EP0270401B1 - Trägergeschoss zum Abwerfen von Tochtergeschossen in kontrollierter Weise - Google Patents

Trägergeschoss zum Abwerfen von Tochtergeschossen in kontrollierter Weise Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0270401B1
EP0270401B1 EP87402418A EP87402418A EP0270401B1 EP 0270401 B1 EP0270401 B1 EP 0270401B1 EP 87402418 A EP87402418 A EP 87402418A EP 87402418 A EP87402418 A EP 87402418A EP 0270401 B1 EP0270401 B1 EP 0270401B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
subprojectiles
projectile
sub
projectiles
projectile according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87402418A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0270401A1 (de
Inventor
Gérard Dieval
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Original Assignee
Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Brandt Armements SA filed Critical Thomson Brandt Armements SA
Publication of EP0270401A1 publication Critical patent/EP0270401A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0270401B1 publication Critical patent/EP0270401B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/62—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S102/00—Ammunition and explosives
    • Y10S102/703—Flechette

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile forming the head of a vector, such as a bomb, missile, etc., such a vector possibly comprising a propellant and being provided with a tail unit or a guidance or piloting system, so to have a defined ballistic trajectory.
  • a vector such as a bomb, missile, etc.
  • a vector possibly comprising a propellant and being provided with a tail unit or a guidance or piloting system, so to have a defined ballistic trajectory.
  • the present invention relates to a projectile comprising sub-projectiles ejected at a given time on the trajectory of the carrier projectile, in a controlled direction.
  • main projectile carrying sub-charges (or sub-projectiles) to be distributed over large surfaces or volumes.
  • sub-projectiles or sub-projectiles
  • special precautions are not usually taken for the organization of the sub-projectiles inside the main projectile; this results in a random distribution and orientation of the sub-projectiles during the dropping or, at least, a noticeable lack of precision on the speed and the attitude of the sub-projectiles; the result is that only a portion, which is sometimes small, of the sub-projectiles reaches its goal, the rest being lost.
  • the present invention aims to allow to drop sub-projectiles in a preferred direction with satisfactory control of their attitude, so that is not disturbed their subsequent ballistic behavior.
  • the subject of the invention is a projectile comprising sub-projectiles, each of these having a fixed tail, for example with three fins; the sub-projectiles are stored with a single orientation (the head forward and the tail towards the rear of the main projectile) in one or more rows.
  • the bodies of the subprojectiles are tangent to each other.
  • the projectile also includes wedging elements between the body of the main projectile and the structure formed by the sub-projectiles.
  • the projectile comprises additional wedging elements disposed between the different sub-projectiles of the same row.
  • the tail of the sub-projectiles are placed in each other in a self-locking manner, and the spaces remaining free between the sub-projectiles and the wedging elements are filled with a pulverulent substance which has the function of 'Improving the rigidity of the assembly and, when the projectile comprises several rows of sub-projectiles, ensuring and maintaining a spacing between the layers.
  • the invention relates to a projectile as defined by claim 1.
  • This projectile of longitudinal axis XX, is globally identified 1 and consists of a cylindrical envelope 3, ending on one side by a warhead 2 of aerodynamic shape, for example substantially conical; at the other end, the projectile is fixed on the rest of the vector, represented by dotted lines 30.
  • sub-projectiles 5 Inside the envelope 3 are longitudinally disposed sub-projectiles 5. Each of them consists of a cylindrical body 54 terminating towards the front by an aerodynamic head 55, for example substantially conical, and of the 'other side by a tail 56, allowing it to maintain a given attitude on a given trajectory.
  • the sub-projectiles 5 are arranged in the projectile in one or, as in the case of FIG. 1, several rows, marked 71, 72 and 73. They are disposed there with a unique orientation, namely their head 55 directed towards the front of the projectile.
  • Sub-projectiles can be of the explosive ammunition, fireworks (infrared or illuminating) type, lure or kinetic energy munition.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of one half of the projectile 1 of FIG. 1, at the level of the tail of the sub-projectiles of one of the rows 71, 72 or 73.
  • the outer casing 3 is illustrated and, towards the center, an axis 20 supporting the warhead 2 and an inner casing 31.
  • the axis 20 of the warhead is movable in the casing 31 to allow the ejection of the warhead, as described below. All of the sub-projectiles 5 are disposed between the envelopes 3 and 31.
