EP0162989A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines mindestens einseitig verzinkten Blechs oder Bandes - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines mindestens einseitig verzinkten Blechs oder Bandes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0162989A1
EP0162989A1 EP84401121A EP84401121A EP0162989A1 EP 0162989 A1 EP0162989 A1 EP 0162989A1 EP 84401121 A EP84401121 A EP 84401121A EP 84401121 A EP84401121 A EP 84401121A EP 0162989 A1 EP0162989 A1 EP 0162989A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
zinc
brush
coating
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84401121A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0162989B1 (de
Inventor
Robert Haaser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
USINOR SA
Original Assignee
USINOR SA
Union Siderurgique du Nord et de lEst de France SA USINOR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8192890&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0162989(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by USINOR SA, Union Siderurgique du Nord et de lEst de France SA USINOR filed Critical USINOR SA
Priority to AT84401121T priority Critical patent/ATE33043T1/de
Priority to DE8484401121T priority patent/DE3469917D1/de
Priority to EP84401121A priority patent/EP0162989B1/de
Priority to BR8502567A priority patent/BR8502567A/pt
Priority to US06/739,080 priority patent/US4594272A/en
Priority to CS385585A priority patent/CS273605B2/cs
Priority to MX205430A priority patent/MX162647A/es
Priority to CA000482663A priority patent/CA1225550A/en
Priority to SU3899255A priority patent/SU1389685A3/ru
Priority to KR1019850003769A priority patent/KR900000299B1/ko
Priority to AU43152/85A priority patent/AU575650B2/en
Priority to ES544304A priority patent/ES8609503A1/es
Publication of EP0162989A1 publication Critical patent/EP0162989A1/de
Priority to ES1986292492U priority patent/ES292492Y/es
Publication of EP0162989B1 publication Critical patent/EP0162989B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
    • C23C2/22—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness by rubbing, e.g. using knives, e.g. rubbing solids

