EP0321370A1 - Verfahren zur Veränderung des Kühlvermögens von wässrigen Flüssigkeiten zur Härtung von Metall-Legierungen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Veränderung des Kühlvermögens von wässrigen Flüssigkeiten zur Härtung von Metall-Legierungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0321370A1 EP0321370A1 EP19880420422 EP88420422A EP0321370A1 EP 0321370 A1 EP0321370 A1 EP 0321370A1 EP 19880420422 EP19880420422 EP 19880420422 EP 88420422 A EP88420422 A EP 88420422A EP 0321370 A1 EP0321370 A1 EP 0321370A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lcst
- chosen
- water
- soluble
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 21
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 alkaline earth metal salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002432 poly(vinyl methyl ether) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical group CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001832 dioxo-lambda(5)-chloranyloxy group Chemical group *OCl(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 4
- 229910020489 SiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 9
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Substances [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004835 Na2B4O7 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011557 critical solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001415961 Gaviidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003254 anti-foaming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- YBVAXJOZZAJCLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O.O[N+]([O-])=O YBVAXJOZZAJCLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metaborate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]B=O NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for modifying the cooling power of aqueous media intended for the quenching of metal alloys, these media being made up of so-called reverse-soluble water-soluble organic polymers, which precipitate by increasing the temperature. It also relates to aqueous quenching fluids, the cooling power of which can be modified by adding water-soluble additives.
- the "cloud point" of a polymer solution can be considered as a physical constant of this solution and that it can be determined by measuring the absorption coefficient of light as a function of temperature, through a cell containing this solution. At the point of trouble, there is an abrupt discontinuity in the transmission which spans a few tenths of kelvins.
- the quenching of a metal part in an aqueous cooling fluid generally comprises three phases. If we take the case of a steel part previously brought to a temperature of about 850 ° C: - the first stage is that of calefaction. The part is surrounded by a vapor sheath that isolates it from the liquid and slows down cooling.
- This stage may however, depending on the conditions of the operation, not exist or be eliminated by various means well known to specialists.
- the second stage is that of nucleated boiling, that is to say the formation of vapor bubbles on a large number of points of the part.
- the third stage corresponds to cooling by conduction and convection, by direct contact between the part and the quenching fluid.
- each quenching medium and at equal initial temperature of the quenched parts, to draw temperature curves as a function of time and of the cooling rate as a function of time or of temperature (derivative curves) which are called often: "drasticity curves".
- the quenching medium is selected so as to slow or accelerate the cooling in the zones of high temperature or in the zone below approximately 300 ° C. (critical zone of the martensitic transformation) in which deformation or even "quenching nipples" may occur.
- this requires a whole range of quenching fluids, each corresponding to a type of alloy.
- the present invention proposes to solve this problem. It relates to a process for modifying the cooling power of at least one organic polymer with reverse solubility, having a lower critical solubility temperature (usually abbreviated as LCST, Low critical solution temperature) this process being characterized in that one adds to the aqueous solution of said polymer a controlled amount of a water-soluble additive which modifies said critical temperature as the case may be, increasing or decreasing.
- LCST Low critical solubility temperature
- These additives are chosen: - among certain water-soluble mineral salts if the LCST is to be reduced; however, some organic compounds also have this property - among certain water-soluble organic compounds, but at the same time relatively hydrophobic, if one wants to increase (or in some cases, decrease) the LCST.
- These additions are made at doses of between 0 and 200 grams per liter of the quenching medium.
- Another object of the invention is an aqueous medium for the quenching of metal alloys, comprising at least one water-soluble polymer with reverse solubility, with an LCST point, characterized in that it comprises, in addition, at least one additive intended to modify, in a controlled manner, its LCST point, increasing or decreasing, and thus to model the cooling curve.
- the invention applies in particular, but not limited to, quenching media based on oxyethylene polymers, oxyethylene and oxypropylene copolymers known under the trade name "EMKAROX” (registered trademark of Imperial Chemical Industries ), in which the propylene oxide (OP) / ethylene oxide (OE) ratio can be between 0 and 1, as well as PVME (polyvinyl methyl ethers), PDME (polydimethoxyethylene) polymers, to name only the main ones.
- the orders of efficiency of cations, anions and salts are as follows (indicated in the order of decreasing efficiency): - At equal molar concentration: K+, Na+, Ca+, Mg++, Zn++, Li+ B4O7 ⁇ , PO4 ⁇ , CO3 ⁇ , SiO3 ⁇ , SO4 ⁇ , F ⁇ , Cl ⁇ , CH3COO ⁇ , Br ⁇ , ClO3 ⁇ , I ⁇ , Na3PO4, Na2B4O7, Na2CO3, Na2SiO3, K2SO4, MgSO4, ZnSO4, Li2SO4, KF, NaCH3CO2, KCl, NaCl, CaCL2, MgCl2, KBr, KClO3, LiCl, KI.
