EP0340660B1 - Dispositif sur voies ferrées pour engendrer des critères de présence pour roues roulant sur rails - Google Patents

Dispositif sur voies ferrées pour engendrer des critères de présence pour roues roulant sur rails Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0340660B1
EP0340660B1 EP19890107752 EP89107752A EP0340660B1 EP 0340660 B1 EP0340660 B1 EP 0340660B1 EP 19890107752 EP19890107752 EP 19890107752 EP 89107752 A EP89107752 A EP 89107752A EP 0340660 B1 EP0340660 B1 EP 0340660B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
transmitting coil
wheel
receiving coils
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19890107752
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0340660A2 (fr
EP0340660A3 (en
Inventor
Josef Frauscher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ING JOSEF FRAUSCHER Hydraulik und Sensortechnik
Original Assignee
ING JOSEF FRAUSCHER Hydraulik und Sensortechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ING JOSEF FRAUSCHER Hydraulik und Sensortechnik filed Critical ING JOSEF FRAUSCHER Hydraulik und Sensortechnik
Publication of EP0340660A2 publication Critical patent/EP0340660A2/fr
Publication of EP0340660A3 publication Critical patent/EP0340660A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0340660B1 publication Critical patent/EP0340660B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
    • B61L1/163—Detection devices
    • B61L1/165—Electrical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for generating presence criteria of rail-bound wheels for attachment to track paths, consisting of a coil system which can preferably be mounted on the inside of the track with an AC-powered transmitter coil, via which voltages can be induced in two receiver coils assigned to the transmitter coil and their induction field via an im Monitoring area located wheel, in particular whose wheel rim is changeable in shape, so that the voltages induced in the receiver coils change compared to the idle state.
  • a device for actuating relays or axle counting devices in which the transmitter and receiver coils are attached to a T-shaped iron core, these transmitter coils on the vertical bar of the core and the two secondary coils on the two horizontal core beams sit and are connected against each other.
  • One horizontal core beam encloses an air gap with the rail, the other horizontal core beam that points away from the rail includes an air gap with a preferably adjustable piece of soft iron, and the soft iron piece, the T-core and the rail are through a soft iron foot magnetically connected.
  • the air gap between the piece of soft iron and the associated horizontal core beam is adjusted so that in the idle state the voltages induced in the mutually connected windings cancel each other, whereas when a wheel rim passes through the other T-beam and the rail, the balance is disturbed and an induction current flows, which can be used for relay actuation.
  • a vehicle-operated device for generating presence criteria is known, which is not necessarily operated by wheels and therefore does not have to be arranged in the immediate vicinity of the rail.
  • Transmit and receive coils are used on ferrite cores, one transmitter coil each on a core and two receiver coils on both sides of the core on a common yoke arranged at right angles to and connected to it, so that the magnetic flux generated by the transmitter coil in two partial feet is split, which flow through the receiving coils, so that the induced voltages in the unactuated state cancel each other out in terms of size and phase position.
  • two systems are again arranged one behind the other in the direction of movement.
  • DE-OS 1 516 589 discloses a device with two transmitting coils through which current flows in opposite directions, the magnetic flux of which flows through one or two receiving coils, which are located on a magnetic core common to the transmitting coils.
  • the two opposing magnetic fluxes rise in this arrangement in the idle state, so that no voltage is induced in the receiving coil (s) until the flow balance is disturbed by the presence of a metal object.
  • the device according to the invention differs from the known devices in that the transmitter coil designed as a bar coil is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rail and is accommodated with the receiver coils in a common housing and the receiver coils are free of ferromagnetic connections to the transmitter coil while maintaining distances from their longitudinal ends and their axes opposite with respect to the central axis running perpendicular to the axis of the transmitter coil, with axes inclined to the axis of the transmitter coil, preferably approximately at right angles, which are to be directed against the passage area of the wheel or wheel rim, and their induction voltages can be fed to separate inputs of a monitoring circuit .
  • the design according to the invention achieves a directional sensitivity of the entire coil system, the voltages induced in the receiver coils always being greater than zero and being the same size if the device is properly arranged on the rail.
  • the flooding of the Receiver coils change with the presence or the entry of objects with a damping effect into the effective range of the receiver coils, objects present or entering both above and below the receiver coils influencing the induced voltage.
  • the side that is closer to the transmitter coil is assumed to be the underside of the receiver coils. If there is a damping or damping object underneath the receiver coils, the induction field is deflected due to the asymmetrical arrangement of the receiver coils to the transmitter coil so that the magnetic induction in the receiver coils and thus the induction voltage increases.
  • a damping object above the receiver coils deflects the magnetic field in the sense that the magnetic induction in the receiver coils and thus the induction voltage is reduced.