Definitions

  • the present invention aims to remedy this drawback by improving the ease of operation of the installation for the industrial implementation of the process, which also results in an improvement in the quality of the product and in its profitability taking into account the reduced losses. for adjustment at each production campaign.
  • the present invention thus relates to a method of manufacturing a strip of hot-dip galvanized steel sheet free of coating of pure Zn or based on Zn on at least one face, in which the strip is passed continuously through a conventional dip galvanizing bath, part of the coating of liquid Zn deposited on the strip is pneumatically wiped off and subjected to at least one side of this strip has a mechanical action to completely eliminate the coating based on Zn not alloyed with iron, leaving only a thin layer of iron-zinc alloy, characterized in that this action is exerted mechanically on the coating layer based on zinc which is still liquid using a brush, at least the bristles of which are vigorously cooled.
  • the brush is metallic and is cooled by a forced gas stream in which it is placed. Its hollow central shaft is also traversed by a stream of coolant.
  • Zn coating or Zn coating is used for simplicity to denote a coating deposited from a dip galvanizing bath which may contain other metals such as, for example, aluminum in varying proportions over a wide range.
  • the originality of the present invention therefore lies in the fact that the zinc coating is brushed in the liquid state.
  • it is essential to sufficiently cool the bristles in order to cause solidification of the liquid zinc in contact with the bristles of the brush, all the more since the quantity of Zn to be eliminated is greater and the temperature of the latter higher.
  • the improvement provided by the invention makes it possible to overcome the relatively critical adjustment of the brushing height, which is of considerable interest taking into account the variations in running speed that a galvanizing line can undergo in operation. Furthermore, when changing parameters such as the thickness of the strip, one is also not required to determine the brushing area in a relatively precise manner and thus to vary the height of the device. brushing in a vertical plane above the surface of the zinc bath.
  • this advantage results in the fact that no device for adjusting the height of the brush, relative to the surface of the zinc bath, is necessary and that the latter can therefore be maintained at a predetermined fixed level in a horizontal plane.
  • the metallic bristles of the brush are vigorously cooled by placing this brush in a forced gas stream, which in practice is air.
  • the forced gas stream has a double function of cooling the bristles of the brush and of solidifying, in the form of solid particles, the droplets of liquid Zn which may be projected during brushing.
  • the vigorous cooling of the bristles of the brush is a function of the amount of liquid Zn to be removed from the strip.
  • the simple ventilation natu - Relle brush simply because of its rotation in the surrounding air may be sufficient and more so as the Zn coating liquid has a lower temperature.
  • the hollow shaft of the brush is conventionally cooled by circulation of a cooling fluid.
  • means for recovering the zinc particles produced in addition to the means for cooling the brush, means are provided for recovering the zinc particles produced.
  • the invention also relates to a brushing device for implementing the method of the present invention, comprising a support located along the path of the strip above the surface of the zinc bath and carrying a rotary cylindrical brush. the end of the bristles of which comes into contact with the surface of the strip opposite which it is placed, and at least one opposing roller for pressing against the opposite face of the strip, characterized in that the brush is placed in a housing for forced circulation of a gaseous cooling fluid.
  • this casing extends widely in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the strip with respect to the edges of the latter and comprises two zones separated by a wall, the first zone being the zone of forced circulation of the coolant and the second zone being a zone for recovering zinc particles which are removed from the brushed surface of the strip.
  • the second zone preferably comprises inclined flaps channeling the particles of solidified zinc towards a discharge conduit connected to a hopper for recovering the finely divided particles of solidified zinc.
  • the device comprises, opposite the face opposite to the brushing face, vertical deflectors delimiting vertical baffles channeling the gas flow and preventing redeposition on the face comprising the zinc coating, particles generated by the brushing.
  • these vertical deflectors are placed so that they surround the support roller over a large part of its periphery.
  • these deflectors are cut in a substantially central zone by a wall in the form of an inclined plane directed towards the strip, opening into a gutter for collecting dust or Zn particles.
  • Figure 1 a conventional dip galvanizing installation comprising a bath 1 of molten zinc into which penetrates a strip 2 of sheet steel from a furnace not shown, and circulating in a channel 3 under a protective atmosphere.
  • This strip is returned by a roller 4 at the bottom of the tank and leaves the zinc bath vertically, being wiped by a pneumatic device 5 located in the vicinity of the surface of the zinc bath.
  • the strip continues its path vertically as indicated by arrow 6 after having passed through the zinc coating brushing device according to the present invention. 1
  • This device comprises a support 8 movable in translation in a horizontal plane and parallel to the plane of the strip, for example on rails 9.
  • a brush 10 is integral with this support and driven in rotation, by means not shown thanks to a motor 11 mounted on the support.
  • the means 10 a of this brush is preferably hollow and traversed by a cooling fluid.
  • a counter-roller 12 placed opposite the face of the strip opposite to brushing provides support for the strip which it pushes back in the direction of the bristles of the brush so that the plane of the strip is slightly secant to the envelope of the end of the bristles of the brush 10.
  • the brush 10 is housed in a casing 13 described below in detail in FIG. 2.
  • This casing 13 is connected on the one hand to a circuit 14 for forced circulation of a brush cooling gas opening into a hopper 15, the circuit is put into suction by a blower 16.
  • the casing 13 is connected on the other hand to a circuit 17 for dust extraction, opening into a hopper 18 and equipped with another blower 19.
  • the two circuits 14 and 17 are thus put into suction to limit as much as possible the release and circulation of dust.
  • the casing enveloping the brush 10 comprises a baffle 20 for entering the stream of cooling gas in forced circulation by suction. It is moreover separated into two distinct zones by a wall 21 whose upper edge 21 a is disposed in the vicinity of the lower generatrix of the brush 10.
  • This zone 22 flows the stream of cooling gas from the brush.
  • This zone of forced circulation surrounds the major part of the external surface of the cylindrical brush so as to ensure its most effective cooling and is located in a position opposite to the strip 2 relative to the brush 10.
  • This zone of forced circulation cooling gas opens into a box 23, connected to the cooling gas suction circuit 14.
  • This zone 24 comprises deflector flaps 25, 26, 27, in the form of inclined planes and which channel the solidified zinc particles ejected towards the base of the casing 13 where they are recovered by suction by the pipe 29 connected to the suction circuit 17 zinc dust.
  • These flaps are preferably adjustable about horizontal axes and extend through slots 13 in the housing.
  • Deflectors 30 a , 30 b regularly spaced and surrounding the support roller 12 over a large part of its periphery are placed vertically, as shown in Figure 3, so as to vertically channel the gas stream existing on the face of the strip opposite to brushing.
  • These vertical baffles 30a, 30b form vertical baffles preventing possible redeposition of zinc dust generated by brushing the opposite face which could adversely affect the surface bearing the conventional coating zinc.
  • Vertical baffles 30a, 30b are separated in a substantially central region by a wall 31 in the form of an inclined plane, directed towards the web 2 and perpendicular to the deflectors.
  • This inclined plane opens out along its lower edge into a gutter 32 with which it delimits a slope 31 S of relatively small width and which is connected to the circuit 14 for circulating the cooling gas of the brush ( Figures 2 and 3).
  • the deflectors 30 b located below the wall 31 are arranged, preferably endenx groups located in the vicinity of the edges of the sheet, and separated by a central zone 33.
  • the casing 13 and all of the deflectors 30 2 and 30 b are of substantially equal width and extend well beyond the edges of the strip 2, as can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, the circulating current -tion gas induced around the strip 2 on the opposite face of the counterpush roller 12, is partitioned and channeled as indicated by the arrows so as to effectively prevent the possible redeposition of the zinc particles generated by brushing, at -beyond the edges on the face with a classic zinc coating

