EP0322579A2 - Device for centering optical lenses for mechanical clamping, especially during bevelling and facetting - Google Patents

Device for centering optical lenses for mechanical clamping, especially during bevelling and facetting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0322579A2
EP0322579A2 EP88119934A EP88119934A EP0322579A2 EP 0322579 A2 EP0322579 A2 EP 0322579A2 EP 88119934 A EP88119934 A EP 88119934A EP 88119934 A EP88119934 A EP 88119934A EP 0322579 A2 EP0322579 A2 EP 0322579A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clamping
centering
guide sleeve
spindle
axially
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88119934A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0322579B1 (en
EP0322579A3 (en
Inventor
Erhard Brück
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Satisloh GmbH
Wilhelm Loh Wetzlar Optikmaschinen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Loh Optikmaschinen AG
Wilhelm Loh Wetzlar Optikmaschinen GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0322579A3 publication Critical patent/EP0322579A3/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B9/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
    • B24B9/02—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
    • B24B9/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
    • B24B9/08—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass
    • B24B9/14—Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of non-metallic inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain of glass of optical work, e.g. lenses, prisms
    • B24B9/146—Accessories, e.g. lens mounting devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2552—Headstock
    • Y10T82/2562—Spindle and bearings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2568—Center
    • Y10T82/2571—Alignment adjuster
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/27—Centerer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for centering optical lenses for mechanical mounting, in particular for edge grinding and faceting, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the lens has been clamped at high pressure between two bells so that its position no longer changes automatically.
  • the clamping bells were vibrated by ultrasound during the clamping process in order to convert the static friction between the bell and the lens into a lower sliding friction.
  • this transition took place by leaps and bounds, which often resulted in damage to the lens with undesired material removal.
  • DE-AS 21 48 102 it has been proposed to arrange a piezoceramic tube oscillator on the height-adjustable clamping bell, which is controlled electrically via threshold switches so that the clamping bell drops when a predetermined pressure is reached, as a result of which the vibration generator is switched off.
  • the piezo oscillator is also used to check the clamping pressure to which the vibration amplitude is adjusted in a controlled manner.
  • electronics uncertainties are disadvantageous.
  • the transducer has a not inconsiderable sensitivity to axial pressure. The pressure load during clamping creates a preload; the support of the transducer is therefore problematic.
  • a device is known in which irregularities of a gear drive are exploited to generate relative movements between the lens and the clamping bell.
  • a balance beam differential is provided in a bevel gear train between the two parts of a two-part centering spindle and drive shaft.
  • a hydraulic clamping cylinder is available for a pressure plate of the upper, axially movable spindle. Due to the high friction of the clamping spindle in its slide bearing, however, it is difficult to achieve fine regulation of the clamping pressure, so that this device can also be used only to a limited extent.
  • each centering spindle is mounted radially and axially in a sleeve, which in turn can be fixed in the machine frame via a hydraulic clamping element.
  • the clamping element consists of a sleeve which is surrounded by a cavity, the sleeve being deformed when the pressure in the cavity is increased and pressed against the guide sleeve of the centering spindle.
  • the or each air bearing can be integrated in the sleeve, which surrounds the associated guide sleeve of the centering spindle.
  • the upper centering spindle can be moved axially and clamped in place to set up the machine.
  • An adjusting screw which acts as a pressure piston makes it possible to adjust the pressure on the guide sleeve of this so-called fixed spindle as required without changing its axis orientation.
  • the centering spindle has an outer sleeve which is guided closely in the air bearing sleeve and is axially and / or radially supported at the ends.
  • the lower centering spindle the so-called clamping spindle
  • the sleeve for the guide sleeve of the clamping spindle which is firmly seated in the machine housing, is precisely aligned with the sleeve for the guide sleeve of the fixed spindle.
  • a very favorable development of the air bearing is that there are grooves between the housing and at least the lower guide sleeve of the centering spindle, which can be acted upon with pressure medium via control openings.
  • the grooves can form axially parallel and / or partially annular channels.
  • the inner wall of the guide sleeve bore is preferably designed with channels and pockets in such a way that four air cushion fields are formed in the upper and lower half, which support the clamping spindle in a positionally stable manner with compressed air supply with extremely low friction.
  • the cavity surrounding the clamping sleeve is subjected to high pressure, so that the clamping spindle is clamped in its position in an exact and centric position.
  • the compressed air supplied is also very beneficial during the machining process in order to prevent the penetration of coolants and abrasives or material abrasion between the guide sleeve and the clamping spindle.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a device with a housing 10 having a bearing 12 for aligned drive shafts 14, 14 ', which act on gear elements 16, 16' on also aligned centering spindles 18, 18 '. These wear at their free ends clamping bells 20, 20 ', between which a lens L can be aligned and clamped for processing.
  • a motor M which acts via a belt drive R and a torque divider 50 on the two drive shafts 14, 14 '.
  • a chamber 44 in which a tensioning device 24 is accommodated. This makes it possible to move the lower centering spindle 18 'relative to the upper centering spindle 18' in the axial direction A in order to clamp the lens L.
  • Fig. 2 shows the upper part of the centering spindle arrangement.
  • a clamp bearing 22 ' for the upper centering spindle 18', which is also referred to as a fixed spindle. It has a guide sleeve 19 ', which is supported radially and axially via support bearings 74a, 74b with respect to the inner centering spindle 18'.
  • the clamp bearing 22 ' has a thin-walled sleeve 76 which surrounds the centering spindle 18' or its guide sleeve 19 'in the housing 10 and is in turn surrounded by a cavity 78 in which the adjusting screw 80 acting as a pressure piston corresponds to the respective requirement Clamping pressure on the guide sleeve 76 is adjustable.
  • a lens L can be clamped with a clamping angle. This is the angle that the two tangents at the points of contact between the lens surfaces and the clamping bells 20, 20 'to each other. Due to the physical friction coefficient, the angle ⁇ must be greater than 2 x 8 °> 16 °.
  • the lower centering spindle arrangement according to FIG. 3 is used for clamping.
  • the lower centering spindle 18 has also called a clamping spindle, also a guide sleeve 19, which is supported axially and radially via support bearings 84a, 84b with respect to the inner, actual centering spindle 18.
  • a corrugated spring 82 is arranged between the lower support bearing 84a and a collar of a coupling piece 34, which permits a limited axial displacement of the guide sleeve and centering spindle relative to one another.
  • the coupling piece 34 consists of two gear wheels 36, 37 with internal and external teeth, the gear wheel 36 being connected to the centering spindle 18 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the gearwheel 37 is supported on the housing 10 via a radial bearing 35.
  • the gear 36 is so wide that the gears 36, 37 do not come out of engagement even with the required axial displacement of the centering spindle.
  • the gearwheel 37 is designed as a pulley on which the gear element 16 (ie a drive belt) engages.
  • the tensioning device 24 has a plate 26 designed as a yoke, which has a hollow space with a membrane piston 32 in the center. By pressurizing the diaphragm piston 32 can be moved upward to raise the clamping spindle 18 together with the lens L resting on the clamping bell 20 to the upper clamping bell 20 '.
  • the clamp bearing 22 for the clamping spindle 18 is additionally designed according to the invention as an air bearing.
  • grooves 90 are provided on the periphery of the thin-walled guide sleeve 86, in particular at its two ends, which can be acted upon with pressure medium via control openings A i and B i .
  • these grooves 90 are designed as axially parallel and partially annular channels, which in particular form four air cushion fields, thanks to which the centering spindle 18 or its outer sleeve 19 is axially displaceable in the clamp bearing 22 with extremely little friction, while at the same time ensuring an exact axial alignment of the centering spindle.
  • the guide sleeve 19 of the clamping spindle 18 is guided in an air-supported manner, thereby reducing the friction for the axial clamping movement to a minimum and, at the same time, ensuring high alignment accuracy.
  • the alignment forces required for aligning the lens L can be set sensitively by the membrane piston 32.
  • the cavity 88 is put under high pressure by a pressure medium through the bore 98 and the thin-walled guide sleeve 8-6 deforms towards the center and clamps the clamping spindle precisely in alignment.
  • the clamping force necessary for processing the lens L is transmitted to the centering spindle 18.
  • the resulting slight axial movement of the clamping spindle 18 takes place in its own bearing 84a and 84b, the corrugated spring 82 being tensioned somewhat more.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