  • some of the field lines of the transmitter coil intersect the receiver coils at a certain angle, as a result of which a voltage is induced in the receiver coils.
  • Damping objects change the field density and the angle at which the field lines intersect the receiver coils.
  • the term "effective range" is used below. This effective range is to be understood as the distance of a damping object with a defined minimum size from the transmitter coil, which results in an output signal change that is greater than signal changes caused by interference, e.g. B. due to temperature, may occur.
  • the effective range depends on the size of the coils, the quality of the receiver coils and the geometric position of the receiver coils with respect to the transmitter coil.
  • the axes of the receiver coils and the axis of the transmitter coil are preferably in a common plane.
  • the device is advantageous on the rail with parallel to the axis of the transmitter coil and extending at a distance from this with the receiver coils mounted on the one hand past the rail head directed towards the passage area of the wheel rim and on the other hand running through the rail foot.
  • the rail foot acts as a damping object below the receiver coils.
  • the damping via the rail foot is also a measure of the correct arrangement of the device according to the invention on the rail. If the device is mounted with receiver coils arranged above the transmitter coil and arranged in the manner described above, the induction voltage of the receiver coils reaches its maximum value in the idle state. If the device is attached closer to the rail, the rail head acts as a damping object in the effective range of the receiver coils and also reduces the induction voltage in the idle state. The passage of a wheel rim through the effective area leads to a characteristic change in the induction voltage.
  • the voltages induced in the two receiver coils, or the analog output signals of the device obtained from them, are not linked to one another, but rather are fed to separate inputs of a preferably external monitoring circuit and, if necessary, converted there into digital signals during processing.
  • the variables subsequently referred to as output signals not only contain information about the instantaneous value of the induction voltages, but also allow a mutual comparison. Such a possibility of comparing the mutually independent output signals is of essential importance in order to increase the signal safety with regard to component and transmission errors. It is also possible to use the signals to monitor and adjust the correct position of the device on the rail.
  • a change in the angle around the vertical central axis means that the rail foot only has a partial damping effect on the underside of the receiver coil which is further away from the rail web. Different output signals therefore occur at the two coils.
  • the two receiver coils receive different distances from the rail base, which in turn leads to different output signals.
  • a rotation of the device about the horizontal, parallel to the rail longitudinal axis causes, when the receiver coils are inclined to the rail head, that the rail head enters the effective area above the receiver coils and the rail foot exits the effective area below the receiver coils. This leads to a reduction in the output signals compared to the size that occurs with correct positioning. If the receiver coils are inclined away from the rail head, the rail web enters the effective area below the receiver coils and, because of its larger area and the reduced distance from the coils, causes a greater damping of the underside of the coil, so that the signals increase compared to the normal position.
  • different evaluations can be carried out in the monitoring circuit by comparing the signals with one another or with stored levels. For example, if there is signal equality in the range of a predetermined response level, a signal characterizing the wheel passage over the center of the device can be generated.
  • the housing is mounted on a sample rail that has the same profile as the track rails at the intended place of use.
  • the transmitter coil is excited and the housing is aligned until the induction voltages on the two receiver coils reach a predetermined height range and are equal to one another.
  • a fastening device serving for the final assembly at the place of use is adjusted or manufactured with mounts that fit on the rail and housing.
  • a device according to the invention is attached to the rails 1 to 3.
  • a transmitter coil S and two receiver coils E1 and E2 are mounted in a common mounting housing, not shown.
  • the coils S, E1 and E2 form a coil system which is attached with the longitudinal axis LS of the transmitter coil parallel to the rail 1 to 3 , the center axes A1 and A2 of the receiver coils being arranged perpendicular to the axis LS and intersecting this axis outside the coil S.
  • the coils E1, E2 are arranged at a distance d from the axis LS and at a distance a from the top of the rail head 1.
  • the coil S has a length e.
  • the distance between the axes A1, A2 was designated c.
  • the vertical central axis of the coil system was designated HS.
  • the axes HS, A1, A2 lie at a distance b from the central axis M of the rails 1 to 3.
  • An oscillator O connected to a supply voltage Uv feeds the transmitting coil S with alternating current, so that an alternating magnetic field with the typical field line course around the coil S Rod coil is created.
  • Some of the field lines L intersect the receiver coils at a defined angle, so that induction voltages occur in the receiver coils E1, E2 and are converted into output signals U1, U2 in assigned demodulators D1, D2.
  • the coils S, E1, E2 are firmly anchored in the common housing (not shown) and are free from one another of ferromagnetic connections.
  • the coil axes A1, A2 are directed at the rail foot 3, which is therefore located as a damping metal surface in the effective area under the receiver coils E1, E2.
