EP0157073B1 - Organe de préhension pour vérin - Google Patents

Organe de préhension pour vérin Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0157073B1
EP0157073B1 EP84850356A EP84850356A EP0157073B1 EP 0157073 B1 EP0157073 B1 EP 0157073B1 EP 84850356 A EP84850356 A EP 84850356A EP 84850356 A EP84850356 A EP 84850356A EP 0157073 B1 EP0157073 B1 EP 0157073B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gripper
base plate
load
rocker
jaws
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84850356A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0157073A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Wahlgren
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kaller Konsult AB
Original Assignee
Kaller Konsult AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kaller Konsult AB filed Critical Kaller Konsult AB
Priority to AT84850356T priority Critical patent/ATE27256T1/de
Publication of EP0157073A1 publication Critical patent/EP0157073A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0157073B1 publication Critical patent/EP0157073B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F1/00—Devices, e.g. jacks, for lifting loads in predetermined steps
    • B66F1/02—Devices, e.g. jacks, for lifting loads in predetermined steps with locking elements, e.g. washers, co-operating with posts
    • B66F1/025—Devices, e.g. jacks, for lifting loads in predetermined steps with locking elements, e.g. washers, co-operating with posts the devices being operated by fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gripper for moving heavy loads.
  • Grippers of this kind are known e.g. from US-A-3 203 669 and include at least one hydraulic cylinder, which at one end is intended to be anchored at a support point, and at its other end is pivotably connected to a movable part, there being arranged at the movable part opposing coneiform jaws for gripping the load between themselves in the movable part, there being seatings with guide surfaces for urging the jaws to, and away from, the load in response to the thrust or withdrawal of the hydraulic cylinder ram.
  • the loads in question here are in order of magnitude of tens of tonnes.
  • a disadvantage with the known gripper is that they cannot directly grip the load which is to be moved, and each gripper requires a separate pull rod, in which the load is anchored and around which the gripper grips. Under the action of at least one hydraulic cylinder the gripper then moves the pull rod with short distances corresponding to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders, and the pull rod thus pulls the load after it.
  • Another disadvantage with the known gripper is that they do not afford satisfactory gripping of elongate loads, e.g. beams or girders of varying width, e.g. such as being tapered or are conical along their length.
  • the known grippers require a pull rod with a constant cross-section along its length.
  • Another disadvantage with the known gripper is that they are mounted in a cradle for taking up angular variations in the load, e.g. such as occur when the free end of a beam in a horizontal position sways as it is moved by the gripper, or when a load lifted vertically upwards by the gripper starts to swing.
  • a cradle requires complicated means for anchoring the cradle and thereby the gripper at a fixed point, e.g. a foundation.
  • the grippers in the art do not allow moving an elongate load which forms an angle to the longitudinal axis of the gripper.
  • the present invention has the object of achieving a gripper of the kind discussed in the introduction, which is not burdened with the above- mentioned disadvantages.
  • the gripper in accordance with the invention shall thus be able directly to grip the load which is to be moved, and thereby make unnecessary the use of separate pull rods or steel ropes with which the load is anchored.
  • the inventive gripper shall further be able to grip loads having varying cross-section along their length.
  • the inventive gripper shall be able to accommodate angular variations in the load, thereby avoiding the need of a separate cradle, thus enabling the conventional hydraulic cylinders associated with the gripper to be attached directly to a substructure in the case where the gripper is stationary and moves a load.
  • the gripper can be fastened directly to the load in the case where the gripper moves along a beam or some other stationary member while pushing or pulling the load in front of or behind itself.
  • the gripper in accordance with the invention shall permit movement of the load both vertically and horizontally.
  • the gripper shall be able to pull itself forward on a stationary substructure, e.g. a rail, by gripping it while moving the load.
  • a slab of Teflon is preferably placed between the gripper and the stationary substructure, e.g. the rail, and the whole unit, Teflon slab and gripper, will then serve as a bearing between the load carried by the gripper and the substructure, whereby the need of separate bearing means, e.g. conventional rollers, is avoided to a large extent.
