EP0270271A2 - Kleben von halogenierten organischen Formmassen - Google Patents

Kleben von halogenierten organischen Formmassen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0270271A2
EP0270271A2 EP87310017A EP87310017A EP0270271A2 EP 0270271 A2 EP0270271 A2 EP 0270271A2 EP 87310017 A EP87310017 A EP 87310017A EP 87310017 A EP87310017 A EP 87310017A EP 0270271 A2 EP0270271 A2 EP 0270271A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
group
substrate
halocarbon
groups
organo
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87310017A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0270271B1 (de
EP0270271A3 (en
Inventor
Gerald Sugerman
Salvatore Joseph Monte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kenrich Petrochemicals Inc
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Kenrich Petrochemicals Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kenrich Petrochemicals Inc filed Critical Kenrich Petrochemicals Inc
Priority to AT87310017T priority Critical patent/ATE79642T1/de
Publication of EP0270271A2 publication Critical patent/EP0270271A2/de
Publication of EP0270271A3 publication Critical patent/EP0270271A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0270271B1 publication Critical patent/EP0270271B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/12—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31536—Including interfacial reaction product of adjacent layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/3154—Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/3154—Of fluorinated addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31544—Addition polymer is perhalogenated
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
    • Y10T428/31739—Nylon type
    • Y10T428/31743—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomer[s]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
    • Y10T428/3175—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomer[s]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
    • Y10T428/31797—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31913—Monoolefin polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31909—Next to second addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31924—Including polyene monomers

