EP0310346A2 - Composition utilisable pour des transmissions de traction et procédé pour les faire fonctionner - Google Patents

Composition utilisable pour des transmissions de traction et procédé pour les faire fonctionner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0310346A2
EP0310346A2 EP88308965A EP88308965A EP0310346A2 EP 0310346 A2 EP0310346 A2 EP 0310346A2 EP 88308965 A EP88308965 A EP 88308965A EP 88308965 A EP88308965 A EP 88308965A EP 0310346 A2 EP0310346 A2 EP 0310346A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
carbon atoms
naphthenic oil
coal
range
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP88308965A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0310346A3 (fr
Inventor
Hiromitsu Uchiyama
Tadashi Komoto
Yuichi Urata
Takeshi Tezuka
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Nippon Steel Chemical and Materials Co Ltd
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Nippon Steel Chemical Co Ltd
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Publication of EP0310346A2 publication Critical patent/EP0310346A2/fr
Publication of EP0310346A3 publication Critical patent/EP0310346A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/02—Well-defined hydrocarbons
    • C10M105/04—Well-defined hydrocarbons aliphatic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/002—Traction fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/42—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids
    • C10M105/44—Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids derived from the combination of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/024—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
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    • C10M2207/025—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with condensed rings
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    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/14—Containing carbon-to-nitrogen double bounds, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C10M2215/226—Morpholines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
    • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
    • C10M2215/30—Heterocyclic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
    • C10M2219/088—Neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
    • C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/042—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for automatic transmissions
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/044—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for manual transmissions
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composition suitable fur use in traction drives and to a process for operating the same.
  • traction drives rolling friction drive devices
  • point contact or line contact between rolling solid bodies has found recognition.
  • the fluid to be interposed between contact parts of such traction drives must be a selected lubricant which proves most suitable from the functional point of view.
  • the fluid intervening between contact parts is required to possess an ability to undergo reversible glass transition, viscosity increase and should enhance the efficiency of power transmission between rolling contact surfaces under high pressure. 0n departure from the contact surfaces, it should immediately return to its original fluid state. It must also be capable of precluding direct contact between metal bodies, preventing metal bodies from seizure, wear and fatigue damage and, as with lubricants of all kinds, must fulfil the important functions of preventing the occurrence of rust and the elevation of temperature.
  • Friction or traction drive devices for the transmission of mechanical power have been disclosed in a number of reports in prior technical literature. They are dealt with in full detail in US Patents 3,394,603 and 3,411,369; the Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data , Vol. 5, No. 4, p.p.499-507 (1960), and Hewko et al., in Proceedings of the Symoposium on Rolling Contact Phenomena , p.p.157-185 (1962), Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, for example.
  • compositions for use in traction drives a host of substances have been advanced, including mineral oils (Japanese Patent Publication 24,635/1964), mixtures of dialkyl aromatic hydrocarbons with diarylalkanes (Japanese Patent Publication 40,525/1972), polymethylmethacrylate (Japanese Patent Publication 31,828/1973), adamantanes (Japanese Patent Publication 42,067/1973 and 42,068/1973), polyolefins (Japanese Patents KOKAI 4,766/1971 and 2,229/1972) and alkylnaphthalenes (US Patent 2,549,377), for example.
  • Japanese Patent KOKAI 40,726/1980 has proposed fluids which are obtained by hydrogenating bis-( ⁇ -methylbenzyltoluene) and/or bis-( ⁇ -methylbenzyl)-­xylene.
  • naphthenic oils having naphthenic rings include dicyclohexylethane (US Patent 3,577,361), dicyclohexylpropane (Japanese Patent Publication 36,105/1978), hydrogenated condensation ring compounds (US Patent 3,411,369), hydrogenated benzyl biphenyls (US Patent 4,371,726), naphthenes containing at least one saturated carbon-containing cyclic ring (US Patent 3,440,894), naphthenes containing at least two saturated carbon-containing cyclic rings (US Patent 3,925,217), and mixtures of naphthenes and paraffins (US Patents 3,595,796 and 3,595,797).
  • oils for use in traction drives have a disadvantage that they are very expensive because they are invariably produced through a complicated procedure.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a novel and inexpensive composition for use in traction drives and a process for the operation of the traction drives.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a naphthenic composition which excels in such basic physical properties as traction coefficient and in its suitability for use in traction drives, the composition being easily produced while having an improved oil film-forming capacity.
