EP0262290A2 - Panneau d'étanchéité flexible - Google Patents

Panneau d'étanchéité flexible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0262290A2
EP0262290A2 EP87106340A EP87106340A EP0262290A2 EP 0262290 A2 EP0262290 A2 EP 0262290A2 EP 87106340 A EP87106340 A EP 87106340A EP 87106340 A EP87106340 A EP 87106340A EP 0262290 A2 EP0262290 A2 EP 0262290A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sealing
flexible sealing
hollow channels
layer
landfill
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87106340A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0262290A3 (fr
Inventor
Frank Dr. Poyda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huels Troisdorf AG
Original Assignee
Huels Troisdorf AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huels Troisdorf AG filed Critical Huels Troisdorf AG
Publication of EP0262290A2 publication Critical patent/EP0262290A2/fr
Publication of EP0262290A3 publication Critical patent/EP0262290A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/004—Sealing liners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flexible sealing membrane according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for controllably tight separation of the areas located on both sides of a flexible sealing membrane according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • Flexible sealing sheets are mainly used for sealing landfills. You will e.g. by welding or gluing to form a larger, liquid-tight sealing layer, this sealing layer separating the landfill body (e.g. waste) from the subsoil to avoid contamination of the groundwater.
  • a second seal (control seal) is placed under the main seal.
  • a drainage system is arranged between the two sealing levels, which slopes down into a vertical inspection shaft. If there is a leak in the upper sealing level (main seal), the waste water (eluate) flows through the drainage pipes to the vertical inspection shaft. Any leaks can be repaired from the inspection shaft by injecting an injection agent into the drainage system. Neither a targeted injection and remediation of the leakage nor a later check of the remediation and thus the functionality of the sealing system is possible. Furthermore, this multilayer seal requires a lot of effort when laying.
  • a generic seal is known from DE-OS 34 32 642 A1, in which a two-dimensionally connected spacer with flow cross sections open in the direction parallel to the film extension is arranged in the space between two closed films.
  • This seal allows a leak in the upper film to be recognized by the fact that eluate penetrating in the space between the two films can be determined by a removal point.
  • each point of the intermediate layer is thus hydraulically connected to every other point of the intermediate layer, so that the position of a leak cannot be determined.
  • the seal according to DE-OS 34 32 642 A1 should make it possible, in the event of a leak, to fill the space between the foils with substances which absorb or destroy any penetrating pollutants and thereby render them harmless in such a way that they are not made of the material can migrate towards the soil zone to be protected.
  • the invention was therefore based on the object of designing a flexible sealing sheet in accordance with the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that, on the one hand, a precise controllability for any leaks that may occur can be created, which can be easily repaired if necessary, without restricting the controllability of adjacent areas. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for the controllably tight separation of the areas located on both sides of a flexible sealing membrane and for the remediation of leaks in this sealing membrane.
  • the invention solves the problem by a generic sealing sheet with the characterizing features of claim 1 and by a method according to claim 9.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
  • the design of the waterproofing membrane according to the invention with a layer (level) of hollow channels sealed off from one another, e.g. Tube, makes it possible to determine and approximately locate a leak due to eluate escaping from a defective hollow channel.
  • a defective waterproofing membrane can be refurbished by injecting a sealant into the defective hollow channel and e.g. is cured. Since the renovation can be limited to the defective hollow channel (s), the controllability of all other hollow channels is still guaranteed.
  • the sealing membrane has at least two levels (layers) of hollow channels. This has the effect that the top level of hollow channels serves as a control layer, which in the event of a leak due to e.g. Filling with a sealant enables the repair, while the (at least one) further level of hollow channels ensures both the control of the repair and the further control of the flexible sealing membrane at the renovated site.
  • the hollow channels preferably have a round cross section, since this ensures an optimal relationship between stability and the use of materials.
  • hollow channels with a polyhedron cross section, in particular a honeycomb shape.
  • the ratio of cavities to cavity walls must be determined in such a way that the sealing membrane, when used as intended, is not compressed by the load to such an extent that the hollow channels are closed.
  • the sealing membrane preferably has at both longitudinal edges, i.e. parallel to the extension of the hollow channels, one side strip each for the liquid-tight connection of several sealing sheets.
  • This side strip can also be hollow channels in e.g. have one level in order to achieve a complete control and refurbishment option also in the area of the weld seams.
