EP0185325A2 - Emballage pour liquides - Google Patents

Emballage pour liquides Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0185325A2
EP0185325A2 EP85115903A EP85115903A EP0185325A2 EP 0185325 A2 EP0185325 A2 EP 0185325A2 EP 85115903 A EP85115903 A EP 85115903A EP 85115903 A EP85115903 A EP 85115903A EP 0185325 A2 EP0185325 A2 EP 0185325A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sealing
fields
packaging
adhesive force
pattern
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85115903A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0185325B1 (fr
EP0185325A3 (en
Inventor
Bengt Jönsson
Sten Persson
David Wiggins
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tetra Pak AB
Original Assignee
Tetra Pak AB
Tetra Pak International AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE3446323A external-priority patent/DE3446323A1/de
Application filed by Tetra Pak AB, Tetra Pak International AB filed Critical Tetra Pak AB
Publication of EP0185325A2 publication Critical patent/EP0185325A2/fr
Publication of EP0185325A3 publication Critical patent/EP0185325A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0185325B1 publication Critical patent/EP0185325B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D5/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper
    • B65D5/02—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper by folding or erecting a single blank to form a tubular body with or without subsequent folding operations, or the addition of separate elements, to close the ends of the body
    • B65D5/06—Rigid or semi-rigid containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons or trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper by folding or erecting a single blank to form a tubular body with or without subsequent folding operations, or the addition of separate elements, to close the ends of the body with end-closing or contents-supporting elements formed by folding inwardly a wall extending from, and continuously around, an end of the tubular body
    • B65D5/067—Gable-top containers
    • B65D5/068—Gable-top containers with supplemental means facilitating the opening, e.g. tear lines, tear tabs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31B50/00—Making rigid or semi-rigid containers, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B31B50/74—Auxiliary operations
    • B31B50/88—Printing; Embossing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S493/00—Manufacturing container or tube from paper; or other manufacturing from a sheet or web
    • Y10S493/962—Closure, e.g. tie string, valve
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a packaging made of a carrier material coated with a thermoplastic, such as e.g. Cardboard, for liquids or the like, with a tubular main body with bottom and lid, which has a pouring spout that can be opened by opening sealing seams, in the sealing area of which, in addition to sealing fields with strong adhesive force, those with low adhesive force are arranged for peeling apart the sealing fields.
  • the invention further relates to a device for producing such a package.
  • Packaging which has a gable closure at the top.
  • Such packs are almost always made from prefabricated blanks which are equipped with a suitable arrangement of fold lines which facilitate the erection and formation of the packs by folding the fields forming the upper part or the bottom into their final position tern.
  • the container blanks are mostly coated with a thermoplastic, for example polyethylene, which is used both to make the packaging liquid-tight and to seal the packaging by applying heat and pressure, so that they are properly folded and in their erected position is tight. Milk is currently generally transported in such packaging.
  • the upper part or the lid of the known package can be opened by pulling the sealing seams apart so that a pouring spout results for the correct pouring out of the packaged goods.
  • the difficulty with such packaging is generally to pull the sealing seams apart to form the pouring spout.
  • the sealed seams of a package of this type which are sealed without special precautions are designed so tightly to ensure tightness that they cannot be opened easily, in particular not without great effort and mostly not without damaging the package.
  • the respective sealing seam is designed so tightly along the tubular main body and also in the bottom area of the same that the pack does not burst open easily even when it is opened easily. This is desirable, and perfect tightness must also be ensured in the lid area.
  • the consumer desires an easy-to-open sealing seam at at least one point on the lid. This can be described as peelable.
  • some sealing seams are at least partially provided with low adhesive force, while the other sealing seams located in the vicinity thereof have strong adhesive force in order to keep the packaging tight during transport and before opening.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to improve the packaging of the type mentioned and the device for producing the known packaging so that one does not rely on sealing deterioration agents and their attachment to certain areas in the lid and the tool for producing the sealing fields with low adhesive force is simplified in addition to those with strong adhesive force; especially since the application of different temperatures in neighboring areas is associated with considerable difficulties due to the heat conduction.
  • the sealing field with low adhesive force is formed by a pattern of raised areas that alternate with adjacent and deeper fields.
