EP0336002B1 - Treillis métallique tricoté et son procédé de fabrication et dispositif pour l'exécution du procédé - Google Patents
Treillis métallique tricoté et son procédé de fabrication et dispositif pour l'exécution du procédé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0336002B1 EP0336002B1 EP88105906A EP88105906A EP0336002B1 EP 0336002 B1 EP0336002 B1 EP 0336002B1 EP 88105906 A EP88105906 A EP 88105906A EP 88105906 A EP88105906 A EP 88105906A EP 0336002 B1 EP0336002 B1 EP 0336002B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wire mesh
- monolith
- process according
- sheath
- mesh
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
- F01N3/2867—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing the mats or gaskets being placed at the front or end face of catalyst body
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2350/00—Arrangements for fitting catalyst support or particle filter element in the housing
- F01N2350/02—Fitting ceramic monoliths in a metallic housing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49398—Muffler, manifold or exhaust pipe making
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49801—Shaping fiber or fibered material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49813—Shaping mating parts for reassembly in different positions
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sleeve made of wire, a method for its production and a device for carrying out the method.
- Catalytic coated, preferably cylindrical, ceramic monoliths are used for exhaust gas detoxification from internal combustion engines. These monoliths are permanently stored in a housing, with the interposition of a cover, usually made of wire mesh.
- the monolith is first provided with the shell, then these two parts are inserted loosely into the two-part housing and this is pressed when it is closed. Attempts were first made to stop the axial movement of the monolith resulting from the pulsating exhaust gas flow via radial forces in the form of pressed-in beads, but this has not proven successful. Excessively high pressures applied during manufacture involve the risk of damaging the ceramic monolith. If the pressures are too low, there is a risk of insufficient holding force.
- a disadvantage of the known casings is that due to the forces acting on the monolith - both when pressing in Monolith and casing in the housing as well as in operation due to the pulsating gas flow, as occurs in exhaust gases from internal combustion engines - the monolith is brought into contact with the housing and is thereby damaged.
- the multiple wrapping of the monolith has the disadvantage that a high surface pressure occurs at the edge of the monolith due to the many layers and this can therefore be damaged.
- a generic cover according to the preamble of the main claim is also known (EP-A1 0 250 384).
- This sheath consists of pre-tensioned, flat rolled wire from a high-alloy steel and is placed over the surface of the monolith. Two beads surround the edge areas of the entry and exit sides of the monoliths used.
- the invention is based on the object of proposing a casing, a method for its production and an apparatus for carrying out the method, with which a maximum degree of safety can be achieved for the monolith in the production of the catalyst and in its operation.
- the flat wire mesh preferably in the form of a tube, which is provided with oblique embossments, is wound onto a surface adapted to the jacket of the monolith, preferably a mandrel which corresponds in shape and dimension to the monolith.
- the preload between the monolith and the metal housing can be adjusted with the depth or the height of the impressions.
- the wire mesh can also be wound directly onto the monolith and pressed there in the longitudinal direction, if an abutment that can be removed afterwards is only placed on the edges of the end faces when pressing, in order to absorb the pressing forces, so that damage to the monolith is not is to be feared. Because of the knitted wire knitting before winding with an acute angle to the circumferential winding direction cause a certain axial deflection after pressing, so that despite the abutment the compressed bead comes to rest against the end faces of the monolith.
- the wire mesh slightly apart in the axial direction before pressing the bead in order to achieve a firm fit of the bead by deflecting the shaped casing after the pressing process of the bead.
- the surface is longitudinal the edges of its end face has a circumferential projection, which is correspondingly formed as an indentation on the bead to be pressed, so there is the additional advantage that the particularly sensitive edges of the ceramic monolith do not lie directly on the shell, but in the through the projection generated indentation.
- Fig. 1 the device is shown. It has a mandrel 10, the shell 11 of which forms the surface 11 in shape and extent corresponds to the monolith 20 (FIGS. 3 and 4).
- the wire mesh 21 is preferably wound twice around the surface 11 of the mandrel 10 in the circumferential direction. The width of the wire mesh is dimensioned such that there is an overhang 18 for the wire mesh 21.