Definitions

  • halocarbons may be readily bonded to a variety of substrates by treating their interface with selected neoalkoxy zirconate compounds. While the mechanism of this unexpected finding is not exactly clear, it is believed that the efficacy of the invention is based on the ability of the zirconate atom to extract the halogen atom from the organic material and replace the halogen with another ligand which is readily bonded to the substrate.
  • halogenated organo-materials are more effectively bonded to the substrate, such materials can be firmly bonded to substrates other than fibers and fabrics, and such materials give improved results in bonding to nylon.
  • Halocarbons such as Teflon consist essentially of a carbon-to-carbon backbone having appendant halogen atoms attached thereto. Because of the stability of the carbon-to-­halogen bond, these compounds have been found to be highly resistant to adhesion. It is well known, for example, that such materials are used where resistance to sticking is desirable. For example, pots and pans are frequently clad with such materials.
  • fluorinated compounds may be used, such as those containing a saturated aliphatic radical which contains 3 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 12, and a carbon-bonded fluorine content of 40-78 wt. %, perferably 50-77 wt. %.
  • the aliphatic radical is perfluoroalkyl, C n F 2n+1 .
  • fluorochemicals and their preparation are well known and may be prepared by reacting a precursor fluoroamine or alcohol with a suitable anhydride or isocyanate, for example, the reaction of N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoethanol and 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate in a mole ratio of 2:1 to provide a bis-urethane polymer containing 15 to 30% by weight fluorine.
  • Other compounds include those formed by reacting polymethacrylate with the C4 to C12 product formed by reacting tetrafluoroethylene with a chain transfer agent such as HO-CH2CH2-Cl. Normally, while sufficient chain transfer agent is added to provide a desired chain length (e.g., C8), the product also contains C4 to C8 and C8 to C12 compounds.
  • the organo-zirconates useful in the subject invention may be represented by the formulas: with respect to the neoalkoxy zirconates of Formula I, R, R1 and R2 are each a monovalent alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aralkyl, aryl or alkaryl group having up to 20 carbon atoms or a halogen or ether substituted derivative thereof, and, in addition, R2 may also be an oxy derivative of said groups.
  • the various R, R1 and R2 may each contain up to 3 ether oxygen or halogen substituents, provided the total number of carbon atoms for each such R group does not exceed 20, inclusive of the carbon atoms contained in substituent portions.
  • Each A group may be independently selected from diester phosphate (R3O)(R4O)P(O)O-), diester pyrophosphate ((R3O)(R4O)P(O)OP(O)), oxyalkylamino (R5R6NR7O-), or sulfonyl (ArS(O)2O-).
  • Each group may contain up to 30 carbon atoms.
  • Ar in the above formulas, may be a monovalent aryl or alkaryl group having from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, optionally containing up to 3 ether oxygen substituents, and substituted derivatives thereof wherein the substitutions are up to a total of 3 halogens or amino groups having the formula NR8R9 wherein R8 and R9 are each hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having from 3 to 12 carbons atoms, an an aryl group having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms; and R3 and R4 may each be the same group as R, R1 and Ar.
  • R5 and R6 may be hydrogen, an alkyl or aminoalkyl group having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms and R7 may be an alkylene group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an arylene group having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms or a combination thereof.
  • A is as defined above; B is an R ⁇ 2C group or a carbonyl group; R ⁇ is a hydrogen or hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and n is 1 or 2.
  • R, R1 and R2 groups are alkyl having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; aryl and aralkyl having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, such as benzyl, phenyl, naphthyl, tolyl, xylyl; halogen-substituted aryl such as bromophenyl; allyloxy-substituted alkyl having from 4 to 20 carbon atoms; and allyloxy-substituted aryl having from 9 to 20 carbon atoms.
  • R2 is an oxy derivative
  • the most preferred compounds are the alkoxy derivatives having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and the phenoxy group.
  • R3 and R4 groups are alkyl groups having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, aryl and alkaryl group having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms and ether-substituted alkyl having from 3 to 12 carbon atoms.
  • R, R1, R2, R3 and R4 groups are: methyl, propyl, cyclohexyl, 2,4-dimethoxybenzyl, 1-methyl-4-ace­naphthyl-2-ethyl-2-furyl and methallyl.
  • R2, in addition, may be methoxy, phenoxy, naphthenoxy, cyclohexene-3-oxy, 4-isobutyl-­3-methoxy, 1-phenanthroxy and 2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy.
  • a ligands useful in the practice of this invention are likewise numerous. These include diester phosphates such as dibutyl, methylphenyl, cyclohexyl, lauryl and bismethoxyethoxyethyl phosphate and their pyrophosphate analogs as well as aryl sulfonyl groups such as phenylsulfonyl, 2,4-dibutyl-1-naphthalene sulfonyl and 1-methyl-3-ethyl-4-­phenanthryl sulfonyl.
  • diester phosphates such as dibutyl, methylphenyl, cyclohexyl, lauryl and bismethoxyethoxyethyl phosphate and their pyrophosphate analogs as well as aryl sulfonyl groups such as phenylsulfonyl, 2,4-dibutyl-1-naphthalene sulfonyl and 1-methyl
  • each A is as defined in Formula II
  • (RO) is defined as for R, R ⁇ , R2CCH2O in Formula II
  • D, E and G are each monovalent ligands independently chosen from among hydrogen, halogen or monovalent hydrocarbyl groups having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms each
  • n represents the repeating units in the organic chain and may be from 1 to 10,000, preferably from 1 to 1,000.
  • the selection of the preferred specific organo-zirconate compound is dependent on the particular substrate to which the halocarbon is to be bonded.
  • the pyrophosphate and the phosphate species of both the neoalkoxy and the chelate zirconates are preferred.
  • the phosphates exhibit the most efficacious behavior, superior results being achieved with such compounds as zirconium IV, neoalkenylato, tris(dioctyl)phosphato-O.
  • the diester phosphates again are the most preferred.
  • the aryl zirconates such as zirconium IV neoalkenylato, tris neodecanolato-O may also be used. Again, both the neoalkoxy and the chelate types function well.
  • styrenic plastics such as polystyrene and polyalphamethyl styrene