Zum Zentrieren von optischen Linsen für die mechanische Halterung insbesondere beim Randschleifen und Facettieren schlägt die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung mit einem Gehäuse (10) vor, in dem ein motorischer Antrieb (M, R) über einen Drehmomentteiles (50), Antriebswellen (14, 14′) sowie Ge­triebeelemente (16, 16′) auf miteinander fluchtende Zen­trierspindeln (18, 18′) wirkt. Diese sind in Führungslagern (22, 22′) an vorragenden Teilen des C-förmigen Gehäuses (10) angeordnet und als Luftlager ausgebildet. Dadurch kann der Einspannwinkel (α) an der Linse (L) im Bereich unterhalb 2 x 8°, vorzugsweise unterhalb 2 x 6° gehalten werden. Insbeson­dere die untere Zentrierspindel (18) ist im Luftlager (22) leichtgängig axialverstellbar, wozu achsparallele und/oder teilringförmige Nuten (90) an den Enden einer dünnwandigen Führungshülse (76) vorgesehen sind, zwischen denen sich bei Druckluftzufuhr Umfangs-Luftpolsterfelder aufbauen. Die axiale Zustellung der Spannspindel (18) erfolgt durch eine Spanneinrichtung (24) mit einer Jochplatte (26) und einem Membrankolben (32).

