EP0210568B1 - Procédé d'extrusion, respectivement d'étirage - Google Patents

Procédé d'extrusion, respectivement d'étirage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0210568B1
EP0210568B1 EP86109982A EP86109982A EP0210568B1 EP 0210568 B1 EP0210568 B1 EP 0210568B1 EP 86109982 A EP86109982 A EP 86109982A EP 86109982 A EP86109982 A EP 86109982A EP 0210568 B1 EP0210568 B1 EP 0210568B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
coolant
channel
reshaped
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86109982A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0210568A3 (en
EP0210568A2 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Rossmann
Reinhard Dipl.-Ing. Strigl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to AT86109982T priority Critical patent/ATE102509T1/de
Publication of EP0210568A2 publication Critical patent/EP0210568A2/fr
Publication of EP0210568A3 publication Critical patent/EP0210568A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0210568B1 publication Critical patent/EP0210568B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C29/00—Cooling or heating extruded work or parts of the extrusion press
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/009—Gas treatment of work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods for extruding or extruding metallic material, in which the material to be formed is pressed or drawn through a shaping die and in which the removal of the forming heat is achieved by cooling the material to be reshaped in front of the die, the cooling by means of a coolant and by means of indirect heat exchange carried out in front of the die in the direction of material movement.
  • Extrusion is a forming process for the production of full and hollow strands with a wide variety of cross-sectional shapes that are constant over the length.
  • the starting form for metals is usually a cylindrical casting block or rolled rod section, which is displaced from the receiver of an extrusion press through a die opening that corresponds to the workpiece cross section.
  • the strand drawing is a forming process for the production of wire, tubes and profile bars from rolled solid and hollow strands. These are pulled on a continuous drawing machine through a stationary drawing die.
  • the manufacturing goal is a dimensionally accurate, smooth and thin-walled semi-finished product.
  • FR-A 980 781 a method for extrusion of metallic materials is known, in which the resulting heat of formation is also dissipated, with cooling in particular in front of the die by indirect heat exchange.
  • the cooling takes place by means of a pre-die equipped with cooling channels, whereby the media oil or water are particularly suggested as coolants, which are continuously fed to and removed from the pre-die (see FR-A 980 781, page 2, 3rd paragraph, left column ). With this procedure, too, only a limited cooling effect is achieved.
  • GB-A 777,845 describes a technically further distant method for metallic sheathing of electrical, already covered cable cores by means of an extrusion press, in which the risk of overheating the sheathing of the cable forming the core when passing through the press or temporarily being held in the press is reduced.
  • this is achieved by carrying out a rapid evaporation of a medium in the vicinity of the extrusion opening for the metallic shell to be formed, at least part of the supply quantity of the solid or liquid, evaporable cooling medium, for example solid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen, being evaporated .
  • evaporable cooling medium for example solid carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen
  • the invention is based on the disclosure of specifying a method for extrusion or extrusion with cooling and in the manner defined in more detail at the outset, with which the forming heat can be dissipated in an effective and performance-increasing manner.
  • This object is achieved in that in the process cooling in front of the die, a cryogenic, inert, liquefied gas is used as the coolant, which evaporates during the cooling process, the then gaseous coolant also being brought into contact with the draining, just newly formed material strand and In total, an inert atmosphere is generated in the drainage channel.
  • a cryogenic, inert, liquefied gas is used as the coolant, which evaporates during the cooling process, the then gaseous coolant also being brought into contact with the draining, just newly formed material strand and In total, an inert atmosphere is generated in the drainage channel.
  • heat is thus withdrawn from the material to be formed at the point within an extrusion or extrusion system where most of the heat is generated, that is to say in the direction of movement of the material to be formed in front of the die.
  • an inert coolant is used in particular, the coolant being brought into contact with the strand running out of the die after the heat exchange with the material to be formed. This procedure enables the discharge channel adjoining the die to be made inert, via which the pressed or drawn strand leaves the die.
  • the particularly intensive cooling according to the invention and thus a particularly rapid dissipation of the forming heat is achieved in that as a coolant cryogenic gas, in particular a liquefied gas is used.
  • a coolant cryogenic gas in particular a liquefied gas is used.
  • Liquefied nitrogen has proven to be particularly useful as a coolant.
  • An essential component of an extrusion or extrusion system is the die, through which the material to be formed is either pressed with the aid of a punch or drawn with the aid of a slide.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention is provided overall with a pressure plate (5), a die (6) and a receiving chamber for a block of material (1) to be reshaped, and a strand drain channel (14) adjoining the die, a coolant channel (9 ) is arranged in front of the die (6) (with respect to the direction of movement of the material to be formed!) and this coolant channel is connected to a feed line (15) and a discharge line (16) for a coolant and the coolant channel also has an opening which is coaxial with the die opening (12) and which has a larger cross-sectional area than the die opening.
  • the device according to the invention is also characterized in that that the coolant channel (9) is formed by a plate (8) with a channel-like recess together with the end face (17) of the die (6), and the discharge line (16) for the coolant is connected to the strand drain channel (14).
  • the coolant channel is thus formed by a plate with a channel-like recess and the face of the die.
