Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
  • C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
  • C11D3/225—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
  • C11D3/3761—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in solid compositions

Definitions

• This invention relates to a light duty detergent powder composition designed especially for washing fine garments and synthetic fabrics.
• Fine garments and synthetic and coloured fabrics require careful treatment and yet need to be cleansed and washed like any other wash goods.
• the washing process, and therefore any composition used in such a process should not damage the fabric fibres, should not bleach any dyes or pigments in the fabrics and should not cause loss of brightness by the deposition of insoluble material onto the fabric surface.
• effective soil removal is required.
• a detergent powder that feels soft and non-gritty in the hands would likely have a better consumer appeal for being identified with mildness to fine garments.
• French patent specification 2 237 960 (Unilever NV) describes a detergent composition which in addition to a detergent active material contains an alkyl hydroxyalkyl cellulose and a maleic acid copolymer. Compositions are disclosed therein which contain no bleach and are thus suitable for the treatment of fine garments.
• European patent specification EP 54 325-B (Unilever NV et al) describes compositions which contain a mixture of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, a linear polymer polycarboxylate and a cellulose ether. The specifically exemplified compositions recommend the presence of 5% sodium silicate.
• a bleach-free powdered detergent composition for washing fine garments and synthetic and coloured fabrics comprising:
• compositions of the present invention are essentially free of bleach and sodium silicate. Impurities in other ingredients may accidentally introduce these materials, especially the sodium silicate. Such impurities will generally only be present in small amounts in the overall composition, up to about 0.5% by weight.
• the individual components of the polymer mixture system are known in the art. However the use of this particular mixture in a high active, non-bleaching and sodium silicate-free detergent composition provides for the desired beneficial properties of an attractive light duty detergent powder composition destined for the fine wash.
• Polymer (a) A well-known representative of this polymer is sodium carboxymethylcellulose as available on the market, which has been used as soil-suspending and anti-redeposition agent in fabric washing detergent compositions.
• the total number of substituent groups per glucose unit of the cellulose derivative should be between about 1.5 and about 3.0, preferably between about 2.0 and about 3.0.
• the alkyl groups should contain from 1 to 4, and preferably from 1 to 3, carbon atoms, and the hydroxyalkyl groups should contain from 2 to 4, preferably from 2 to 3, carbon atoms.
• alkyl groups are methyl and ethyl, and the preferred hydroxyalkyl groups are hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl. Propyl, butyl and hydroxybutyl groups may also be used.
• the alkyl group is methyl it is preferred that the hydroxyalkyl group be hydroxypropyl, and when the alkyl group is ethyl it is preferred that the hydroxyalkyl group be hydroxyethyl, although it will be appreciated that other combinations of alkyl and hydroxyalkyl groups may be used if desired.
• Particularly preferred cellulose derivatives for use in accordance with the invention are methyl hydroxypropyl celluloses having from 1.7 to 2.1 methyl groups per glucose unit and from 0.8 to 1.0 hydroxypropyl groups per glucose unit, and ethyl hydroxyethyl celluloses having from 1.5 to 1.6 ethyl groups per glucose unit and from 0.5 to 0.6 hydroxyethyl groups per glucose unit.
• cellulose derivatives are available commercially, for example under the Trade name of Modocoll®, supplied by the Mo och Domsjo Company, and others may readily be prepared by simple chemical procedures.
• a methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose derivative may be prepared by reacting the cellulose with dimethylsulphate and then with propylene oxide (or vice versa: if one substituent is to be present in a greater amount than the other, it is preferabe that the major substituent is applied first), and an ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose may be prepared by reacting the cellulose with ethylene oxide and then with ethyl chloride.
• polycarboxylate polymers (c) are disclosed and further characterised in EP-A-137 669, the most important members of which are:
• Any polymer of these classes can be chosen as polymer (c) in the polymer mixture, either alone or as mixture, though preference is given to polymers of the classes (i) and (iv).
• polymers should preferably be present in the composition at a total level of from 1.5% to 10% by weight in proportions of about 0.2-2% by weight of polymer (a), about 0.1-3% by weight of polymer (b) and about 0.5-10%, most preferably about 1-5% by weight of polymer (c).
• the detergent composition of the invention contains at least one detergent-active material, preferably at a level of 15% to 25% by weight.
• This material may be anionic or nonionic in nature, but mixtures of anionic and nonionic materials are preferred.
• the anionic detergent-active material can be a soap or a non-soap (synthetic) anionic material.
• Anionic detergent-active materials are commercially available and are fully described in the literature, for example in "Surface Active Agents and Detergents", Volumes I and II, by Schwartz, Perry and Berch.
• Synthetic anionic detergent-active materials useful in the present invention are water-soluble alkali metal salts of organic sulphates and sulphonates having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
