EP0345557B1 - Méthode et appareil pour régler le compactage lors de l'extrusion de parties composées de particules lignocellulosiques et liants - Google Patents

Méthode et appareil pour régler le compactage lors de l'extrusion de parties composées de particules lignocellulosiques et liants Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0345557B1
EP0345557B1 EP89109483A EP89109483A EP0345557B1 EP 0345557 B1 EP0345557 B1 EP 0345557B1 EP 89109483 A EP89109483 A EP 89109483A EP 89109483 A EP89109483 A EP 89109483A EP 0345557 B1 EP0345557 B1 EP 0345557B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
heating
partitionings
walls
setting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89109483A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0345557A2 (fr
EP0345557A3 (fr
Inventor
Karl Schedlbauer
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SCHEDLBAUER, KARL
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Schedlbauer Karl
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19883819382 external-priority patent/DE3819382A1/de
Application filed by Schedlbauer Karl filed Critical Schedlbauer Karl
Priority to AT89109483T priority Critical patent/ATE104201T1/de
Publication of EP0345557A2 publication Critical patent/EP0345557A2/fr
Publication of EP0345557A3 publication Critical patent/EP0345557A3/fr
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Publication of EP0345557B1 publication Critical patent/EP0345557B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/26—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using press rams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/28—Moulding or pressing characterised by using extrusion presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/224—Extrusion chambers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the compression during extrusion and extrusion tube pressing of small parts, in particular small plant parts, using binders, in which the filling and pressing chamber, and the cooling and molding channel, as well as the curing channel Partitions are divided longitudinally and form at least two or more filling and pressing rooms, optionally cooling and molding channels and curing channels.
  • Document EP-A-339 495 is state of the art according to Art 54 (3) EPC. With this method, individual solid and hollow strands are produced at high pressing speeds with very precise compliance and uniformity of compression in the pressing direction, and thus the weights and the specific weight.
  • the output is naturally correspondingly greater with the increase in the number of strands produced with such a device.
  • the compaction is controlled by moving partitions and / or moving mandrels in extrusion molding.
  • the invention has for its object to produce strands of small parts, in particular small plant parts, with binders, independently or largely independently of their profile and wall thickness with a precisely controllable compression of greatest uniformity and with an increased output.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the degree of compression of the strand being formed should not be controlled by a controlled braking deceleration of the longitudinally movable partition walls carried by the press stroke via static friction, which protrude through the filling and pressing chamber and through the curing channel and form the side faces of the strands, but by a hydraulically controlled one Hardening channel profile change.
  • the partitions divided in the longitudinal direction of the shaping and curing channels are fixed in position.
  • a liquid heating and pressure medium is then let into existing cavities in the partitions, which can be made of elastic material. This allows the partition profile to be adjusted or the individual surfaces of the partition walls to be set in different positions.
  • the preferably hydraulically movable partition walls themselves are therefore subdivided into several individual partition walls lying one after the other in the longitudinal direction.
  • the product strand is no longer supported by partition walls that are rigid in the transverse direction, but by individually adjustable membrane surfaces.
  • the degree of compression of the strand that is formed is controlled by a hydraulic hardening channel profile adjustment.
  • these partitions are designed with elastic elements that have cavities for receiving a heating or pressure medium.
  • the invention therefore teaches to design the partitions in the filling and pressing space in such a way that their side faces abutting the strand forming meet the same geometric conditions as the side walls of the filling and pressing space. If the filling and pressing space is shaped accordingly, the partitions narrow in a wedge shape from the ram side towards the hardening channel end of the filling and pressing space. Each individual filling and pressing space formed by the partition walls thus fulfills the geometric conditions mentioned.
  • the partition walls in relation to the frictional forces between them and the adjacent strands, perform the same function as the outer walls of the curing channel opposite them.
  • the same, adjustable, variable and reproducible with each press stroke friction force is generated on the respective strand, as with the outer walls of the curing channel set by them and opposing them.
  • the partition walls produce the same friction on the strands as the outer walls of the hardening duct, based on the time in the pressing cycle and the location in the length of the hardening duct, the strands of the same quality are produced as a single strand in a device without partition walls.
  • the partition walls that are movable hydraulically in the radial direction of the strand are designed as cylinder bottoms with an intermediate pressure space.
  • a temperature-resistant elastic element in which the printing surface of the printing medium is located, is installed pressure-tight between the walls, vulcanized or glued.
  • the liquid heating medium can be used as the pressure medium generating the friction between the strands and the partition walls.
  • the same specific pressure can be generated on the strands in the length of the curing channel as with the tensioning elements of the curing channel over its outer walls.
