EP0317830B1 - Procédé de pliage d'objets métalliques - Google Patents

Procédé de pliage d'objets métalliques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0317830B1
EP0317830B1 EP19880118683 EP88118683A EP0317830B1 EP 0317830 B1 EP0317830 B1 EP 0317830B1 EP 19880118683 EP19880118683 EP 19880118683 EP 88118683 A EP88118683 A EP 88118683A EP 0317830 B1 EP0317830 B1 EP 0317830B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal
heating
bending
plate
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19880118683
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0317830A2 (fr
EP0317830A3 (en
Inventor
Henryk Frackiewicz
Zygmunt Mucha
Wieslaw Trampczynski
Adolf Baranowski
Andrzej Cybulski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Podstawowych Problemow Techniki
Original Assignee
Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Podstawowych Problemow Techniki
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Publication date
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Application filed by Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Podstawowych Problemow Techniki filed Critical Polska Akademia Nauk Instytut Podstawowych Problemow Techniki
Publication of EP0317830A2 publication Critical patent/EP0317830A2/fr
Publication of EP0317830A3 publication Critical patent/EP0317830A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0317830B1 publication Critical patent/EP0317830B1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
    • B21D11/20—Bending sheet metal, not otherwise provided for
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of bending a metal object by locally heating the object to plasticise the metal and by cooling the object thereafter as well as by repeating the heating and cooling step.
  • DE-16 27 490 A describes as general prior art the orientation of metal objects by locally restricted heating of the metal object in order to produce shrinking stresses within the object. Such shrinking stresses result from upsettings because of prevented heat expansion and subsequent cooling.
  • the special prior art of this publication refers to bending straight cylindrical pipes into an arc by first heating an inner section of the pipe up to a plastified state of the material and heating thereafter a corresponding outer section of the pipe joined by cooling of the sections. This sequence of steps can be repeated. Preferred is flame heating or heating by induction. Additionally, the parts between the inner section and the outer section to be heated can be cooled during heating, preferably by a protective inert gas. The locally heating sections have a shape of the surfaces similar to a rhombus, a diagonal of which extends in axial direction. This prior art method is not applicable for bending flat parallel objects especially of brittle or hard materials.
  • This object is achieved with the method of the generic kind in that a plate-shaped metal object is heated and cooled, in that the local heating is carried out on one side of the plate shaped metal object along a straight line which becomes the bending line, in that the heating along the straight line is performed such that the metal is partially melted and in that the metal is plasticised and melted to a depth smaller than the thickness of the plate-shaped metal object, wherein such heating causes an outflow of metal within the region of the bending line while subsequent cooling at ambient temperature or additionally in a stream of blown gas transforms the metal into solid state and causes shrinking of the metal perpendicularly to the bending line which results in a permanent bending deformation at an angle along the bending line.
  • plate-shaped metal objects can be bent at a predetermined angle without exertion of external forces. Such bending is successfully carried out even if the plate-shaped object consists of a brittle material or of a material of high strength or high hardness. Further, the method can be used for bending plate-shaped objects when access to them is difficult, i.e. under vacuum or under hazardous conditions as high tension, harmful radiation and the like.
  • the heating is performed with a focussed laser radiation beam or a concentrated high-power electron beam.
  • the surface of the heated metal is covered with a substance increasing the coefficient of absorption of the flow of energy.
  • the metal of the plate-shaped object being bent is subject to heating with concentrated flow of energy SE of laser radiation.
  • Application of the flow of energy SE of the laser radiation, moving at speed V along the bending line AA entails a local change in the condition of a region P of the metal characterised by different properties at depth G.
  • the temperature distribution of the heated material indicates additionally the material melting temperature T m .
  • the material of the first zone S1 and the second zone S2 flows out to occupy an increased volume as a result of the stresses caused by the effect of thermal expansion.
  • This temperature distribution related to melting temperature T m determines the size of the first zone S1 and the second zone S2 relative to material thickness L.
  • the material is cooled at ambient temperature or, additionally, in a stream of a blown gas.
  • the material within the region of the bending line, i.e. the liquid in first zone S1 and the plasticised material in the second zone S2 is transformed into solid state.
  • the boundary of the region encompassing the plasticising and melting zone in the heating phase has been marked with line U in Fig. 4.
  • the heating and cooling conditions are selected so that the tensile and compressive stresses created in the material should be much smaller than are their limit stresses.
  • the heating and cooling parameters such as the energy flow movement speed, the power of the energy flow, the absence or presence and nature of a layer absorbing the flow of energy, etc.
  • control is exercised on the magnitude of the stresses created in the material in order to obtain the desired angle of bending (Figs. 1 and 4) during one cycle of heating and cooling along the bending line.
  • the flat parallel slab shown in Figs. 1 and 2 has been subjected to a process of bending according to this present invention.
  • the slab 0.7 mm thick and 20 mm wide, is made of 50HSA steel and heated with a radiation beam of a continuously operating 300 W CO2 laser, the source of energy moving along line AA (Fig. 2) at the speed of 2.5 cm/sec.
  • the beam is directed perpendicularly to the surface of the slab.
  • the heating takes place under a protective argon atmosphere.
  • the slab was cooled in the ambient atmosphere within about 1 second. With such conditions after a single heating and cooling cycle, the slab was bent at the angle ⁇ of 2,8°.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé de cintrage d'un objet métallique par chauffage local de l'objet pour plastifier le métal et par refroidissement subséquent de l'objet ainsi que par répétition des étapes de chauffage et de refroidissement, caractérisé
    - en ce qu'un objet métallique en forme de plaque est chauffé (SE) et refroidi,
    - en ce que le chauffage local (SE) est réalisé sur un côté de l'objet métallique en forme de plaque suivant une ligne droite (AA) qui devient la ligne de cintrage,
    - en ce que le chauffage (SE) le long de la ligne droite (AA) est réalisé de telle manière que le métal est partiellement fondu (S1), et
    - en ce que le métal est plastifié (S2) et fondu (S1) jusqu'à une profondeur (G) inférieure à l'épaisseur (L) de l'objet métallique en forme de plaque,
    - ce chauffage (SE) provoquant un écoulement de métal dans la région de la ligne de cintrage tandis que le refroidissement subséquent à la température ambiante ou en plus dans un courant de gaz soufflé fait passer le métal à l'état solide et provoque un retrait du métal perpendiculairement à la ligne de cintrage, ce qui entraîne une déformation de cintrage permanente sous un angle (δ) le long de la ligne de cintrage (AA).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le chauffage (SE) est réalisé avec un faisceau laser focalisé ou un faisceau électronique concentré de haute énergie.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la surface du métal chauffé est recouverte d'une substance qui augmente le coefficient d'absorption du flux d'énergie (SE).
EP19880118683 1987-11-26 1988-11-09 Procédé de pliage d'objets métalliques Expired EP0317830B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL26903987A PL155358B1 (en) 1987-11-26 1987-11-26 Method of bending metal workpieces
PL269039 1987-11-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0317830A2 EP0317830A2 (fr) 1989-05-31
EP0317830A3 EP0317830A3 (en) 1990-05-23
EP0317830B1 true EP0317830B1 (fr) 1992-09-30