  • composition which comprises a small amount of an antioxidant in combination with a naphthenic oil having as a main component, a condensed polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon resulting from the hyrogenation of a hydrocarbon oil obtained by decomposing a coal type raw material oil, in which the sum of carbon atoms of the condensed polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon and the carbon atoms directly bonded to the polycyclic moiety accounts for not less than 80% of the total of carbon atoms of the naphthenic oil and the hydrogen/carbon atomic ratio (H/C) of the naphthenic oil is in the range of 1.68 to 1.80.
  • H/C hydrogen/carbon atomic ratio
  • the invention also extends to a process for operating traction drives which have an area of point or line contact between rolling solid bodies in which the area of contact is oiled with the above composition.
  • the naphthenic oil to be used in this invention can be produced by the method disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application KOKAI 120,896/1986.
  • the hydrocarbon oil as the raw material therefor is obtained by decomposing a coal type or coal-based raw material oil such as, for example, coal tar, coal-tar pitch, coal tar oil, liquefied coal oil, or liquefied coal pitch by hydrogenolysis, pyrolysis, or the combination of hydrogenolysis and pyrolysis and is desired to contain a condensed polycyclic component of 2 to 10 rings in a concentration of not less than 50% by weight, preferably not less than 60% by weight, and possess a boiling point in the range of 200°to 600°C or over.
  • the hydrocarbon oil which is formed when coal-tar pitch is subjected to hydrogenolysis and the thermally decomposed oil which is formed when coal-tar pitch is converted into coke may be mentioned.
  • this hydrocarbon oil originates in coal, it generally contains sulphur compounds in an amount in the range of 0.02 to 2% by weight as elementary sulphur and nitrogen compounds in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 3% by weight as elementary nitrogen.
  • the hydrocarbon oil happens to have a large sulphur content and nitrogen content, it is desirably refined by hydrogenation so as to lower the sulphur content and the nitrogen content each to below 1,000 ppm, preferably the sulphur content below 100ppm and the nitrogen content below 100ppm.
  • the refinement by hydrogenation performed for this purpose can be carried out batchwise or continuously, preferably continuously, in the presence of a catalyst having deposited on a carrier such as of alumina or silica at least one member selected from the group consisting of such metals as molybdenum, tungsten, nickel, and cobalt which belong to Group VIa and group VIII in the Periodic Table of Elements.
  • the reaction proceeds advantageously when the reaction temperature is in the range of 250° to 500°C, preferably 350° to 430°C, the reaction pressure in the range of 20 to 300 kg/cm2.G, preferably 50 to 200kg/cm2.G, the spatial liquid velocity (LHSV) in the range of 0.01 to 10hr ⁇ 1 preferably 0.1 to 5hr ⁇ 1, and the liquid-gas ratio (G/L) in the range of 100 to 5,000 H2 oil.
  • the reaction temperature is in the range of 250° to 500°C, preferably 350° to 430°C
  • the reaction pressure in the range of 20 to 300 kg/cm2.G, preferably 50 to 200kg/cm2.G
  • the spatial liquid velocity (LHSV) in the range of 0.01 to 10hr ⁇ 1 preferably 0.1 to 5hr ⁇ 1
  • the liquid-gas ratio (G/L) in the range of 100 to 5,000 H2 oil.
  • the hydrocarbon oil When the hydrocarbon oil has both its sulphur content and nitrogen content lowered to below 1,000 ppm, when necessary, through a desulphurisation and denitrification treatment, it may then be subjected to nuclear hydrogenation.
  • This nuclear hydrogenation is preferably carried out until naphthenic carbons account for 70 to 90%, aromatic carbons 1 to 20%, and parafinic carbons the balance of all the carbons in the nuclearly hydrogenated hydrocarbon oil produced, and preferably until the aromatic hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon oil are converted as thoroughly as possible into naphthenic hydrocarbons.
  • the nuclear hydrogenation of the hydrocarbon oil can be carried out batchwise or continuously, preferably batchwise, in the presence of a large excess of hydrogen gas by use of a catalyst having deposited on a carrier such as of diatomaceous earth, alumina magnesia, boria, or silica a metal selected from the metals of Group VIII in the Periodic Table of Elements such as, for example, nickel, platinum, and palladium.
  • a catalyst having deposited on a carrier such as of diatomaceous earth, alumina magnesia, boria, or silica a metal selected from the metals of Group VIII in the Periodic Table of Elements such as, for example, nickel, platinum, and palladium.
  • the reaction in this case proceeds advantageously when the reaction temperature is in the range of 50° to 300°C and the reaction pressure in the range of 10 to 200 kg/cm2.G.
  • the reaction time the reaction is desired to be continued until the absorption of hydrogen is completed.
  • the oil is preferably washed with sulphuric acid and/or subjected to purification with a solid absorbent either before or after the nuclear hydrogenation.
  • the aforementioned washing with sulphuric acid is carried out by admixing 80 to 98% sulphuric acid with oil at a sulphuric acid/oil volumetric ratio in the range of 0.01 to 10, preferably 0.1 to 1.0, and stirring the resultant mixture at a temperature in the range of 25° to 80°C for a period in the range of 15 to 150 minutes.
  • the purification with the solid absorbent is desirably carried out by passing the oil through a bed of solid absorbent such as activated clay, activated alumina, or silica alumina at a temperature in the range of 0° to 150°C at a spatial liquid velocity (LHSV) in the range of 1 to 50hr ⁇ 1, preferably, 0.5 to 10hr ⁇ 1.
