EP0154176A2 - Four de fusion - Google Patents

Four de fusion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0154176A2
EP0154176A2 EP85101160A EP85101160A EP0154176A2 EP 0154176 A2 EP0154176 A2 EP 0154176A2 EP 85101160 A EP85101160 A EP 85101160A EP 85101160 A EP85101160 A EP 85101160A EP 0154176 A2 EP0154176 A2 EP 0154176A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
melting furnace
burner
furnace according
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85101160A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0154176A3 (en
EP0154176B1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Sen. Helbling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Christian Helbling & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Christian Helbling & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Christian Helbling & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Christian Helbling & Co KG GmbH
Priority to AT85101160T priority Critical patent/ATE38717T1/de
Publication of EP0154176A2 publication Critical patent/EP0154176A2/fr
Publication of EP0154176A3 publication Critical patent/EP0154176A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0154176B1 publication Critical patent/EP0154176B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/02—Crucible or pot furnaces with tilting or rocking arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0085—Movement of the container or support of the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0087—Rotation about a vertical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D2099/004—Heating elements or systems using burners directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a melting furnace with a crucible-like, pivotable container with an upper container opening for receiving and removing the melting material and with a heater for melting the melting material.
  • a crucible serving as a container stands vertically during the melting process within a heating device, which can be designed inductively, that is to say on the basis of electric current, or on the basis of a burner on the jacket of the furnace.
  • a heating device which can be designed inductively, that is to say on the basis of electric current, or on the basis of a burner on the jacket of the furnace.
  • the heat should reach the melting material evenly from below through the crucible wall. This results in high local heat loads and long melting times, since there is always an obstacle between the heat source and the melting material, which partly radiates and dissipates the heat.
  • Rotary drum furnaces are also known as melting furnaces, in which the flame of a burner is directed at one end into the interior of the furnace. This also heats the furnace wall, which rotates under the melting material. The flue gases and thus an undesirable amount of heat are discharged unused at the opposite outlet opening. In addition, a very large surface must be heated, which in turn entails increased energy consumption.
  • Such a rotary drum furnace is also not suitable for being used directly as a casting vessel, as is made possible by the melting furnaces described at the outset with a vertical crucible.
  • the solution to this problem consists essentially in that the container is arranged obliquely with its central axis and rotatable about this oblique axis and a burner is directed into the container opening as a heater and the flue gas discharge is provided at least over the upper edge region of the container opening.
  • a further reduction in the melting time can be achieved in that an oil and / or gas burner is provided as the burner, which can be operated with air enriched with oxygen or with pure oxygen.
  • a burner allows higher flame temperatures and thus a larger temperature difference during melting.
  • such a burner can be kept smaller in its outer dimensions.
  • unnecessary amounts of gas namely the nitrogen not involved in the combustion, are passed through the furnace and dissipate heat unnecessarily.
  • the burner and the flame and flue gases produced are designed and arranged in such a way that an overpressure is present in the container during operation. This prevents secondary air from entering.
  • a lid or a Plate Before opening the container, a lid or a Plate can be provided which has a circumferential channel between itself and the container opening for collecting and discharging the flue gases.
  • the container can be designed as a casting vessel and be detached from its storage and have a hanger with a gear for attacking a crane and a tilting movement.
  • the invention thus allows the advantages of the already known crucible furnaces to be linked, in which, however, electrical or heating must be carried out from the outside, with the advantages of direct heating of the melting material and the inside of the furnace walls by means of a burner.
  • the lid arranged in front of the container opening can be lifted off the opening, in particular by means of a working cylinder, and can be swiveled or laterally displaced. This facilitates access to the melting furnace container, which is advantageous both when filling and when removing the melting material or the entire container for casting the melting material.
  • the burner can be arranged eccentrically relative to the opening of the inclined container, in particular closer to the lower-lying container. It can thus be directed primarily into the area of the melting stock, while the hot gases emanating from it rise in the interior of the inclined container automatically into the upper area.
  • the burner can be adjustable, in particular pivotably, in its angular position relative to the opening of the container and / or in its distance. As a result, the burner can be easily adapted to different filling quantities or filling goods inside the container.
  • a coupling and, coaxially with it, its rotary drive can be arranged in the bottom region of the container.
  • the inclined container can be mounted with its drive in a pivotable frame and can be pivoted with it, in particular up and down, about a horizontal axis.
  • the latter measure in particular allows the inclination of the container to be adapted to different quantities of filling material. If there is relatively little filling material in the container, it will assume a large inclination with respect to a vertical line, so that the melting material still reaches close to the edge and the burner during the rotation of the container. With a larger filling quantity, the container is set correspondingly steeper.
  • the horizontal swivel axis can be arranged outside and below the container, for example in the area below the rotary drive:
