Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/78—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
  • D01F6/76—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from other polycondensation products

Definitions

• Threads made from aromatic polymers such as polyether sulfone, are spun from solutions of the polymer. This requires complex solvents which are removed from the spun threads and have to be recovered. Overall, this process is very complex. Attempts have also been made to spin such polymers out of the melt. However, it has been found that such polymers are difficult to spin from the melt, since the threads produced have irregularities and these also result in many thread breaks during the subsequent stretching, which leads to an unusable end product.
• the A and B can be the same or different and each denote a 1,4-phenylene or 1,7-naphthylene radical and B can also denote a 4,4'-biphenylene radical, which can each contain chlorine atoms as substituents and R1 and R2 are the same or can be different and each represents an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and / or repeating units of the general formula -OX-SO2-X- II, in which X denotes a 1,4-phenylene radical, 4,4'-biphenylene radical or a 1,7-naphthylene radical, each of which may have chlorine atoms as substituents, characterized by a content of less than 1% by weight of non-homogeneous in the aromatic polymers soluble proportions.
• the invention further relates to a process for the production of threads from at least one aromatic polymer, built up from recurring units of the general formula I and / or II, in which a melt of the aromatic polymer with a content of less than 1% by weight is added non-homogeneous fractions soluble in the aromatic polymers at a temperature T which is at least 10 ° C below the decomposition temperature of the aromatic polymer and at the temperature T the melt viscosity at a shear rate of 10 to 1000 sec ⁇ 1 is less than 1000 Pas, spun into threads .
• the new threads have the advantage that they are characterized by high uniformity and in particular that they are easy to stretch.
• the new threads are available without the use of expensive solvents by spinning from the melt using conventional spinning devices.
• the threads according to the invention generally have a diameter of 20 ⁇ m to 2 mm, in particular 25 ⁇ m to 1 mm.
• the threads are formed from the melt and consist essentially of at least one aromatic polymer, built up from repeating units of the general formula in which A and B can be the same or different and each denote a 1,4-phenylene radical or 1,7-naphthylene radical and B can also denote a 4,4'-biphenylene radical, which can each contain chlorine atoms as substituents and R1 and R2 are the same or can be different and each represents an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and / or repeating units of the general formula -OX-SO2-X- II, in which X denotes a 1,4-phenylene radical, 4,4'-biphenylene radical or a 1,7-naphthylene radical, each of which may have chlorine atoms as substituents.
• a and B each denote a 1,4-phenylene radical which may have 1 to 2 chlorine atoms as substituents, in particular an unsubstituted 1,4-phenylene radical.
• X denotes a 1,4-phenylene radical which has 1 or 2 chlorine atoms
• aromatic polymers can contain conventional additives, such as stabilizers, in effective amounts.
• the threads according to the invention thus consist essentially of polymers with repeating units of the formula I from polymers with repeating units of the formula II from copolymers with repeating units of the formula I and II, and also from mixtures of such polymers.
• Examples of recurring units of the formula I and II are
• the aromatic polymers advantageously have a relative solution viscosity of 1.40 to 2.0.
• the preparation of the aromatic polymers is described for example in DE-AS 14 45 806.
• the aforementioned aromatic polymers have a content of less than 1% by weight, e.g. 0.01 to 1% by weight, in particular 0.05 to 0.8% by weight, of non-homogeneously soluble fractions of the aromatic polymers.
• non-homogeneously soluble fractions are, for example, salts from the production of the polymers or gel fractions.
• they are non-homogeneously soluble parts with a particle diameter of> 5 ⁇ m up to 100 ⁇ m.
• the content of non-homogeneously soluble fractions is expediently determined using the flow vision device from Schwing Maschinenstechnik on a measuring extruder, the registered events with a size of> 5 ⁇ m ⁇ 20 events / min at an extruder throughput of 1 kg / h should be.
• the aromatic polymer advantageously has a relative viscosity of 1.40 to 1.65, while for threads with a diameter of 0.1 to 1 mm, the aromatic polymer advantageously has a relative viscosity from 1.65 to 2.
• the threads according to the invention are easy to draw.
• Advantageous threads are e.g. stretched 1.2 to 10 times.
• the threads according to the invention are advantageously obtained from a melt of at least one of the aforementioned aromatic polymers with a content of less than 1% by weight of non-homogeneously soluble components in aromatic polymer at a temperature T which is at least 10 ° C.
• the decomposition temperature of the aromatic polymer in question and the melt at temperature T has a viscosity of less than 1000 Pas at a shear rate of 10 to 1000 sec ⁇ 1, spins.
• multifilaments with individual thread diameters from 20 to 100 ⁇ but also monofilaments with diameters from 100 to 1500 ⁇ can be spun.
• the spinning is usually carried out on conventional spinning devices, as are known for the production of, for example, polyamide 6 threads.
• the decomposition temperature is understood to be the temperature at which the melt viscosity has increased by more than 10% after the aromatic polymer has been heated for 10 minutes, or in the TGA curve (TGA: thermogravimetry.
• the sample to be taken is at a defined temperature, For example, at the above-mentioned decomposition temperature, heated in air for a certain time (for example 10 minutes and the weight loss measured before and after the treatment), a weight loss of more than 2% by weight of the predried sample occurs, depending on which temperature is lower.
• the spun threads are advantageously drawn 1.2 to 10 times, in particular 1.5 to 8 times, at elevated temperature. Temperatures of 50 to 300 ° C., in particular 75 to 250 ° C., have proven successful.
• the stretching is carried out on conventional stretching devices, e.g. with heated godets.
• the threads according to the invention can also be cut and processed as staple fibers. They are suitable on their own or in a mixture with other threads or fibers for the production of articles in which a high heat resistance, a high resistance to chemicals and moist heat or difficult flammability are required.
• the threads showed numerous inhomogeneities in the form of bubbles and thickenings and could not be drawn.
• the threads thus obtained were stretched 1.5 times at 120 ° C. (heating godet) and 190 ° C. (heating plate).
• the individual threads had a diameter of 40 ⁇ , a tensile strength of 1.15 cN / dtex and an elongation at break of 45%.
• Example 3 The same copolymer as in Example 3 was spun at a temperature of 360 ° C to a monofilament of 0.5 mm2. The monofilaments showed large fluctuations in diameter and were difficult to stretch.
• a copolymer of 75 mol% recurring unit according to Example 1 and 25 mol% recurring unit according to Example 2 with a relative solution viscosity of 1.77 and a melt viscosity of 1052 Pas was converted into a multifilament at 360 ° C. with individual thread diameters of ⁇ 0. 1 mm spun. The individual threads showed large fluctuations in diameter and were difficult to stretch.
• a copolymer according to Comparative Example 3 was spun at 360 ° C to monofilaments of 0.5 and 0.65 mm in diameter and then stretched twice at 220 ° C.
• the monofilaments had a tensile strength of 145 N / mm2 and an elongation at break of 45%.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=6353304

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 1988
  • 1988-04-30 DE DE3814715A patent/DE3814715A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1989
  • 1989-04-21 JP JP1100369A patent/JPH01314725A/ja active Pending
  • 1989-04-22 ES ES89107285T patent/ES2073415T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1989-04-22 EP EP89107285A patent/EP0340572B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1989-04-22 DE DE58909314T patent/DE58909314D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events