  • each of the sub-projectiles 5 and their tail 56 has also been shown, the elements 54 and 56 being hatched for the clarity of the drawing.
  • the tail of each sub-projectile 5 consists of three fins, arranged at 120 °.
  • the bodies 54 of the sub-projectiles are arranged in a hexagon, one of which example is shown in dotted lines 74, the center of the bodies 54 forming the vertices of the hexagon and the bodies 54 being tangent to each other.
  • the fins are arranged one inside the other so that the structure formed by all of the sub-projectiles is self-locking, that is to say that in the center of hexagon 74 there are six fins belonging respectively to the six sub-projectiles 5 of the hexagon, blocked one inside the other.
  • wedging elements 82 between the sub-projectiles 5, at the level of the bodies 54.
  • These elements 82 are for example of substantially cylindrical shape and extend over the entire length of the bodies 54, or only on part of them. For the clarity of FIG. 2, the surface of the elements 82 is dotted.
  • These internal wedging elements 82 have the function of improving the rigidity of all of the sub-projectiles 5, in particular in the case where the projectile is rotated around its longitudinal axis.
  • the wedging elements 82 are made of a flexible material, such as plastic foam, pre-stressed so as to make it possible to make up for any play in the structure.
  • truncated wedging elements marked 83, again with the aim of improving the rigidity of the structure.
  • wedging elements marking 81, having the function of preventing any tilting towards the outside of the sub-projectiles 5.
  • These elements 81 have a shape adapted to the free space between the structure formed by the sub-projectiles and the outer envelope 3. They do not necessarily have to be of constant section, as illustrated in FIG. 2; however, in a preferred embodiment, they are in contact with the envelope 3 and with the sub-projectiles 5. They are by example made of a plastic material and are preferably made of a relatively rigid material and capable of breaking up during the ejection of the sub-projectiles, according to a mechanism described below, so as not to disturb this ejection.
  • the spaces left free between the walls 31 and 3 by the sub-projectiles 5 and the wedging elements 81, 82 or 83, are filled with a pulverulent material 9 whose function is, on the one hand, to improve immobilization of the sub-projectiles 5 in the casing 3 and, on the other hand, ensuring a separation between each of the rows 71, 72 and 73 (see FIG. 1) for a reason linked to the ejection of the sub-projectiles projectiles, as described below.
  • This powder 9 also makes it possible to visualize the point of release of the sub-projectiles, which facilitates its use.
  • the projectile 1 (FIG. 1) also includes a disc 6 closing the space between the envelopes 3 and 31 at the rear of the loading of sub-projectiles, actuated by propulsion means 4 when the sub-projectiles are dropped.
  • FIGS. 3, a and b are diagrams illustrating the mechanism for ejecting the sub-projectiles from the main projectile 1.
  • a first step under the action of the propulsion means 4 shown diagrammatically at the rear of the projectile 1, the axis 20 of the warhead 2 slides inside the casing 31 until the warhead separates from the projectile. This is designed so that it then remains stable and does not interfere with the movement of the sub-projectiles being ejected or that of the main projectile.
  • the propulsion means 4 impart a relative forward movement to the disc 6 relative to the casing 3, leading to the successive ejection of the rows 71, 72 and 73 of sub-projectiles 5.
  • the wedging elements 81-83 and the pulverulent material 9 separates from the sub-projectiles as they appear at the edge of the envelope 3.
  • FIG. 3a shows the moment when the warhead 2 is fully ejected from the casing 3 and when the first of the rows, namely row 71, is also fully ejected.
  • each of the sub-projectiles 5 is animated at its exit from the envelope 3, in addition to a relative longitudinal speed, a radial speed often called expansion speed, due to the aerodynamic force which is exerted on them at the exit of the envelope 3 and, if necessary, at the rotation of the main projectile. Furthermore, each of the rows is, when it leaves, slowed down by this aerodynamic force. The two phenomena combined make it possible to obtain an interpenetration of the different rows, as shown in FIG. 3b where the three rows being fully ejected, the different sub-projectiles 5 are found substantially on the same line 74 to form a single sheaf, animated by 'a longitudinal speed and a radial speed of expansion.
  • the speed of expansion depends on the speed of rotation of the projectile 1, on the dimensioning of the setting elements as well as on the geometrical characteristics of the sub-projectiles and their position relative to the longitudinal axis (XX) of the projectile.
  • the applicant's experiments and calculations have shown that it is then important that the heads of the sub-projectiles of a row are without mechanical contact with the rear of the sub-projectiles of the previous row, to avoid that the sub-projectile from behind does not disturb and tilts the sub-projectile from the front.