  • a bed of solid absorbent such as activated clay, activated alumina, or silica alumina at a temperature in the range of 0° to 150°C at a spatial liquid velocity (LHSV) in the range of 1 to 50hr ⁇ 1, preferably, 0.5 to 10hr ⁇ 1.
  • traction oil fractions possessing varying degrees of viscosity can be obtained by separating the naphthenic oil through distillation, preferably through vacuum distillation, into several fractions in a suitable boiling point range such as, for example, 300° to 400°C and optionally blending these fractions in varying proportions.
  • the particular fraction to be used for the oil for traction gears is a naphthenic oil formed mainly of condensed polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon so that the sum of the carbon atoms constituting the polycyclic moiety of the condensed polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon and the carbon atoms directly bonded to the polycyclic moiety is not less than 80% of the total of carbon atoms of the naphthenic oil, preferably falling in the range of 85 to 95%, and the hydrogen/carbon atomic ratio (H/C) is in the range of 1.68 to 1.80, preferably 1.70 to 1.78.
  • H/C hydrogen/carbon atomic ratio
  • the carbon atoms directly bonded to the polycyclic moiety are the carbons designated C* in a compound such as and the carbon vicinally positioned to the polycyclic moiety (C at alpha-position).
  • the naphthenic oil can be adjusted to fulfil its requirements by suitably selecting the coal type raw material oil or its fractions, by selecting the conditions for the nuclear hydrogenation, or by selecting the fractions to be combined.
  • the naphthenic oil tends to be deficient in oxidation stability and oil film-forming capacity.
  • the composition suitable for use in traction gears is obtained by incorporating an antioxidant in the naphthenic oil obtained by the nuclear hydrogenation.
  • the amount of the antioxidant to be incorporated may be in the range of 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 3% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 2% by weight, based on the amount of the composition.
  • alkyl phenols such as 2,6-ditertiary butyl paracresol, 4,4′-methylene bis(2,6-di-t-butyl phenol), 4,4′-thio bis(2,6-dialkyl phenol), amines such as p-octyl diphenylamine, p,p′dioctyl diphenylamine, 2,2′-diethyl-4-octyl diphenylamine, and sulphur-­phosphorus compounds such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, zinc diaryldithiophosphates, dialkyl sulphide, dialkyl disulphide, N,N′-­disalicylidene-1,2-diaminopropane and alizarine may be cited.
  • the composition may be used mixed with other traction oils such as, for example, a mineral oil.
  • the composition may incorporate an amine, an ester, or a metal salt as a rustproofing agent, a polymethacrylate as a viscosity index improver, and a silicone type polymer as a defoaming agent.
  • the traction coefficient of a given oil is generally measured by use of a traction drive device described in US Patent 4,371,726.
  • the naphthenic oil had an H/C ratio of 1.72, less than 0.1% of aromatic hydrogen, less than 5% of hydrogen bonded to the carbon directly bonded to the polycyclic moiety, and less than 10% of hydrogen bonded to the alkyl group, a nitrogen content of less than 10ppm, a sulphur content of less than 1ppm, and an average molecular weight of 270.
  • This naphthenic oil was fractionally distilled into a 300°-320°C fraction (41.4% in yield) (the sum of the carbon atoms constituting the condensed polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon and the carbon atoms directly bonded to the polycyclic moiety, 87% of the total of carbon atoms of the naphthenic oil), a 320°-345°C fraction (31.0% in yield) (the sum, 88%), a 345°-365°C fraction (12.4% in yield) (the sum 88%), and a 365°-­390°C fraction (15.2% in yield) (the sum, 89%). These fractions were used as oils for traction gears.
  • the physical properties of the base oils of these traction oils were as shown in Table 2. These base oils of the traction oils were tested for traction coefficient and oil film thickness with a twin-tube tester under conditions of 0.45m/s of sliding speed and 300 kg of load. The test pieces has a surface roughness of 0.06 ⁇ m. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • oils for traction gears were obtained by adding to the base oils 2,6-ditertiarybutyl paracreasol and a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate as antioxidant each in a proportion of 0.5% by weight.
  • This oil was tested for traction coefficient under the aforementioned conditions and then subjected to an oxidation test by the procedure described in Paragraph 3.2 (Testing Method for Oxidation Stability of Internal Combustion Engine Oil of Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K-2514-1980 (Testing Method for Oxidation Stability of Lubricating Oils).
  • the oxidation test was carried out under the following conditions. Amount of test specimen 300 ml Temperature 165.5°C Time 72 hours Oxidation catalyst Copper and iron
  • the composition of the present invention for use in traction gears can be produced from an inexpensive raw material. It excels in physical properties such as traction coefficient, oil film thickness, and oxidation stability which are essential for the oil to be used in traction gears. Thus, it can be used efficiently for a long time.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP88308965A 1987-09-28 1988-09-28 Composition utilisable pour des transmissions de traction et procédé pour les faire fonctionner Withdrawn EP0310346A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP240620/87 1987-09-28
JP62240620A JPS6485291A (en) 1987-09-28 1987-09-28 Traction fluid