  • the advantage of this simple consideration and implementation is that only limited areas of the carrier material coated with the plastic come into contact with the heating jaws or sealing devices during "usual" sealing.
  • the pattern of fields of different heights within the plastic-coated cardboard box allows a liquid-tight pouring opening to be closed, but the opening forces in the desired areas can be kept low. It goes without saying that the web of the thermoplastic-coated carrier material or the blank consisting of this coated cardboard can be prepared in the desired manner by a pretreatment of the simplest kind before it is set up and sealed.
  • the raised surfaces are spaced apart and / or periodically intersecting straight and / or curved ribs, the fields in between being lower or vice versa. In this way, you can achieve any gradation of adhesive force, depending on the number of adjacent ribs or the width of the ribs. Conversely, a deviation from the normal strong adhesive force in the direction of lower adhesive force can be achieved by arranging deeper points, the number and arrangement of which can determine the strength of the adhesive force.
  • the raised fields are a plurality of points arranged next to one another and / or smaller areas, the circumference of which is angular and / or round.
  • the sealing field located on the pouring spout has a recess with low adhesive force. This avoids that after opening and reclosing the adhesion of the sealing surfaces pressed together during reclosing becomes too strong, so that the user has difficulty opening the second and third. It has turned out to be particularly expedient if, according to the invention, the recess is formed symmetrically to the tip of the pouring spout in the form of a bulge, because this facilitates the production of the wall fields forming the pouring spout. A bulge is characterized in that a border line of the same is located on the outer edge.
  • Such a bulge can be created from a paper wall, for example, by cutting out a round piece on the outside edge with scissors; or a rectangular box; or cut out a jagged area that looks like a triangle.
  • the more general term “recess”, on the other hand, also provides holes or openings instead of the concrete exemplary embodiments mentioned above, which are completely contained in the wall field in question, without being open towards the edge.
  • the bulge is always open towards the edge. It is easier to manufacture, in particular if, in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the recess is triangular and the apex of this triangle forms the tip of the pouring spout.
  • the opposite the apex hypotenuse could then be beautification erklei- example, the cut border edge of this sealing panel prior to the V.
  • Another embodiment of the invention is further characterized in that fold lines are arranged in the sealing fields of low adhesive force attached to the two inclined surfaces forming the lid of the packaging, which preferably run vertically into the double cardboard strips. This creates a differently designed and easy to create pouring spout. End users are easy to open and use.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved in that an embossing roller with a counter-pressure roller is provided, between which a line of sealing fields arranged one behind the other can be passed in the running direction of the packaging web.
  • the web of the coated cardboard, the packaging web, or the already cut blank is guided into the nip and experiences the desired patterns of recessed areas at the desired locations, which are arranged in a row in the running direction of the web or blanks, while none in the neighborhood Wells occur and are connected in the known manner in the subsequent sealing.
  • the embossing roller is provided with a raised pattern on at least part of its circumference, which pattern alternates with the underlying and underlying pattern.
  • the blank or the packaging web is embossed along the circumferential part of the embossing roll that bears the raised pattern, and on the remaining area the packaging web or the row can he the blanks slide between embossing roll and counter pressure roll without indenting on special surface parts.
  • the embossing roller has a larger diameter on part of its circumference and a smaller diameter on the remaining part.
  • the device is particularly expedient in that the raised fields of the pattern are spaced-apart and / or periodically intersecting straight and / or curved ribs, fields between them being lower or vice versa, or several points arranged next to one another and / or are smaller areas, the circumference of which is angular and / or round.
  • the pattern on the embossing roll can have different patterns as desired, so that the packaging gets sealing fields with stronger and others with lower adhesive strength depending on the desired gradation.
  • the surface pattern of the embossing roller can be complicated in itself, but the overall tool is extremely simple again, because it only consists of an embossing roller with counter pressure roller.
  • the invention depresses certain parts of the coated web in such a way that they do not participate in the welding or sealing process. This reduces the overall sealing area, and consequently the adhesive force of the sealing seam ultimately produced also decreases.
  • the packaging shown in perspective in FIGS. 1 to 3 is generally designated C. It has a tubular main body, generally designated 20, with a quadrangular cross-section, a base 21 and a gable-shaped lid, generally designated 22. This consists of two inclined surfaces 24, 25 and a double-layer cardboard strip, one layer of which is designated 29 and the opposite one is designated by 26.