- the mandrel is located in two axially open mold jaws 12, 13 that are movable towards one another and radially surround the mandrel with play. Through the two axial openings of the mold jaws 12, 13, sliding sleeves 14 penetrate as actual pressing tools, which are axially displaceable.
- the mandrel 10 has two terminal fixed first shoulders 15 of smaller diameter in the region of the protrusion 18 of the wire mesh over the surface 11 of the mandrel 10.
- the first paragraphs 15 have further second paragraphs 16 with a smaller diameter than the guide for the sliding sleeves 14.
- the actual projecting pressed parts of the sliding sleeve 14 rest on the surfaces of the shoulders 15 and have projecting shoulders 14a on their front side, which in the end position are at a distance from the annular end face.
- the shaped jaws 12, 13 also have a ring 25 of larger diameter located in the area of the surface 11 of the mandrel 10, so that the knitted wire 21 is not compressed too much in this area when the shaped jaws 12, 13 are closed in the direction of arrow A (FIG. 2).
- This annular space 25 is followed by a circumferential circumferential clamping projection 26 for holding the wire mesh 21 while the overhang 18 is pressed together when the sliding sleeves 14 move together in the direction of arrow B.
- the circumferential clamping projection 26 has an undercut 27 in the region of the - circumferential - edges 28 of the surface 11 with the annular end face 19. The undercut 27 goes into an area 29 of the pressing tools 12, 13 with a smaller diameter than the area of the annular space 25 about.
- This device produces a inherently dimensionally shaped and provided with a bead 24 shaped sleeve 22 as shown in FIG. 3, which can jump over the circumferential edge of each end face of the monolith 20 somewhat radially inward when it is pushed over the monolith, as that is shown in Fig. 3.
- the components prefabricated in this way are then inserted into the two-part housing 23 (FIG. 4) and, when they are connected, are permanently and reliably secured against damage as a result of axial displacements of the monolith 20 in the pulsating gas stream.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Claims (25)
- Gaine (22) en fil métallique pour'un monolithe en céramique (20) de préférence cylindrique, à revêtement catalytique et servant à la dépollution des gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion, gui présente un côté admission et un côté sortie pour le gaz d'échappement placés respectivement sur ses deux faces frontales ainsi qu'une enveloppe, ladite gaine (22) présentant en direction de l'axe longitudinal du monolithe (20) une longueur telle que, lorsque le monolithe est inséré, elle entoure ses zones marginales du côté de l'admission et du côté de la sortie avec formation de part et d'autre d'un talon (24), étant caractérisée par le fait que la gaine (22) est réalisée sous la forme d'un treillis métallique tricoté (21) pré-moulé et que le talon (24) est comprimé de manière à présenter une densité supérieure à celle du reste du treillis (21) en donnant une forme rigide et stable à la gaine (22).
- Gaine selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que le treillis métallique (21) est constitué en tricot tubulaire.
- Gaine (22) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée par le fait que sa face intérieure présente dans la zone de transition vers chaque talon (24) des empreintes réalisées de telle sorte que l'arête périphérique du monolithe (20) ne subit aucun contact sur ses faces frontales.
- Gaine (22) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée par le fait que la face interne de l'un ou des deux talons (24) forme avec la face intérieure correspondante de l'enveloppe du monolithe (20) un angle différent de 90°.