- additives will be preferred whose efficiency is greatest so as to limit the salt concentration of the quenching medium to the strict minimum for obvious reasons.
- Figure 1 embodies all that has just been exposed on the effect of the two groups of additives; we note, moreover, that the cloud point is lowered in a substantially linear manner, by addition of increasing amounts of mineral salts: it appears that the disodium carbonate Na2CO3 has, at equal concentration, an efficiency greater than that of sodium metaborate ( Borax).
- Borax sodium metaborate
- Propylene glycol and acetamide raise the cloud point more effectively than their respective lower counterparts, ethylene glycol and formamide, while the effect of potassium iodide is insignificant as previously reported. .
- Table I gives the characteristics of the solutions used for the drasticity measurements.
- the basic solution is EMKAROX FC31-165000 at 4% by weight.
- ADDITIVE Na2CO3 KI Propylene glycol conc. % 0 0.76 1.52 3.04 4 5 10 20 viscosity (cp) 1 1.03 1.06 1.13 0.96 1.2 1.4 1.8 viscosity 3.5 3.4 3.27 3.01 3.46 4.14 4.72 5.9 ⁇ cm.
- FIG. 2 shows the influence of the additions of sodium carbonate according to Table 1 on the shape of the cooling curves, the initial temperature of the quenched steel part being 850 ° C.
- This influence which is not very marked in the nucleated boiling zone is amplified in the conduction / convection cooling zone, below 300 ° C. where there is a noticeable reduction in the cooling rate.
- FIG. 4 which corresponds to the same conditions as FIG. 2, the additive being propylene glycol, shows that the modeling effect of the drasticity curve begins at 850 ° C., with a significant decrease in the cooling rate, and reverses below about 300 ° C.
- FIG. 10 shows the variations in the cooling rate in the range 25-300 ° C. (approximately) as a function of the cloud point for three temperatures: 100, 150 and 200 ° C. and for several concentrations of disodium carbonate, disodium phosphate, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and potassium iodide.
- the present invention provides a solution to the problem of the multiplicity of aqueous quenching fluids required by the treatment of parts made of different alloys or requiring different quenching speeds in particular temperature ranges. It is possible to model the cooling curve at the option of the users, from a single solution of water-soluble polymer, to which a cloud point of a predetermined value can be given. It also allows, on a secondary basis, to correct the effect, on the point of cloudiness of auxiliary additives, such as biocides, defoamers, anticorrosives, etc. Finally, it can temporarily restore the LCST point on solutions which begin to be affected by aging due to prolonged use, for example to complete a series of quenches before the complete renewal of the solution.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT88420422T ATE76104T1 (de) | 1987-12-17 | 1988-12-15 | Verfahren zur veraenderung des kuehlvermoegens von waessrigen fluessigkeiten zur haertung von metalllegierungen. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8718109A FR2624875B1 (fr) | 1987-12-17 | 1987-12-17 | Procede de modification du pouvoir refroidissant de milieux aqueux destines a la trempe d'alliages metalliques |
| FR8718109 | 1987-12-17 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0321370A1 true EP0321370A1 (de) | 1989-06-21 |
| EP0321370B1 EP0321370B1 (de) | 1992-05-13 |
Family
ID=9358269
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88420422A Expired - Lifetime EP0321370B1 (de) | 1987-12-17 | 1988-12-15 | Verfahren zur Veränderung des Kühlvermögens von wässrigen Flüssigkeiten zur Härtung von Metall-Legierungen |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0321370B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH0637665B2 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE76104T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3871106D1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2037267T3 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2624875B1 (de) |
| GR (1) | GR3005214T3 (de) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994026939A1 (en) * | 1993-05-18 | 1994-11-24 | Aluminum Company Of America | A method of heat treating metal with liquid coolant containing dissolved gas |
| EP0897995A1 (de) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-24 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Gussstück aus Leichtmetal, Wärmbehandlungsverfahren |
| EP0967292A1 (de) * | 1998-06-24 | 1999-12-29 | Durferrit SARL | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kühlvermögens eines Flüssigkeits |
| WO2002008137A3 (de) * | 2000-07-24 | 2002-05-30 | Henkel Kgaa | Teilchenförmiges kompositmaterial zur gesteuerten freisetzung eines wirkstoffs |
| CN104136634A (zh) * | 2012-03-02 | 2014-11-05 | 出光兴产株式会社 | 水系冷却剂 |