  • the tubular main body 20 is closed along the sealing seam 38.
  • the folded gable surfaces 31 and 32 lying approximately perpendicular to the wall surfaces 24 and 25 are laterally connected to triangular fields 34, 35 and 36, 37, respectively, while fields open upwards towards the opening side 3 0, 41 and 42 are provided to form the ridge seam.
  • the entire packaging consists of paper or cardboard coated with thermoplastic on both sides, so that with a corresponding design of the sealing tools, a completely liquid-tight closing of the gable-shaped lid of the package is possible.
  • the pack After sealing, which takes place weaker over these areas 39, 40, 48 and 49 in such a way that these fields have less adhesive force and are consequently peelable, the pack can be brought into the position shown in FIG. 2 by a first step.
  • FIG. 10 In order to avoid possible re-adhesion of the sealing fields 48, 49, 3 9 and 40 of low adhesive force when the container is opened, the embodiment according to FIG. 10 is provided.
  • a prefabricated cardboard material ie a broken-off blank according to FIG. 4, but with small changes, so that the packaging from the blank according to FIG. 10 represents a slightly modified embodiment compared to the packaging that is created from the blank of FIG.
  • the same fields and parts of FIG. 10 for FIG. 4 are provided with the same reference numbers, but additionally have an apostrophe.
  • the sealing fields 39 ', 40' have been reduced, for example by cutting off a middle part 50, which is shown in FIG. 10 with oblique hatching and with triangular boundary lines.
  • the shape of such a cut-off part 50 can be different, it is particularly useful to design the section in a V-shape, the lower tip of the " V " being 51 in FIG is located on a vertical fold line 52, which starts from the intersection between the corresponding fold lines 53, 54 in the upper wall panels 31 ', 34' of the preformed cardboard material.
  • the V-shaped section 50 preferably has the shape of an isosceles triangle, the apex 51 of which lies on the fold line 52.
  • the hypotenuse or base can be approximately 25 mm and a corresponding triangle height of 4 to 5 mm.
  • the two wall panels 24 'and 25' arranged at the top of the packaging can also be provided with folding lines 55 and 56, some of which are within corresponding sealing panels 48 'and 49' lower adhesive force are arranged.
  • These extra folding lines 55 and 56 preferably run vertically upward in the illustration in FIG. 10 and represent extensions corresponding to the folding lines 57 and 58 within the wall panels 24 'and 25'. This forms a different and lighter pouring spout when the filled and sealed packaging C should be opened and their contents should be poured out.
  • the peelable sealing surface in the area of the special pattern 46 (for example, rhombus-shaped depressions arranged at a distance from one another) can be opened in such a way that the two triangular fields 34 and 35 are pulled apart.
  • FIG. 3 shows the state after the pouring device has opened completely, namely the lip 45 of the pouring spout 44 serving as the pouring spout being folded out by loosening the pretreated sealing fields 47 and 49.
  • Figure 5 the cutting of Figure 4 is repeated again, but more schematically and shown so that a simple comparison with the manufacturing tool is possible.
  • the sealing fields with low adhesive force are again designated 39 in the middle on the right side and 40 on the left side, 48 and 49 on the outside on the sides.
  • an embossing roller 1 with a counter-pressure roller 2 is used, which are shown schematically in a side view in FIG. Only a small broken-off part of the counter-pressure roller 2 is shown to illustrate how the packing web 3 or the blank can be passed between the two rollers 1 and 2.
  • the surface is shown, as shown in FIG. 7, the two raised pattern fields 39 'and 40', which are directly adjacent to one another without a distance, being approximately in the middle, to the right and left thereof the pattern fields 48 'and 49' are spaced apart.
  • Outward to the right and left of the rest of the scope of P is canceled rägerolle 1, because there is not a raised pattern field, as is seen in the side view of Figure 8 at the top of leaves.
  • FIG. 9 The detail IX in Figure 7 is shown in Figure 9. Overall, this is the raised pattern field 40 ', in which raised fields 5 (this is the coherent main surface) alternate with lower-lying fields 6 in the form of rhombuses. If the horizontal line 4 is again thought to be the axis of the embossing roller 1, then at an angle of 60 ° there is a line of spaced-apart periodically arranged rhombic depressions on the circumferential surface in such a way that the juxtaposition of a large number of such rhombus rows results in the desired Pattern results.