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
EP84401121A 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines mindestens einseitig verzinkten Blechs oder Bandes Expired EP0162989B1 (de)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84401121T ATE33043T1 (de) 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines mindestens einseitig verzinkten blechs oder bandes.
DE8484401121T DE3469917D1 (en) 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 Process and device for producing a galvanized steel sheet or strip not coated by pure zinc at at least one surface
EP84401121A EP0162989B1 (de) 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines mindestens einseitig verzinkten Blechs oder Bandes
MX205430A MX162647A (es) 1984-05-30 1985-05-29 Procedimiento y dispositivo perfeccionados para la fabricacion de chapa o banda de acero galvanizada exenta de revestimiento de zinc en al menos una de sus caras
US06/739,080 US4594272A (en) 1984-05-30 1985-05-29 Process and device for manufacturing sheet metal or galvanized steel strip devoid of a pure zinc coating on at least one side
CS385585A CS273605B2 (en) 1984-05-30 1985-05-29 Method of galvanized steel band production,free from zinc coating at least on one side, and equipment for realization of this method
BR8502567A BR8502567A (pt) 1984-05-30 1985-05-29 Processo de fabricacao de uma cinta de chapa de aco galvanizado a quente isenta de revestimento de zinco puro ou a base de zinco em pelo menos uma face e dispositivo de escovar para aplicacao do processo
CA000482663A CA1225550A (en) 1984-05-30 1985-05-29 Process and device for manufacturing sheet metal or galvanized steel strip devoid of pure zinc coating on at least on side
SU3899255A SU1389685A3 (ru) 1984-05-30 1985-05-29 Устройство дл изготовлени ленты из гор чей оцинкованной стали
AU43152/85A AU575650B2 (en) 1984-05-30 1985-05-30 Galvanizing so that at least one side is devoid of a coating
KR1019850003769A KR900000299B1 (ko) 1984-05-30 1985-05-30 일측면에 순수아연코팅이 없는 금속시이트 또는 아연도금강철 스트립의 제조방법과 장치
ES544304A ES8609503A1 (es) 1984-05-30 1985-05-30 Procedimiento para la fabricacion de una banda de chapa de acero galvanizado exenta de revestimientos de cinc al menos en una de sus caras.
ES1986292492U ES292492Y (es) 1984-05-30 1986-02-14 Dispositivo para la fabricacion de una banda de chapa de acero galvanizado exenta de revestimientos de cinc en al menos una de sus caras

