EP0319876A2 - Avertisseur de mouvement avec détecteur infrarouge - Google Patents

Avertisseur de mouvement avec détecteur infrarouge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0319876A2
EP0319876A2 EP88120222A EP88120222A EP0319876A2 EP 0319876 A2 EP0319876 A2 EP 0319876A2 EP 88120222 A EP88120222 A EP 88120222A EP 88120222 A EP88120222 A EP 88120222A EP 0319876 A2 EP0319876 A2 EP 0319876A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
collecting optics
motion detector
radiation
optics
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88120222A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0319876A3 (fr
Inventor
Berthold Geck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB AG Germany
ABB AB
Original Assignee
Asea Brown Boveri AG Germany
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asea Brown Boveri AG Germany, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical Asea Brown Boveri AG Germany
Publication of EP0319876A2 publication Critical patent/EP0319876A2/fr
Publication of EP0319876A3 publication Critical patent/EP0319876A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/19—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/193—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems using focusing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S250/00—Radiant energy
    • Y10S250/01—Passive intrusion detectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a motion detector of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Motion detectors with infrared detectors are becoming increasingly popular for room surveillance both inside and outside buildings. As passive detectors, they respond directly to radiation objects that emit thermal radiation. Such a radiation object is also a person, for example, who penetrates into a room to be monitored. There is therefore no need for an additional transmitter, as is required for other types of motion detectors. Another advantage is that modern infrared detectors enable a large detection area that extends up to 180 °, so that a detector attached to a wall can detect a wide solid angle lying in front of this wall.
  • an infrared detector which focuses thermal radiation recorded from a monitored room with the aid of collecting optics onto a sensor which is sensitive in the infrared range.
  • the collecting optics consist of a large number of interconnected individual collecting lenses which are arranged in a semicircle around the detector. Each individual converging lens thus forms a strip-shaped segment of an axially segmented cylinder cutout.
  • the converging lenses have the structure of a Fresnel lens, so that a wide detection area is guaranteed not only radially to the cylindrical converging optics, but also axially along the strip-shaped converging lens.
  • a special feature of the infrared detector according to the aforementioned publication is that two mutually staggered mirrors in the vicinity of the optical axis of the collecting optics let rays incident directly to the sensor, on the other hand deflect the rays that are more distant from the optical axis so that they are at an acute angle to the optical axis Hit the axis on the sensor. This ensures that the sensor, which attains its highest sensitivity with perpendicularly incident radiation, also evaluates the very obliquely, ie up to 90 ° to the optical axis, rays with approximately the same sensitivity.
  • a detector of the type described is mounted on a wall in such a way that the axis of the cylindrical collecting optics is aligned vertically, it can at least extend the plane horizontally in front of it to the wall to which it is attached, monitor. There is a radiation object in the monitored space, this can only be registered by the sensor if it is located in the area of the main beam of one of the converging lenses. Because only a bundle of rays parallel to the main beam is focused on the sensor by the respective converging lens.
  • the bundles of rays also emanating from the radiation object and detected by the other converging lenses generate further focal points which, although they fall in the same focal plane in which the sensor is arranged, are however further away from the center of the sensor, the greater the angle of incidence forms the beam with the main beam of the respective lens.
  • the focal points of the individual segments also move along the focal plane on a straight line that runs through the sensor. As soon as the radiation object reaches the main beam of the next segment, its focal point falls on the sensor and this is repeated in both directions up to the last segment closest to the wall.
  • switching signals can be used to control an alarm system or, if necessary, to switch on the lighting in a room.
  • a radiation object enters the monitored space in the radial direction of the cylindrical collecting lens, it could move on a straight line which is called Bisector between the main rays of two adjacent segments. In this case it can be assumed that neither of the two focal points of these segments falls on the sensor, so that no signal can be generated.
  • the object of the invention is to design the motion detector so that a practically complete room monitoring can take place, so that in particular movements of a radiation object are also detected which are directed directly towards or away from the motion detector.
  • the solution according to the invention has the advantage that an already existing collecting optics can continue to be used unchanged, and only an additional deflecting optics has to be inserted.
  • Various alternative solutions that are relatively easy to implement are available for implementing the deflection optics.
  • the formation of the radiation maxima is irrelevant as long as it is ensured that they hit the sensor one after the other. In the case of punctiform and stripe-shaped radiation maxima, this is the case as soon as there is an optically effective distance between them. With radiation maxima arranged in a ring, the diameter of the rings must be relatively large in relation to the active area of the sensor.
  • the number of pulses that can be achieved per segment of the collecting optics can be increased not only by additional radiation maxima, but also by several sensor elements that are spatially separated from one another and assigned to a sensor.
  • An active surface of a sensor e.g. a lithium tantalate crystal can be understood. If the sensor elements are electrically connected to one another, each radiation maximum, once it has traveled through the space between two sensor elements, generates a signal on the subsequent sensor element upon entry and exit.
  • the sensor elements are normally connected in series, with a reverse-pole series connection being possible in special cases.
  • signals of different polarity are generated, so that the total amplitude between the amplitude peaks increases to twice the value.