  • the best performance is from the sulfonyl zirconates, particularly the alkyl benzyl sulfonyl type such as zirconium IV neoalkenylato, tris dodecylbenzene sulfonato-O.
  • the phosphate diesters are also effective.
  • bonding is best when using alkyl or aryl amino zirconates.
  • zirconium IV neoalkenylato tris (2-ethylene diamino) ethylato and zirconium IV neoalkenylato, tris(3-amino) phenylato.
  • halocarbons include natural and synthetic fibers such as wool, cotton, nylon, polyesters, and acrylics.
  • the treatment of such materials is particularly useful to enhance the retention of soil-resistant agents such as Scotchgard brand stain repellent (3M) and Zepel and Teflon (E.I. DuPont de Nemours).
  • the organo-zirconate compounds may be applied to the surface of the halocarbon and/or substrate by a variety of means well known to those skilled in the coatings art. For example, roll coating, spraying lamination or other thin film producing technique, preferably with a diluent, may be used to yield a final coating of the organo-zirconate which is less than approximately 50 angstroms thick. Whether to treat the halocarbon, the substrate, or both of the surfaces to be bonded is a matter of choice readily determined by the applicator.
  • the organo-zirconate compound is admixed with the halocarbon during its processing prior to application to the surface of the substrate. If the halocarbon is to be bonded to a substrate whose processing characteristics are compatible with the stability of the organo-zirconate compounds, it is frequently practicable to incorporate the organo-zirconate during the processing of the substrate. This technique provides an ample supply of the bonding agent.
  • any combination of the aforegoing means may be utilized to further enhance the bonding between such substrates and targeted halocarbons. Processing conditions required to effect the desired bonding are primarily determined by the coating method employed for primer materials and/or the processing requirements of substrate and halocarbon when the integral addition is used.
  • halocarbons may be bonded effectively to a variety of substrates by following the teaching of the invention.
  • Substrates including hydrocarbons, polycarboxylic acid derivatives, such as polyesters, polyamides, and polyurethanes, materials with pendent carboxyl or derivative groups, acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene, polyacrylates, ethylene vinyl, and the like as well as most metals can be bonded.
  • the temperatures may vary widely, e.g., from about 0°C to approximately 400°C, preferably from about 50°C to 300°C.
  • contact temperatures of from about 100°C to approximately 300°C. At temperatures below 100°C, long contact times of from 1 to approximately 20 minutes may be required, depending upon the substrate, to achieve optimum bonding characteristics. Long contact times at low temperatures are particularly advantageous when low contact pressures, i.e. below 1 atmosphere (101 kPa), are employed in the bonding process, especially when the integral as opposed to primer bonding is employed.
  • Subsequent bonding of the partially dehalogenated halocarbon to the substrate is strongly enhanced by the interaction between the newly attached ligands and the substrate and by the bonding of the ligand to the organo-zirconate and/or derivative products which, in turn, is bonded to the substrate.
  • Table 1 describes the organo-zirconates used in the Examples:
  • a thin film of Compound C is coated on a copper wire with a saturated sponge just prior to co-extrusion of said wire with a Teflon fluoropolymer in a conventional crosshead extruder system.
  • the peel strength of the Teflon coating primed copper wire is 9.22-10.37 kg/cm (8-9 lbs/in) as compared to 2.30-5.76 kg/cm (2-5 lbs/in) for a similarly prepared untreated coated wire. This enhancement of approximately twofold is a clear indication of the utility of the instant invention. All peel strength measurements given herein were originally made in lbs/in.
  • This example shows the embodiment of the invention where the primer is admixed with the polymer substrate.
  • Chlorinated polyethylene (Dow Chemical Tyrin 566) was dissolved in mixed xylene solvent and diluted to a final concentration of 10 wt%. Thereafter 0.5 wt% based on polymer of various organo-zirconate compounds were introduced and the resulting solution applied via a doctor blade at a 0.05 mm (2 mil) thickness to Nylon 6. After evaporation of the solvent at ambient temperature, annealing and cooling to and conditioning at 25°C for 24 hours, the resulting CPE/Nylon interface had the following peel strength:
  • organo-zirconate compounds substantially enhance the bonding strength between chlorinated polyethylene and Nylon, two rather incompatible polymer species.
  • Polychloroprene (DuPont - Neoprene) was compounded with a combination of zinc oxide and magnesia curatives as well as 50 parts of carbon black per 100 parts of resin and 0.8 parts per 100 of the indicated organo-zirconate additive.
  • the additive was added as a powder concentrate on a silica carrier.
  • the compounded mixture was extruded over a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hose liner fed in a crosshead fashion. Peel strength of the liner from the resultant hose was measured and the results reported below:
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • the PVDF liner was coated with a 0.2 wt. % solution of the indicated organo-zirconate additive in 1,2-dimethoxyethane solvent.
  • the coated PVDF liner was then crosshead extruded with the aforementioned polychloroprene formulation to which no additive was introduced. Peel strengths of resulting products are given in Table 3b.
  • the coated steel was then exposed to 20% hydrochloric acid at ambient temperature for a period of 30 days.
  • the exposed panels were then washed with water, dried and peel strength again measured. Results were as follows:
  • Polyester adhesives were prepared by dispersing in a polyester resin (Reichhold No 30,003) 10 wt% of fumed silica (Cabosil M-5), optionally, 0.2 wt% of the bonding agent identified in the table, and 0.5 wt% of t-butyl perbenzoate. The resulting dispersion was deaerated by standing at ambient temperature for 24 hours. Thereafter, it wa applied via a doctor blade to a thickness of 0.025 mm (1.1000”) to a 2.54 sq cm (1 sq in) piece of 1.59 mm (1/16") thick rigid PVC resin (GM 103 EP).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
EP87310017A 1986-11-13 1987-11-12 Kleben von halogenierten organischen Formmassen Expired - Lifetime EP0270271B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87310017T ATE79642T1 (de) 1986-11-13 1987-11-12 Kleben von halogenierten organischen formmassen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US930712 1986-11-13
US06/930,712 US4753848A (en) 1986-11-13 1986-11-13 Bonding of halogenated organic compounds