  • the side strips are made free of voids. This has the advantage that the individual webs can be welded to one another better, since the hollow channels would prevent a uniform pressure distribution in the welding zone.
  • the weld seams are preferably carried out as double seams, with a narrow seam-free space remaining between two parallel longitudinal seams. This seamless hissing space is used to check the tightness of both welds after welding.
  • the sealing membrane according to the invention preferably has a smooth, at least 0.5 mm thick, .void-free layer on both sides.
  • this can consist of the same material as the middle layer having the cavity channels, but if necessary the cover layers can also consist of particularly permeation-tight or fiber-reinforced materials.
  • the sealing membrane according to the invention is preferably produced from a thermoplastic by extrusion.
  • the result is a homogeneous, one-piece sealing membrane, the length of which is only limited by the transport options available.
  • the length of the membrane can thus be adapted to the size of the landfill in smaller landfills without having to connect several sealing membranes at the end. To seal smaller landfills, it may therefore be sufficient to connect several sealing sheets along their longitudinal edges to form a correspondingly large sealing layer.
  • the individual hollow channels are sealed off from one another by the channel walls. This enables a precise determination of the location of leaks, since only the damaged hollow channels, e.g. Lead eluate. Repairs in the event of a leak can also be limited to individual hollow channels and thus to a small area.
  • the hollow channels in the at least one further layer serve both to check the repair and to further check the sealing membrane after the repair.
  • the length of the sealing sheets according to the invention which is limited in particular by the transport capacity, will not be sufficient to seal the entire landfill in a liquid-tight manner.
  • several sealing membranes can also be flanged together on their end faces.
  • control tunnels which preferably run horizontally, and which later lie below the landfill, allow free access to the individual ends of the hollow channels and thus the control of the landfill seal. Depending on the length of the landfill, one or more such control tunnels can be provided.
  • a preferred sealing construction using the sealing membrane according to the invention is formed from one or more control tunnels and a two-dimensional seal that lies essentially between the control tunnels.
  • the areal seal usually consists of the following from the bottom up: a support layer, a protective layer, a lower flexible sealing membrane with hollow channels, an upper flexible sealing membrane with hollow channels, an additional sealing layer, a protective layer and an upper protective layer. This is where the landfill comes to rest.
  • a trough-like pit is first excavated for the later landfill.
  • the throat area between the sole and embankment and possibly on the sole there are essentially parallel control tunnels, e.g. at a distance of approx. 60 to 100 m, the ends of the control tunnels each leading to the edge of the landfill.
  • the tunnels can be entered later from portals and the seal checked for leaks.
  • the control tunnels exist e.g. consisting of a sole part and a ridge part.
  • the sole parts are placed on the formation e.g. poured in in-situ concrete.
  • a support layer is applied, compacted and leveled between the tunnel and in the area of the embankments.
  • a protective layer e.g. protective fleece
  • the fleece strips overlap one another over a width of at least 5 cm.
  • a first layer of flexible sealing sheets which has hollow channels in one plane, is laid on this protective layer.
  • the individual strips are spread out with their side strips overlapping and thermally welded to one another along the side strips.
  • the surfaces are heated to the yield point of the material and joined under pressure. This welding is preferably carried out as a double seam. This gives the possibility of strengthening the joint with the help of compressed air, which is pressed into the air duct in between. check.
  • the length of a control lane extends from control tunnels to control tunnels or from control tunnels to the landfill edge.
  • the individual sheets run at right angles to the control tunnel axis and extend with their end faces approx. 5 cm into the tunnel.
  • the first flexible Sealing layer After examining the seams comes the first flexible Sealing layer to lay a second (upper) layer of flexible sealing sheets with a plane of hollow channels. The laying procedure corresponds to that of the lower sealing layer, but the seams should be arranged from the upper to the lower sealing layer. All seams must be checked before starting further work.
  • Ridge parts are placed as prefabricated parts or cast as in-situ concrete parts on the sole parts of the control tunnels. Between the two parts, the flexible waterproofing membranes lie on two levels, with the end faces of the individual membranes protruding approx. 5 cm into the tunnel.
  • brackets allow free access to the ends of the hollow channels of the flexible sealing membrane
  • a further, conventional seal is placed on the upper layer of flexible sealing sheets. It seals the tunnels in the area of the roof and preferably runs over the entire landfill base.
  • the flexible sealing sheets according to the invention merely take on a control function, while the upper, conventional sealing layer ensures the actual landfill sealing.
  • the underlying sealing layers according to the invention act as independent seals with the possibility of checking.
  • the seams of the top sealing layer must also be checked for leaks.