  • Such arrangements are also used to form the difference, which makes it possible to supply the two sensor elements with rays from different segments of the collecting optics and thus also different areas of the monitored space, in order to thus eliminate all-effective radiation sources, such as solar radiation.
  • In Connection with the above invention would have to ensure that only one radiation maximum hits one of the two sensor elements at the same time, so that their signals do not compensate for one another.
  • the individual segments of the collecting optics can be realized in a known manner as collecting lenses or also with the aid of focusing concave mirrors.
  • the collecting optics also include any mirrors to be inserted, which are used to deflect at least some of the beams.
  • the Fresnel lens represents a particularly expedient collecting lens, since it enables a wide detection area, which extends particularly in the vertical direction in a motion detector of the present type.
  • a simple way of realizing the deflection optics is to arrange a diffraction grating in front of or behind the collecting optics.
  • the diffraction grating like the collecting optics, is positioned concentrically to the sensor.
  • each segment of the collecting optics is assigned a fixed number of grid columns (grid grid) or grid holes (cross grid).
  • a deflection corresponding to the diffraction grating can also be achieved with the aid of a diffraction screen, which would also have to be arranged on a surface which is concentric with the collecting optics.
  • columns or fine wires take the place of gaps, which in the same way enable the generation of radiation maxima by diffraction.
  • Another alternative to generating a plurality of radiation maxima is obtained by inserting one or more diffraction elements as deflection optics into the common beam path of all or at least several segments of the collecting optics, which are now no longer assigned to the individual segments of the collecting optics but to the sensor .
  • the position of the focal point relative to the sensor may have to be changed so that the focal point comes to lie in the area of the deflection optics.
  • the number of signals per segment of the collecting optics can be increased by the number of sensor elements. This is a similar effect achievable that one can optically share a relatively large active sensor element by interrupting the beam path between the collecting optics and the sensor by a cover element. If the interruption takes place in such a way that the rays in front of and behind the screen fall on a partial area of the sensor element, the number of signals is doubled.
  • the detector consists of a collecting optic 1, a diffraction grating 3, a mirror 4 and a sensor 5.
  • the collecting optic 1 is segmented in the vertical direction or axially so that each segment 2 forms its own collecting lens, all of which are closed focused their main beam parallel incident rays on a focal point, in the plane of which the sensor 5 is arranged.
  • FIG. 2 The illustration in FIG. 2 is intended to clarify the principle of operation of the diffraction grating 3. It is assumed that this is a diffraction grating 3 with a plurality of gaps 16 arranged in parallel.
  • the parallel rays 8 incident in parallel from a correspondingly distant radiation object to a main beam 6 are focused by a Fresnel lens 2. After emerging from the Fresnel lens 2, they meet the diffraction grating 3, with diffraction taking place in a known manner at each slit 16. In addition to the focal point that lies on the main beam 6, this results in further radiation maxima 10.
  • a two-dimensional cross grating with a diffraction spectrum known per se can also be used as the diffraction grating.
  • a radiation object 13 moves tangentially to the cylindrically curved collection optics 1
  • the focal points of all segments 2 of the collection optics also move as soon as they receive part of the radiation emanating from the radiation object 13 capture, along the focal plane 15.
  • a main beam 6 is first shown, which passes through a segment 2 arranged symmetrically to the optical axis and hits the sensor element 7 of the sensor 5 uninterrupted. All rays parallel to the main ray 6 generate a common focal point here.
  • an angular beam 9 is formed which is incident at an acute angle to the main beam of segment 2 and is deflected by the latter towards sensor element 7, but no longer strikes it. I.e. the focal point of the rays incident through the segment 2 has now migrated out of the sensor element 7.
  • a signal is produced. Another signal arises from the fact that the radiation object 13 in position B reaches the main beam 6 'of the adjacent segment 2' and thereby its focal point falls on the sensor element 7.
  • Trigger signal at sensor 5 is as small as possible. Because with a very small ⁇ S it can be assumed that a tangential movement 11 which can be registered also takes place in connection with a radial movement 12.
  • a signal is generated at the sensor 5 when a radiation maximum moving along the focal plane 15 strikes or leaves a sensor element.
  • the distance ⁇ X between the focal points of two segments 2 determines the distance ⁇ S.
  • the critical path ⁇ S can be reduced with otherwise identical optical conditions. In relation to the entire detection range of the collecting optics, this means an increase in the number of radiation maxima; an approximately equal distance between the radiation maxima is assumed.
  • a diffraction grating 3 which is arranged behind the collecting optics 1.
  • the diffraction grating which is preferably to be provided with diffraction slits, could in principle also be arranged in front of the collecting optics 1, but behind it it is in particular protected against contamination.
  • the diffraction grating has the effect that the focal points of all the heat rays incident through the segments 2 in parallel are quasi divided into a plurality of radiation maxima, so that the number of radiation maxima is thereby multiplied.
  • FIG. 3 there are only two further radiation maxima lying symmetrically to the main beam 6 10 drawn. However, it can be seen that this already reduces the distance between two adjacent radiation maxima to ⁇ X '. This also shortens the critical distance ⁇ S, but this is not shown. It can also be assumed that when the radiation object 13 approaches the collecting optics 1, the diffraction changes somewhat, and the radiation maxima are also shifted somewhat as a result.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
EP88120222A 1987-12-11 1988-12-03 Avertisseur de mouvement avec détecteur infrarouge Withdrawn EP0319876A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3742031 1987-12-11
DE19873742031 DE3742031A1 (de) 1987-12-11 1987-12-11 Bewegungsmelder mit einem infrarotdetektor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0319876A2 true EP0319876A2 (fr) 1989-06-14
EP0319876A3 EP0319876A3 (fr) 1990-05-30