Figure imgaf001
For centering optical lenses for mechanical mounting, in particular for edge grinding and faceting, the invention proposes a device with a housing (10) in which a motor drive (M, R) via a torque part (50), drive shafts (14, 14 ' ) and gear elements (16, 16 ') acts on aligned centering spindles (18, 18'). These are arranged in guide bearings (22, 22 ') on projecting parts of the C-shaped housing (10) and designed as air bearings. As a result, the clamping angle (α) on the lens (L) can be kept in the range below 2 x 8 °, preferably below 2 x 6 °. In particular, the lower centering spindle (18) can be easily adjusted axially in the air bearing (22), for which purpose axially parallel and / or partially annular grooves (90) are provided at the ends of a thin-walled guide sleeve (76), between which circumferential air cushion fields build up when compressed air is supplied. The clamping spindle (18) is axially advanced by a clamping device (24) with a yoke plate (26) and a membrane piston (32).
Figure imgaf001

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Zentrieren von optischen Linsen für die mechanische Halte­rung insbesondere beim Randschleifen und Facettieren gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The present invention relates to a device for centering optical lenses for mechanical mounting, in particular for edge grinding and faceting, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Gemäß der DE-PS 1 004 516 hat man hierzu die Linse mit hohem Druck zwischen zwei Glocken eingespannt, damit sich ihre Lage nicht mehr selbsttätig ändert. Zum Zentrieren der Linse wurden während des Spannvorganges die Spannglocken durch Ultraschall in Schwingungen versetzt, um die ruhende Reibung zwischen Glocke und Linse in eine niedrigere Gleitreibung umzuwandeln. Dieser Übergang erfolgte jedoch sprunghaft, wodurch häufig Beschädigungen der Linse mit unerwünschtem Materialabtrag auftraten.According to DE-PS 1 004 516, the lens has been clamped at high pressure between two bells so that its position no longer changes automatically. To center the lens, the clamping bells were vibrated by ultrasound during the clamping process in order to convert the static friction between the bell and the lens into a lower sliding friction. However, this transition took place by leaps and bounds, which often resulted in damage to the lens with undesired material removal.

Man hat ferner versucht, die Spannglocken beim Einspannen der Linse mit entgegengesetztem Drehsinn anzutreiben. Auch hierbei besteht ein hohes Beschädigungsrisiko, so daß sich Schleifspuren in Form von in die Linsenoberfläche einge­schnittenen Ringen kaum vermeiden lassen.Attempts have also been made to drive the clamping bells with the opposite direction of rotation when clamping the lens. There is also a high risk of damage here, so that grinding marks in the form of rings cut into the lens surface can hardly be avoided.

In der DE-AS 21 48 102 wurde vorgeschlagen, auf der höhenun­veränderlichen Spannglocke einen piezokeramischen Rohr­schwinger anzuordnen, der elektrisch über Schwellenwert­schalter so gesteuert wird, daß die Spannglocke bei Errei­chen eines vorgegebenen Druckes absinkt, wodurch der Schwin­gungsgenerator abgeschaltet wird. Der Piezoschwinger dient gleichzeitig zum Prüfen des Spanndruckes, dem die Schwin­gungsamplitude geregelt angepaßt wird. Bei dieser Anordnung sind Elektronik-Unsicherheiten nachteilig. Ferner hat der Schwinger eine nicht unbeachtliche Axialdruckempfindlich­keit. Durch die Druckbelastung beim Einspannen entsteht eine Vorspannung; die Abstützung des Schwingers ist daher proble­matisch.In DE-AS 21 48 102 it has been proposed to arrange a piezoceramic tube oscillator on the height-adjustable clamping bell, which is controlled electrically via threshold switches so that the clamping bell drops when a predetermined pressure is reached, as a result of which the vibration generator is switched off. The piezo oscillator is also used to check the clamping pressure to which the vibration amplitude is adjusted in a controlled manner. With this arrangement, electronics uncertainties are disadvantageous. Furthermore, the transducer has a not inconsiderable sensitivity to axial pressure. The pressure load during clamping creates a preload; the support of the transducer is therefore problematic.

Aus der DE-OS 31 39 873 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt, bei der Unregelmäßigkeiten eines Zahnradantriebes ausgenutzt werden, um Relativbewegungen zwischen Linse und Spannglocken zu erzeugen. Als Ausgleichseinrichtung ist ein Waagebalken-­Differential in einem Kegelrad-Getriebezug zwischen den beiden Teilen einer zweiteiligen Zentrierspindel und An­triebswelle vorgesehen. Für eine Druckplatte der oberen, axialbeweglichen Spindel ist ein hydraulischer Spannzylinder vorhanden. Infolge der hohen Reibung der Spannspindel in ihrer Gleitlagerung ist jedoch eine feine Regulierung des Einspanndruckes schwer zu realisieren, so daß auch diese Vorrichtung nur begrenzt anwendbar ist.From DE-OS 31 39 873 a device is known in which irregularities of a gear drive are exploited to generate relative movements between the lens and the clamping bell. As a compensation device, a balance beam differential is provided in a bevel gear train between the two parts of a two-part centering spindle and drive shaft. A hydraulic clamping cylinder is available for a pressure plate of the upper, axially movable spindle. Due to the high friction of the clamping spindle in its slide bearing, however, it is difficult to achieve fine regulation of the clamping pressure, so that this device can also be used only to a limited extent.