  • the opening area of the container is thus easily accessible, so that detoxification can also be easily carried out when the container is inclined accordingly.
  • the burner can be mounted in the cover by means of a ball joint, so that it can be adjusted in a simple manner.
  • the container can have a polygonal, e.g. B. have octagonal cross-section to improve the mixing of the melt when rotating the container. This is particularly expedient and advantageous if alloys are to be produced in the container.
  • a melting furnace the container of which can be used in a simple manner as a casting vessel, in which rapid and intensive heating with good heat transfer into the Melting material is possible without the need for an expensive electrical heater which makes the construction of the container complex.
  • the heat generated by a burner can be exploited well since it can only leave the container when it has applied to the melt and the container walls.
  • the rotation of the container also improves the homogeneity of the melting material.
  • the exhaust gases can easily be collected and passed through heat exchangers to utilize their residual heat.
  • the container 2 is arranged obliquely with its central axis. It is driven in rotation about this inclined axis with the aid of a motor 5 (FIG. 1) or a drive roller 6 (FIG. 3) acting on its outside.
  • An oil and / or gas burner is expediently provided as the burner 7, which is operated with air enriched with oxygen or with pure oxygen. This results in better combustion and heat utilization without unnecessary nitrogen being heated up and removed again in the flue gas with a corresponding amount of heat.
  • a lid 9 In front of the opening 3 of the container 2, a lid 9 can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 2, which is arranged at a distance from the container opening 3 and has or forms a circumferential channel 10 between itself and the container opening 3 for collecting and discharging the flue gases .
  • This circumferential channel 10 merges into a pipeline 11 according to FIG. 1, with which the flue gases can be guided to a heat exchanger and / or a dust separator.
  • Fig. 2 it is shown that the burner 7 is arranged eccentrically closer to the lower edge of the container relative to the opening 3 of the inclined container 2. This results in the dashed-line direct exposure of the melting material 4 to the burner flame, which leads to a short melting time.
  • the smoke gases rising from the surface of the melting material 4 and the heat radiation emanating therefrom simultaneously heat the region of the container walls located above the melt 4, which repeatedly reach the region of the melt due to the rotation of the container.
  • the burner 7 in its angular position relative to the opening 3 of the container 2 and possibly also in its distance from it can be adjusted, in particular pivoted.
  • the burner 7 can be mounted in the cover 9 by means of a ball joint.
  • the inclined container 2 can namely be pivoted with its drive 5 or 6 in a pivotable frame 18 together with it about a horizontal axis 19. Swiveling up or down is possible with the aid of a working cylinder 20.
  • the inclination of the container 2 can thus be varied in a simple manner depending on the amount of the filling material.
  • the container 2 If, for example, there is little filling material 4 in the container 2, it can be set even flatter, while a steeper arrangement can be selected for a larger quantity of melting material. In any case, this can ensure that the surface of the melting material comes as close as possible to the lower edge of the container, so that a large surface is exposed to the heat of the burner. In addition, the removal of slag from the container can be simplified.
  • the horizontal pivot axis 19 is located outside and also below the container 2 approximately in the area below the drive motor 5. Thus, the latter and its connecting lines are moved relatively little during a pivoting movement. In addition, a good adaptation of the pivoting movement to the flue gas discharge line 11 can thus be carried out. However, other arrangements of the pivot axis 19 are also possible.
  • a coupling 21 and coaxially to the rotary drive motor 5 are arranged in the bottom region of the container 2.
  • Fig. 3 an arrangement is provided in which the container 2 rests with its bottom region on an axial bearing 22, while its rotational movement is generated by a driven roller 6 on its periphery.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 1 also sees a peripheral roller 23 in this case but only as a support.
  • a polygonal, z. B. can have octagonal cross-section at least in its interior. The inner corners formed in this way promote the mixing of the melt during the rotation provided during the melting process.
  • the overall result is a compact design of a melting furnace, which can also be used economically for smaller quantities of melting material and which allows high heat utilization with a short melting time.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
EP85101160A 1984-02-09 1985-02-05 Four de fusion Expired EP0154176B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85101160T ATE38717T1 (de) 1984-02-09 1985-02-05 Schmelzofen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3404548A DE3404548C1 (de) 1984-02-09 1984-02-09 Schmelzofen
DE3404548 1984-02-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0154176A2 true EP0154176A2 (fr) 1985-09-11
EP0154176A3 EP0154176A3 (en) 1986-05-14
EP0154176B1 EP0154176B1 (fr) 1988-11-17

Family

ID=6227206

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85101160A Expired EP0154176B1 (fr) 1984-02-09 1985-02-05 Four de fusion

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0154176B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE38717T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3404548C1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109945651A (zh) * 2019-05-06 2019-06-28 佛山市南海区辉泰科技机械有限公司 一种智能型熔炼炉

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1304611A (fr) * 1961-10-27 1962-09-21 Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab Perfectionnements apportés aux fours de fusion notamment aux fours rotatifs
FR2377595A1 (fr) * 1977-01-13 1978-08-11 Sertec Sa Dispositif de chauffage d'enceintes garnies de refractaires et installation pour sa mise en oeuvre
DE7922196U1 (de) * 1979-08-03 1979-11-08 Vacmetal Gesellschaft Fuer Vakuum- Metallurgie Mbh, 4600 Dortmund Vorrichtung zum aufheizen einer giesspfanne

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3404548C1 (de) 1984-11-15
EP0154176A3 (en) 1986-05-14
ATE38717T1 (de) 1988-12-15
DE3566297D1 (en) 1988-12-22
EP0154176B1 (fr) 1988-11-17

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