  • the invention gripper illustrated in Figure 1 includes a movable part in the form of a flat rectangular base plate 1 with two lugs 2, 3 to which hydraulic cylinders are pivotably attached with the aid of pins 4, 5.
  • Two seatings or rockers 6, 7 are pivotably attached to the base plate 1, such that they are opposite each other and symmetrical about a center line 8.
  • the rockers 6 and 7 are pivotably mounted in the base plate by pivot pins 9 and 10, which have a shrinkfit in the rockers and extend through the base plate 1, on the underside of which they are retained with the aid of retaining plates 11 and 12 and bolts 13 and 14, threaded in the respective pin 9 and 10.
  • Each rocker 6 and 7 is a plate configured substantially as a right-angled triangle with a cross portion 15 and 16 instead of its acute angle, integral with the rest of the plate and at right angles to the hypotenuse of the triangle.
  • the hypotenuse forms a guide surface 17 and 18 for a wedging jaw 19 and 20.
  • Each jaw is a flat plate in the form of a truncated, substantially right-angular triangle with its hypotenuse provided with serrations 21 and 22.
  • the points of the serrations are directed in the direction of travel for the unillustrated load, this direction being indicated by the arrow 23 in Figure 1.
  • the (geometrical) adjacent side of each jaw 19 and 20 forms a surface engaging against the respective guide surface 17 and 18.
  • Each jaw 19 and 20 is glidable along the respective guide surface 17 and 18, under the guidance of a guide rod 24 and 25 extending with clearance through holes 26 and 27 in the cross portion 15 and 16.
  • Each guide pin 24 and 25 is threaded into the (geometrical) opposite side 28 and 29 of the jaw 19 and 20.
  • a compression spring 30 and 31 is biased to thrust the respective jaw in a direction contrary to that of the arrow 23.
  • the movement of the jaws in said direction is limited by adjustment nuts 32 and 33, which are screwed onto the respective threaded guide rod 24 and 25.
  • Each rod is provided with a cross handle 34 and 35.
  • the pivot pin 10 is a shrink fit in a hole 43 through the rocker 7.
  • the pin 10, non-rotatably attached to the rocker 7, passes with clearance through a hole 45 in the base plate 1, as previously mentioned.
  • the pin 9 passes with clearance through a schematically illustrated hole 44 in the base plate.
  • Each rocker with associated jaw is covered by a protective plate 46 and 47 to form a jaw housing.
  • the function of a known gripper is explained with the aid of Figure 4.
  • the known gripper 48 includes two pairs of jaws 49, 50 alternatingly gripping a pull rod 51, and by unillustrated jacks thrusting the pull rod short distance in the direction of the arrow 52.
  • the gripper 48 is pivotably mounted in a cradle 53, and the pivot point is schematically illustrated at 54.
  • a schematically illustrated beam 55 is to be moved in a direction of the arrow 52 by the gripper.
  • the pull rod 51 is attached to the beam in the schematically illustrated manner for this purpose.
  • the cradle 54 is rigidly anchored in a substructure 56.
  • the known gripper only permits gripping a rod or a cable 51 of constant cross-section, and thus the gripper does not allow gripping the beam 55 itself.
  • the beam 55 now has to be turned to the position illustrated by dashed lines, for example as a result of the beam being a structural member in abridge with a highway curving in the same direction.
  • the gripper 48 must also be turned in the cradle 53 round the pivot pin 54 so that the pull rod 51 will not collapse due to non-uniform load distribution.
  • the attachment of the pull rod 51 must also be moved from the fixed point 57 to the fixed point 58.
  • the known gripper 48 cannot allow moving a load, e.g. a beam, in a direction forming an angle to the longitudinal axis of the gripper.
  • a load e.g. a beam
  • Such movement of a load is possible with the gripper in accordance with the invention, since the jaws 5 and 7 turn a corresponding angle about the pivot pins 9 and 10, while retaining the load between them, and the unillustrated hydraulic cylinders can maintain their anchorage and continue to thrust or pull the base plate 1 in the direction of the arrow 23, or its reverse direction.
  • FIGS 5 and 6 illustrate the inventive gripper 59, which is anchored to a cradle 62 with the aid of two hydraulic cylinders 60, 61 forming the stationary part of the gripper, the cradle resting on two supports 63, 64 such as girders resting on bridge columns.
  • the gripper is to move a beam 65 in the direction of the arrow 66 towards a support not illustrated on the drawing, which is at a distance corresponding to the length of the beam 65 from the support 64.