Es ist ein wichtiges Ziel der Erfindung, unter Überwindung der Nachteile des Standes der Technik das Zentrieren von Linsen insbesondere für die Schleifbearbeitung am Rand durch eine wesentlich verbesserte und leichtgängige Führung der Zentrierspindeln, durch erhöhte Haltekräfte sowie Genauig­keit der Einspannung zu verbessern, ohne den statischen Kraftaufwand zu steigern, so daß mechanische Beschädigungen der Linse sicher vermieden werden.It is an important object of the invention, while overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art, to center lenses, in particular for grinding on the edge, by means of a substantially improved and smooth guidance of the Centering spindles to improve by increased holding forces and accuracy of the clamping without increasing the static effort, so that mechanical damage to the lens can be avoided.

Die Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 2 bis 7.The object is achieved with the features of claim 1. Refinements are the subject of claims 2 to 7.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist jede Zentrierspindel in einer Hülse radial und axial gelagert, die wiederum über ein hydrau­lisches Spannelement im Maschinengestell festlegbar ist. Das Spannelement besteht aus einer Hülse, die von einem Hohlraum umgeben ist, wobei die Hülse bei Erhöhung des Druckes im Hohlraum verformt und gegen die Führungshülse der Zentrier­spindel gepreßt wird. Hierdurch wird die Zentrierspindel in axialer Richtung festgelegt und gleichzeitig achsgenau aus­gerichtet.According to the invention, each centering spindle is mounted radially and axially in a sleeve, which in turn can be fixed in the machine frame via a hydraulic clamping element. The clamping element consists of a sleeve which is surrounded by a cavity, the sleeve being deformed when the pressure in the cavity is increased and pressed against the guide sleeve of the centering spindle. As a result, the centering spindle is fixed in the axial direction and at the same time aligned with the axis.

Die bzw. jede Luftlagerung kann in der Hülse integriert sein, welche die zugeordnete Führungshülse der Zentrierspin­del umschließt. Die obere Zentrierspindel ist zum Einrichten der Maschine axial verschiebbar und zentrisch festklemmbar. Eine als Druckkolben wirksame Stellschraube ermöglicht es, den Druck auf die Führungshülse dieser sogenannten Fest­spindel bedarfsgemäß einzustellen, ohne deren Achsausrich­tung zu verändern.The or each air bearing can be integrated in the sleeve, which surrounds the associated guide sleeve of the centering spindle. The upper centering spindle can be moved axially and clamped in place to set up the machine. An adjusting screw which acts as a pressure piston makes it possible to adjust the pressure on the guide sleeve of this so-called fixed spindle as required without changing its axis orientation.

Die Zentrierspindel hat eine Außenhülse die in der Luftla­gerhülse eng geführt und an den Enden axial und/oder radial abgestützt ist. Insbesondere die untere Zentrierspindel, die sogenannte Spannspindel, wird dadurch mit hoher zentrischer Genauigkeit und Leitgängigkeit axial geführt. Die fest im Maschinengehäuse sitzende Hülse für die Führungshülse der Spannspindel ist dabei genau fluchtend zur Hülse für die Führungshülse der Festspindel angeordnet.The centering spindle has an outer sleeve which is guided closely in the air bearing sleeve and is axially and / or radially supported at the ends. In particular, the lower centering spindle, the so-called clamping spindle, becomes more centric Axial accuracy and conductivity. The sleeve for the guide sleeve of the clamping spindle, which is firmly seated in the machine housing, is precisely aligned with the sleeve for the guide sleeve of the fixed spindle.

