EP0284675B1 - Séparateur vapeur-eau en tandem - Google Patents

Séparateur vapeur-eau en tandem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0284675B1
EP0284675B1 EP19870302743 EP87302743A EP0284675B1 EP 0284675 B1 EP0284675 B1 EP 0284675B1 EP 19870302743 EP19870302743 EP 19870302743 EP 87302743 A EP87302743 A EP 87302743A EP 0284675 B1 EP0284675 B1 EP 0284675B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
separator
riser
water
mixture
discharge passages
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19870302743
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0284675A1 (fr
Inventor
William Holden
Fred Houghton
Nick Idvordian
Robert Renshaw
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Amec Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd
Original Assignee
Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd filed Critical Foster Wheeler Energy Ltd
Priority to EP19870302743 priority Critical patent/EP0284675B1/fr
Priority to DE19873783361 priority patent/DE3783361T2/de
Publication of EP0284675A1 publication Critical patent/EP0284675A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0284675B1 publication Critical patent/EP0284675B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
    • F22B37/32—Steam-separating arrangements using centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C3/04—Multiple arrangement thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
    • B04C5/26—Multiple arrangement thereof for series flow

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a separator for receiving a mixture of steam and water, separating the steam from the water in two stages and discharging the steam and the water from separate outlets.
  • a separator is known from GB-A-2 126 499.
  • Known steam separators are of the type in which a rising mixture of steam and water is guided into a swirling motion from which water is radially discharged by the centrifugal forces generated therein. Such separators can have one or two separator stages. Multi-stage steam separators are disclosed in GB-A-2,126,499 and DE-C-931,170. In these separators, a second separator stage is disposed directly over the first stage to receive steam-water mixture from which some water has already been removed.
  • the present invention is directed at a steam water separator having lower and upper separator stages wherein the lower stage comprises a first riser for receiving a steam water mixture and for directing said mixture to an upper section thereof formed with a plurality of discharge slots, and discharge passages in registry with the slots and extending laterally therefrom to direct said mixture from the riser towards a shell surrounding the discharge passages, whereby water from said mixture collects on the shell and remaining mixture continues to rise therefrom, means being provided for directing said remaining mixture to the upper separator stage disposed over the first stage, the upper separator stage comprising a second riser for receiving said remaining mixture and directing same to an upper section thereof.
  • a separator with this construction is disclosed in GB-A-2,126,499.
  • the upper section of the second riser is formed with a plurality of discharge slots, and discharge passages in registry with the slots, which passages extend laterally from the slots to direct said mixture from the second riser towards a shell surrounding the discharge passages; and the discharge passages comprise a plurality of open-ended conduits uniformly angled relative to radii passing through the respective slots from which they extend.
  • the conduits comprising the discharge passages are divided internally with horizontal partitions to form in each conduit a plurality of steam-water mixture paths, one above the other, and the respective riser path is partitioned to form a plurality of vertical paths, corresponding in number with the number of paths in the conduits, with each path of the riser coupled only with the paths of the conduits which occupy the same relative vertical position.
  • the two separator stages can thus operate in tandem.
  • liquid can be separated from vapour at a relatively low pressure loss, but the separator can nevertheless operate under high steam and water loading.
  • the separator permits a relatively low carryover over a wide range of steam and water flow conditions, yet is of a simple, efficient and inexpensive design.
  • the reference numeral 10 refers in general to the steam-water separator of the present invention.
  • the separator 10 includes a first stage riser 12, which is adapted to receive a steam-water mixture from a riser or tube (not shown) or from a steam drum (not shown) which can be a part of a natural circulation steam generator, or the like.
  • the riser 12 extends within an upright cylindrical shell 14 in a coaxially spaced relationship.
  • a top plate 16 extends over the upper end of the riser 12 and a plurality of slots 18 are formed through the upper wall portion of the riser.
  • a plurality of arcuate arms 20 are connected to the riser 12 in registry with the slots 18, respectively, with the free ends of the arms being open to permit the steam-water mixture to discharge therefrom in a substantially tangential direction relative to the inner wall of the shell 14. It is understood that a support structure (not shown) can be provided within the shell 14 for supporting the riser 12 within the shell in the coaxial position shown.
  • a second stage riser 24 is provided in the upper portion of the shell 14 in a spaced relation to the riser 12.
  • the riser 24 is supported relative to the shell 14 by a horizontally extending splash ring 26 having a drip ring 28 extending downwardly from the lower portion thereof and adapted to receive the mixture rising in the shell from the first stage separator formed by the riser 12 and the arms 20.
  • a top plate 30 extends over the upper end of the riser 24 and a plurality of slots 32 are formed through the riser.
  • a plurality of arcuate arms 34 are connected to, and extend outwardly from, the riser 24 in registry with the slots 32. The free ends of the arms 34 are open to permit the steam-water mixture to discharge therefrom in a substantially tangential direction relative to the inner wall of the shell 14.