- Procédé pour la fabrication d'une gaine (22) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel- le treillis tricoté moulé sert de gaine à un monolithe (20) en céramique de préférence cylindrique, à revêtement catalytique et utilisable pour la dépollution des gaz d'échappement de moteurs à explosion,- le treillis tricoté moulé est constitué d'un treillis métallique, de préférence réalisé par tricotage tubulaire,- le treillis métallique tricoté est en direction axiale, plus long que la longueur définie par la distance entre les deux faces frontales du monolithe (20) et, en direction axiale, dépasse au-delà de la surface sous la forme d'une projection (18) pour former de chaque côté un talon (24),- le monolithe (20 présente sur l'une de ses faces frontales un côté admission et sur l'autre face frontale un côté sortie pour le gaz d'échappement ainsi qu'une enveloppe, et- le monolithe est prévu pour être inséré dans un boîtier et servir de catalyseur,caractérisé par le fait que le treillis métallique tricoté est enroulé dans le sens périphérique sur une surface (11) ajustée à l'enveloppe du monolithe (20), par le fait que treillis métallique tricoté (21) est maintenu de manière fixe sur la surface (11) du moins dans la zone immédiatement adjacente à celle de la projection (18), par le fait que la projection (18) est comprimée en direction axiale pour former un talon (24) d'une dimension axiale prédéterminée, le reste du treillis tricoté (21) étant maintenu en place, et par le fait que le treillis métallique tricoté est moulé en forme de gaine (22) lors de la compression.
- Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que le treillis tricoté (21) est enroulé au moins deux fois autour de la surface (11).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé par le fait que le treillis tricoté (21) est muni avant l'enroulement d'empreintes formant un angle aigu avec la direction d'enroulement qui est dirigée dans le sens du pourtour.
- Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que les empreintes s'étendent dans une direction formant un angle de 50 à 70° avec celle de l'enroulement.
- Procédé selon les revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé par le fait que les empreintes sont mutuellement parallèles.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que pour servir de surface (11) on utilise la surface d'un mandrin (10).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que le treillis métallique tricoté (21) est maintenu en place dans la zone directement adjacente au début de la projection (18).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 11, caractérisé par le fait que les projections (18) ont des dimensions identiques.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 12, caractérisé par le fait que le pourtour respectif de la surface (11) présente au maximum des dimensions égales au pourtour concerné du monolithe (20).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 13, caractérisé par le fait que la surface (11) présente au maximum des dimensions égales à la longueur du monolithe (20).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 14, caractérisé par le fait que la surface (11) présente le long des bords de ses faces frontales (19) une saillie périphérique.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 15, caractérisé par le fait que la présence d'une butée permet d'éviter que le treillis métallique tricoté (21) s'échappe radialement vers l'extérieur ainsi qu'en direction axiale dans la zone de la surface (11) lors de la compression dans le sens axial.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 16, caractérisé par le fait que, lors de la compression pour former la gaine (22), le treillis métallique tricoté subit une flexion en direction axiale et en même temps une légère flexion radiale vers l'intérieur.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 17, caractérisé par le fait que le treillis métallique tricoté (21) comprimé est emmanché sur un monolithe (20).
- Procédé selon la revendication 18, caractérisé par le fait que le monolithe (20) muni d'une gaine (22) est inséré dans une partie d'un boîtier et qu'ensuite une deuxième partie lui est superposée et qu'enfin les deux parties sont assemblées l'une à l'autre pour former le boîtier (23).
- Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 5 à 19, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend un mandrin (10) pour la réception du treillis tricoté métallique (21) sur son enveloppe formant la surface (11), deux mâchoires de façonnage (12, 13) axialement ouvertes mobiles l'une vers l'autre et entourant avec un certain jeu le mandrin destiné au treillis (21), et deux manchons mobiles passant à travers des ouvertures axiales et constituant les outils de compression proprement dits, mobiles axialement.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 20, caractérisé par le fait que le mandrin (10) est réalisé en forme de cylindre comportant aux extrémités deux premières réductions (15) à un diamètre plus faible pour recevoir la projection (18) du treillis métallique tricoté (21).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 21, caractérisé par le fait que chaque réduction (15) présente une réduction ultérieure (16) à un diamètre encore plus faible et servant de guidage pour le manchon coulissant (14).
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 20 à 22, Caractérisé par le fait que la surface (11) du mandrin (10) présente une saillie le long de ses bords formée par la première réduction (15).
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 20 à 23, caractérisé par le fait que la face frontale (19) de forme circulaire s'étend sous un angle différent de 90° en direction de la première réduction (15).
- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 20 à 24, caractérisé par le fait que le manchon coulissant (14) présente un collier 14a) faisant saillie.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT88105906T ATE77677T1 (de) | 1988-04-05 | 1988-04-13 | Drahtgestrick sowie verfahren zu dessen herstellung und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3811411 | 1988-04-05 | ||
| DE3811411 | 1988-04-05 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0336002A1 EP0336002A1 (fr) | 1989-10-11 |
| EP0336002B1 true EP0336002B1 (fr) | 1992-06-24 |
Family
ID=6351411
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP88105906A Expired - Lifetime EP0336002B1 (fr) | 1988-04-05 | 1988-04-13 | Treillis métallique tricoté et son procédé de fabrication et dispositif pour l'exécution du procédé |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5018272A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0336002B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE77677T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3872381D1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2033359T3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4416055A1 (de) * | 1994-05-02 | 1995-11-09 | Leistritz Abgastech | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Abgaskatalysatoren, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge |
| US6922891B1 (en) | 2000-10-30 | 2005-08-02 | Robert J. Marino, Jr. | Method of manufacturing a catalytic converter |
| DE102007062661A1 (de) * | 2007-12-24 | 2009-06-25 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Abgassammler |
| DE102007062659A1 (de) * | 2007-12-24 | 2009-06-25 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Abgassammler und zugehöriges Herstellungsverfahren |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3303806A (en) * | 1965-05-17 | 1967-02-14 | Plastic Can Corp | Method for making metallic containers |
| GB1453439A (en) * | 1973-01-13 | 1976-10-20 | Ti Silencer Services Ltd | Catalytic reactor for exhaust emission control |
| DE2400443A1 (de) * | 1974-01-05 | 1975-07-10 | Erhardt Bischoff Fabrik Fuer K | Vorrichtung zum reinigen der abgase von brennkraftmaschinen |
| US3955643A (en) * | 1974-07-03 | 1976-05-11 | Brunswick Corporation | Free flow sound attenuating device and method of making |
| JPS5817335B2 (ja) * | 1975-04-10 | 1983-04-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化用の一体型触媒コンポ−ネントの製造方法 |
| JPS53141166A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-12-08 | Chuo Hatsujo Kk | Honey comb catalytic converter and assembly method therefor |
| DE2935470C2 (de) * | 1979-09-01 | 1984-03-01 | Zeuna-Stärker GmbH & Co KG, 8900 Augsburg | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer gasdichten, elastischen Wicklung um die Umfangsfläche eines Katalysatorkörpers einer Vorrichtung zur katalytischen Reinigung der Auspuffgase von Brennkraftmaschine |
| JPS5739054A (en) * | 1980-08-20 | 1982-03-04 | Musashi Seimitsu Kogyo Kk | Forging method for forming tooth form on outer circumference of ring-shaped blank |
| JPS58179529A (ja) * | 1982-04-14 | 1983-10-20 | Teruyuki Watanabe | 断面h形筒体の鍛造方法 |
| DE3519965C3 (de) * | 1985-06-04 | 1993-12-23 | Eberspaecher J | Anordnung zur Halterung eines Katalysators in einem Gehäuse eines Abgassystems eines mit flüssigem Brennstoff betriebenen Motors |
| JPS6244325A (ja) * | 1985-08-23 | 1987-02-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | リング状部品の柱状物外周への装着方法および装置 |
| SE456104B (sv) * | 1986-06-16 | 1988-09-05 | Sandvik Ab | Anordning for katalytisk rening av avgaser fran forbrenningsmotor |
-
1988
- 1988-04-13 DE DE8888105906T patent/DE3872381D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-04-13 EP EP88105906A patent/EP0336002B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-04-13 ES ES198888105906T patent/ES2033359T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-04-13 AT AT88105906T patent/ATE77677T1/de active
-
1989
- 1989-03-29 US US07/330,607 patent/US5018272A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2033359T3 (es) | 1993-03-16 |
| EP0336002A1 (fr) | 1989-10-11 |
| US5018272A (en) | 1991-05-28 |
| ATE77677T1 (de) | 1992-07-15 |
| DE3872381D1 (de) | 1992-07-30 |
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