  • the axes A1, A2 run past the rail head 1 in the exemplary embodiment and when arranged correctly and are directed against the possible passage area of the wheel rim 5. As long as there is no wheel 4 in the effective range, the greatest possible output signals U1, U2 occur in the arrangement shown. If a wheel 4 with its wheel flange 5 enters the effective area above the receiver coils E1, E2, it causes a reduction in the output signals U1, U2 as a damping metal object.
  • FIG. 3 shows the course of the output signals U1, U2 at correct arrangement of the device on the rail illustrated during the passage of a wheel 4 with flange 5.
  • the path W is understood to mean the path traveled from the center of the axis, with a movement from left to right being assumed with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the coil axes A1 and A2 were equated with the center lines of these coils.
  • An arriving wheel enters the effective area above the receiving coil E1 with its wheel flange at point F1.
  • the output signal U1 decreases until the center of the axis is above the center of the coil, that is to A1, and then increases again from the minimum that occurs here to the exit area F2 of the flange 5 from the effective area of the coil E1.
  • the entry point of the wheel rim into the effective area was designated as F3 and the exit point as F4.
  • the signal U2 reaches its minimum when the axis center passes through A2.
  • the signal trains U1, U2 are shifted from each other by the distance c.
  • the axis of the wheel is at the intersection F5 of the two signals U1, U2 exactly in the middle above the receiver coils E1 and E2 and thus on the axis HS.
  • the signal intersection F5 can be detected in an external evaluation circuit, so that an exact location of the wheel center is possible, for example, for exact speed measurements or for hot runner location.
  • the analog output signals U1 and U2 can be processed into digital signals or switching information.
  • comparator circuits can be provided which carry out both a relative comparison of the output signals U1 and U2 and an absolute comparison of U1 and U2 with one or more internal signal levels.
  • Such a comparison level is indicated by Up in FIG. 3.
  • B can be used for direction-dependent axle counting.
  • the comparison level Up can also be used if it is desired to determine whether the receiver coils E1 and E2 are correctly installed, assuming that, when correctly installed, Uo must be greater than Up. Further comparison levels and the relative comparison of the output signals U1 and U2 lead to information about the type and size of an incorrect mounting of the device according to the invention on the rail, about cable errors, etc.
  • the signals according to the invention can also be used to determine the wheel diameter. It was found that the signals U1 and U2 change in their course depending on the wheel diameter, so that clear statements about this wheel diameter can be obtained by appropriate evaluation of the signals.
  • One way of determining the wheel diameter is to record the peak value of the minima of the signals U1 and U2 as well as Uo and the signal value at the intersection F5 of the signals U1 and U2.
  • the ratio of the signal difference Uo - peak value to the signal difference Uo - signal value in F5 results in a parameter inversely proportional to the wheel diameter. With smaller wheels, the signal value at F5 is closer to Uo than with larger wheels.
  • the device according to the invention enables a high level of signal security.
  • the device can be cyclically tested for functionality and correct installation.
  • the intensity of the alternating magnetic field of the transmitter coil can be changed compared to the normal state, for example as a function of an external test signal Height-changed output signals U1 and U2 are compared with assigned setpoints, for example comparison level Up, so that reaction signals are generated which allow a statement about the operational readiness of the device according to the invention, including the assigned peripheral devices (e.g. cable path and comparator modules).
  • the supply voltage Uv of the oscillator could be changed to one or more test values if the power output of the oscillator is voltage-dependent.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Dispositif pour générer des critères de présence de roues guidées destiné à être monté sur des voies ferrées, composé d'un système de bobines qui est monté de préférence sur le côté intérieur d'un rail d'une voie et comporte une bobine émettrice (S) alimentée en courant alternatif,
    au moyen de laquelle des tensions peuvent être induites dans deux bobines réceptrices (E1, E2) associées à ladite bobine émettrice (S) et dont la forme du champ d'induction peut être modifiée par une roue, en particulier sa jante, se trouvant dans la zone de surveillance, de manière telle que les tensions induites dans les bobines réceptrices varient par rapport à l'état au repos,
    et d'un circuit de surveillance qui exploite les tensions d'induction,
    caractérisé par le fait
    que la bobine émettrice (S) qui est agencée sous forme de bobine droite est destinée à être disposée dans la direction longitudinale du rail et est logée dans un boîtier commun avec les bobines réceptrices (E1, E2)
    et par le fait que les bobines réceptrices (E1, E2) sont disposées sans liaisons ferromagnétiques avec la bobine émettrice en respectant des distances (d) entre leurs extrémités longitudinales et l'axe (LS), dans des positions symétriques par rapport à l'axe médian (HS) perpendiculaire à l'axe (LS) de la bobine émettrice, leurs axes (A1, A2) étant inclinés, de préférence sensiblement à angle droit, par rapport à l'axe (LS) de la bobine émettrice et devant être orientés en direction de la zone de passage de la roue (4) ou de la jante de roue (5), et que leurs tensions d'induction peuvent être amenées à des entrées distinctes du circuit de surveillance.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les axes (A1, A2) des bobines réceptrices (E1, E2) et de préférence également l'axe (LS) de la bobine émettrice (S) sont situées dans un même plan.