  • a plurality of water relief holes 36 extend through a portion of the shell 14 between the arms 20 and the splash ring 26.
  • a series of drain openings 38 are provided around the shell 14 immediately above the splash ring 26.
  • a series of spaced discharge slots 40 are provided in the upper end portion of the shell 14.
  • the mixture of steam and water entering the lowers end portion of the riser 12 rises upwardly and then passes radially outwardly from the riser through the slots 18 and into arcuate arms 20 where it is directed tangentially against the inner wall of the shell 14.
  • the water portion of the mixture collects on the inner wall of the shell 14 and a portion of this water flows down the wall by gravitational forces and is collected in the steam drum or in any other known manner.
  • the remaining portion of the water collecting on the inner wall of the shell 14 rises upwardly slightly along the inner surface of the shell above the tops of the arms 20 due to the kinetic energy in the jet streams of the steam-water mixture discharging from the arms. This portion of water discharges from the water relief holes 36 and then falls by gravity downwardly into the steam drum, or the like.
  • the remaining portion of the mixture rises upwardly in the shell 14 and is directed into the lower end portion of the riser 24 by the splash ring 26 and the drip ring 28.
  • the mixture then passes radially outwardly from the riser 24 through the slots 32 and through the arcuate arms 34. This causes an additional separation of the steam from the water, with the steam discharging through the slots 40 whereby it leaves the separator for further treatment.
  • the water portion of the mixture collects on the upper inner wall of the shell 14 and passes downwardly through the drain openings 38 where it is collected in the steam drum, or the like.
  • the steam-water separator is achieved at relatively low pressure loss and low carryover over a wide range of steam and water flow conditions.
  • the separator 10 can operate under high steam and water loading while maintaining the low pressure loss.
  • the separator of the present invention is of a simple, efficient design and is relatively inexpensive to fabricate.
  • the shell 14 is terminated a short way above the discharge member 20 in an open end and the water relief holes of the previous embodiment are omitted.
  • the splash ring 26 extends radially to a depending skirt 42 which surrounds the top end of the shell 14.
  • a further cylindrical member 44 of greater diameter than the skirt 42 surrounds the discharge member 34 and extends downwards to overlap the said skirt 42.
  • Members 44 and 42 comprise shrouds which trap any water which is separated from the steam-water mixture as a consequence of its centrifugal motion when it emerges from the discharge means 20, 34.
  • the swirl kinetic energy is absorbed on the inner walls of members 42, 44 and the water drops under gravitational force to the base of the steam drum.
  • a plurality of radial fins or plates 46 are disposed within and at the base of the shell 14 within and at the base of the shell 14 there is disposed a plurality of radial fins or plates 46. These plates extend for a short way up the shell from the base thereof and serve to remove any swirl kinetic energy from the water which drains downwards from the inner walls of the shell and from the discharge device 20.
  • the fins or plates 46 are uniformly perforated (47) to assist in the removal of the said swirl kinetic energy.
  • Shell 14 has a bottom axial end wall formed by an inverted dish-shaped member 48 on which the fins 46 are mounted.
  • the member 48 is also perforated over its whole surface with perforations 50 to allow drainage of water from the separator.
  • Riser 12 is fitted internally along its axial length with a pair of helical ribs 52, 54. These ribs act as baffles and provide the steam-water mixture with pre-spin before it enters the first stage discharge member 20.
  • the individual arms 20, 34 of the discharge members, or of at least one of the discharge members are straight along a substantial part of their length instead of being curved or spiral-shaped as in Figures 2 and 3. These arms are disposed substantially tangentially to their root diameter. The ends of the arms are curved all in the same direction so as to discharge the steam-water mixture in a direction substantially tangential to the inner wall of the shell 14 or shroud 44, as the case may be.
  • the respective riser and discharge devices 20, 34 also have the features shown in Figures 7 and 8, wherein Figure 8 is a purely schematic illustration of the structure shown in detail in Figure 7.
  • Each arm of the respective discharge device is fitted with a plurality of horizontal separators 56A-56C spaced apart in the vertical direction so as to divide the hollow interior into a series of substantially equally dimensioned passages 58A-58D arranged one above the other.
  • the separators 56A-56C are each joined to a respective one of a number of nested vertically disposed cylindrical coaxial separators 60A-60C mounted in the respective riser 12, 28.
  • the inner coaxial separator 60C defines a cylindrical passage 62D which communicates with the top compartment in each of the arms of the discharge device 20, 34 and the other two coaxial separators 60A, 60B define annular passages 62A-62C each of which communicates with respective corresponding passages in the said arms, each passage thereby defining a path which is isolated from the paths defined by the other passages.
  • the kinetic energy contained by the separated water droplets carries the latter upwards to the upper surfaces of the discharge device.