  • the discharge line for the evaporated coolant is a tap hole which penetrates the die and opens into the strand outlet channel.
  • the discharge line for the coolant is connected to a line arranged outside the tool consisting of the pressure plate and die, which line in turn leads directly or via bores in the pressure plate into the strand drain channel.
  • a block 1 is to be formed into a workpiece strand 7 by extrusion.
  • the block 1 is placed in a sensor 10 with an inner sleeve 11 and pressed by means of a press disk 2 from a press ram 3 against a tool.
  • the tool essentially consists of a pressure plate 5 and a die 6.
  • the pressure plate 5 and die 6 are received by a tool holder 4.
  • Strand 7 leaves the die through a strand outlet channel 14 which passes through the die 6, the pressure plate 5 and the tool container 4.
  • a coolant channel 9 is arranged in front of the die 6 in the direction of movement of the material to be formed.
  • the coolant channel 9 is formed by the end face of the die 6, designated by reference number 17, and a plate 8 with a channel-like recess.
  • the plate has an opening similar to the die opening (dimension 12) but larger (dimension 13).
  • the discharge line 16 for the coolant is a tap hole passing through the die 6.
  • the tap hole opens into an annular channel 18, which in turn is connected to the strand outlet channel 14 via holes 19.
  • Annular channel 18 and bores 19 schematically represent a cooling system that was conventionally used to dissipate the heat of deformation. This cooling system can continue to be used according to the invention and is now used, however, to conduct inert coolant which has been heated in the annular duct into the strand outlet duct 14.
  • the coolant channel 9 is arranged at the point in the extrusion press at which the coolant channel is absent most of the forming heat would be formed.
  • FIG. 2 in which the distribution of the temperature during adiabatic extrusion by means of isotherms 20 is shown.
  • This temperature distribution in front of the schematically represented die 6 with end face 17 occurs when no coolant channel 9 is arranged in front of the die.
  • the position of the coolant channel 9 according to the invention is indicated schematically in FIG. 2.
  • the area of maximum heat development is shifted away from the die.
  • the forming heat is dissipated directly at the point at which it is generated, so that the die is heated up much less compared to conventional processes.
  • liquefied nitrogen is preferably used, which enables particularly intensive cooling.
  • Liquid nitrogen is introduced into channel 9 via feed line 15. There, the liquid nitrogen evaporates in indirect heat exchange with the material to be formed. The nitrogen evaporated by the heat of deformation flows through the discharge line 16, ring channel 18 and tap holes 19 into the strand outlet channel 14. Existing air is displaced there, so that an inert atmosphere prevails in the strand outlet channel.
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can be used for extrusion or extrusion of all metals and alloys.
  • the extrusion process according to the invention is preferably applied to the pressing of materials which are difficult to compress.
  • the method according to the invention achieves an optimal, intensive cooling effect due to the better distribution of the forming heat and the rapid dissipation of the forming heat.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé d'extrusion ou d'étirage en continu de matériau métallique, dans lequel on presse ou on tire le matériau à mettre en forme à travers une filière ou matrice de mise en forme et dans lequel on obtient l'évacuation de la chaleur de mise en forme par refroidissement du matériau à mettre en forme situé devant la matrice, le refroidissement étant réalisé à l'aide d'un moyen refrigérant et d'un échange de chaleur indirect qui se fait dans la direction de déplacement du matériau, devant la matrice, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme moyen réfrigérant un gaz liquéfié inerte fortement réfrigéré, qui s'évapore au cours du processus de refroidissement, le moyen réfrigérant, alors sous forme gazeuse, étant amené en contact avec le matériau qui sort par écoulement et qui vient d'être mis en forme tout en créant en même temps dans le canal découlement une atmosphère inerte.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme moyen refrigérant de l'azote liquide.
  3. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, comprenant un plateau de pression (5), une filière matrice (6) et une chambre de réception pour un bloc de matériau (1) à mettre en forme, ainsi qu'un canal (14) d'écoulement du profil extrudé se raccordant à la filière, dans lequel un canal de moyen réfrigérant (9) est disposé devant la matrice (6) par rapport à la direction de déplacement du matériau à mettre en forme, et dans lequel ce canal de moyen réfrigérant est relié à une canalisation d'amenée (15) et à une canalisation d'évacuation (16) pour un moyen réfrigérant, et dans lequel le canal de moyen réfrigérant comporte une ouverture coaxiale à l'orifice de filière (12) et qui présente une surface de section transversale supérieure à celle de l'orifice de filière, caractérisé en ce que le canal de moyen réfrigérant (9) est constitué d'une plaque (8) munie d'une découpe en forme de canal coopérant avec la surface frontale (17) de la filière (6) et en ce que la canalisation d'évacuation (16) pour le moyen réfrigérant est reliée au canal d'écoulement du profil extrudé.
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la canalisation d'évacuation (16) pour le moyen réfrigérant est constitué d'un alésage percé traversant la filière (6) et débouchant dans le canal d'écoulement de profil extrudé (14).
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la canalisation d'évacuation (16) pour le moyen réfrigérant débouche dans une canalisation disposée à l'extérieur de l'outil qui se compose d'un plateau de pression (5) et de la filière (6), et qui, de son côté débouche directement ou par des alésages ménagés dans le plateau de pression, dans le canal d'écoulement du profil extrudé.
EP86109982A 1985-08-02 1986-07-21 Procédé d'extrusion, respectivement d'étirage Expired - Lifetime EP0210568B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86109982T ATE102509T1 (de) 1985-08-02 1986-07-21 Verfahren zum strangpressen bzw. strangziehen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3527864 1985-08-02
DE19853527864 DE3527864A1 (de) 1985-08-02 1985-08-02 Verfahren zum strangpressen bzw. strangziehen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0210568A2 EP0210568A2 (fr) 1987-02-04
EP0210568A3 EP0210568A3 (en) 1989-01-25
EP0210568B1 true EP0210568B1 (fr) 1994-03-09