Family

ID=6342380

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88120222A Withdrawn EP0319876A3 (fr) 1987-12-11 1988-12-03 Avertisseur de mouvement avec détecteur infrarouge

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4893014A (fr)
EP (1) EP0319876A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3742031A1 (fr)
NO (1) NO173476C (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH676642A5 (fr) * 1988-09-22 1991-02-15 Cerberus Ag
DE4006631C2 (de) * 1990-03-03 1994-11-24 Berker Geb Schutzabdeckung für einen passiven Infrarotbewegungsmelder mit der Möglichkeit, einen Überwachungsbereich einzustellen
DE4100536A1 (de) * 1991-01-10 1992-07-16 Hochkoepper Paul Gmbh Infrarotbewegungsmelder
DE4445196A1 (de) * 1994-12-17 1996-06-20 Abb Patent Gmbh Bewegungsmelder zur Erfassung der aus einem zu überwachenden Raumbereich kommenden Strahlung
IL112396A (en) * 1995-01-19 1999-05-09 Holo Or Ltd Intrusion detector
DE29503531U1 (de) * 1995-03-03 1995-05-18 REV Ritter GmbH, 63776 Mömbris Bewegungsmelder mit Infrarotsensor
DE19532680A1 (de) * 1995-09-05 1997-03-06 Telefunken Microelectron Optisches System
DE19822053B4 (de) * 1998-05-16 2007-01-18 Insta Elektro Gmbh Fresnellinsenanordnung für Passiv-Infrarot-Bewegungsmelder
US7297953B2 (en) * 2005-04-13 2007-11-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Infrared detecting apparatus
US20070030148A1 (en) * 2005-08-04 2007-02-08 Gekkotek, Llc Motion-activated switch finder
GB2509884B (en) 2011-11-16 2018-10-17 Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh Motion detection systems and methodologies

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH651941A5 (de) * 1979-09-10 1985-10-15 Cerberus Ag Optische anordnung fuer einen strahlungsdetektor.
US4484075A (en) * 1982-05-17 1984-11-20 Cerberus Ag Infrared intrusion detector with beam indicators
DE3235250C3 (de) * 1982-09-23 1996-04-25 Maul & Partner Gmbh Wirtschaft Facettenoptik zum Erfassen von Strahlung aus einem großen Raumwinkel, insbesondere für Bewegungsmelder
DE3381729D1 (de) * 1983-01-05 1990-08-16 Zueblin Marcel Optisches bauelement zum umlenken optischer strahlen.
US4625115A (en) * 1984-12-11 1986-11-25 American District Telegraph Company Ceiling mountable passive infrared intrusion detection system
US4772797A (en) * 1986-09-08 1988-09-20 Cerberus Ag Ceiling mounted passive infrared intrusion detector with prismatic window
US4790654A (en) * 1987-07-17 1988-12-13 Trw Inc. Spectral filter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO885487L (no) 1989-06-12
NO885487D0 (no) 1988-12-09
EP0319876A3 (fr) 1990-05-30
DE3742031A1 (de) 1989-06-22
NO173476B (no) 1993-09-06
US4893014A (en) 1990-01-09
NO173476C (no) 1993-12-15

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