  • the width and depth of the beam changes at a portion 67.
  • the inventive gripper 59 performs a forward advancing movement of the beam 65 by the hydraulic cylinders 60, 61 thrusting out their rams 68, 69 with the aid of unillustrated conventional means, the rams being pivotably mounted in the lugs 2, 3 of the base plate 1.
  • the other ends of the hydraulic cylinders are anchored on the stationary cradle 62.
  • the base plate 1 is moved by the thrusting movement from the position illustrated in Figure 6 by full lines to the one illustrated by dashed lines.
  • the jaws 19, 20 are forced against the lower flange on the beam 65 as the result of the sloping guide surfaces 17, 18 until the engagement is sufficiently strong for the beam finally to accompany the movement of the base plate 1.
  • the amount of movement is dependent on the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders and may be about 25 mm.
  • the jaws relinquish their grip on the lower flange and move relative the rockers 6, 7 against the bias of the compression springs 30, 31 until they abut against the set screws 38, 39, which have been pre-set so that their is no risk of the guide rods 24, 25 becoming damaged.
  • the serrations 21, 22 glide along the beam. If the load has a section which is conical, e.g.
  • the jaws will turn during the withdrawal movement of the hydraulic cylinders and orient themselves such that their serrations 21, 22 engage against the conical section. It is also clear that if the section of the load is such that one edge is straight while the other is inclined towards it, then only one of the two rockers 6, 7 will pivot.
  • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate movement of a load by a gripper with a fixed anchorage. It is also possible directly to attach the gripper to the load such as to move both gripper and load, either horizontally or vertically.
  • a gripper arrangement with these properties is obtained by conventionally arranging two gripper base plates and their details in tandem and with hydraulic cylinders 60 and 61 between them, as illustrated in Figure 7.
  • the units comprising base plate 1 with details, 60 and 61 are in accordance with those already illustrated, and an additional unit 1' corresponding to the gripper illustrated in Figure 1 is connected to the hydraulic cylinders.
  • the serrations in the first-mentioned unit face the same way as the serrations in the additional unit 1'.
  • tandem-connected gripping arrangement is controlled to move in the direction of the arrow 70 such that when the hydraulic cylinders thrust, the jaws 19', 20' in the unit 1' glide along the tractional bar 71, schematically illustrated by dashed lines in the Figure, while the jaws in the first-mentioned unit are in firm engagement with the tractional bar.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 60, 61 then draw in their rams, whereon the jaws in the first-mentioned unit relinquish their grip, while the jaws in the unit 1' maintain a firm engagement with the tractional bar 71.
  • the tandem arrangement illustrated in Figure 7 is used for moving loads horizontally, the load is suitably placed on the unit 1'.
  • a slab of Teflon 72 is suitably placed between the base plate and the fractional bar 71 as a friction- decreasing means.
  • the unit 1' carrying the load will then serve as a bearing between the load and tractional bar.
  • the tandem-connected arrangement illustrated in Figure 7 can also climb vertically along a tractional bar, rail, beam or other unit while lifting the load below it.
  • each of the rockers in the inventive gripper is mounted on a pivot pin, and since there is no other mechanical link between the rockers, these can pivot in mutual independence in the manner illustrated in Figures 8-11.
  • Figure 8 it is illustrated in Figure 8 how both rockers may incline to the chain-dotted center line C of the base plate when advancing a beam, the width of which changes in the manner illustrated by dashed lines in the Figure.
  • Figure 9 illustrates how the left-hand jaw housing by itself is at an angle to the center line C, while the righthand housing is parallel to the center line when advancing a beam, the width of which changes in the manner illustrated by dashed lines in the Figure.
  • Figure 10 illustrates how both jaw housings are inclined in the same direction relative the center line C in advancing a beam which forms an angle to the center line C of the base plate.
  • Figure 11 illustrates the case occurring when the two hydraulic cylinders do not move the same distance during an advancing movement of the gripper, the base plate being on the skew but the housings turning relative the base plate while retaining their engagement with the load as it is advanced.
  • the base plate 1 may be exchanged for a base plate having a distance between the pivot pins 9, 10 appropriate to the width of the object to be gripped.

