. 5. The operation remains of course the same.
  • a coil 56 of the radial type produced by a spiral winding of a ribbon, the internal end of the ribbon being electrically connected to the circular track 32, while the external end is connected to the bushing 12 associated with the fixed contact 16.
  • the lower edges 58 of the ribbon, placed opposite the circular track 28, are stripped and possibly slightly protruding to allow the arc to be hooked.
  • the moving part of the switch corresponds exactly to that illustrated in figs. 1 and 2, and one recognizes the contact-carrying arm 20 articulated on the axis 22 and carrying the fixed contact 18, the circular track 28 and the arcing horn 24.
  • the circular track 28 is constituted by a split ring making it possible to add a magnetic blowing turn, the circular track 32 being able to be of the same type to increase the instability of the magnetic blowing field.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Elektrischer Leistungsschalter mit Selbstbeblasung durch Rotation des Lichtbogens unter Einfluss eines Magnetfeldes, welcher im Innern eines dichten mit Schwefelhexafluorid gefüllten Gehäuses (10) eine Lichtbogenentstehungs-Kammer enthält, in der ein Paar trennbarer Kontakte (16, 18) angeordnet ist, und eine Lichtbogen-Löschkammer, in der ein Paar sich gegenüberliegender Ring-Elektroden angeordnet ist, um kreisförmige Bahnen (28, 32) zu bilden zum Wandern des zu löschenden Lichtbogens, und eine magnetische Blasvorrichtung (34, 56) zur Rotation des Lichtbogens auf den genannten kreisförmigen Bahnen (28, 32), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegliche Kontakt des genannten Kontaktpaares ohne Unterbrechung durch ein Lichtbogenhorn (24) verlängert wird, das sich zwischen der Lichtbogenentstehungs-Kammer und der Löschkammer erstreckt und sich an eine (28) der kreisförmigen Bahnen anschliesst, während die andere kreisförmige Bahn (32) mit dem festen Kontakt (16) verbunden ist, wobei ein Stromzuführungsleiter (23) eine Blas-Schleife des Lichtbogens in Richtung der kreisförmigen Bahnen (28) bildet.
2. Leistungsschalter gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegliche Kontakt (18), das Lichtbogenhorn (24) und die zugeordnete kreisförmige Bahn (28) ein blockförmiges Teil bilden, das drehbar auf einer festen Achse (22) montiert ist, senkrecht zur Bewegungsebene des beweglichen Kontaktes (18).
3. Elektrischer Leistungsschalter gemäss Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das genannte blockförmige längliche Teil (20) in der Nähe eines seiner Enden den beweglichen Kontakt (18) und am anderen entgegengesetzten Ende die kreisförmige Bahn (28) trägt, wobei sich die genannte Drehachse (22) auf dem genannten entgegengesetzten Ende befindet.
4. Elektrischer Leistungsschalter gemäss Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die genannte Drehachse (22) gemäss einem Durchmesser der kreisförmigen Bahn (28) erstreckt, um die elektrodynamischen Kräfte auszugleichen.
5. Elektrischer Leistungsschalter gemäss Anspruch 1, 2, 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die kreisförmige Bahn (28,32) eine Kontinuitäts-Lösung aufweist, um eine Blas-Windung zur Lichtbogen-Rotation zu bilden.
6. Elektrischer Leistungsschalter gemäss Anspruch 3,4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zuführung des Stromes (23) an das genannte blockförmige Teil (20) von der Seite des einen Endes aus erfolgt, um eine Blas-Schleife des auf dem genannten Teil verankerten Lichtbogens zu bilden in Richtung der kreisförmigen Bahn (28).
7. Elektrischer Leistungsschalter gemäss irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Blasvorrichtung von einer Spule (34) gebildet wird, die mit der genannten anderen, dem festen Kontakt (16) zugeordneten, kreisförmigen Bahn (32) verbunden ist, wobei die genannte Spule (34) einerseits mit dem festen Kontakt (16) und andererseits mit der genannten anderen kreisförmigen Bahn (32) verbunden ist, um bei Kommutierung des Lichtbogens des festen Kontaktes (16) auf der zugeordneten kreisförmigen Bahn (32) eingeschaltet zu werden.
8. Elektrischer Leistungsschalter gemäss irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Blasvorrichtung von einem Dauermagnet (40) gebildet wird, der an die genannte andere kreisförmige, dem festen Kontakt (16) zugeordnete Bahn (32) gefügt ist, wobei ein Lichtbogenhorn (42) den festen Kontakt (16) und die zugeordnete kreisförmige Bahn (32) verbindet und sich zwischen der Lichtbogenentstehungs-Kammer und der Löschkammer gegenüber dem Lichtbogenhorn (24) des beweglichen Kontaktes erstreckt.
9. Elektrischer Leistungsschalter gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kanten (58) der aufeinanderfolgenden Windungen der Spule (56) als Aufhängepunkt der Lichtbogenwurzel ausgebildet sind und entlang der Wanderungsstrecke verteilt sind, um die Windungen während der Wanderung der Lichtbogenwurzel zur Löschkammer hin einzufügen, _wobei die kreisförmige Bahn (32) in der Nähe der zentralen Windung angeordnet ist und elektrisch mit letzterer.verbunden ist.
10. Elektrischer Leistungsschalter gemäss Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte Spule (56) seitlich nebeneinander mit dem festen Kontakt (16) verbunden ist, wobei die aufeinanderfolgenden Kanten (58) der Windungen gegenüber dem Lichtbogenhorn (24) des Kontakt-Trägerarms (20) angeordnet sind, welcher an einem seiner Ende den beweglichen Kontakt (18) und am entgegengesetzten Ende die kreisförmige Bahn (28) trägt.
EP84402171A 1983-11-07 1984-10-29 Elektrischer Schalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen Expired EP0146424B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84402171T ATE31842T1 (de) 1983-11-07 1984-10-29 Elektrischer schalter mit rotierendem lichtbogen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8317775 1983-11-07
FR8317775A FR2554631B1 (fr) 1983-11-07 1983-11-07 Interrupteur electrique a arc tournant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0146424A1 EP0146424A1 (de) 1985-06-26
EP0146424B1 true EP0146424B1 (de) 1988-01-07