• suitable synthetic anionic detergent compounds are sodium and potassium alkyl sulphates, especially those obtained by sulphating higher (C8-C18) alcohols produced for example from tallow or coconut oil, sodium and potassium alkyl (C9-C20) benzene sulphonates, particularly sodium linear secondary alkyl (C10-C15) benzene sulphonates; sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulphates, especially those ethers of the higher alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil and synthetic alcohols derived from petroleum; sodium coconut oil fatty monoglyceride sulphates and sulphonates; sodium and potassium salts of sulphuric acid esters of higher (C8-C18) fatty alcohol-alkylene oxide, particularly ethylene oxide, reaction products; the reaction products of fatty acids such as coconut fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralised with sodium hydroxide; sodium and potassium salts of fatty acid amines of methyl taurine; alkane monos
• anionic compounds may also be used, preferably mixtures of synthetic anionic surfactants and alkalimetal soaps.
• Suitable nonionic surfactants include:
• the compounds formed by condensing ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base formed by the condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol generally falls in the range of about 1500 to 1800.
• Such synthetic nonionic detergents are available on the market under the Trade Name of "Pluronic", supplied by Wyandotte Chemicals Corporation.
• the mixing ratio of anionic to nonionic materials is not very critical and can be varied as desired by the skilled artisan. However, preference here is given to ratios within the range of 6:1 to 1:2, preferably from 5:1 to 1:1.
• the detergent compositions according to the invention also contain a detergency builder, which can be an inorganic builder or an organic builder, in an amount generally within the range of from about 5% to about 60%, preferably from 15% to 50% by weight.
• a detergency builder which can be an inorganic builder or an organic builder, in an amount generally within the range of from about 5% to about 60%, preferably from 15% to 50% by weight.
• Examples of phosphorus-containing inorganic detergency builders include the water-soluble salts, especially alkali metal pyrophosphates, orthophosphates and polyphosphates.
• Specific examples of inorganic phosphate builders include sodium and potassium tripolyphosphates, phosphates and hexametaphosphates.
• non-phosporus-containing inorganic detergency builders when present, include water-soluble alkali metal carbonate, bicarbonates, and crystalline and amorphous alumino silicates. Specific examples include sodium carbonate (with or without calcite seeds), potassium carbonate, sodium and potassium bicarbonates.
• organic detergency builders when present, include the alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates, polyacetal carboxylates and polyhydroxysulphonates.
• alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates include the alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates, polyacetal carboxylates and polyhydroxysulphonates.
• Sodium silicate is usually relied upon in detergent compositions to provide alkalinity.
• the desired alkalinity can be obtained by the use of water-soluble alkaline builder materials. Alkali metal carbonates and their mixtures with alkali metal phosphates are especially suitable.
• the detergent compositions according to the invention will preferably show a pH of between 9.0 and 10.5.
• the detergent composition according to the invention may further contain any of the conventional additives in amounts in which such materials are normally employed in fabric-washing detergent compositions and which serve to further improve the laundering characteristics and/or add aesthetic appeal to the compositions.
• these additives include lather boosters, anti-foaming agents, non-silicate alkaline materials fabric-softening agents, corrosion inhibitors, inorganic salts, sequestering agents, colouring agents and perfumes, so long as these additives do not adversely influence the basic objective of the invention.
• Enzymes such as proteolytic, lipolytic and amylolytic enzymes are preferably incorporated to effect stain removal by bioaction.
• the invention omits the use of fluorescent agents or optical bleaching agents, as these additives could change the hue of the original fabric colours, their presence in very small amounts up to about 0.02% by weight is generally desirable for aesthetic reasons in giving brightness to the powder appearance.
• the detergent composition of the invention is generally manufactured and presented in the form of a particulate powder, which includes the form of granules.
• Detergent powder compositions according to the invention can be prepared using any of the conventional manufacturing techniques commonly used or proposed for the preparation of fabric-washing detergent powder compositions. These include slurry-making of the basic ingredients followed by spray-drying or spray-cooling and subsequent dry-dosing of sensitive ingredients not suitable for incorporation prior to the drying or heating step. Other conventional techniques, such as noodling, granulation, dry-mixing, and mixing by fluidisation in a fluidised bed, may be utilised as and when necessary and desired. Such techniques are familiar to those skilled in the art of detergent powder composition manufacture and require no further explanation as being essential to the invention.
• polymer (c) such as polyacrylates or acrylic acid/maleic acid copolymers
• polymer (a) e.g. sodium carboxymethyl cellulose
• polymer (b) e.g. ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose
• the following detergent composition was prepared by spray-drying the basic ingredients and dry-mixing the enzyme and anti-foaming agent.
• the product obtained was a light powder of bulk density 0.40 g/cc having an appealing white snowy appearance and a soft feel in the hands with very good solubility and detergency properties.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

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ID=10615400

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (5)

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• 1987
  • 1987-04-07 GB GB878708312A patent/GB8708312D0/en active Pending
• 1988
  • 1988-04-05 ES ES88302989T patent/ES2056104T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-04-05 EP EP88302989A patent/EP0286342B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-04-05 DE DE19883850597 patent/DE3850597T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

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