  • the tensioning elements in the length of the curing channel are expediently dimensioned so that the size determining the frictional force is the same size. This is ensured in particular by the fact that the specific pressure on the strand is adapted to the length of the curing channel in accordance with its degree of setting and internal dimensional stability.
  • the pressure of the medium is used, and in the case of proportional magnets used, the voltage proportional to the magnetic force is used as a control variable for setting the frictional force.
  • the pressure spaces associated with the clamping elements can be divided. If the pressure areas of the partition walls are the same in size, the pressure of the heating and pressure medium is adjusted according to the position of the associated clamping elements. If the printing areas are adjusted in size, the same pressure is applied to them.
  • a closed circuit of the heating and pressure medium with a circulating pump is used in order to be able to set and change the friction on the strands with the same precision using the partition walls.
  • a heat exchanger or a heater is provided in this circuit, which heats the medium. If heat exchangers are used, the heat source that heats the curing duct can of course also be used for heating.
  • an expansion tank is provided in the closed circuit, which compensates for changes in volume of the heating and pressure medium. This expansion tank is also designed according to the invention as a pressure generator, the power source of which is a hydraulic cylinder in the case of proportional magnetic clamping elements.
  • the partitions are each formed with several pressure and heating rooms, the pressure and heating rooms in the same length position in the curing channel of all partitions are to be designed as a closed circuit.
  • the number of pressure and heating rooms of each partition determines the number of closed circuits with the associated elements.
  • the partitions are also rigid up to a length from which the outer walls are set with clamping elements.
  • the partitions are only leaned against the strands in such a way that the heat of the pressure and heating medium can be transferred into the strands without major gap losses.
  • strands with different cross sections are produced at the same time with a device, it has proven to be advantageous not only to provide the walls of the partition walls placed on the strands by the pressure and heating medium, but also to provide a backup transversely to the pressing direction.
  • Part of the walls is expediently designed to be longitudinally and transversely stable over the length of the curing channel and the other part is only designed to be longitudinally stable — that is, it can be set transversely to the pressing direction by the pressure and heating medium. This ensures that the strands in the curing channel cannot deviate significantly from the pressing direction.
  • the pressure of the pressure and heating medium is only adapted to the degree of setting and the internal dimensional stability of the strands in the length of the curing channel.
  • Fig. 1 an extrusion device is shown schematically in longitudinal section with a partially broken partition.
  • the filling and pressing space 01 in which the small parts get out of the filling shaft 02 , is closed by a closing element 04 during the pressing stroke of the pressing die 03 .
  • the invention also includes filling and pressing rooms without closing elements 03 .
  • the curing duct 05 with the clamping elements 06 connects to the filling and pressing chamber 01 .
  • the partition 07 protrudes through the filling and pressing chamber 01 and the curing channel 05 .
  • the hardening duct Up to the beginning 08 of the hardening duct, it is rigid and provided in the hardening duct 05 with a pressure and heating chamber 09 , which is delimited by an elastic element 10 , which rests pressure-tight on the surfaces 11 of the partition.
  • the cross section 12 of the pressure and heating chamber 09 is formed in one piece in this example and adapted to the degree of hardening of the binder of the strand and its internal dimensional stability in the hardening channel 05 .
  • Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a curing channel 13 , which adjoins a filling and pressing chamber 14 .
  • the partition 16 is divided into a plurality of pressure and heating rooms 17, 17 ′, 17 ′′ lying along the length of the curing channel.
  • the heating rooms 17 and 17 ' are of equal size in cross-section and, depending on their position in the length of the curing duct 13 , may have different, pressures of the heating and pressure medium dependent on the degree of hardening of the strand and its internal dimensional stability.
  • the heating and pressure chamber 17 '' In the length in which the heating and pressure chamber 17 '' lies, the setting has already progressed so far and the internal dimensional stability of the strand is so great that the surfaces 18 of the partition wall 16 only have to be adjusted so that the heat of the heating - And pressure medium can be transferred without major gap losses. If the cross sections of the pressure and heating rooms 17, 17 ', which may also be divided into several pressure and heating rooms, are of different sizes, the pressure and heating rooms can be combined into a closed circuit and subjected to the same pressure .
  • the specific contact force on the strands is determined in such a way that it corresponds to the tensioning elements 19 belonging to the length of the hardening duct 13 .
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section on the line I - I of FIG. 1 through the filling and pressing space 20 of a three-strand extrusion device.
  • the filling and pressing chamber 20 is closed by a closing slide 21 during the pressing stroke and separated from the inlet shafts 22 .
  • the dividing walls 23 are rigid in the area of the filling and pressing space 20 and are not movably fastened to the boundary wall 24 therein.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a curing channel in which a rectangular strand 25 , a square strand 26 and a round strand 27 are hardened.