Eine sehr günstige Weiterbildung der Luftlagerung besteht darin, daß zwischen dem Gehäuse und zumindest der unteren Führungshülse der Zentrierspindel Nuten vorhanden sind, die über Steueröffnungen mit Druckmittel beaufschlagbar sind. Die Nuten können achsparallele und/oder teilringförmige Kanäle bilden. Bevorzugt ist die Innenwand der Führungshül­senbohrung mit Kanälen und Taschen so gestaltet, daß in der oberen und unteren Hälfte je vier Luftpolsterfelder entste­hen, welche die Spannspindel bei Druckluftzufuhr mit äußerst geringer Reibung positionsstabil lagern. Die Luftlagerung und die damit verbundene Leichtgängigkeit der Spannspindel und der Membrankolben ermöglichen es für das Ausrichten der Linse die Ausrichtkräfte sehr klein zu halten und diese feinfühlig einzustellen, wodurch eine Beschädigung der Lin­senoberfläche während ihrer Ausrichtbewegung vermieden wird. Hat die Linse ihre genaue Ausrichtposition erreicht, wird der die Spannhülse umgebende Hohlraum mit hohem Druck be­aufschlagt, so daß die Spannspindel in ihrer Lage achsgenau und zentrisch festgeklemmt wird. Die zugeführte Druckluft ist auch während des Bearbeitungsvorganges sehr förderlich, um das Eindringen von Kühl- und Schleifmitteln bzw. Mate­rialabrieb zwischen der Führungshülse und der Spannspindel zu vermeiden.A very favorable development of the air bearing is that there are grooves between the housing and at least the lower guide sleeve of the centering spindle, which can be acted upon with pressure medium via control openings. The grooves can form axially parallel and / or partially annular channels. The inner wall of the guide sleeve bore is preferably designed with channels and pockets in such a way that four air cushion fields are formed in the upper and lower half, which support the clamping spindle in a positionally stable manner with compressed air supply with extremely low friction. The air bearing and the associated ease of movement of the clamping spindle and the diaphragm piston make it possible to keep the alignment forces very small for the alignment of the lens and to adjust them sensitively, thereby avoiding damage to the lens surface during its alignment movement. When the lens has reached its precise alignment position, the cavity surrounding the clamping sleeve is subjected to high pressure, so that the clamping spindle is clamped in its position in an exact and centric position. The compressed air supplied is also very beneficial during the machining process in order to prevent the penetration of coolants and abrasives or material abrasion between the guide sleeve and the clamping spindle.

Weitere Merkmale, Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem Wortlaut der Ansprüche sowie aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnung. Darin zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Axialschnitt-Gesamtansicht einer Zen­triervorrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Axialschnitt-Ansicht einer oberen Zentrierspindel-Führung,
  • Fig. 3 eine vergrößerte Axialschnitt-Ansicht einer unteren Zentrierspindel-Führung mit Spannein­richtung,
  • Fig. 4 eine weiter vergrößerte Querschnittsansicht entsprechend der Ebene Ai-Ai in Fig. 3 und
  • Fig. 5 eine schematische Darstellung der Druckmit­tel-Steuerung für die Anordnung gemäß Fig. 3 und 4.
Further features, details and advantages of the invention result from the wording of the claims and from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing. In it show:
  • 1 is an overall axial section view of a centering device,
  • 2 is an enlarged axial sectional view of an upper centering spindle guide,
  • 3 is an enlarged axial sectional view of a lower centering spindle guide with a clamping device,
  • Fig. 4 is a further enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to the plane A i -A i in Fig. 3 and
  • 5 shows a schematic illustration of the pressure medium control for the arrangement according to FIGS. 3 and 4.

Die Gesamtansicht von Fig. 1 veranschaulicht eine Vorrich­tung mit einem Gehäuse 10, das eine Lagerung 12 für fluch­tende Antriebswellen 14, 14′ aufweist, welche über Getriebe­elemente 16, 16′ auf unter sich ebenfalls fluchtende Zen­trierspindeln 18, 18′ wirken. Diese tragen an ihren freien Enden Spannglocken 20, 20′, zwischen denen eine Linse L zur Bearbeitung ausrichtbar und einspannbar ist. Zum Antrieb dient ein Motor M, der über einen Riemenantrieb R und einen Drehmomentteiler 50 auf die beiden Antriebswellen 14, 14′ wirkt.The overall view of Fig. 1 illustrates a device with a housing 10 having a bearing 12 for aligned drive shafts 14, 14 ', which act on gear elements 16, 16' on also aligned centering spindles 18, 18 '. These wear at their free ends clamping bells 20, 20 ', between which a lens L can be aligned and clamped for processing. To drive a motor M, which acts via a belt drive R and a torque divider 50 on the two drive shafts 14, 14 '.

Im unteren Teil des C-förmig gestalteten Gehäuses 10 befin­det sich eine Kammer 44, in der eine Spanneinrichtung 24 untergebracht ist. Diese ermöglicht es, die untere Zentrier­spindel 18 gegenüber der oberen Zentrierspindel 18′ in Achs­richtung A zu verschieben, um die Linse L festzuspannen.In the lower part of the C-shaped housing 10 there is a chamber 44 in which a tensioning device 24 is accommodated. This makes it possible to move the lower centering spindle 18 'relative to the upper centering spindle 18' in the axial direction A in order to clamp the lens L.

Fig. 2 zeigt den oberen Teil der Zentrierspindel-Anordnung. In einem vorragenden Teil des Gehäuses 10 befindet sich ein Klemmlager 22′ für die oberen Zentrierspindel 18′, die auch als Festspindel bezeichnet wird. Sie hat eine Führungshülse 19′, welche über Stützlager 74a, 74b gegenüber der inneren Zentrierspindel 18′ radial und axil abgestützt ist.Fig. 2 shows the upper part of the centering spindle arrangement. In a projecting part of the housing 10 there is a clamp bearing 22 'for the upper centering spindle 18', which is also referred to as a fixed spindle. It has a guide sleeve 19 ', which is supported radially and axially via support bearings 74a, 74b with respect to the inner centering spindle 18'.

