EP0318172A2 - Verfahren zum Verdichten von körnigen Massen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Verdichten von körnigen Massen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0318172A2
EP0318172A2 EP88310473A EP88310473A EP0318172A2 EP 0318172 A2 EP0318172 A2 EP 0318172A2 EP 88310473 A EP88310473 A EP 88310473A EP 88310473 A EP88310473 A EP 88310473A EP 0318172 A2 EP0318172 A2 EP 0318172A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mass
probe
force
water
densification
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88310473A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0318172A3 (de
Inventor
William E. Hodge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Phoenix Engineering Ltd
Original Assignee
Phoenix Engineering Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phoenix Engineering Ltd filed Critical Phoenix Engineering Ltd
Publication of EP0318172A2 publication Critical patent/EP0318172A2/de
Publication of EP0318172A3 publication Critical patent/EP0318172A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/26—Compacting soil locally before forming foundations; Construction of foundation structures by forcing binding substances into gravel fillings

Definitions

  • This application pertains to a method for densifying or compacting saturated (or nearly saturated) particulate masses by actively withdrawing water from the particulate mass while applying a vibratory force to the mass.
  • Vibrating densification probes are conventionally used to compact particulate masses before structures are placed thereupon. If this were not done then subsequent settling of the particulate mass or failure due to liquefaction beneath the structure could damage the structure and/or endanger the safety of persons or objects within or near the structure.
  • densification probes are relatively simple devices consist­ing of an extended conduit which is forced into the particulate mass and a motor means for causing the probe to vibrate within the mass, thereby compacting or "densifying" the particulate mass.
  • the inventor believes that conventional densification probes waste considerable amounts of energy due to the presence of pressurized pore water trapped in the interstices between individual particles which make up the particulate mass. More particularly, the inventor believes that pressurized pore water in the region surrounding a conventional densification probe absorbs a considerable amount of the energy produced by vibration of the probe and that this energy does not contribute to the desired compaction of the particulate mass. By contrast, the vibrational energy produced by a conventional probe tends to increase the pressure of the entrapped pore water, which escapes from the densification region by flowing upwardly therethrough. Such flow tends to loosen, rather than densify the mass.
  • the density of a mass of fill located under water may be significantly increased by drawing water into the fill pile as fresh fill material is added to the pile, the reason being that water which flows into the sides of the accumulating fill pile tends to support the side slopes of the pile as they are formed, consequently enabling the formation of a steeper, denser pile.
  • the inventor now believes that a similar principle may be applied to significantly improve the process of densification of particulate masses which may or may not be constructed under water, but which are saturated (or nearly saturated) with pressurized pore water.
  • the invention provides a method of densifying a saturated particulate mass.
  • a compacting force is applied to the mass and the release of water from within the mass is concurrent­ly controlled to prevent water release in a direction away from the source of application of the force.
  • water is actively withdrawn (i.e. pumped) from the mass toward the source of application of the force.
  • Probe 10 has an extended pipe-like con­figuration with a pointed end 12 which assists in forcing probe 10 into the particulate mass which is to be compacted or "densified". Pointed end 12 could be replaced by a drill bit, or auger to allow the probe to be screwed into the ground through soil layers which are uncommonly dense or hard. It is worth noting that conventional probes could not be manipulated in this way because their power supply cables and general deployment arrangement would interfere. By contrast, probe 10 could be deployed with the aid of a drilling rig which could rotate the probe at will.
  • Pipe casing 14 surrounds a cylindrical cavity 16 within which eccentric weight 18 is journaled for rotation on bearings 20, 22 which are mounted at the opposed ends of weight 18.
  • a second pipe casing 24 defines another cylindri­cal cavity containing air motor 26 which is drivingly coupled to weight 18 such that operation of motor 26 causes weight 18 to rotate about the longitudinal axis of probe 10, thereby gene­rating vibratory forces.
  • a third pipe casing 28 contains another cylindrical cavity which contains first conduit means 30, second conduit means 32 and third conduit means 34.
  • a well screen 36 is mounted within a cylindrical segment of the outer surface of pipe casing 28 so that water may pass from the region surrounding probe 10 into first conduit means 30 for subsequent withdrawal from probe 10.
  • the relative location of well screen 36 is not crucial.
  • probe 10 could be redesigned to position well screen 36 around, or beneath motor 26 rather than above it as illustrated in the drawings.
  • Motor 26 is preferably air powered with the aid of an external compressed air source (not shown). Compressed air passes to motor 26 through second conduit means 32 and through the passages within pipe casing 24 indicated with the aid of arrows 38. Air is in turn expelled from motor 26 through the passages in pipe casings 24, 28 indicated with the aid of arrows 40 and then passes into third conduit means 34 for ultimate explusion from probe 10.
  • First conduit means 30 merges into third conduit means 34 as indicated at 42. Air expelled from motor 26 through third conduit means 34 rushes past point 42, thereby creating a low pressure zone within first conduit means 30 adjacent the interior surface of well screen 36. Pore water in the region surrounding probe 10 thus tends to flow through well screen 36, through first conduit means 30 and past point 42 into third conduit means 34, such that the pore water is ultimately extracted from probe 10 through third conduit means 34, together with the air expelled from motor 26.
  • probe 10 is positioned on the surface of the particulate mass which is to be compacted or "densified", with pointed end 12 on that surface.
  • the mass in question will be saturated or nearly saturated with pressurized pore water.
  • Probe 10 would normally be positioned perpendicular to the surface of the mass but could be placed at an inclination to the vertical in some cases (for example to densify the side slopes of an underwater fill pile).
  • Compressed air is fed to air motor 26 in the manner aforesaid to rotate eccentric weight 18, thereby causing probe 10 to vibrate and work its way into the particulate mass to a desired depth.
  • the invention enjoys at least two significant ad­vantages over the prior art.
  • the prior art is incapable of densifying saturated masses which lie on a slope (i.e. tailings dams) because prior art vibrators would tend to liquefy the mass, resulting in failure of the slope.
  • the invention by contrast, would stabilize the slope while densifying the mass.
  • prior art probes are large, bulky devices which normally require heavy cranes and large power supplies to operate. Probe 10 could however be made in short (i.e. about five foot) lengths and could therefore easily be manhandled and operated in areas of restricted headroom.
  • present indications are that a probe constructed in accordance with the invention and driven by a ten horsepower motor will attain the same preformance as a prior art probe driven by a one hundred horsepower motor.
  • first conduit means 30 surrounds second and third conduit means 32, 34; and, third conduit means 34 surrounds second conduit means 32
  • first conduit means 30 surrounds second and third conduit means 32, 34
  • third conduit means 34 surrounds second conduit means 32