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0270271A2 true EP0270271A2 (de) 1988-06-08
EP0270271A3 EP0270271A3 (en) 1989-05-10
EP0270271B1 EP0270271B1 (de) 1992-08-19

Family

ID=25459644

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87310017A Expired - Lifetime EP0270271B1 (de) 1986-11-13 1987-11-12 Kleben von halogenierten organischen Formmassen

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US4753848A (de)
EP (1) EP0270271B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2523710B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1030782A (de)
AT (1) ATE79642T1 (de)
AU (1) AU600533B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8706117A (de)
CA (1) CA1290342C (de)
DE (1) DE3781248T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2051749T3 (de)
GR (1) GR3005959T3 (de)
IL (1) IL84462A (de)
IN (1) IN172134B (de)
MX (1) MX163262B (de)
NO (1) NO874718L (de)
ZA (1) ZA878441B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995023183A1 (en) * 1994-02-28 1995-08-31 Neste Oy Liquid crystalline polymer blends and processes for the preparation thereof
WO1999037830A1 (en) * 1998-01-22 1999-07-29 Vantico Ag Surface treatment

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8719716D0 (en) * 1987-08-20 1987-09-30 Whitford Plastics Ltd Thermal spraying of stainless steel
US8814861B2 (en) 2005-05-12 2014-08-26 Innovatech, Llc Electrosurgical electrode and method of manufacturing same
US7147634B2 (en) 2005-05-12 2006-12-12 Orion Industries, Ltd. Electrosurgical electrode and method of manufacturing same
CN120173019B (zh) * 2025-05-21 2025-11-07 爱森（中国）絮凝剂有限公司 一种新型耐高温交联酸体系交联剂及其在交联酸体系的应用

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4317859A (en) * 1979-03-27 1982-03-02 Monsanto Company Soil-resistant yarns
GB8304902D0 (en) * 1983-02-22 1983-03-23 Ici Plc Gasket
US4623591A (en) * 1985-09-09 1986-11-18 United Technologies Corporation Amorphous hydrated metal oxide primer for organic adhesively bonded joints

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995023183A1 (en) * 1994-02-28 1995-08-31 Neste Oy Liquid crystalline polymer blends and processes for the preparation thereof
WO1999037830A1 (en) * 1998-01-22 1999-07-29 Vantico Ag Surface treatment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3781248T2 (de) 1993-03-04
ZA878441B (en) 1988-05-04
US4753848A (en) 1988-06-28
EP0270271B1 (de) 1992-08-19
MX163262B (es) 1992-03-30
IL84462A0 (en) 1988-04-29
JP2523710B2 (ja) 1996-08-14
AU600533B2 (en) 1990-08-16
CN1030782A (zh) 1989-02-01
NO874718D0 (no) 1987-11-12
ATE79642T1 (de) 1992-09-15
JPS63178137A (ja) 1988-07-22
IL84462A (en) 1991-06-30
NO874718L (no) 1988-05-16
ES2051749T3 (es) 1994-07-01
DE3781248D1 (de) 1992-09-24
BR8706117A (pt) 1988-06-21
IN172134B (de) 1993-04-17
GR3005959T3 (de) 1993-06-07
AU8123087A (en) 1988-05-19
CA1290342C (en) 1991-10-08
EP0270271A3 (en) 1989-05-10

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