  • the profiles of the strands 25, 26, 27 are adapted to the outer walls 28 , 29, 30, 31 , the outer walls 28, 29, 30 being set against the strands 25, 26, 27 by means of tensioning elements 32 .
  • the surfaces 33, 34, 35, 36 of the partitions 37, 38 are connected to one another by elastic elements 39, 40 .
  • the pressure and heating medium circulates in the cavities 41, 42 .
  • the compression of the strands 25 , 26, 27 by the ram of the extrusion press is controlled by the pressure of the pressure and heating medium in the cavities 41, 42 by their surfaces and by the force of the tensioning elements 32 .
  • the forces acting on the strands are adjusted in the length of the curing channel to the degree of curing and, depending on the time, in the pressing cycle of the desired compression.
  • the outer walls 28 , 29, 30, 31 can be heated, for example, by a liquid medium via the bores 43 .
  • Fig. 5 shows a partial cross section through a curing channel in which pencil halves are cured from wood chips.
  • a rigid partition 44 is arranged next to a dividable partition 45 , which results in a simpler construction.
  • Fig. 6 shows a partial cross section through a curing channel in which concentric strands of wood are cured.
  • Partition 46 in four adjustable walls 48 , which are connected to one another in a pressure-tight manner by elastic, temperature-resistant elements 47 , for example made of silicone rubber.
  • the heating and the generation of the friction pressure on the strands 49 is carried out by the heating and pressure medium in the cavity 50 .
  • the mandrels 51 which create the cavity of the strands 49 can be designed to be standing, moving or widening. From a corresponding size, the mandrels 51 are also to be heated.
  • Fig. 7 shows a partial longitudinal section through an extrusion device.
  • the filling and pressing chamber 52 the walls 53 of which run parallel here, is followed by a molding and cooling channel 54 with widening cross sections.
  • the first rigid part 55 of the hardening channel 56 is also designed to widen in a wedge shape.
  • the adjoining part 57 of the curing channel can be designed as described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de régler le compactage de petites pièces par extrusion à plusieurs passages, dans lequel l'espace de remplissage et de compactage (1, 14, 20, 52), le passage de refroidissement et de moulage (54), ainsi que le passage de durcissement (5, 13, 56) sont divisés par des cloisons (7, 16, 23, 37, 38, 44, 45, 46, 48) en sens longitudinal, et dans lequel lesdites cloisons sont fixées à leurs positions et divisées en plusieurs cloisons individuelles l'une derrière l'autre en sens longitudinal et comprennent des vides (41, 42, 50) en matériau élastique, un liquide de chauffage ou respectivement de compression étant introduit dans chacun desdits vides pour ajuster les surfaces individuelles desdites cloisons dans une de plusieurs positions différentes, pendant que le degré de compactage du boudin formé est réglé par ce changement du profil du passage de durcissement sous contrôle hydraulique.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que ledit liquide de chauffage et de compression de chaque cloison (37, 38) est circulé dans un circuit fermé, et en ce que l'énergie thermique est introduite dans ledit liquide de chauffage et de compression moyennant un échangeur de chaleur ou un système de chauffage.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que la pression requise pour le réglage du compactage est appliquée sur ledit liquide de chauffage et de compression moyennant un réservoir compensateur dans ledit circuit fermé, qui est configuré en tant que dispositif multiplicateur de pression.
  4. Procédé selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que ledit liquide de chauffage et de compression de toutes les cloisons est circulé dans un circuit fermé.
  5. Procédé selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que la force exercée sur les surfaces desdits boudins (25, 26, 27), qui portent contre les parois extérieures (28, 29, 30) dudit passage de durcissement (5, 13, 56), est établie par des éléments de serrage (6, 19, 32).
  6. Procédé selon une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que lesdits dispositifs multiplicateurs de pression présentent des taux de multiplications différents pour produire des forces de compression différentes dans les circuits de chauffage et de compression individuels à la même grandeur - en cas d'un établissement hydraulique de la force à la même pression, en cas d'un établissement d'une force magnétique proportionnelle à la même tension.
  7. Appareil pour régler le compactage des petites pièces dans une boudineuse à plusieurs passages, comprenant des cloisons (7, 16, 23, 37, 38, 44, 45, 46, 48) disposées entre les passages de moulage en sens longitudinal desdits passages de moulage et de durcissement (5, 13, 356), dans lequel lesdites cloisons dans ledit passage de moulage et de durcissement sont fixées dans leurs positions et divisées en plusieurs cloisons individuelles l'une derrière l'autre en sens longitudinal, et dans lequel lesdites cloisons sont configurées, au moins en partie, en tant que des éléments élastiques (19, 39, 40, 47) et comprennent des vides (41, 42, 50), et
    dans lequel par cette mesure et de plus au moyen d'un réglage de la position desdites parois extérieures (28, 29, 30) on prévu un ajustage du profil dudit passage de durcissement.