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP84401121A EP0162989B1 (de) 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines mindestens einseitig verzinkten Blechs oder Bandes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0162989A1 true EP0162989A1 (de) 1985-12-04
EP0162989B1 EP0162989B1 (de) 1988-03-16

Family

ID=8192890

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84401121A Expired EP0162989B1 (de) 1984-05-30 1984-05-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines mindestens einseitig verzinkten Blechs oder Bandes

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US4594272A (de)
EP (1) EP0162989B1 (de)
KR (1) KR900000299B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE33043T1 (de)
AU (1) AU575650B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8502567A (de)
CA (1) CA1225550A (de)
CS (1) CS273605B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3469917D1 (de)
ES (2) ES8609503A1 (de)
MX (1) MX162647A (de)
SU (1) SU1389685A3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0249234A1 (de) * 1986-06-12 1987-12-16 DUMA Konstruktionsbüro Abblasvorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen beidseitigen Beschichten von Metallband
RU2615392C2 (ru) * 2012-02-21 2017-04-04 Кокрий Ментенанс Эт Энженьери С.А. Система для уменьшения потребления отжимающего газа в воздушном ноже
CN108779542A (zh) * 2015-12-24 2018-11-09 Posco公司 具有微小且均匀的镀层组织的镀层钢板及镀层钢板制造方法

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE33043T1 (de) * 1984-05-30 1988-04-15 Usinor Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines mindestens einseitig verzinkten blechs oder bandes.
CA1328166C (en) * 1988-09-29 1994-04-05 Hidekazu Kawano Two-fluid injection apparatus and a manufacturing apparatus including such injecting apparatus for manufacturing minimized spangle molten plated steel plate
KR20030014529A (ko) * 2001-08-11 2003-02-19 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 조선용 형강의 아연도금 후처리 공정을 위한 도막제거 장치
DE102004059200B4 (de) * 2004-12-09 2010-12-23 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Kühlen von Substraten
DE102006050702A1 (de) * 2006-10-24 2008-04-30 Welser Profile Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Entfernen einer Metallbeschichtung
EP2028286A1 (de) * 2007-07-21 2009-02-25 Rasselstein GmbH Verfahren zur Entfernung einer überschüssigen Beschichtung an der Bandkante von galvanisch mit einer Metallbeschichtung beschichteten Stahlbändern
WO2009068700A1 (es) * 2007-11-26 2009-06-04 Alavesa De Trabajos Metalicos, S.L. Procedimiento y máquina para eliminar el exceso de metal en piezas galvanizadas
CN105525247B (zh) * 2016-03-02 2017-12-08 江苏法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 一种钢丝热镀锌抹锌方法
CN105525246B (zh) * 2016-03-02 2017-12-01 江苏法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 一种钢丝热镀锌抹锌用装置

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1933401A (en) * 1929-10-01 1933-10-31 Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co Coated metal article and manufacture thereof
DE732591C (de) * 1937-12-28 1943-03-06 Matthias Leuchter Verfahren zur Oberflaechenveredelung von Schmiedeeisen, insbesondere kunstgewerblichen Schmiedearbeiten
FR1279624A (fr) * 1960-12-26 1961-12-22 Armco Steel Corp Procédé d'obtention de tôles ou feuillards présentant des revêtements latérauxdifférents
US3260577A (en) * 1961-12-20 1966-07-12 Nat Steel Corp Coated product and its manufacture
US3383189A (en) * 1964-04-16 1968-05-14 Sendzimir Inc T Prevention of white rust on galvanized sheets
US4071643A (en) * 1973-01-24 1978-01-31 The Glacier Metal Company Limited Method of manufacturing bearing material
EP0011547A1 (de) * 1978-11-09 1980-05-28 LAMINOIRS DE STRASBOURG Société dite: Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines verzinkten Blechs oder Bandes mit einem dünnen Überzug auf einer oder beiden Seiten und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellter Gegenstand
GB1602732A (en) * 1978-04-28 1981-11-18 British Steel Corp Removal of excess liquid coatant from strip