  • a protective layer is placed on this uppermost sealing layer, which protects the sealing against consequential damage.
  • the entire sealing layer consisting of protective, sealing and the two flexible sealing layers with their hollow channels, is provided with a further protective layer.
  • the seal is provided with a solid protective layer, e.g. 10.5 cm thick masonry with mortar joints or pressure-resistant building boards. Between the tunnels, the protective layer consists of an approx. 30 cm thick layer of sand. A layer of fine waste (e.g. household waste) that is at least 50 cm thick is applied. The landfill is stored above this fine waste layer according to the landfill category.
  • a solid protective layer e.g. 10.5 cm thick masonry with mortar joints or pressure-resistant building boards.
  • the protective layer consists of an approx. 30 cm thick layer of sand.
  • a layer of fine waste e.g. household waste
  • the landfill is stored above this fine waste layer according to the landfill category.
  • the sealing layer preferably runs with a slight slope, so that if the sealing layer and the flexible sealing layer with hollow channels are damaged, landfill leachate (or eluate) can flow in the control tunnels along the damaged hollow channels. Damage to the sealing layer can thus be detected at an early stage by the leakage of leachate in the control tunnels, so that appropriate remedial measures can be taken.
  • a sealing compound for example DYNAGROUT PPN R from the applicant (corresponding to DE-PS 33 29 403-C1), whereby the sealant then hardens or sets. In this way, the damaged flexible sealing sheets can be reliably repaired. Due to the hollow channels in the lower flexible waterproofing membrane, both the success of the renovation and possible further damage to the waterproofing membrane can be determined.
  • control tunnels which preferably run with a slight slope, and which are later located below the landfill, allow free access to the individual ends of the hollow channels and thus control of the landfill seal. According to the One or more such control tunnels can be provided along the length of the landfill.
  • the small longitudinal gradient of the control gallery allows the leakage water to be collected in a pump sump. If necessary, leaks can be reported directly to a control center via a float switch.
  • a trough-shaped landfill is created.
  • the flat, flexible sealing layer 1 (FIG. 3) is used, which consists of several flexible sealing sheets 11 welded together along their longitudinal edges.
  • the flexible sealing sheets 11 used are produced from HDPE by extrusion, but other, preferably thermoplastic materials, in particular Ueich-PUC or chlorinated polyethylene, can also be used.
  • thermoplastic materials in particular Ueich-PUC or chlorinated polyethylene.
  • the choice of material for the person skilled in the art is based on the particular requirements of the landfill.
  • the dimensions of the individual flexible sealing sheets 11 are 60 m ⁇ 2 m ⁇ 12 mm (length x width x height).
  • the flexible sealing sheets 11 used each have an approximately 5 cm wide and approximately 3 mm thick, void-free strip 12 on each of their longitudinal edges (FIG. 1).
  • the flexible sealing membrane 11 has round hollow channels 15 in two planes 16, 17 (layers).
  • the diameter of the individual hollow channels 15 is approximately 5 mm, the lateral spacing of the hollow channels 15 from one another is 6 mm, so that the minimum channel wall thickness is 1 mm.
  • the hollow channels 15 of the individual levels 16, 17 are preferably arranged offset to one another in order to achieve maximum strength of the sealing membrane with minimal use of materials. At the same time, this ensures that if the sealing membrane 11 is damaged, at least one of the hollow channels 15 is penetrated with certainty before a continuous connection between the landfill body 3 and the subsurface 6 is created.
  • the flexible sealing membrane 11 has an at least 1 mm thick, void-free layer 18 on each side. These void-free layers 18 - seen from their function - together with the middle layer 19 formed by the hollow channel walls form a three-layer seal with intermediate hollow channel layers 16, 17 (FIG. 1).
  • the membranes When laying the flexible sealing membrane 11 on the prepared substrate 6, the membranes are spread out with their side strips 12 overlapping and thermally welded to one another (FIG. 2). The surfaces are heated to the yield point of the material and joined under pressure. This welding is preferably carried out as a double seam 13. This makes it possible to test the joint for strength and tightness with the aid of compressed air which is pressed into the intermediate air duct 14.
  • a control tunnel 2 is provided approximately every 60 m, into which the sealing sheets 11 open with their end faces (FIG. 3, FIG. 4).
  • the control tunnels 2 run essentially parallel, i.e. at a distance of approx. 60 m and are guided with both ends to the landfill edge 4 (FIG. 4).
  • the tunnels can be entered from the portals 5 and the seal checked for leaks.
  • the studs 2 are assembled from prefabricated concrete parts and consist of a sole part 21 and a ridge part 22 (FIG. 5).
  • the sole part is placed on an in-situ concrete foundation 23.
  • the flexible sealing layer 1 comes to lie between the two prefabricated concrete parts 21 and 22, the end faces of the individual flexible sealing sheets 11 protruding approximately 5 cm into the tunnel 2.
  • brackets 24 are passed through brackets 24 into the soleplate 21. These brackets allow free access to the ends of the hollow channels 15 of the sealing sheets 11.