Das Klemmlager 22′ weist eine dünnwandige Hülse 76 auf, welche die Zentrierspindel 18′ bzw. ihrer Führungshülse 19′ im Gehäuse 10 anliegend umschließt ünd ihrerseits von einem Hohlraum 78 umgeben ist, in welchem mittels einer als Druckkolben wirkenden Stellschraube 80 der dem jeweiligem Bedarf entsprechende Klemmdruck auf die Führungshülse 76 einstellbar ist.The clamp bearing 22 'has a thin-walled sleeve 76 which surrounds the centering spindle 18' or its guide sleeve 19 'in the housing 10 and is in turn surrounded by a cavity 78 in which the adjusting screw 80 acting as a pressure piston corresponds to the respective requirement Clamping pressure on the guide sleeve 76 is adjustable.

Zwischen der oberen Spannglocke 20′ und der unteren Spann­glocke 20 ist eine Linse L mit einem Einspannwinkel ein­spannbar. Das ist derjenige Winkel, den die beiden Tangenten an den Berührungsstellen zwischen den Linsenoberflächen und den Spannglocken 20, 20′ zueinander einnehmen. Durch den Haftreibungskoeffizienten physikalisch bedingt, muß der Winkel α größer als 2 x 8° > 16° sein.Between the upper clamping bell 20 'and the lower clamping bell 20, a lens L can be clamped with a clamping angle. This is the angle that the two tangents at the points of contact between the lens surfaces and the clamping bells 20, 20 'to each other. Due to the physical friction coefficient, the angle α must be greater than 2 x 8 °> 16 °.

Zum Einspannen dient die untere Zentrierspindel-Anordnung gemäß Fig. 3. Hierbei hat die untere Zentrierspindel 18, auch Spannspindel genannt, ebenfalls eine Führungshülse 19, die über Stützlager 84a, 84b gegenüber der inneren, eigent­lichen Zentrierspindel 18 axial und radial abgestützt ist. Zwischen dem unteren Stützlager 84a und einem Bund eines Kupplungs-stücks 34 ist eine Wellfeder 82 angeordnet, die eine begrenzte axiale Verschiebung von Führungshülse und Zentrierspindel zueinander gestattet. Das Kupplungsstück 34 besteht aus zwei Zahnrädern 36, 37 mit Innen- und Außenver­zahnung, wobei das Zahnrad 36 mit der Zentrierspindel 18 drehfest verbunden ist. Das Zahnrad 37 ist über ein Radial­lager 35 am Gehäuse 10 abgestützt. Das Zahnrad 36 ist so breit, daß auch bei der erforderlichen axialen Verschiebung der Zentrierspindel die Zahnräder 36, 37 nicht außer Ein­griff kommen. Am Umfang ist das Zahnrad 37 als Riemenscheibe ausgebildet, an welcher das Getriebeelement 16 (also ein Treibriemen) angreift.The lower centering spindle arrangement according to FIG. 3 is used for clamping. Here, the lower centering spindle 18 has also called a clamping spindle, also a guide sleeve 19, which is supported axially and radially via support bearings 84a, 84b with respect to the inner, actual centering spindle 18. A corrugated spring 82 is arranged between the lower support bearing 84a and a collar of a coupling piece 34, which permits a limited axial displacement of the guide sleeve and centering spindle relative to one another. The coupling piece 34 consists of two gear wheels 36, 37 with internal and external teeth, the gear wheel 36 being connected to the centering spindle 18 in a rotationally fixed manner. The gearwheel 37 is supported on the housing 10 via a radial bearing 35. The gear 36 is so wide that the gears 36, 37 do not come out of engagement even with the required axial displacement of the centering spindle. On the circumference, the gearwheel 37 is designed as a pulley on which the gear element 16 (ie a drive belt) engages.

Die Spanneinrichtung 24 weist eine als Joch ausgebildete Platte 26 auf, die zentrisch einen Hohlraum mit einem Mem­brankolben 32 hat. Durch Druckmittelbeaufschlagung kann der Membrankolben 32 aufwärts bewegt werden, um die Spannspindel 18 samt der auf der Spannglocke 20 ruhenden Linse L zu der oberen Spannglocke 20′ hin anzuheben.The tensioning device 24 has a plate 26 designed as a yoke, which has a hollow space with a membrane piston 32 in the center. By pressurizing the diaphragm piston 32 can be moved upward to raise the clamping spindle 18 together with the lens L resting on the clamping bell 20 to the upper clamping bell 20 '.

