EP0167516A2 - Gazogène pour combustibles solides contenant des goudrons - Google Patents

Gazogène pour combustibles solides contenant des goudrons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0167516A2
EP0167516A2 EP85890123A EP85890123A EP0167516A2 EP 0167516 A2 EP0167516 A2 EP 0167516A2 EP 85890123 A EP85890123 A EP 85890123A EP 85890123 A EP85890123 A EP 85890123A EP 0167516 A2 EP0167516 A2 EP 0167516A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
cavity
collecting space
gas collecting
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85890123A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0167516A3 (fr
Inventor
Bruno Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Hillinger
Georg Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Beckmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Waagner Biro AG
Original Assignee
Waagner Biro AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Waagner Biro AG filed Critical Waagner Biro AG
Publication of EP0167516A2 publication Critical patent/EP0167516A2/fr
Publication of EP0167516A3 publication Critical patent/EP0167516A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
    • C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C10K1/026—Dust removal by centrifugal forces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0943—Coke
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a carburetor for solid tar-containing fuels, such as coal, wood or pyrolysis, which is surrounded by a hot steam and / or CO 2 -containing gas, with a gas collecting space arranged above the fuel bed for the outgassing gases, which by a at the Insulation arranged on the outside of the wall structure is separated from the surroundings.
  • a carburetor for solid tar-containing fuels such as coal, wood or pyrolysis
  • the invention has set itself the task of countering tar condensation without adversely affecting the economy of the gasifier.
  • the present invention is characterized in that the wall construction of the gasification zone and the gas collecting space is hollow and is at least partially filled with a heating fluid. Further essential features of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
  • the invention makes it possible to use heat directly from the fuel bed to heat the walls around which the gas flows, using a type of heat pipe construction.
  • the invention is of particular importance if the fuel gas generated is fed to the combustion process from the carburetor with the shortest possible line. Since the gasification process is easier to control than the combustion process, the detour via gasification has tax advantages compared to the direct combustion process, in particular in the event of intermittent firing.
  • the invention is shown, for example and schematically, in the attached figure.
  • the figure shows a carburetor with a downstream dust collector for the fuel gas generated.
  • the gasifier essentially consists of a fuel bed (5), in which solid tar-containing fuels, such as coal, wood, pyrolysis material or organic substances, are subjected to a heating process, whereby combustible gases are released which Via a gas discharge line (7) to a gas cleaning device such as a cyclone (11), before they are heated while still warm in a burner (not shown).
  • the fuel bed (5) essentially consists of three layers (5, 5 ', 5 "), through which the fuel flows according to arrow (12) in sequence.
  • the gasification of the fuel takes place by alternating or simultaneous flow of air around the hot fuel
  • This gaseous medium is blown from below into the more or less conical fuel bed, as shown by arrow (13), whereby it first flows through the burned-out ashes, some of which are still gasified.
  • the water vapor is heated to the reaction temperature, which is of the order of 1000 to 1200 0.
  • the ash layer is indicated by the reference symbol 5 ".
  • the highest temperature is reached in the gasification zone (5 '), the water vapor being split and the Carbon of the fuel is converted into CO.
  • tars are also converted into the fuels mentioned
  • the end zone of the fuel bed (5) serves to preheat the fuel, with some tar products evaporating and escaping with the gas into the gas collecting space (6). Since the gas is cooled on the fuel, tar droplets condense out and partially settle on the cold fuel or on the wall of the gas generator, in particular on the wall of the gas collecting space.
  • insulation (10) is provided which separates the hot parts from the cold ambient air. This measure, however, does not prevent heat transport, it only brakes it.
  • the wall in the area of the gas collecting space is heated. This takes place in that the wall construction (1) has a cavity (2) within the insulation (10) through which a heating medium such as steam flows. If there is steam at the desired temperature, this is the cheapest way to heat the carburetor.
  • a separate steam generation can also be provided by providing a heat carrier in the cavity (3) of the boundary wall (4) of the fuel bed (5), which absorbs the heat in the area of the gasification layer (5 ') and through Gives heat flow to the wall parts above.
  • a liquid is particularly suitable for this purpose, which evaporates at the temperature of the wall in the area of the fuel bed and whose vapor condenses in the area of the gas collection space, as a result of which the condensing steam heats the wall of the gas collection space.
  • Such liquids are known in heat pipe systems, for example based on diphenyl.
  • the gas discharge line (7) and the downstream separator or the fuel line (14) to the burner (not shown) are also connected to this heating system.
  • a condenser (9) is provided at the highest point of the steam chamber, in which the excess steam is cooled and condensed in indirect heat exchange with the ambient air, so that in the cavities (2 and 3) of the wall construction (1) Overpressure remains limited.
  • a heating device (8) is also provided for maintaining the temperature during the start-up process, in which the heating liquid can also be heated and evaporated during standstill or during the start-up process.
  • the heating device (8) and the condenser (9) can be controlled by the prevailing pressure in the cavity (2 or 3).
  • the ashes generated by the carburetor are discharged according to arrow (15).
  • the fly ash accumulating in the separator (14) is discharged according to arrow (16).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
EP85890123A 1984-06-01 1985-05-31 Gazogène pour combustibles solides contenant des goudrons Withdrawn EP0167516A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT180684A AT390446B (de) 1984-06-01 1984-06-01 Vergaser fuer feste teerhaltige brennstoffe
AT1806/84 1984-06-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0167516A2 true EP0167516A2 (fr) 1986-01-08
EP0167516A3 EP0167516A3 (fr) 1986-12-10

Family

ID=3521373

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85890123A Withdrawn EP0167516A3 (fr) 1984-06-01 1985-05-31 Gazogène pour combustibles solides contenant des goudrons

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0167516A3 (fr)
AT (1) AT390446B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102388119A (zh) * 2009-03-24 2012-03-21 杰富意钢铁株式会社 生物质炭的制造方法及用于其中的生物质炭的制造装置

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE495203C (de) * 1930-04-04 Otto Misch Einrichtung zur Ausnutzung der in den Heizgasen bei einem Wassergaserzeuger mit von aussen her beheizter Entgasungsretorte aufgespeicherten Waerme
DE141260C (fr) *
US1695914A (en) * 1922-11-13 1928-12-18 Lenah B Archer Process for producing gas
DE936766C (de) * 1940-12-06 1955-12-22 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren und Gaserzeuger zur Erzeugung von kohlenoxydreichen und methanarmen Gasen durch Vergasen von Brennstoffen und Anwendung der erzeugten Gase
GB1037082A (en) * 1962-05-23 1966-07-27 Metallgesellschaft Ag A gas producer or like reactor for operation at elevated pressure and high temperatures
DE2603295A1 (de) * 1976-01-29 1977-08-04 Lentjes Dampfkessel Ferd Verfahren zum kohledruckvergasen
DE2607743C2 (de) * 1976-02-26 1983-09-29 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Reaktors für das Vergasen fester Brennstoffe

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102388119A (zh) * 2009-03-24 2012-03-21 杰富意钢铁株式会社 生物质炭的制造方法及用于其中的生物质炭的制造装置
CN102388119B (zh) * 2009-03-24 2015-11-25 杰富意钢铁株式会社 生物质炭的制造方法及用于其中的生物质炭的制造装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA180684A (de) 1989-10-15
EP0167516A3 (fr) 1986-12-10
AT390446B (de) 1990-05-10

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