  • the flexible sealing membrane 11 is interrupted in the area of the control tunnel 2. For this reason, the control gallery must be provided with a polymeric seal 26 separately. It has the same raw material base as the sealing sheets 11 and is permanently connected to it in the throat area 33 in a liquid-tight manner. In the area of the tunnel 2, the seal 26 is provided with a solid protective layer 25, e.g. made of 11.5 cm thick masonry with mortar joints or pressure-resistant building boards.
  • the seal consists of a 10 cm thick support layer 32 made of sand, which comes to lie directly above the ground level 34 (FIG. 6, FIG. 7).
  • the flexible sealing layer 1 is laid on the compressed support layer 32 by rolling out and liquid-tight welding of the individual flexible sealing sheets 11 .
  • a 30 cm thick protective layer 35 made of sand follows above the sealing layer 11.
  • a layer of fine waste (for example domestic waste) 36 is applied thereon, which is at least 50 cm thick.
  • the landfill 3 is stored above this fine waste layer according to the landfill category (FIG. 6).
  • an additional sealing layer can be used for heavily loaded landfills (Figure 7).
  • the structure essentially corresponds to FIG. 6, but a second sealing layer 37 is arranged above the sealing layer 11.
  • This can preferably consist of a high-polymer sealing membrane or a mineral layer (clay).
  • the flexible sealing layer 1 preferably runs with a slight slope, so that if the sealing layer 1 is damaged, landfill leachate or eluate can flow along the damaged hollow channels 15 in the control tunnels 2. Damage to the sealing layer 1 can thus be recognized at an early stage by the leakage of leachate in the control gallery 2, so that appropriate remedial measures can be taken. For this purpose, provision is made, for example, to introduce a sealing compound into the damaged hollow channels, which then hardens or sets. In this way, the damaged sealing layer 1 can be reliably repaired. Due to the hollow channels lying in the lower level, both the success of the renovation and possible further damage to the sealing membrane 1 can be determined.
  • a landfill is sealed by means of a flexible sealing sheet 11 according to the invention, which has only one level of hollow channels (FIG. 11).
  • Example 1 The procedure largely corresponds to that of Example 1, only a different layer structure according to FIG. 9 is used.
  • the pit for the later landfill will be excavated like a tub.
  • the control studs 2 run essentially parallel, i.e. at a distance of approx. 60 to 100 m and are led to the landfill edge 4 with both ends. From the portals 5, the checkpoints 2 can be entered later and the seal checked for leaks.
  • the lower parts 21 of the control gallery 2 are placed on the earth level 34 e.g. poured in in-situ concrete.
  • a support layer 32 is applied, compacted and leveled between the tunnels 2 and in the area of the embankments.
  • the ends of the protective layer 27 each end on the control gallery wall.
  • the fleece strips 27 overlap one another by at least 5 cm.
  • a lower flexible sealing membrane 11 according to FIG. 11 is laid on the protective layer 27.
  • the webs are spread out with their side strips 12 overlapping and thermally welded together.
  • the surfaces are heated to the yield point of the material and joined under pressure.
  • This welding is preferably carried out as a double seam. This enables the joint to be checked for strength and tightness using compressed air that is pressed into the air duct in between.
  • the length of a sealing membrane 11 extends from inspection tunnel 2 to inspection tunnel 2 or from inspection tunnel 2 to the edge of the landfill 4.
  • the individual membranes run at right angles to the inspection tunnel axis and extend with their end faces approximately 5 cm into tunnel 2.
  • the ridge parts 22 are placed as prefabricated parts or cast as in-situ concrete parts on the sole parts 21 of the control tunnels 2.
  • the flexible sealing sheets 11 lie between the two parts, the end faces of the individual sheets 11 projecting approximately 5 cm into the tunnels 2 (FIG. 10).
  • brackets 24 allow free access to the ends of the hollow channels 15 of the sealing sheets 11.
  • the entire sealing layer consisting of protective layer 28, sealing layer 37 and the flexible sealing layers 11, is provided with a protective layer 35.
  • the seal is provided with a solid protective layer 25, e.g. made of 11.5 cm thick masonry with mortar joints or pressure-resistant building boards.
  • the protective layer 35 consists of a 30 cm thick layer of sand.
  • a layer of fine waste 36 e.g. household waste
  • the landfill 3 is stored above this fine waste layer according to the landfill category.
  • the sealing layer preferably runs with a slight slope, so that if the sealing layer 37 and the upper flexible sealing layer 11 are damaged, landfill leachate, for example eluate, can flow along the damaged hollow channels 15 in the control tunnels 2.
  • landfill leachate for example eluate
  • damage to the sealing layer can thus be recognized at an early stage, so that appropriate remedial measures can be taken.
  • control tunnels 2 which preferably run with a slight gradient, and which are later located below the landfill, allow free access to the individual levels of the hollow channels and thus the controls of the landfill sealing. Depending on the length of the landfill, one or more such tunnels can be provided.
  • the small longitudinal gradient of the control tunnel allows the leakage water to be collected in a pump sump. Leakages can be reported directly to the control center via a float switch.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
EP87106340A 1986-09-27 1987-05-02 Panneau d'étanchéité flexible Withdrawn EP0262290A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3632951 1986-09-27
DE19863632951 DE3632951A1 (de) 1986-09-27 1986-09-27 Flexible abdichtungsbahn