Family

ID=9293913

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84402171A Expired EP0146424B1 (de) 1983-11-07 1984-10-29 Elektrischer Schalter mit rotierendem Lichtbogen

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0146424B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS60115117A (de)
AT (1) ATE31842T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3468582D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2554631B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9355798B2 (en) 2014-08-21 2016-05-31 General Electric Company System and method for quenching an arc

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8518381D0 (en) * 1985-07-20 1985-08-29 Y S Securities Ltd Circuit interrupter
JP4693736B2 (ja) * 2006-09-28 2011-06-01 株式会社日本Ａｅパワーシステムズ ガス絶縁断路器

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2033329A1 (de) * 1969-07-30 1971-02-11 VEB Transformatorenwerk Karl Lieb \necht, χ 1160 Berlin Oberschoneweide, erf Muller, Ottmar, Dr Ing , χ 1160 Berlin Oberscnoneweide, Gleichmann, Walter, χ 1170 Berlin Köpenick Trennstellenanordnung fur elektrische Leistungsschalter
JPS4511856Y1 (de) * 1969-10-09 1970-05-26
DE2334776A1 (de) * 1973-07-09 1975-01-23 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur loeschung eines elektrischen wechselstrom-lichtbogens und anordnung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE2759267C3 (de) * 1977-12-30 1980-09-11 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Druckgasschalter
FR2494493A1 (fr) * 1980-11-17 1982-05-21 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur electrique a autosoufflage par rotation de l'arc
DE3271488D1 (en) * 1981-02-03 1986-07-10 South Wales Switchgear Electrical switchgear

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9355798B2 (en) 2014-08-21 2016-05-31 General Electric Company System and method for quenching an arc

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE31842T1 (de) 1988-01-15
FR2554631A1 (fr) 1985-05-10
DE3468582D1 (en) 1988-02-11
EP0146424A1 (de) 1985-06-26
FR2554631B1 (fr) 1986-09-05
JPS60115117A (ja) 1985-06-21

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