Family

ID=20039185

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880118683 Expired EP0317830B1 (fr) 1987-11-26 1988-11-09 Procédé de pliage d'objets métalliques

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0317830B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH01192423A (fr)
DE (1) DE3875078T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2035219T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL155358B1 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5142778A (en) * 1991-03-13 1992-09-01 United Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine component repair
FR2771471A1 (fr) 1997-11-24 1999-05-28 Siemens Ag Procede d'ajustement de la course d'aiguille dans des valves de dosage et valve de dosage ajustee par ce procede
WO2001039959A1 (fr) * 1999-12-03 2001-06-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede pour plier sans contact des pieces constituees d'une matiere synthetique thermoplastique, et piece pliee ou ajustee selon ledit procede
US6251328B1 (en) 1995-04-24 2001-06-26 Fraunhofer-Gesellshcaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Device and process for shaping workpieces with laser diode radiation
DE19958231A1 (de) * 1999-12-03 2001-07-05 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum berührungslosen Biegen von Teilen aus einem Kunststoff mit thermoplastischen Eigenschaften und nach diesem Verfahren gebogenes oder justiertes Teil
DE19958232A1 (de) * 1999-12-03 2001-07-05 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum berührungslosen Biegen von Teilen aus einem Kunststoff mit thermoplastischen Eigenschaften und nach diesem Verfahren gebogenes oder justiertes Teil
US7469831B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2008-12-30 Gsi Group Corporation Laser-based method and system for processing targeted surface material and article produced thereby