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0262290A2 true EP0262290A2 (fr) 1988-04-06
EP0262290A3 EP0262290A3 (fr) 1988-09-28

Family

ID=6310539

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87106340A Withdrawn EP0262290A3 (fr) 1986-09-27 1987-05-02 Panneau d'étanchéité flexible

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4966492A (fr)
EP (1) EP0262290A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6397282A (fr)
DE (1) DE3632951A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

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WO1992016316A1 (fr) * 1991-03-22 1992-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Element pour l'etancheification et la surveillance d'un corps, en particulier d'une decharge de dechets
DE4213585A1 (de) * 1992-04-24 1993-10-28 Siemens Ag Überwachungseinrichtung für eine Mülldeponie und Verfahren zur Leckageortung

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DE4101565A1 (de) * 1991-01-21 1992-07-30 Richter Hans Verfahren und vorrichtung zum kontrollieren und reparieren von abdichtungen
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CA2503216C (fr) * 2004-04-06 2012-11-27 Claude J. Degarie Reservoir recouvert d'une membrane a ecoutille integree
US8944720B2 (en) * 2011-10-07 2015-02-03 D.A. Nolt, Inc. Fluid containment and management system
PT3175045T (pt) * 2014-07-31 2019-01-23 Carpi Tech Bv Método, revestimento à prova de água e painéis à prova de água para instalação em bacias e canais
US10837605B2 (en) * 2016-11-10 2020-11-17 Mitigation And Resilience Strategies, Llc Pipeline environmental barrier system
US10954645B2 (en) * 2019-08-23 2021-03-23 Christopher DeBlauw System and apparatus for driving piles
CN112796351A (zh) * 2021-02-04 2021-05-14 中科鼎实环境工程有限公司 柔性垂向防渗墙系统连接用互锁密封装置与方法
CN115059022B (zh) * 2022-05-18 2023-09-26 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种防止防渗土工膜鼓胀的方法

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992016316A1 (fr) * 1991-03-22 1992-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Element pour l'etancheification et la surveillance d'un corps, en particulier d'une decharge de dechets
DE4213585A1 (de) * 1992-04-24 1993-10-28 Siemens Ag Überwachungseinrichtung für eine Mülldeponie und Verfahren zur Leckageortung
US5570974A (en) * 1992-04-24 1996-11-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Assembly for monitoring a landfill and a method of locating leaks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0262290A3 (fr) 1988-09-28
US4966492A (en) 1990-10-30
JPS6397282A (ja) 1988-04-27
DE3632951A1 (de) 1988-03-31

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