  • This pattern according to FIG. 9 can also be interpreted differently in that straight ribs intersect as raised surfaces 5 in such a way that the rhombic, lower-lying fields 6 remain between them.
  • FIG. 9 is created, for example, as a section of a sealing field with low adhesive force using an inverted tool, in which the rhombus-shaped surfaces 6 are raised and the crossing ribs 5 running next to them are lower, a sealing field is obtained , as shown in FIG. 5 with 39, 40, 48, 49, in which the pattern to be thought of according to FIG. 9 alternates from the raised areas 6 with the adjacent and lower-lying fields 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
EP85115903A 1984-12-19 1985-12-13 Emballage pour liquides Expired - Lifetime EP0185325B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3446323A DE3446323A1 (de) 1984-12-19 1984-12-19 Fluessigkeitsverpackung und vorrichtung zu deren herstellung
DE3446323 1984-12-19
SE8503653A SE460536B (sv) 1984-12-19 1985-07-31 Foerpackningsbehaallare samt anordning foer tillverkning av behaallaren
SE8503653 1985-07-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0185325A2 true EP0185325A2 (fr) 1986-06-25
EP0185325A3 EP0185325A3 (en) 1988-02-10
EP0185325B1 EP0185325B1 (fr) 1992-03-18

Family

ID=25827524

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85115903A Expired - Lifetime EP0185325B1 (fr) 1984-12-19 1985-12-13 Emballage pour liquides

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (2) US4744467A (fr)
EP (1) EP0185325B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0641300B2 (fr)
AR (1) AR243127A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU586449B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1238605A (fr)
DK (1) DK163047C (fr)
ES (2) ES8704390A1 (fr)
IE (1) IE58571B1 (fr)
MX (1) MX164022B (fr)
NO (1) NO166930C (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4946041A (en) * 1988-03-11 1990-08-07 Fbi Brands Ltd. Easy opening gable top carton
AP107A (en) * 1988-03-11 1990-12-13 Fbi Brands Ltd Method of providing shelf stable liquid food products & container for use therein.
EP0243598A3 (fr) * 1986-03-24 1991-11-13 AB Tetra Pak Flans pour récipients d'emballage
US5242701A (en) * 1988-10-24 1993-09-07 Fbi Brands Ltd. Method for shelf stable packaging of liquid food in hermetically sealed easy-to-open gable top cartons
WO1994025352A3 (fr) * 1993-05-01 1995-01-19 Procter & Gamble Systeme d'ouverture ameliore pour recipient
LT3815B (en) 1988-08-30 1996-03-25 Profor Ab Packaging container and blank thereto
LT3849B (en) 1990-07-13 1996-04-25 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Packaging container
AT413207B (de) * 1999-04-22 2005-12-15 Teich Ag Teilweise geprägtes deckelelement für lebensmittelbehälter
EP4063285A4 (fr) * 2019-11-22 2024-01-03 Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. Contenant en papier

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US5083702A (en) * 1990-03-22 1992-01-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Gable-top container and method and apparatus for construction thereof
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DE4102021C2 (de) * 1991-01-24 1995-01-05 Pkl Verpackungssysteme Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Faltschachtelpackung aus einem flüssigkeitsdichten, heißsiegelfähig beschichteten Kartonverbundmaterial
US5217159A (en) * 1992-07-01 1993-06-08 Westvaco Corporation Heat sealed paperboard carton having polymer coating on one side only
US5415340A (en) * 1993-12-06 1995-05-16 Westvaco Corporation Heat sealed paperboard carton having a patterned solvent-based polymer coating on one side only
ATE188937T1 (de) * 1994-07-18 2000-02-15 Derek Leonard Barnes Behälter, bestehend aus einem boden und einer aufrechtstehenden umfangswand, die sich nach oben vom genannten boden bis zur spitze erstreckt
US5713181A (en) * 1994-10-04 1998-02-03 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Carton bottom seal
US5704886A (en) * 1995-06-02 1998-01-06 International Paper Company Method and apparatus for scoring paperboard package sheets
US6024280A (en) * 1996-12-09 2000-02-15 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance, S A Gable-top containers and container blanks
US6253994B1 (en) 1998-05-04 2001-07-03 Tetra Laval Holdings And Finance Sa Process and apparatus for applying a closure to a packaging material
US6467682B2 (en) 2000-03-07 2002-10-22 Zsolt Toth Carton, a blank for producing a carton, and methods and apparatus for erecting, closing, and sealing a carton
NL1031768C2 (nl) 2006-05-08 2007-11-09 Fits Holding B V Hoogbelastbare sandwichstructuur, alsmede werkwijzen voor het vervaardigen daarvan.
