EP0187904B1 - Procédé de traitement thermique d'aciers perlitiques pour rails - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement thermique d'aciers perlitiques pour rails Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0187904B1
EP0187904B1 EP85113653A EP85113653A EP0187904B1 EP 0187904 B1 EP0187904 B1 EP 0187904B1 EP 85113653 A EP85113653 A EP 85113653A EP 85113653 A EP85113653 A EP 85113653A EP 0187904 B1 EP0187904 B1 EP 0187904B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail head
temperature
rail
compressed air
cooled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85113653A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0187904A2 (fr
EP0187904A3 (en
Inventor
Wilhelm Dr.-Ing. Heller
Jürgen Dr.-Ing. Flügge
Gerhard Ratz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Turnout Technology Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Vereinigte Weichenbau GmbH
Butzbacher Weichenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vereinigte Weichenbau GmbH, Butzbacher Weichenbau GmbH filed Critical Vereinigte Weichenbau GmbH
Priority to AT85113653T priority Critical patent/ATE56226T1/de
Publication of EP0187904A2 publication Critical patent/EP0187904A2/fr
Publication of EP0187904A3 publication Critical patent/EP0187904A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0187904B1 publication Critical patent/EP0187904B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the heat treatment of pearlitic rail steels.
  • the usual austenitizing temperature for these processes is 850 to 900 ° C.
  • the heating takes place in an oven, inductively or by burner.
  • the accelerated cooling is achieved by quenching in oil or blowing with water vapor, a water spray or compressed air.
  • the hardness values achieved with these processes are between 320 and 380 HV on the running surface.
  • the hardness towards the middle of the rail head drops gradually or with a steep transition to 280 to 300 HV.
  • Such heat-treated rails are used in routes with high traffic volumes, tight curve radii and / or with axle loads over 200 kN as well as in switches.
  • the strength and wear properties of the above are sufficient for particularly extreme loads. heat-treated splints.
  • An increase in strength while maintaining the desired fine pearlitic structure, which is favorable for the wear properties, by adding strength-increasing alloy elements such as chromium, manganese, nickel and molybdenum is not possible, since in the heat treatment described, when these alloy elements are added instead of a transformation in the lower pearlite stage, the transformation partly. in the bainite and martensite stage, and thus structures are formed which have an unfavorable effect on the wear properties and the break resistance.
  • High-strength pearlitic rail steels are known from the literature reference DE-Z Technische Mitteilungen Krupp, Werkberichte, Vol. 37 (1979), H. 3, pages 79-87 and 89-94, which have a fine-grained structure with a small lamella spacing and a small thickness Cementite and ferrite lamellae after adding max. 1.4% chromium and max. 2% nickel, based on a steel with approx. 0.75% carbon and approx. 1% manganese tensile strengths up to 1350 N / mm 2 in the naturally hard air-cooled state.
  • an increase in this strength through heat treatment for example accelerated cooling into the region of the lower pearlite stage, leads to the above-mentioned undesirable proportions of bainite and martensite in the structure.
  • These steels have a ferritic-pearlitic structure with a grain size smaller than 8 according to the A.S.T.M. norm.
  • DE-C-2541978 discloses a process for the heat treatment of switch parts made of steels with a composition of 0.6 to 0.8% carbon, 0.05 to 0.5% silicon and 0.8 to 1.3% manganese , in which the running surface of the switch part is heated to austenitizing temperature by means of a burner or inductor and then blown with compressed air in order to quench it in the range of pearlite conversion from 650 to 450 ° C. and subsequently in one or more stages with blowing being throttled compared to the first stage to be deterred so that the temperature range set in the tread before the pearlite transformation is not exceeded and is maintained in the region of the fastest pearlite transformation until the completion of the transformation, after which the water is quenched to below 100.degree.
  • tensile strength values up to a maximum of 1200 N / mm 2 (approx. 350 HV) can be achieved in a heat-treated condition up to a depth of 15 mm from the driving surface.
  • vanadium of the order of 0.05 to 0.20% in conjunction with the envisaged nitrogen content of 0.010 to 0.025% ensures that after the heat treatment in the ferrite lamellae of the finely streaked perlite finely dispersed precipitates of vanadium nitrides or Vanadium carbonitrides are present. These finely dispersed precipitates cause an increase in strength (precipitation hardening) which overlaps the phase boundary hardening by setting a small lamella spacing.
  • the hardness of the rails heat-treated according to the invention is thereby increased compared to a vanadium-free steel.
  • the decisive factor for the success according to the invention in the process steps is, in particular, the combination of the austenitizing temperature of 950 to 1050 ° C., which is higher than in the prior art, in conjunction with the renewed heating of the rail head to 600 to 650 ° C. after completion of the pearlite transformation.