  • the water has a tendency to mainly collect at the top of the device and be discharged at a higher level than the separated steam and so become re-entrained with the steam as the latter rises.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Séparateur vapeur eau (10) comportant des étages de séparation inférieur et supérieur, dans lequel l'étage inférieur comporte une première colonne montante (12) destinée a recevoir un mélange vapeur-eau et à diriger ledit mélange vers sa section supérieure qui comporte de multiples fentes d'évacuation (18), et des passages d'évacuation (20) qui coïncident avec les fentes et s'étendent latéralement depuis celles-ci en vue de diriger ledit mélange de la colonne montante vers une chemise (14) entourant les passages d'évacuation, pour qu'ainsi de l'eau l'eau provenant dudit mélange s'accumule sur la chemise, tandis que le mélange résiduel continue à monter depuis celle-ci, des moyens étant prévus pour diriger ledit mélange résiduel vers l'étage de séparation supérieur disposé au-dessus du premier étage, étage de séparation supérieur qui comporte une seconde colonne montante (24) destinée à recevoir ledit mélange résiduel et à diriger celui-ci vers sa section supérieure,
    CARACTERISE EN CE QUE
    la section supérieure de la seconde colonne montante comporte de multiples fentes d'évacuation (32), et des passages d'évacuation (34) qui coïncident avec les fentes, les passages s'étendant latéralement depuis les fentes (32) pour diriger ledit rélange de la seconde colonne montante vers une chemise (44) qui entoure les passages d'évacuation (34),
    EN CE QUE
    les passages d'évacuation (20, 34) comportent de multiples conduits à extrémité ouverte orientés suivant un angle uniforme par rapport à des rayons passant par les fentes (18, 32) respectives à partir desquelles ils s'étendent,
    ET EN CE QUE
    dans l'un au moins des étages de séparation, les conduits comportant les passages d'évacuation (20, 34) sont divisés intérieurement par des cloisons horizontales (56) pour définir dans chaque conduit plusieurs trajectoires de mélange vapeur-eau (58) disposées les unes au-dessus des autres, la trajectoire de la colonne montante correspondante étant divisée pour définir plusieurs trajectoires verticales (62) dont le nombre correspond au nombre des trajectoires (58) définies dans les conduits, et chaque trajectoire (62) de la colonne montante (12, 24) étant reliée uniquement aux trajectoires (58) des conduits qui occupent la même position relative en hauteur.
  2. Séparateur selon la revendication 1, CHARACTERISE EN CE QUE la même chemise (14) s'étend autour des colonnes montantes des premier et second étages de séparation.
  3. Séparateur selon la revendication 2, CARACTERISE EN CE QUE plusieurs orifices (36) sont définis dans ladite chemise pour permettre une évacuation d'eau radiale entre les étages de séparation.
  4. Séparateur selon la revendication 3, CARACTERISE EN CE QU'une partie au fins des orifices (36) définis dans la chemise (14) est située au-dessus du niveau des passages d'évacuation (20) du premier étage de séparation.
  5. Séparateur selon la revendication 3 ou la revendication 4, CARACTERISE EN CE QU'une ou plusieurs enveloppes entourent les orifices (36) en vue d'intercepter les évacuations d'eau radiales, pour qu'ainsi l'eau emprisonnée s'écoule verticalement vers le bas en tombant de l'enveloppe avec une vitesse radiale ou tourbillonnaire faible ou nulle.
  6. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, CARACTERISE EN CE QUE les moyens directeurs comportent un anneau d'égouttage coaxial (28) qui pend depuis la colonne montante (24) du second étage en direction desdits passages d'évacuation (20) associés à la colonne montante du premier étage, et une plaque d'éclaboussures (26) qui isole les passages d'évacuation (34) du second étage de séparation des passages d'évacuation (20) du premier étage de séparation.
  7. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, CARACTERISE EN CE QUE les passages d'évacuation (20, 34) de l'un au moins des étages de séparation comportent de multiples conduits en spirale.
  8. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, CARACTERISE EN CE QUE les passages d'évacuation (20, 34) de l'un au moins des étages de séparation comportent de multiples conduits tangentiels sensiblement linéaires.
  9. Séparateur selon la revendication 8, CARACTERISE EN CE QUE les bras tangentiels sont incurvés au niveau de leurs extrémités ouvertes.
  10. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, CARACTERISE EN CE QU'au moins ladite première colonne montante (12) comporte un tube cylindrique équipé intérieurement de moyens déflecteurs hélicoïdaux (52, 54) destinés à faire tourner le mélange vapeur-eau lorsqu'il remonte le long de la colonne montante et avant qu'il ne pénètre dans les passages d'évacuation respectifs (20).
  11. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, CARACTERISE EN CE QU'il est prévu des moyens pour empêcher un vortex de l'eau au niveau de la base du séparateur, pour qu'ainsi la vitesse de l'eau évacuée ait des composantes uniquement dans le plan vertical.
  12. Séparateur selon la revendication 11, CARACTERISE EN CE QUE les moyens antivortex comportent un diffuseur d'écoulement au niveau de l'extrémité inférieure de la chemise et/ou des plaques radiales verticales.
  13. Séparateur selon la revendication 12, CARACTERISE EN CE QUE les moyens antivortex comportent un diffuseur d'écoulement qui se présente sous la forme d'un élément annulaire perforé en forme de cuvette, et des plaques radiales perforées, afin de faciliter l'élimination de l'énergie cinétique présente dans l'eau qui sort du séparateur, du fait du tourbillon imparti au mélange, lorsque ce dernier passe à travers les colonnes montantes et les moyens d'évacuation.
  14. Séparateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, CARACTERISE EN CE QUE les cloisons prévues dans la colonne montante (12, 24) correspondante comportent des tubes concentriques (60); et en ce que les cloisons prévues dans les passages d'évacuation (20, 34) respectifs comportent des plaques horizontales (56).
EP19870302743 1987-03-30 1987-03-30 Séparateur vapeur-eau en tandem Expired EP0284675B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19870302743 EP0284675B1 (fr) 1987-03-30 1987-03-30 Séparateur vapeur-eau en tandem
DE19873783361 DE3783361T2 (de) 1987-03-30 1987-03-30 Tandemabscheider fuer ein dampf-wasser-gemisch.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19870302743 EP0284675B1 (fr) 1987-03-30 1987-03-30 Séparateur vapeur-eau en tandem