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP88310473A 1987-11-23 1988-11-08 Verfahren zum Verdichten von körnigen Massen Withdrawn EP0318172A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11021287A 1987-11-23 1987-11-23
US110212 1987-11-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0318172A2 true EP0318172A2 (de) 1989-05-31
EP0318172A3 EP0318172A3 (de) 1989-11-29

Family

ID=22331807

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88310473A Withdrawn EP0318172A3 (de) 1987-11-23 1988-11-08 Verfahren zum Verdichten von körnigen Massen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0318172A3 (de)
JP (1) JPH01244013A (de)
AU (1) AU2500888A (de)
CA (1) CA1338305C (de)
ZA (1) ZA888485B (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19628769A1 (de) * 1996-07-17 1996-12-12 Bul Sachsen Gmbh Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Tiefenverdichtung von bindigem und nichtbindigem Verdichtungsgut (z. B. Lockergestein) und/oder zur Bestimmung des Verdichtungszustandes des Verdichtungsgutes und seines räumlichen und zeitlichen Verhaltens
DE19822290A1 (de) * 1998-05-18 1999-12-09 Bul Sachsen Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Rütteldruck- und Rüttelstopfverdichtung von bindigem und nichtbindigem Verdichtungsgut
DE102014225726A1 (de) * 2014-12-12 2016-06-16 Maik Kettner Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Baugrundverbesserung
US20180327200A1 (en) * 2017-05-09 2018-11-15 V William E. Hodge Method and apparatus to reduce volume occupied by dry particulate commodities during transportation or storage
CN109853563A (zh) * 2018-12-31 2019-06-07 相城区黄桥宜智机电技术服务部 一种水冲振冲器

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2881260B2 (ja) * 1990-11-30 1999-04-12 清水建設株式会社 砂地盤の液状化防止工法

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19628769A1 (de) * 1996-07-17 1996-12-12 Bul Sachsen Gmbh Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Tiefenverdichtung von bindigem und nichtbindigem Verdichtungsgut (z. B. Lockergestein) und/oder zur Bestimmung des Verdichtungszustandes des Verdichtungsgutes und seines räumlichen und zeitlichen Verhaltens
DE19628769C2 (de) * 1996-07-17 1998-06-10 Bul Sachsen Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Tiefenverdichtung von bindigem und nichtbindigem Verdichtungsgut
DE19822290A1 (de) * 1998-05-18 1999-12-09 Bul Sachsen Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Rütteldruck- und Rüttelstopfverdichtung von bindigem und nichtbindigem Verdichtungsgut
DE19822290C2 (de) * 1998-05-18 2003-01-02 Bul Sachsen Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Rütteldruck- und Rüttelstopfverdichtung von bindigem und nichtbindigem Verdichtungsgut
DE102014225726A1 (de) * 2014-12-12 2016-06-16 Maik Kettner Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur Baugrundverbesserung
US10774494B2 (en) 2014-12-12 2020-09-15 Maik Kettner Methods and devices for improving the subsoil
US20180327200A1 (en) * 2017-05-09 2018-11-15 V William E. Hodge Method and apparatus to reduce volume occupied by dry particulate commodities during transportation or storage
US10696502B2 (en) * 2017-05-09 2020-06-30 William E HODGE Method and apparatus to reduce volume occupied by dry particulate commodities during transportation or storage
CN109853563A (zh) * 2018-12-31 2019-06-07 相城区黄桥宜智机电技术服务部 一种水冲振冲器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01244013A (ja) 1989-09-28
ZA888485B (en) 1989-07-26
AU2500888A (en) 1989-05-25
EP0318172A3 (de) 1989-11-29
CA1338305C (en) 1996-05-07

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