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EP0310346A2 true EP0310346A2 (fr) 1989-04-05
EP0310346A3 EP0310346A3 (fr) 1989-06-14

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2781028A1 (fr) * 1998-07-11 2000-01-14 Freudenberg Carl Fa Amortisseur de vibrations s'adaptant a la vitesse de rotation
CN102337144A (zh) * 2010-07-20 2012-02-01 陕西煤业化工集团神木天元化工有限公司 块煤干馏中低温煤焦油制取轻质化燃料的方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL1547473T3 (pl) * 2003-12-16 2008-03-31 Unilever Nv Kompozycja zawierająca warzywa z rodzaju Capsicum [papryka] oraz sposobu jej wytwarzania
KR101011429B1 (ko) * 2008-05-14 2011-01-28 한국식품연구원 조직감, 향미가 개선된 고추씨, 이의 제조방법 및 조직감,향미가 개선된 고추씨를 포함하는 샐러드 드레싱의제조방법

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL73008C (fr) * 1948-10-25
GB1109731A (en) * 1965-03-23 1968-04-10 Mobil Oil Corp Process for producing lubricating oils
US3411369A (en) * 1966-10-13 1968-11-19 Monsanto Co Tractive fluids and method of use
US4387256A (en) * 1980-09-02 1983-06-07 Imperial Oil Limited Traction fluid lubricants derived from coal tar

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2781028A1 (fr) * 1998-07-11 2000-01-14 Freudenberg Carl Fa Amortisseur de vibrations s'adaptant a la vitesse de rotation
FR2783297A1 (fr) * 1998-07-11 2000-03-17 Freudenberg Carl Fa Amortisseur de vibrations s'adaptant a la vitesse de rotation
CN102337144A (zh) * 2010-07-20 2012-02-01 陕西煤业化工集团神木天元化工有限公司 块煤干馏中低温煤焦油制取轻质化燃料的方法

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JPS6485291A (en) 1989-03-30
KR890005256A (ko) 1989-05-13

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