Landscapes

  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Dispositif de préhension pour le déplacement de charges lourdes, qui comprend au moins un vérin hydraulique (60, 61) dont une extrémité est prévue pour l'ancrage à un point support et dont l'autre extrémité est reliée de façon pivotante à une partie mobile sous la forme d'une plaque de base plane (1), des mâchoires de prise (19, 20) opposées, en forme de coin, disposées sur la plaque de base pour serrer la charge (55) entre elles, des surfaces de guidage inclinées (17, 18) étant disposées sur la plaque de base (1) le long desquelles les mâchoires glissent pour être pressées contre la charge ou dégagées de celle-ci lors d'une poussée ou d'une rétraction, respectivement, du vérin hydraulique (68, 69), caractérisé en ce que deux pièces oscillantes (6, 7) sont montées de façon pivotante sur la plaque de base (1) par des axes de pivot (9, 10), chaque pièce oscillante (6, 7) comportant l'une des dites surfaces de guidage inclinées (17, 18), les mâchoires pouvant ainsi tourner indépendamment l'une de l'autre par rapport à la plaque de base.
2. Dispositif de préhension suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque axe de pivot (9, 10) est rigidement fixé à la pièce oscillante respective (6, 7) et traverse avec jeu un trou (42, 43) ménagé dans la plaque de base (1).
3. Dispositif de préhension suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de base (1) est interchangeable avec une plaque dont la distance entre les axes de pivot (9, 10) diffère, d'une valeur prédéterminée, de la distance correspondante d'une autre plaque de base, pour ajuster le dispostif de préhension à différentes largeurs de charge.
4. Dispositif de préhension suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque pièce oscillante (6, 7) est sous la forme d'une plaque plane ayant sensiblement la configuration d'un triangle rectangle, qui comporte, à la place de son angle aigu, un prolongement transversal (15, 16) avec deux trous traversants, dont l'un est destiné à recevoir avec jeu une tige de guidage (24, 25) disposée parallèlement à l'hypoténuse du triangle et fixée à la mâchoire respective (19, 20), la tige étant rappelée élastiquement et guidant le mouvement de la mâchoire le long de la surface de guidage (17, 18) de la pièce oscillante, l'autre trou étant destiné à recevoir une vis d'arrêt (38, 39) pour limiter le mouvement de la mâchoire lorsque les vérins (68, 69) sont en rétraction.
5. Dispositif de préhension suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque mâchoire (19, 20) est sous la forme d'une plaque plane ayant sensiblement la configuration d'un triangle rectangle, dont l'hypoténuse présente des dentelures (21, 22) prévues pour entrer en contact avec la charge, le côté (géométrique) adjacent du triangle étant prévu pour glisser le long de la surface de guidage inclinée (17, 18) de la pièce oscillante (6, 7).
EP84850356A 1983-11-25 1984-11-14 Organe de préhension pour vérin Expired EP0157073B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84850356T ATE27256T1 (de) 1983-11-25 1984-11-14 Greifvorrichtung fuer antriebsausruestung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8306533 1983-11-25
SE8306533A SE449608B (sv) 1983-11-25 1983-11-25 Griporgan for forflyttning av tunga laster

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0157073A1 EP0157073A1 (fr) 1985-10-09
EP0157073B1 true EP0157073B1 (fr) 1987-05-20

Family

ID=20353473

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84850356A Expired EP0157073B1 (fr) 1983-11-25 1984-11-14 Organe de préhension pour vérin

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0157073B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE27256T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3463752D1 (fr)
NO (1) NO159526C (fr)
SE (1) SE449608B (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4961562A (en) * 1988-11-16 1990-10-09 Donnally Robert B Apparatus for engaging beams
ES2399789B1 (es) * 2011-02-02 2014-06-03 German Rodriguez Martin Dispositivo trepador para elevacion o desplazamiento de grandes cargas

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3203669A (en) * 1961-05-17 1965-08-31 Byggforbattring Ab Climbing jack
CH440617A (de) * 1965-04-28 1967-07-31 Werkzeugfabrik Selzach Ag Antriebsausrüstung
DE2314025C2 (de) * 1973-03-21 1985-01-17 Bernhard 5038 Hahnwald Ahl Gerät zum Heben gleitender Formen an Stahlstangen zur Herstellung von Betonbauwerken nach dem Gleitschalungssystem
SE391171B (sv) * 1975-11-11 1977-02-07 Hoglund Ab Kasper Anordning vid lastoverforingsaggregat
GB1548897A (en) * 1976-05-06 1979-07-18 Redpath Dorman Long Ltd Movement of bridge spans or the like
US4277052A (en) * 1979-08-17 1981-07-07 Franz Kallinger Jacking apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO159526B (no) 1988-10-03
DE3463752D1 (en) 1987-06-25
SE8306533D0 (sv) 1983-11-25
EP0157073A1 (fr) 1985-10-09
SE8306533L (sv) 1985-05-26
NO844684L (no) 1985-05-28
ATE27256T1 (de) 1987-06-15
SE449608B (sv) 1987-05-11
NO159526C (no) 1989-01-11

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