  • the spacing between the rows must be sufficient for the inter-penetration of the rows to take place correctly, without contact (or at least with a minimum of contact) between sub-projectiles. This separation function is fulfilled, as indicated above, by the pulverulent material 9.
  • the sub-projectiles are rigidly held in place before ejection so as, at the time of ejection, to be able to follow the planned trajectory.
  • means are provided so that, during this ejection, the trajectory of each of the sub-projectiles is neither disturbed by the various constituents of the main projectile, nor by the other sub-projectiles.
  • the main projectile has been described as having a cylindrical body with a circular section, but this section may have other shapes, for example square, the sub-projectiles then being provided with four fins. More generally, other geometric shapes can be used for the body of the projectile, the body and the tail of the sub-projectiles and their organization (in hexagon in FIG. 2), provided that the bodies of the sub-projectiles are tangent and their tailplane organized in a self-locking manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Mit Tochtergeschossen ausgerüstetes Projektil, wobei jedes der Tochtergeschosse (5) einen Körper (54) mit einem Kopf (55) und einem festen Leitwerk (56) besitzt und die Tochtergeschosse (5) alle gleich ausgerichtet sind, d.h. mit dem Kopf zur Vorderseite des Projektils (1) zeigen und mindestens in einer Reihe (71 bis 73) angeordnet sind, wobei in jeder Reihe (71 bis 73) die Tochtergeschosse (5) einander berühren und wobei das Projektil (1) außerdem enthält:
    - Stützmittel (81) zwischen der Außenwand (3) des Projektils (1) und der von den Tochtergeschossen (5) gebildeten Struktur;
    - Mittel (4, 6), um die Tochtergeschosse (5) vorne aus dem Projektil (1) ausstoßen zu können,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitwerke (56) der Tochtergeschosse ineinander mit gegenseitiger Blockierung verschachtelt sind und daß eine pulverförmige Substanz (9) die Freiräume zwischen den Tochtergeschossen (5) und den Stützmitteln (81) füllt.
  2. Projektil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitwerke (56) der Tochtergeschosse (5) drei Leitbleche aufweisen.
  3. Projektil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt des Körpers (54) der Tochtergeschosse (5) im wesentlichen kreisförmig ist und daß die Tochtergeschosse im Sechseck (74) angeordnet sind.
  4. Projektil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mehrere Reihen (71 bis 73) von Tochtergeschossen (5) enthält, wobei die Reihen so angeordnet sind, daß sich zwischen ihnen ein Abstand ergibt, der mit der pulverförmigen Substanz (9) gefüllt ist.
  5. Projektil nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand so gewählt ist, daß beim Ausstoßen der Tochtergeschosse (5) die verschiedenen Reihen (71 bis 73) sich durchdringen, ohne daß sich die Flugbahnen der Tochtergeschosse gegenseitig wesentlich stören.
  6. Projektil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es weiter zweite Stützmittel (82-83) enthält, die zwischen den Tochtergeschossen (5) einer Reihe (71 bis 73) angeordnet sind.
  7. Projektil nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweiten Stützmittel (82 bis 83) ein weiches Material enthalten.
  8. Projektil nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweiten Stützmittel (82, 83) von im wesentlichen zylindrischen Elementen gebildet werden, die die Körper (54) der Tochtergeschosse (5) berühren.
  9. Projektil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stützmittel (81) aus einem Material bestehen, das leicht zerbröckelt.
  10. Projektil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es außerdem eine vordere Geschoßspitze (2) aufweist, die durch die Ausstoßmittel (4) beim Ausstoßen der Tochtergeschosse (5) ausgestoßen wird.
EP87402418A 1986-10-31 1987-10-27 Trägergeschoss zum Abwerfen von Tochtergeschossen in kontrollierter Weise Expired - Lifetime EP0270401B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8615236A FR2606135B1 (fr) 1986-10-31 1986-10-31 Projectile comportant des sous-projectiles a largage directionnel controle
FR8615236 1986-10-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0270401A1 EP0270401A1 (de) 1988-06-08
EP0270401B1 true EP0270401B1 (de) 1991-09-04

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ID=9340429

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87402418A Expired - Lifetime EP0270401B1 (de) 1986-10-31 1987-10-27 Trägergeschoss zum Abwerfen von Tochtergeschossen in kontrollierter Weise

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4777882A (de)
EP (1) EP0270401B1 (de)
BR (1) BR8705785A (de)
CA (1) CA1316395C (de)
DE (1) DE3772722D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2606135B1 (de)

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FR2747770B1 (fr) * 1989-08-01 1998-12-18 Thomson Brandt Armements Procede et dispositif d'elaboration de commande d'ejection des sous-munitions portees par une munition air-sol de type cargo
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2606135B1 (fr) 1990-07-27
DE3772722D1 (de) 1991-10-10
CA1316395C (fr) 1993-04-20
FR2606135A1 (fr) 1988-05-06
EP0270401A1 (de) 1988-06-08
US4777882A (en) 1988-10-18
BR8705785A (pt) 1988-05-31

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