  8. Appareil selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que lesdites cloisons ont une structure rigide dans la zone dudit espace de remplissage et de compactage (1, 14, 20, 52).
  9. Appareil selon la revendication 7 ou 8,
    caractérisé en ce que dans la zone dudit passage de durcissement, où les parois sont mise en appui contre lesdits boudins (25, 26, 27) par des éléments de serrage (16, 19, 32), lesdites cloisons sont formées d'au moins deux ou plus parois reliées l'une à l'autre de façon étanche à la pression, en ce que l'éléments de connexion (10, 39, 40, 47) est élastique à la pression et constitue un vide (9, 17, 41, 42, 50) entre lesdites parois de façon que ledit liquide de chauffage et de compression est circulé dans ce vide sous pression, de manière que la force de frottement, qui produit le compactage des boudins, est établie par cette pression.
  10. Appareil selon une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce que ledit vide (9, 17, 41, 42, 50) a des profils en travers de grandeurs différentes le long de la longueur, et en ce que la pression superficielle exercées par les côtés desdites cloisons sur lesdits boudins est adaptée au degré de durcissement et à la stabilité dimensionnelle intérieure desdits boudins.
  11. Appareil selon une quelconque des revendications 7 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que la pression dudit liquide de chauffage et de compression, qui est circulé dans ledit vide (9, 17, 41, 42, 50) est variable en fonction du temps dans le cycle de compactage.
  12. Appareil selon une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11,
    caractérisé en ce que chaque espace de chauffage et de compression d'une ou plusieurs cloisons est relié à un circuit fermé de chauffage et de compression séparé.
  13. Appareil selon une quelconque des revendications 7 à 12,
    caractérisé en ce que deux ou plus espaces de chauffage et de compression (9, 17, 41, 42, 50) d'une ou plusieurs ou de toutes les cloisons respectivement appartiennent à un seul circuit fermé de chauffage et de compression.
  14. Appareil selon une quelconque des revendications 7 à 13,
    caractérisé en ce que la pression superficielle exercée sur lesdits boudins dans chaque espace de compression (9, 17, 41, 42, 50) est ajustable le long de la longueur desdites cloisons en variant la surface de pression et/ou les pressions.
  15. Appareil selon une quelconque des revendications 7 à 14,
    caractérisé en ce que la pression superficielle exercée sur lesdits boudins est variable en réglant la pression exercée par ledit liquide de chauffage et de compression le long de la longueur dans ledit passage de durcissement et/ou la force exercée par lesdits éléments de serrage.
EP89109483A 1988-06-07 1989-05-26 Méthode et appareil pour régler le compactage lors de l'extrusion de parties composées de particules lignocellulosiques et liants Expired - Lifetime EP0345557B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89109483T ATE104201T1 (de) 1988-06-07 1989-05-26 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung der verdichtung beim strang- und strangrohrpressen von kleinteilen, insbesondere aus pflanzlichen kleinteilen, mit bindemitteln.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3819382 1988-06-07
DE19883819382 DE3819382A1 (de) 1988-04-26 1988-06-07 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung der verdichtung beim strang- u. strangrohrpressen von kleinteilen, insbes. aus pflanzl. kleinteilen, mit bindemitteln

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0345557A2 EP0345557A2 (fr) 1989-12-13
EP0345557A3 EP0345557A3 (fr) 1991-04-10
EP0345557B1 true EP0345557B1 (fr) 1994-04-13

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EP89109483A Expired - Lifetime EP0345557B1 (fr) 1988-06-07 1989-05-26 Méthode et appareil pour régler le compactage lors de l'extrusion de parties composées de particules lignocellulosiques et liants

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EP (1) EP0345557B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE104201T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE58907432D1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2535989C3 (de) * 1975-08-12 1980-06-26 Anton 8891 Unterbernbach Heggenstaller Vorrichtung zum Ausharten stranggepreßter Körper
DE3814082A1 (de) * 1988-04-26 1989-11-09 Karl Schedlbauer Verfahren und vorrichtung zum steuern der verdichtung beim strangpressen von kleinteilen, insbesondere holzkleinteilen, mit bindemitteln

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0345557A2 (fr) 1989-12-13
DE58907432D1 (de) 1994-05-19
EP0345557A3 (fr) 1991-04-10
ATE104201T1 (de) 1994-04-15

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