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4120997A (en) * 1976-05-11 1978-10-17 Inland Steel Company Process for producing one-side galvanized sheet material
ATE33043T1 (de) * 1984-05-30 1988-04-15 Usinor Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines mindestens einseitig verzinkten blechs oder bandes.

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1933401A (en) * 1929-10-01 1933-10-31 Youngstown Sheet And Tube Co Coated metal article and manufacture thereof
DE732591C (de) * 1937-12-28 1943-03-06 Matthias Leuchter Verfahren zur Oberflaechenveredelung von Schmiedeeisen, insbesondere kunstgewerblichen Schmiedearbeiten
FR1279624A (fr) * 1960-12-26 1961-12-22 Armco Steel Corp Procédé d'obtention de tôles ou feuillards présentant des revêtements latérauxdifférents
US3260577A (en) * 1961-12-20 1966-07-12 Nat Steel Corp Coated product and its manufacture
US3383189A (en) * 1964-04-16 1968-05-14 Sendzimir Inc T Prevention of white rust on galvanized sheets
US4071643A (en) * 1973-01-24 1978-01-31 The Glacier Metal Company Limited Method of manufacturing bearing material
GB1602732A (en) * 1978-04-28 1981-11-18 British Steel Corp Removal of excess liquid coatant from strip
EP0011547A1 (de) * 1978-11-09 1980-05-28 LAMINOIRS DE STRASBOURG Société dite: Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines verzinkten Blechs oder Bandes mit einem dünnen Überzug auf einer oder beiden Seiten und nach diesem Verfahren hergestellter Gegenstand

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 4, no. 69(C-11)(551), 22 mai 1980, page 59C11; & JP - A - 55 34670 (HITACHI SEISAKUSHO) 11-03-1980 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0249234A1 (de) * 1986-06-12 1987-12-16 DUMA Konstruktionsbüro Abblasvorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen beidseitigen Beschichten von Metallband
RU2615392C2 (ru) * 2012-02-21 2017-04-04 Кокрий Ментенанс Эт Энженьери С.А. Система для уменьшения потребления отжимающего газа в воздушном ноже
CN108779542A (zh) * 2015-12-24 2018-11-09 Posco公司 具有微小且均匀的镀层组织的镀层钢板及镀层钢板制造方法
EP3396009A4 (de) * 2015-12-24 2019-01-16 Posco Plattiertes stahlblech mit feiner und ebener plattierungsstruktur und herstellungsverfahren für ein plattiertes stahlblech
CN108779542B (zh) * 2015-12-24 2020-08-14 Posco公司 具有微小且均匀的镀层组织的镀层钢板及镀层钢板制造方法
US11168389B2 (en) 2015-12-24 2021-11-09 Posco Plated steel sheet having fine and even plating structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES292492Y (es) 1987-02-16
BR8502567A (pt) 1986-02-04
AU575650B2 (en) 1988-08-04
KR900000299B1 (ko) 1990-01-25
EP0162989B1 (de) 1988-03-16
ES8609503A1 (es) 1986-09-01
CS385585A2 (en) 1990-08-14
KR850007985A (ko) 1985-12-11
ATE33043T1 (de) 1988-04-15
ES292492U (es) 1986-06-01
CA1225550A (en) 1987-08-18
AU4315285A (en) 1985-12-05
CS273605B2 (en) 1991-03-12
ES544304A0 (es) 1986-09-01
US4594272A (en) 1986-06-10
DE3469917D1 (en) 1988-04-21
SU1389685A3 (ru) 1988-04-15
MX162647A (es) 1991-06-10

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