  • the reheating of the rail head leads to a complete separation of the finest vanadium carbonitride particles from the supersaturated solution, in which vanadium, nitrogen and carbon are at 950 to 1050 ° C after austenitizing.
  • the elimination of the vanadium carbonitride particles can only take place incompletely; therefore the desired increase in strength will only partially occur.
  • the rail head is then quickly cooled to a temperature below 100 ° C using water or other suitable quenching media.
  • the reheating of the rail head to 600 to 650 ° C thus causes a complete hardening by excretion of the finest vanadium carbides or vanadium carbonitrides.
  • the previous cooling of the rail head to approx. 400 ° C ensures that the conversion in the pearlite stage is complete and that the subsequent hardening can proceed with a high germ density.
  • niobium of the order of 0.02 to 0.10% provided according to the invention hardly brings about any additional precipitation hardening. It is designed to prevent grain growth in combination with the intended aluminum additives from 0.010 to 0.070% during austenitizing heating.
  • liquid media such as water or steam, can be added to the compressed air, in particular in the first cooling stage.
  • the features of claim 5 represent an economical process variant, according to which the rails are treated from the hot forming heat at final roll temperatures of 950 to 1000 ° C.
  • heating of the cooled rail to the austenitizing temperature is eliminated, which saves energy costs.
  • the rail head is first brought to a fine-lamellar pearlitic structure by blowing with compressed air, and after the pelite conversion has ended at 400 ° C, the rail head is heated again to 600 to 650 ° C and then the entire rail (head, bridge and foot) is mixed with water or other suitable quenching media is rapidly cooled to a temperature below 100 ° C.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Procédé de traitement thermique de rails, pour augmenter la résistance mécanique et la résistance à l'usure en formant une structure perlitique à lamelles minces, en aciers avec
0,55 à 0,82% de carbone
0,25 à 0,50% de silicium
0,80 à 1,30% de manganèse
≤ 0,035% de phosphore
≤ 0,040% de Plomb
≤ 0,30% de chrome
≤ 0,10% de nickel
≤ 0,05% de molybdène
0,05 à 0,20% de vanadium
0,02 à 0,10% de niobium
0,010 à 0,025% d'azote
0,01 à 0,070% d'aluminium
le reste étant du fer et les impuretés résultant de l'élaboration de l'acier, dans lequel, pour augmenter la résistance mécanique et la résistance à l'usure, le champignon de rail est chauffé en continu à une profondeur suffisante jusqu'à 50 mm, au moyen de brûleurs ou par induction, à une température d'auténisation de 950 à 1050°C
et est ensuite refroidi par de l'air comprimé de manière que, dans une première étape, par soufflage de grandes quantités d'air, la température du champignon de rail soit abaissée en l'espace de 10 à 20 s, jusqu'à 650 à 600°C, avant la zone de transformation perlitique et, dans une seconde étape avec un soufflage réduit par rapport à la première étape, la température soit abaissée dans la région de la transformation perlitique, en l'espace de 2 à 4 minutes, à environ 400°C jusqu'à achèvement de la transformation perlitique en formant une structure perlitique à lamelles minces, après quoi le champignon de rail est à nouveau chauffé à 600 à 650°C pendant une durée de 4 à 6 minutes et est ensuite refroidi rapidement à une température inférieure à 100°C au moyen d'eau ou d'autres corps de refroidissement convenables.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite thermiquement des aciers ayant une analyse suivante:
0,70 à 0,80% de carbone
0,40 à 0,50% de silicium
0,90 à 1,20% de manganèse
≤ 0,035% de phosphore
≤ 0,040% de plomb
≤ 0,30% de chrome
≤ 0,10% de nickel
≤ 0,02% de molybdène
0,08 à 0,12% de vanadium
0,02 à 0,05% de niobium
0,012 à 0,018% d'azote
0,010 à 0,050% d'aluminium
le reste étant du fer et les impuretés usuelles.
3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on mélange à l'air comprimé, en particulier dans la première étape de refroidissement, des milieux fluides tels que l'eau ou la vapeur d'eau.
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la température d'austénisa- tion est de 950 à 1000°C.
5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite les rails provenant du passage au four de formage thermique à des températures de laminage de 950 à 1000°C, le champignon de rail recevant, par soufflage à l'air comprimé, une structure perlitique à lamelles minces, on chauffe à nouveau le champignon de rail, après achèvement de la transformation perlitique. à 600 à 650°C, et on refroidit ensuite rapidement l'ensemble du rail (champignon, âme et patin) à une température inférieure à 100°C, au moyen d'eau ou d'autres milieux de refroidissement convenables.
EP85113653A 1984-12-21 1985-10-26 Procédé de traitement thermique d'aciers perlitiques pour rails Expired - Lifetime EP0187904B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85113653T ATE56226T1 (de) 1984-12-21 1985-10-26 Verfahren zur waermebehandlung perlitischer schienenstaehle.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3446794A DE3446794C1 (de) 1984-12-21 1984-12-21 Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung perlitischer Schienenstaehle
DE3446794 1984-12-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0187904A2 EP0187904A2 (fr) 1986-07-23
EP0187904A3 EP0187904A3 (en) 1989-07-19
EP0187904B1 true EP0187904B1 (fr) 1990-09-05