Family

ID=6277590

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86109982A Expired - Lifetime EP0210568B1 (fr) 1985-08-02 1986-07-21 Procédé d'extrusion, respectivement d'étirage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0210568B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE102509T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3527864A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013010836A1 (de) 2013-07-10 2015-01-15 Messer Group Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Strangpressen von Werkstücken, insbesondere aus Aluminiumlegierungen
WO2024256545A1 (fr) * 2023-06-14 2024-12-19 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Production d'un toron d'aluminium

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE92799T1 (de) * 1987-03-02 1993-08-15 Menziken Aluminium Ag Vorrichtung zum kuehlen einer leichtmetallstrangpresse.
EP0839589A1 (fr) * 1996-11-04 1998-05-06 Alusuisse Technology & Management AG Procédé pour la fabrication d'une corde profilée en métal

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2206977A (en) * 1937-11-20 1940-07-09 Western Electric Co Apparatus for extruding metal sheath or pipe
FR980780A (fr) * 1943-03-03 1951-05-17 Duralumin Soc Du Perfectionnement au filage à chaud des métaux
FR980781A (fr) * 1943-03-03 1951-05-17 Duralumin Soc Du Perfectionnement au filage à chaud des métaux
GB777845A (en) * 1954-07-02 1957-06-26 British Insulated Callenders Improvements in or relating to the metal sheathing of electric cables
GB943530A (en) * 1962-07-19 1963-12-04 Hubert Josef Altwicker Improvements in and relating to the extrusion of aluminium and aluminium alloys
DE1452207A1 (de) * 1962-07-27 1968-12-19 Baltwin Lima Hamilton Corp Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Strangpressen

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013010836A1 (de) 2013-07-10 2015-01-15 Messer Group Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Strangpressen von Werkstücken, insbesondere aus Aluminiumlegierungen
WO2024256545A1 (fr) * 2023-06-14 2024-12-19 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Production d'un toron d'aluminium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE102509T1 (de) 1994-03-15
EP0210568A3 (en) 1989-01-25
EP0210568A2 (fr) 1987-02-04
DE3689700D1 (de) 1994-04-14
DE3527864A1 (de) 1987-02-05

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