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'il peut être monté sur le rail (1 à 3) de manière telle que l'axe (LS) de la bobine émettrice (S) s'étende parallèlement au rail, à distance de celui-ci, et que les axes (A1, A2) des bobines émettrices (E1, E2) d'une part soient dirigés vers la zone de passage de la jante de roue (5), devant le champignon de rail (1), et, d'autre part, coupent le patin du rail (3).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait qu'il peut être monté avec des bobines réceptrices (E1, E2) disposée au-dessus de la bobine émettrice (S).
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que le circuit de surveillance contient un comparateur pour les tensions d'induction des bobines réceptrices (E1, E2) ou les signaux (U1, U2) obtenus à partir de celles-ci qui, lorsqu'une égalité de signal apparaît au voisinage d'un niveau de réaction prédéterminé, produisent un signal qui caractérise le passage de la roue au-dessus du milieu du dispositif.
EP19890107752 1988-05-03 1989-04-28 Dispositif sur voies ferrées pour engendrer des critères de présence pour roues roulant sur rails Expired - Lifetime EP0340660B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT113688A AT397069B (de) 1988-05-03 1988-05-03 Einrichtung an gleiswegen zur erzeugung von anwesenheitskriterien von schienengebundenen rädern
AT1136/88 1988-05-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0340660A2 EP0340660A2 (fr) 1989-11-08
EP0340660A3 EP0340660A3 (en) 1990-07-11
EP0340660B1 true EP0340660B1 (fr) 1994-03-09

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890107752 Expired - Lifetime EP0340660B1 (fr) 1988-05-03 1989-04-28 Dispositif sur voies ferrées pour engendrer des critères de présence pour roues roulant sur rails

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EP (1) EP0340660B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT397069B (fr)
DE (1) DE58907151D1 (fr)

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DE4325406B4 (de) * 1992-09-02 2006-02-23 Tiefenbach Gmbh Näherungsschalter
US5333820A (en) * 1993-02-18 1994-08-02 Union Switch & Signal Inc. Railway vehicle wheel detector utilizing magnetic differential bridge
AT400429B (de) * 1993-12-10 1995-12-27 Vae Ag Verfahren zum festlegen des abtastbereiches von fahrzeugbetätigten messeinrichtungen sowie einrichtung zum einstellen und justieren von messeinrichtungen an gleiswegen relativ zu radsensoren
DE102004041803A1 (de) * 2004-08-24 2006-03-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Ermittlung des Raddurchmessers, insbesondere von Güterwagen
DE102007019751B4 (de) * 2007-04-20 2009-04-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Sensoreinrichtung zum Erkennen einer Befahrung eines Gleisabschnitts durch ein Schienenfahrzeug
RU2405171C1 (ru) * 2009-04-17 2010-11-27 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Российские Железные Дороги" Способ мониторинга опасных карстовых и оползневых участков в зоне железных дорог с использованием естественных стабильных отражений
DE102010027017A1 (de) 2010-07-08 2012-01-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Induktive Sensoreinrichtung sowie induktiver Näherungssensor mit einer induktiven Sensoreinrichtung
EP2468602A1 (fr) 2010-12-21 2012-06-27 Siemens Schweiz AG Capteur de roue
CN103693074A (zh) * 2013-12-18 2014-04-02 苏州瑞尔维电子科技有限公司 用于监控列车运行状况的传感器
NO2710153T3 (fr) * 2014-04-17 2018-07-28
DE102016201896A1 (de) 2016-02-09 2017-08-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sensoreinrichtung zum Erfassen einer Magnetfeldänderung sowie Verfahren zum Abgleichen einer solchen Sensoreinrichtung
DE102016211354A1 (de) 2016-06-24 2017-12-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sendereinrichtung, Sensoreinrichtung und Verfahren zum Erfassen einer Magnetfeldänderung
CN113264084A (zh) * 2021-05-27 2021-08-17 海宁德科隆电子有限公司 轨道计轴传感器
DE102022201840A1 (de) 2022-02-22 2023-08-24 Gts Deutschland Gmbh Achszählverfahren und Achszählsystem

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0340660A2 (fr) 1989-11-08
EP0340660A3 (en) 1990-07-11
AT397069B (de) 1994-01-25
DE58907151D1 (de) 1994-04-14
ATA113688A (de) 1993-06-15

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