US9346216B2 (en) * 2007-06-08 2016-05-24 International Paper Company Easy-opening ream wrap
JP3141440U (ja) * 2007-12-14 2008-05-08 株式会社メイク・ア・ボックス 転移位置決め治具
US8568842B2 (en) 2010-12-28 2013-10-29 International Paper Company Film for wrapping, methods of making and using
WO2012105891A1 (fr) * 2011-01-25 2012-08-09 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Emballage pour stocker un aliment liquide, découpe faisant partie dudit emballage, bobine de découpes et procédé de génération de motif tactile sur matériau d'emballage à base de fibres
JP2012236647A (ja) * 2011-05-12 2012-12-06 Hokuetsu Package Kk 開封性と密閉性に優れた紙製液体包装容器
JP2013237456A (ja) * 2012-05-11 2013-11-28 Kaneka Corp ゲーブルトップ型紙容器
US20210253298A1 (en) 2020-02-14 2021-08-19 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Apparatuses and methods for a carton opening arrangment
NO20211260A1 (en) * 2021-10-19 2023-04-20 Elopak Asa Gable-top packaging container
TWI808658B (zh) * 2022-02-22 2023-07-11 統一企業股份有限公司 紙盒開啟拉力測試方法及其樣品

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0243598A3 (fr) * 1986-03-24 1991-11-13 AB Tetra Pak Flans pour récipients d'emballage
US4946041A (en) * 1988-03-11 1990-08-07 Fbi Brands Ltd. Easy opening gable top carton
AP107A (en) * 1988-03-11 1990-12-13 Fbi Brands Ltd Method of providing shelf stable liquid food products & container for use therein.
US5421512A (en) * 1988-03-11 1995-06-06 Fbi Brands Ltd. System for packaging perishable liquids in gable top cartons
LT3815B (en) 1988-08-30 1996-03-25 Profor Ab Packaging container and blank thereto
US5242701A (en) * 1988-10-24 1993-09-07 Fbi Brands Ltd. Method for shelf stable packaging of liquid food in hermetically sealed easy-to-open gable top cartons
LT3849B (en) 1990-07-13 1996-04-25 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Packaging container
WO1994025352A3 (fr) * 1993-05-01 1995-01-19 Procter & Gamble Systeme d'ouverture ameliore pour recipient
AT413207B (de) * 1999-04-22 2005-12-15 Teich Ag Teilweise geprägtes deckelelement für lebensmittelbehälter
EP4063285A4 (fr) * 2019-11-22 2024-01-03 Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. Contenant en papier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO855131L (no) 1986-10-20
US4828539A (en) 1989-05-09
JPS61152545A (ja) 1986-07-11
AU5119885A (en) 1986-06-26
US4744467A (en) 1988-05-17
CA1238605A (fr) 1988-06-28
ES557366A0 (es) 1987-09-01
DK589585A (da) 1986-06-20
AR243127A1 (es) 1993-07-30
IE853214L (en) 1986-01-19
DK589585D0 (da) 1985-12-18
NO166930B (no) 1991-06-10
DK163047C (da) 1992-06-15
ES8704390A1 (es) 1987-04-01
NO166930C (no) 1991-09-18
JPH0641300B2 (ja) 1994-06-01
MX164022B (es) 1992-07-10
EP0185325B1 (fr) 1992-03-18
ES8707896A1 (es) 1987-09-01
ES550092A0 (es) 1987-04-01
DK163047B (da) 1992-01-13
AU586449B2 (en) 1989-07-13
EP0185325A3 (en) 1988-02-10
IE58571B1 (en) 1993-10-06

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