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0284675A1 EP0284675A1 (fr) 1988-10-05
EP0284675B1 true EP0284675B1 (fr) 1992-12-30

Family

ID=8197840

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870302743 Expired EP0284675B1 (fr) 1987-03-30 1987-03-30 Séparateur vapeur-eau en tandem

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0284675B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3783361T2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK0728509T3 (da) * 1995-02-24 2000-06-13 Fresenius Medical Care De Gmbh Indretning til udskillelse af luftbobler fra medicinske væsker
DE69618550T2 (de) * 1995-12-01 2002-08-22 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Co., Annandale Vielstufige Gas/Feststofftrennvorrichtung und Verfahren
WO2002012790A1 (fr) 2000-08-09 2002-02-14 Rational Ag Procede et dispositif de production de vapeur, en particulier pour un appareil de cuisson
DE102005012219A1 (de) 2005-03-15 2006-09-21 Rational Ag Beheizbares Gehäuse, Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Dampf und Gargerät
GB2436308A (en) 2006-03-23 2007-09-26 Adrian Christopher Arnold Particle separator
CN101648093B (zh) * 2008-08-15 2011-09-14 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 一种同轴式分离器
US8152877B2 (en) 2010-03-12 2012-04-10 Euro-Pro Operating Llc Shroud for a cleaning service apparatus
CN103933834B (zh) * 2013-01-17 2016-05-25 陈永真 旋风式热空气全热回收除尘除湿汽水分离机
CN115445364B (zh) * 2022-09-26 2024-05-03 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 一种汽水分离器

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE931170C (de) * 1948-01-30 1955-08-01 Comb Engineering Superheater Fliehkraftabscheider
US3314220A (en) * 1965-03-22 1967-04-18 Foster Wheeler Corp Multiannular centrifugal separator
DE2204829A1 (de) * 1972-02-02 1973-08-09 Siemens Ag Fliehkraftabscheider
US4322233A (en) * 1979-05-02 1982-03-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus for separating entrained liquid from a liquid gas mixture
US4289514A (en) * 1980-06-25 1981-09-15 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Stacked re-entrant arm vapor-liquid separator
US4483696A (en) * 1982-09-07 1984-11-20 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Steam separating apparatus and separators used therein
FR2558741B1 (fr) * 1984-01-31 1991-03-22 Electricite De France Separateur de melanges par centrifugation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3783361D1 (de) 1993-02-11
DE3783361T2 (de) 1993-07-15
EP0284675A1 (fr) 1988-10-05

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