Family

ID=6253499

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85113653A Expired - Lifetime EP0187904B1 (fr) 1984-12-21 1985-10-26 Procédé de traitement thermique d'aciers perlitiques pour rails

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4714500A (fr)
EP (1) EP0187904B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61157636A (fr)
AT (1) ATE56226T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1256004A (fr)
DE (2) DE3446794C1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0693562A1 (fr) 1994-07-19 1996-01-24 VOEST-ALPINE SCHIENEN GmbH Procédé et appareil de traitement thermique de laminés profilés
US6224694B1 (en) 1994-07-09 2001-05-01 Voest Alpine Schienen Gmbh & Co., Kg Method for heat-treating profiled rolling stock

Families Citing this family (20)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU86510A1 (fr) * 1986-07-10 1988-02-02 Centre Rech Metallurgique Procede et dispositif pour fabriquer un rail a haute resistance
US4886558A (en) * 1987-05-28 1989-12-12 Nkk Corporation Method for heat-treating steel rail head
US4895605A (en) * 1988-08-19 1990-01-23 Algoma Steel Corporation Method for the manufacture of hardened railroad rails
DE4200545A1 (de) * 1992-01-11 1993-07-15 Butzbacher Weichenbau Gmbh Gleisteile sowie verfahren zur herstellung dieser
CA2154779C (fr) * 1993-12-20 1999-06-15 Kouichi Uchino Rails d'acier perlitique a haute tenacite et resistance a l'usure, et methodes de fabrication
IT1274607B (it) * 1994-08-09 1997-07-18 Lovere Sidermeccanica Spa Acciai per cerchioni di ruote e per ruote monoblocco destinate al settore ferroviario e simili
USRE41033E1 (en) * 1994-11-15 2009-12-08 Nippn Steel Corporation Pearlitic steel rail having excellent wear resistance and method of producing the same
RU2139946C1 (ru) * 1996-04-15 1999-10-20 Ниппон Стил Корпорейшн Обладающие превосходной износостойкостью и свариваемостью рельсы из низколегированной термообработанной перлитной стали, а также способ их производства
CN1044723C (zh) * 1996-09-27 1999-08-18 攀枝花钢铁（集团）公司钢铁研究院 含钒合金钢轨的热处理方法
JP3478174B2 (ja) * 1999-06-02 2003-12-15 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 耐摩耗性と延性に優れたパーライト鋼レール
DE10148305A1 (de) * 2001-09-29 2003-04-24 Sms Meer Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur thermischen Behandlung von Schienen
EP1348770A1 (fr) * 2002-03-19 2003-10-01 E.C.O. Trading LLC Installation et procedé de production de petites pièces en acier formées à chaud
JP5761116B2 (ja) * 2012-04-27 2015-08-12 新日鐵住金株式会社 車輪用鋼
CN106661651B (zh) * 2014-08-20 2019-07-16 杰富意钢铁株式会社 热处理钢轨的制造方法以及制造装置
US10400320B2 (en) 2015-05-15 2019-09-03 Nucor Corporation Lead free steel and method of manufacturing
CN108778542A (zh) * 2015-12-04 2018-11-09 奥科宁克公司 在横向磁通感应热处理期间冷却导电片材的方法
CN109518114A (zh) * 2018-08-08 2019-03-26 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 带铝硅合金镀层的热冲压部件的制造方法及热冲压部件
CN109207691A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-01-15 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 重载铁路用钢轨的生产方法
CN112011680B (zh) * 2020-07-28 2022-04-26 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 一种用于铁路车轮的间歇淬火方法
CN112410648B (zh) * 2020-10-13 2021-12-28 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 一种高致密珠光体组织钢轨及其制备方法

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CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 68, no. 26, Seite 11256, 24. Juni 1968, Zusammenfassung Nr. 116634t, Columbus, Ohio, USA; E.L. KOLOSOVA et al.:"Hardening of rail steel by means of small vanadiumadditions" *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 7, Nr. 46(C-153)(1191), 23. Februar 1983; & JP-A-57 198 216 (NIPPON KOKAN) 04.12.1982 *
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6224694B1 (en) 1994-07-09 2001-05-01 Voest Alpine Schienen Gmbh & Co., Kg Method for heat-treating profiled rolling stock
EP0693562A1 (fr) 1994-07-19 1996-01-24 VOEST-ALPINE SCHIENEN GmbH Procédé et appareil de traitement thermique de laminés profilés
US6419762B2 (en) 1994-07-19 2002-07-16 Voest-Alpine Schienen Gmbh Heat-treated profiled rolling stock
US6770155B2 (en) 1994-07-19 2004-08-03 Voestalpine Schienen Gmbh Method for heat-treating profiled rolling stock

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1256004A (fr) 1989-06-20
EP0187904A2 (fr) 1986-07-23
DE3446794C1 (de) 1986-01-02
DE3579578D1 (de) 1990-10-11
US4714500A (en) 1987-12-22
ATE56226T1 (de) 1990-09-15
JPS61157636A (ja) 1986-07-17
EP0187904A3 (en) 1989-07-19

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