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3905551C3 (de) * 1989-02-23 1996-09-26 Laser Bearbeitungs Und Beratun Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Oberflächen mittels Laserstrahl
DE4235192C2 (de) * 1992-10-19 1996-05-30 Ttk Kunststoff Tech Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verformung, insbesondere zum Biegen, von im wesentlichen flächigen Gegenständen
PL299688A3 (en) * 1993-07-15 1995-01-23 Pan Method of bending metal workpieces
JP2796622B2 (ja) * 1996-03-07 1998-09-10 セイコーインスツルメンツ株式会社 微細加工方法および微細加工構造物
ATE298468T1 (de) 2001-04-12 2005-07-15 Finisar Corp Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung der mittenwellenlänge eines lasers, insbesondere eines halbleiterlasers
DE10118451A1 (de) 2001-04-12 2002-10-24 Aifotec Ag Fiberoptics Justierverfahren, insbesondere Laser-Justierverfahren, und hierfür geeigneter Aktor
DE10128827A1 (de) 2001-06-15 2003-01-09 Aifotec Ag Fiberoptics Justierverfahren, insbesondere Laser-Justierverfahren und hierfür geeigneter Aktor
CN100434203C (zh) * 2006-02-28 2008-11-19 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 铝镁合金船体水火矫正方法
CN105414246A (zh) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-23 西北工业大学 钛合金激光弯曲成形零件弯曲角的预测方法
CN114101391B (zh) * 2021-09-08 2023-06-09 蓝箭航天空间科技股份有限公司 航天用大型尺寸低刚度件的矫形方法及液体火箭

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2428825A (en) * 1941-02-27 1947-10-14 Linde Air Prod Co Method of controlling distortion, straightening distorted objects, and/or altering the shape of metal objects
DE888401C (de) * 1943-07-20 1953-08-31 Administration Sequestre Des R Verfahren zum Richten von Werkstuecken
DE1160815B (de) * 1959-07-21 1964-01-09 Hoesch Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Profilen aus kaltgewalzten oder vergueteten Stahl- undNichteisenmetallbaendern
DE1627490A1 (de) * 1967-06-07 1970-05-06 Babcock & Wilcox Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Boegen
JPS62110883A (ja) * 1985-11-09 1987-05-21 Mitsubishi Electric Corp ド−ム状構造物の製造方法
JPS62134118A (ja) * 1985-12-05 1987-06-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 板ばねの形状精度修正方法
JPS62134117A (ja) * 1985-12-05 1987-06-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 管の製造方法

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5142778A (en) * 1991-03-13 1992-09-01 United Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine component repair
EP0504095A3 (en) * 1991-03-13 1992-10-28 United Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine component repair
US6251328B1 (en) 1995-04-24 2001-06-26 Fraunhofer-Gesellshcaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Device and process for shaping workpieces with laser diode radiation
FR2771471A1 (fr) 1997-11-24 1999-05-28 Siemens Ag Procede d'ajustement de la course d'aiguille dans des valves de dosage et valve de dosage ajustee par ce procede
WO2001039959A1 (fr) * 1999-12-03 2001-06-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procede pour plier sans contact des pieces constituees d'une matiere synthetique thermoplastique, et piece pliee ou ajustee selon ledit procede
DE19958231A1 (de) * 1999-12-03 2001-07-05 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum berührungslosen Biegen von Teilen aus einem Kunststoff mit thermoplastischen Eigenschaften und nach diesem Verfahren gebogenes oder justiertes Teil
DE19958232A1 (de) * 1999-12-03 2001-07-05 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum berührungslosen Biegen von Teilen aus einem Kunststoff mit thermoplastischen Eigenschaften und nach diesem Verfahren gebogenes oder justiertes Teil
DE19958231B4 (de) * 1999-12-03 2005-10-06 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum berührungslosen Biegen von Teilen aus einem Kunststoff mit thermoplastischen Eigenschaften und nach diesem Verfahren gebogenes oder justiertes Teil
US7469831B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2008-12-30 Gsi Group Corporation Laser-based method and system for processing targeted surface material and article produced thereby

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL155358B1 (en) 1991-11-29
DE3875078D1 (de) 1992-11-05
DE3875078T2 (de) 1993-02-18
EP0317830A2 (fr) 1989-05-31
ES2035219T3 (es) 1993-04-16
EP0317830A3 (en) 1990-05-23
JPH01192423A (ja) 1989-08-02
PL269039A1 (en) 1989-05-30

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