EP0248216A2 - Dispositif pour le refroidissement de matériaux - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le refroidissement de matériaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0248216A2
EP0248216A2 EP87106424A EP87106424A EP0248216A2 EP 0248216 A2 EP0248216 A2 EP 0248216A2 EP 87106424 A EP87106424 A EP 87106424A EP 87106424 A EP87106424 A EP 87106424A EP 0248216 A2 EP0248216 A2 EP 0248216A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
evaporator
temperature
cold gas
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87106424A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0248216B1 (fr
EP0248216A3 (en
Inventor
Menno Dipl.-Ing. Musselmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to AT87106424T priority Critical patent/ATE95913T1/de
Publication of EP0248216A2 publication Critical patent/EP0248216A2/fr
Publication of EP0248216A3 publication Critical patent/EP0248216A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0248216B1 publication Critical patent/EP0248216B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25D29/001—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for cryogenic fluid systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for cooling materials by using cold gas.
  • a coolant preferably liquid nitrogen
  • a coolant can be used for cooling textiles, which is inflated onto the materials, wherein the coolant can be inflated directly or after mixing with a gas.
  • This injection of liquid nitrogen into an air stream can be modified even further.
  • all these processes show the disadvantage of ice formation. It is also not possible to maintain a stable cooling atmosphere.
  • Another general method is the generation of cold gas via an air-heated evaporator, which is also used in various embodiments.
  • the disadvantage of this method is the low efficiency and the sometimes high investment in compressors.
  • the required temperature is roughly regulated by changing the feed quantity of the liquid refrigerant. Fine regulation using special control valves in conjunction with temperature monitoring did not provide a satisfactory solution.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a method and a device for carrying out the method of the type mentioned in such a way that the temperature of the cold gas can be regulated in a simple but precise manner without entailing the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that the temperature of the cold gas is regulated by a heater.
  • the task of fine control of the temperature of the cold gas is taken over by a heater.
  • the exact temperature is regulated continuously via the heating.
  • the heating power must be adapted to the cooling system and should be chosen so high that it ensures the desired temperature setting range. A high degree of efficiency is achieved through the exchange of heat between the materials to be cooled and the evaporator by using the enthalpy of vaporization.
  • the cold gas is obtained by evaporating liquefied gas.
  • the basic setting of the cooling capacity is regulated by the amount of cold gas that has been continuously supplied to the evaporator.
  • the heater ensures a stable, controllable temperature immediately after the temperature equilibrium has been set during the start-up phase.
  • the temperature in the working area for the cooling of materials is preferably regulated from -50 ° C. to -120 ° C.
  • the low temperatures of liquid refrigerants enable short cooling times, which is shown in the start-up phase by quickly setting the basic temperature. If the heater is kept closed, the cooling temperature increases according to the heating output.
  • the temperature of the cold gas is advantageously monitored by means of a temperature sensor in the cooling system.
  • the temperature sensor is stopped with a controller for the heating and thereby automatically ensures that the predetermined desired temperature range of the cold gas is maintained.
  • Nitrogen is preferably used as the cold gas, since liquid nitrogen is characterized by a low vaporization temperature of -196 ° C. When the liquid gas is evaporated and the cold gas is heated to, for example, 0 ° C, the nitrogen absorbs approx. 500 kJ, ie this thermal energy is subtracted from the material to be cooled.
  • a device for carrying out the method with a cooling device for receiving materials is advantageously characterized in that the cooling device is equipped with an evaporator and an electrical heating device, the evaporator having a source of cold gas and the heating device via a controller with an inside of the Cooling device arranged temperature sensor is connected.
  • a special embodiment of the device in which the evaporator is connected to a source of liquefied gas via a feed line, enables the liquid gas to be fed continuously into the evaporator, controlled by an intermediate control valve. Because the evaporator is arranged inside the cooling device, the enthalpy of vaporization can also be used, which increases the efficiency of the cooling system. The cooling of the material is therefore not carried out, as previously, solely by heat exchange between the material to be cooled and the cold gas, but rather heat is removed from the material to be cooled for the evaporation of the liquid gas.
  • the heating device runs as a helical heating wire within the helical evaporator.
  • the axes of the two coils coincide.
  • the cooling device is a cooling pipe through which the material to be cooled is transported by means of a transport device which is arranged coaxially within the heating device and the evaporator.