| US10633611B2 (en) | 2013-03-26 | 2020-04-28 | Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Water-soluble metal working oil agent |
| WO2020178112A1 (de) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-09-10 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Verfahren zur beschleunigten abkühlung von stahlflachprodukten |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6227248B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-27 | 2017-11-08 | 出光興産株式会社 | 水系冷却剤 |
| JP7357535B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-17 | 2023-10-06 | 三井化学株式会社 | アルキレンオキシド重合体の製造方法 |
| JP7422530B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-17 | 2024-01-26 | 三井化学株式会社 | アルキレンオキシド重合体の曇点測定用溶媒 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3022205A (en) * | 1958-05-14 | 1962-02-20 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of quenching and quenching liquid |
| US3475232A (en) * | 1966-11-23 | 1969-10-28 | Houghton & Co E F | Method of quenching |
| DE3345253A1 (de) * | 1982-12-16 | 1984-07-12 | PCUK Produits Chimiques Ugine Kuhlmann, Paris | Verfahren zum abschrecken von eisenlegierungen in waesserigem medium |
| EP0206347A1 (de) * | 1985-06-28 | 1986-12-30 | Union Carbide Corporation | Abschreckverfahren |
-
1987
- 1987-12-17 FR FR8718109A patent/FR2624875B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-12-15 JP JP63317575A patent/JPH0637665B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-15 AT AT88420422T patent/ATE76104T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-15 ES ES198888420422T patent/ES2037267T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-15 DE DE8888420422T patent/DE3871106D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-12-15 EP EP88420422A patent/EP0321370B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-07-16 GR GR920401542T patent/GR3005214T3/el unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3022205A (en) * | 1958-05-14 | 1962-02-20 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of quenching and quenching liquid |
| US3475232A (en) * | 1966-11-23 | 1969-10-28 | Houghton & Co E F | Method of quenching |
| DE3345253A1 (de) * | 1982-12-16 | 1984-07-12 | PCUK Produits Chimiques Ugine Kuhlmann, Paris | Verfahren zum abschrecken von eisenlegierungen in waesserigem medium |
| EP0206347A1 (de) * | 1985-06-28 | 1986-12-30 | Union Carbide Corporation | Abschreckverfahren |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE, vol. 14, no. 10, octobre 1976, pages 2241-2251, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; E.A. BOUCHER et al.: "Effects of inorganic salts on the properties of aqueous poly(ethylene oxide) solutions" * |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994026939A1 (en) * | 1993-05-18 | 1994-11-24 | Aluminum Company Of America | A method of heat treating metal with liquid coolant containing dissolved gas |
| US5681407A (en) * | 1993-05-18 | 1997-10-28 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method of heat treating metal with liquid coolant containing dissolved gas |
| US5820705A (en) * | 1993-05-18 | 1998-10-13 | Aluminum Company Of America | Spray quenching of metal with liquid coolant containing dissolved gas |
| US6214136B1 (en) | 1997-07-31 | 2001-04-10 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Light-alloy casting heat treatment method |
| EP0897995A1 (de) * | 1997-07-31 | 1999-02-24 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Gussstück aus Leichtmetal, Wärmbehandlungsverfahren |
| EP0967292A1 (de) * | 1998-06-24 | 1999-12-29 | Durferrit SARL | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung des Kühlvermögens eines Flüssigkeits |
| FR2780508A1 (fr) * | 1998-06-24 | 1999-12-31 | Durferrit Sarl | Procede et dispositif pour le controle du pouvoir refroidissant d'un fluide |
| WO2002008137A3 (de) * | 2000-07-24 | 2002-05-30 | Henkel Kgaa | Teilchenförmiges kompositmaterial zur gesteuerten freisetzung eines wirkstoffs |
| CN104136634A (zh) * | 2012-03-02 | 2014-11-05 | 出光兴产株式会社 | 水系冷却剂 |
| US20150000710A1 (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2015-01-01 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Water-based coolant |
| EP2821510A4 (de) * | 2012-03-02 | 2015-11-11 | Idemitsu Kosan Co | Wässriges kühlmittel |
| US10633611B2 (en) | 2013-03-26 | 2020-04-28 | Sumitomo Seika Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Water-soluble metal working oil agent |
| WO2020178112A1 (de) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-09-10 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Verfahren zur beschleunigten abkühlung von stahlflachprodukten |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0637665B2 (ja) | 1994-05-18 |
| FR2624875B1 (fr) | 1992-06-26 |
| ATE76104T1 (de) | 1992-05-15 |
| FR2624875A1 (fr) | 1989-06-23 |
| ES2037267T3 (es) | 1993-06-16 |
| DE3871106D1 (de) | 1992-06-17 |
| EP0321370B1 (de) | 1992-05-13 |
| JPH01259119A (ja) | 1989-10-16 |
| GR3005214T3 (de) | 1993-05-24 |
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