Um diese Zustellbewegung möglichst leichtgängig durchführen zu können, ist das Klemmlager 22 für die Spannspindel 18 erfindungsgemäß zusätzlich als Luftlager ausgebildet. Am Umfang der dünnwandigen Führungshülse 86, insbesondere an deren beiden Enden, sind hierzu Nuten 90 vorgesehen, welche ber Steueröffnungen Ai und Bi mit Druckmittel beaufschlag­bar sind. In Verbindung mit Fig. 4 ist ersichtlich, daß diese Nuten 90 als achsparallele und teilringförmige Kanäle gestaltet sind, welche insbesondere je vier Luftpolsterfel­der bilden, dank welcher die Zentrierspindel 18 bzw. deren Außenhülse 19 im Klemmlager 22 mit überaus geringer Reibung axialverschieblich ist, wobei gleichzeitig eine exakte axi­ale Ausrichtung der Zentrierspindel gewährleistet ist.In order to be able to carry out this feed movement as smoothly as possible, the clamp bearing 22 for the clamping spindle 18 is additionally designed according to the invention as an air bearing. For this purpose, grooves 90 are provided on the periphery of the thin-walled guide sleeve 86, in particular at its two ends, which can be acted upon with pressure medium via control openings A i and B i . In connection with Fig. 4 it can be seen that these grooves 90 are designed as axially parallel and partially annular channels, which in particular form four air cushion fields, thanks to which the centering spindle 18 or its outer sleeve 19 is axially displaceable in the clamp bearing 22 with extremely little friction, while at the same time ensuring an exact axial alignment of the centering spindle.

Durch die Druckbeaufschlagung wird die Führungshülse 19 der Spannspindel 18 luftgelagert geführt und dadurch die Reibung für die axiale Spannbewegung auf ein Minimum reduziert und gleichzeitig eine hohe Achsfluchtgenauigkeit gewährleistet. Durch den Membrankolben 32 können die zum Ausrichten der Linse L benötigten Ausrichtkräfte feinfühlig eingestellt werden. Nach dem Ausrichten wird durch die Bohrung 98 der Hohlraum 88 durch ein Druckmedium unter hohen Druck gestellt und die dünnwandige Führungshülse 8-6 deformiert sich zum Zentrum hin und klemmt die Spannspindel genau fluchtend fest. Über das Joch 26 und das Axiallager 33 wird die zur Bearbeitung der Linse L notwendige Spannkraft auf die Zen­trierspindel 18 übertragen. Die hierdurch entstehende gerin­ge Axialbewegung der Spannspindel 18 geschieht in der eige­nen Lagerung 84a und 84b wobei die Wellfeder 82 etwas stär­ker gespannt wird.Due to the pressurization, the guide sleeve 19 of the clamping spindle 18 is guided in an air-supported manner, thereby reducing the friction for the axial clamping movement to a minimum and, at the same time, ensuring high alignment accuracy. The alignment forces required for aligning the lens L can be set sensitively by the membrane piston 32. After the alignment, the cavity 88 is put under high pressure by a pressure medium through the bore 98 and the thin-walled guide sleeve 8-6 deforms towards the center and clamps the clamping spindle precisely in alignment. Via the yoke 26 and the axial bearing 33, the clamping force necessary for processing the lens L is transmitted to the centering spindle 18. The resulting slight axial movement of the clamping spindle 18 takes place in its own bearing 84a and 84b, the corrugated spring 82 being tensioned somewhat more.

Sämtliche aus den Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung hervorgehenden Merkmale und Vorteile, einschließ­lich konstruktiver Einzelheiten, räumlicher Anordnungen und Verfahrensschritten, können sowohl für sich als auch in den verschiedensten Kombinationen erfindungswesentlich sein.All of the features and advantages arising from the claims, the description and the drawing, including constructive details, spatial arrangements and method steps, can be essential to the invention both individually and in the most varied of combinations.

Claims (7)