  • This configuration has the particular advantage that the materials to be cooled are in a dry cooling atmosphere with a constant temperature. Because the evaporator does not ice up, a constant evaporation capacity can be maintained, which in turn supports the precise temperature setting. The temperature deviation only fluctuates by ⁇ 1 °.
  • the evaporator and the heating device on the inlet side of the cooling device above the materials to be cooled. This results in a better adaptation to the materials to be cooled.
  • the material to be cooled can be cooled quickly or be subject to a continuous temperature gradient.
  • the heat exchange between the material to be cooled and the evaporator heating unit can be increased according to the invention.
  • 1 denotes a cooling device which is surrounded by a heat insulation layer 10.
  • a product to be cooled is arranged coaxially in the middle of an evaporator 3 and a heating device 7 (material receiving device 2).
  • the evaporator 3 is supplied from a supply device 4 with liquid refrigerant, e.g. Nitrogen, supplied.
  • the amount of nitrogen supplied is determined in accordance with the desired cooling capacity using a control valve 5.
  • this valve is bypassed by a by-pass line with a built-in cold travel valve 6.
  • the temperature in the cold room is continuously monitored by a temperature sensor 9 and the heating power of the heating wire is controlled accordingly via a controller 8.
  • this cooling device achieves the desired product temperature much more precisely.
  • a further advantage was a significant reduction in refrigerant consumption.
  • liquid nitrogen must first flow into the evaporator via the by-pass valve 6.
  • the entire cooling device is cooled to an equally low temperature until all the cooling device components (e.g. insulation, lines, Transport equipment etc.) are in temperature equilibrium.
  • the cooling device is at a more expensive temperature than in the cooling process for the materials to be cooled, for example when using liquid nitrogen down to -196 ° C. Due to these low temperatures, cooling in this start-up phase takes place in a very short time.
  • the further supply of the liquid refrigerant in the evaporator is regulated via the valve 5. Since the exact cooling temperature cannot be maintained when the materials to be cooled are introduced, despite the finely adjustable valve, the desired temperature is set using a heater that can be regulated by a transformer. With constant nitrogen feed, the required temperature, which is continuously measured by means of a temperature sensor, compared with a target value and readjusted in the event of deviations, can be maintained with an accuracy of ⁇ 1 °.
  • the use of the enthalpy of vaporization is particularly advantageous and economical with this cooling device.
  • the amount of heat required to evaporate the liquid refrigerant is extracted from the materials to be cooled.
  • the disadvantage of frosting with moist cooling media does not apply.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 2 differs from that shown in Figure 1 in that the evaporator and the associated heater occupy only part of the refrigerator.
  • the method according to the invention also makes it possible to generate a temperature gradient or discontinuous temperature ranges in a cold room.
  • the helical evaporator 3 and a heater 7 are installed above the materials to be cooled, which are moved on a transport device 2 through the heat-insulated cooling space 1.
  • the evaporator heating unit is located in the entrance area of the cooling device.
  • the cooling device advantageously has the following dimensions: diameter 100 mm, length 300 mm.
  • the cooling temperature is set, for example, to -3.5 ° C. using the heating.
  • the temperature deviation fluctuates by ⁇ 0.5 °.
  • an additional fan 2 is provided especially for sheet-like materials, which promotes the heat transfer between the material to be cooled and the evaporator.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
EP87106424A 1986-05-06 1987-05-04 Dispositif pour le refroidissement de matériaux Expired - Lifetime EP0248216B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87106424T ATE95913T1 (de) 1986-05-06 1987-05-04 Vorrichtung zur kuehlung von materialien.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863615364 DE3615364A1 (de) 1986-05-06 1986-05-06 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kuehlung von materialien
DE3615364 1986-05-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0248216A2 true EP0248216A2 (fr) 1987-12-09
EP0248216A3 EP0248216A3 (en) 1988-11-17
EP0248216B1 EP0248216B1 (fr) 1993-10-13

Family

ID=6300300

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87106424A Expired - Lifetime EP0248216B1 (fr) 1986-05-06 1987-05-04 Dispositif pour le refroidissement de matériaux

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0248216B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE95913T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3615364A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1006365A (en) * 1973-12-10 1977-03-08 Barron M. Moody Freeze tunnel
AU544052B2 (en) * 1979-03-14 1985-05-16 Hoxan Co. Ltd. Cryostat system
DD205979A1 (de) * 1982-02-01 1984-01-11 Dieter Graefe Verdampferkryostat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0248216B1 (fr) 1993-10-13
DE3615364A1 (de) 1987-11-12
ATE95913T1 (de) 1993-10-15
EP0248216A3 (en) 1988-11-17
DE3787755D1 (de) 1993-11-18

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