1. Vorrichtung zum Zentrieren von optischen Linsen für die mechanische Halterung insbesondere beim Randschleifen und Facettieren, mit einem Gehäuse (10), mit einer Antriebsein­richtung für den Antrieb zweier in Achsrichtung (A) fluch­tende Zentrierspindeln (18, 18′) deren einander zugewandte Enden Spannglocken (20, 20′) tragen, zwischen denen zur Bearbeitung eine Linse (L) mittels einer auf zumindest eine Zentrierspindel (18) bzw. Spannglocke (20) wirkenden Spann­einrichtung (24) einspannbar ist und die Zentrierspindeln 18, 18′) in einer Führungshülse (19, 19′) angeordnet sind, und durch Stützlager (84a, 84b; 74a, 74b) in dieser abge­stützt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Hülse (19) in mindestens einer dünnwandigen Führungshülse (76, 86) geführt ist, die im Maschinengestell (10) gehaltert oder ausgeformt und von einem Hohlraum (78) umgeben ist, daß jeder Hohlraum (78) mit einem Medium beaufschlagbar ist, das zum Festklem­men der Führungshülse (19) unter Druck setzbar ist und die Führungshülse (76, 86) verformt, und daß die Zentrierspindel (18) begrenzt axial gegenüber der Führungshülse (19) ver­schiebbar ist.1. Device for centering optical lenses for mechanical mounting, especially for edge grinding and faceting, with a housing (10), with a drive device for driving two axially aligned (A) centering spindles (18, 18 ') whose mutually facing ends clamping bells (20, 20 '), between which a lens (L) can be clamped by means of a clamping device (24) acting on at least one centering spindle (18) or clamping bell (20) and the centering spindles 18, 18') in a guide sleeve (19, 19 ') are arranged, and are supported in this by support bearings (84a, 84b; 74a, 74b), characterized in that each sleeve (19) is guided in at least one thin-walled guide sleeve (76, 86) which in Machine frame (10) held or shaped and surrounded by a cavity (78) that each cavity (78) can be acted upon with a medium that can be pressurized to clamp the guide sleeve (19) and the Guide sleeve (76, 86) deformed, and that the centering spindle (18) is axially displaceable relative to the guide sleeve (19). 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest eine der beiden Führungshülsen (19) zusätzlich über ein oder mehrere Luftlager (90) im Maschinengestell (10) geführt ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the two guide sleeves (19) is additionally guided via one or more air bearings (90) in the machine frame (10). 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luftlager durch auf der Innenwandung der Führungshülse (76, 86) eingearbeitete Nuten (90) gebildet sind die über Anschlußbohrungen (95) mit den Steueranschlüssen (Ai, Bi) verbunden sind.3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the air bearings are formed by grooves (90) machined on the inner wall of the guide sleeve (76, 86) which are connected via connection bores (95) to the control connections (A i , B i ). 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch. 1 oder.2, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß der in dem Hohlraum (78) des einen, vorzugsweise oberen Klemmlagers (22) herrschenden Druckes mittels einer die Gehäusewand abgedichtet durchsetzenden Stellschraube (80) einstellbar ist.4. The device according to claim. 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressure prevailing in the cavity (78) of the one, preferably upper clamping bearing (22) can be adjusted by means of an adjusting screw (80) which penetrates the housing wall in a sealed manner. 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nuten (90) achsparallele und/oder teilringförmige Kanäle bilden (Fig. 3 und 4).5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the grooves (90) form axially parallel and / or partially annular channels (Fig. 3 and 4). 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß zumindest zwei einander diametral gegenüberliegende Steueröffnungen (z. B. A₂, A₄) über ein Steuerventil (92) wahlweise ansteuerbar und gegenüber den anderen Steueröff­ nungen bzw. Kanälen durch Absperrventile (94) verschließbar sind, deren Öffnungen unter Umschalten des Steuerventils (92) eine Entlüftung bewirkt (Fig. 4 und 5).6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that at least two diametrically opposite control openings (z. B. A₂, A₄) via a control valve (92) can be selectively controlled and opposite the other control opening Connections or channels can be closed by shut-off valves (94), the openings of which, by switching the control valve (92), causes ventilation (FIGS. 4 and 5). 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das untere Ende der unteren Zentrier­spindel (18) über einen Membrankolben (32) auf einer Spann­einrichtung (24) abgestützt ist.7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the lower end of the lower centering spindle (18) is supported by a diaphragm piston (32) on a clamping device (24).
EP88119934A 1987-12-24 1988-11-30 Device for centering optical lenses for mechanical clamping, especially during bevelling and facetting Expired - Lifetime EP0322579B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3744115 1987-12-24
DE3744115A DE3744115C2 (en) 1987-12-24 1987-12-24 Machine for centering edge grinding and faceting optical lenses for their mechanical mounting

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EP0322579A2 true EP0322579A2 (en) 1989-07-05
EP0322579A3 EP0322579A3 (en) 1990-09-05
EP0322579B1 EP0322579B1 (en) 1993-02-03

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88119934A Expired - Lifetime EP0322579B1 (en) 1987-12-24 1988-11-30 Device for centering optical lenses for mechanical clamping, especially during bevelling and facetting

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US (1) US4951421A (en)
EP (1) EP0322579B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3744115C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2037805T3 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6257968B1 (en) 1998-12-16 2001-07-10 National Optronics, Incorporated Quick-release lens clamp pad assembly for use in eyeglass lens processing
US6243960B1 (en) 1999-03-16 2001-06-12 National Optronics, Incorporated Tracer, clamp and object engager for holding and tracing a lens mount of an eyeglass frame, a lens, and/or a lens pattern, to reliably detect a shape thereof even when the shape includes high wrap
USD435053S (en) * 1999-03-16 2000-12-12 National Optronics, Incorporated Eyeglass frame tracer
US6249991B1 (en) 1999-03-17 2001-06-26 National Optronics, Incorporated Control system for eyeglass tracer
DE10008710C2 (en) 2000-02-24 2002-01-10 Loh Optikmaschinen Ag Device for centering clamping of optical lenses for their edge processing

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2037805T3 (en) 1993-07-01
EP0322579B1 (en) 1993-02-03
DE3744115C2 (en) 1994-03-31
US4951421A (en) 1990-08-28
DE3744115A1 (en) 1989-07-06
EP0322579A3 (en) 1990-09-05

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