EP0354076B1 - Antenne mit Mikrowellenenergieverteilung über zweiseitig geschirmte Streifenleitungen - Google Patents

Antenne mit Mikrowellenenergieverteilung über zweiseitig geschirmte Streifenleitungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0354076B1
EP0354076B1 EP89401832A EP89401832A EP0354076B1 EP 0354076 B1 EP0354076 B1 EP 0354076B1 EP 89401832 A EP89401832 A EP 89401832A EP 89401832 A EP89401832 A EP 89401832A EP 0354076 B1 EP0354076 B1 EP 0354076B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuits
circuit
triplate
antenna
distributors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89401832A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0354076A1 (de
Inventor
Vincent Dubois
Philippe Naudin
Valdo Trubert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
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Publication date
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna structure comprising microwave energy distribution circuits of the triplate type.
  • a known embodiment of the antenna consists in using a plurality of radiating elements distributed in a plane in N rows and M columns, the scanning of the space by the beam of microwave energy thus obtained can be done by rotation mechanical around one or two axes, or by electronically scanning one or two planes, electronically controllable phase shifters then being added to the structure.
  • this type of antenna uses a single microwave energy source, it is necessary to distribute this energy, for example first vertically between N horizontal planes, then to distribute it horizontally between the M radiating elements carried by each plane horizontal.
  • circuits of the triplate type are generally used, and in particular air triplate circuits in which the dielectric consists of air.
  • a stack of N triplate circuits is thus obtained, each distributing the energy to M radiating elements and separated from each other by spacers in order to respect the pitch chosen for the radiating elements in the vertical direction.
  • Such an arrangement generally forms a bulky and heavy antenna.
  • the production of three-way distribution circuits becomes difficult when their size increases, thus limiting the number M of radiating elements per distributor.
  • British patent application GB 2,191,044 describes an antenna capable of transmitting and receiving a circularly polarized wave using crossed dipoles supplied with the aid of triplate circuits.
  • the present invention relates to an antenna structure of the previous type in which the drawbacks and limitations are reduced by virtue of the fact that the triplate circuits are arranged so that they have at least part of their ground planes in common, this of course without modifying the steps at which the M x N radiating elements are arranged.
  • the subject of the invention is an antenna as defined by claim 1.
  • Figure 1 therefore shows a cross section of a block diagram of a circuit of the triplate type.
  • This circuit comprises a central conductor 4, kept at a substantially constant distance from two conductive planes 1 and 2, which behave like short circuits and which are called ground planes.
  • the central conductor is separated from the ground planes by a dielectric 3 which can be constituted by air.
  • a triplate circuit also includes mechanical support means for the central conductor, not shown in this figure.
  • FIG. 2 represents a top view of a triplate distribution circuit capable of being used in the antenna according to the invention.
  • the diagram in FIG. 2 being a top view, only a ground plane is visible, marked 11.
  • the triplate circuit is for example substantially rectangular, its central conductor (not visible) receiving, for example on one of the long sides from the rectangle, marked 12, the energy coming from distribution means R (for example along the vertical axis), via a coupler and, when an electronic scan is carried out in the vertical plane, a phase shifter, for distributing it in the horizontal plane (according to the previous example) with M radiating elements, for example of the dipole type, marked D1, D2 Across D M , arranged on the other long side of the rectangle, marked 13.
  • the dipoles D each consist of two superimposed half-dipoles which constitute an extension of each of the ground planes, only the upper half-dipole being visible and marked 10, and by a half-dipole marked 40, which is an extension of the central conductor.
  • the dipoles are regularly arranged on the side 12, at a pitch denoted p M.
  • the ground planes consist of aluminum sheets and the central conductor, of copper ribbons.
  • the three-ply structure can be mechanically reinforced by foam, placed between the central conductor and the ground planes.
  • FIG. 2 also shows a plurality of junctions J D , arranged for example in notches made in the side 13, ensuring the connection between several triplate circuits, the precise constitution and the function, in some embodiments, are described in more detail below.
  • the distributor R is also constituted by a triplate circuit, arranged for example as shown in the figure on the side 13, normally in the plane of the distributor triplate, the electrical connection between the two triplate circuits can be carried out using a J R junction on one of the short sides of the rectangle, similar to the previous J D junction.
  • FIG. 3 represents a first embodiment, seen in partial section in the vertical plane, of the antenna according to the invention.
  • triplate distribution circuits T D seen in section, separated and held by spacers 8.
  • Each of the distribution circuits T D consists of two triplate circuits, marked T1 and T2, superimposed.
  • the first of these circuits, T1 carries the dipoles D produced in the extension of the circuit T1 as shown in FIG. 2, and part of the microwave circuits necessary for distribution.
  • the other triplate circuit, T2 carries the rest of the distribution circuits. It is arranged parallel to the triplate circuit T1 so as to have in common with it one of its ground planes, the plane 12 in the example shown, and it is then further constituted by a second ground plane, marked 14 and a central conductor, identified 13.
  • the circuits T1 and T2 are fixed in a vertical support 3 at the rear of the antenna.
  • a conducting plane 9 forming a reflector for the dipoles.
  • the microwave energy supplied to the distributor R is distributed to the different (N) distributor circuits via couplers and, where appropriate, phase shifters; the energy supplied to each of the distributor circuits is distributed to the M dipoles carried by each of these circuits.
  • the term “distribution” is used for the division of energy between the source and the (N) horizontal planes, and that the term “distribution” is used at the 'inside the horizontal planes, between the different (M) radiating elements.
  • Such a structure therefore makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the antenna (between front face and rear face), as well as its weight due to the reduction in the number of ground planes.
  • FIG. 4 represents an embodiment of a junction J D between two triplate circuits T1 and T2 forming the same distributor circuit T D.
  • FIG 4 there is shown the rear face of the circuits T2 and T2.
  • the circuit T1 always includes the ground plane 11, its central conductor identified 10, shown in dotted lines and the ground plane 12 which it has in common with the circuit T2, whose central conductor is identified 13 and the second ground plane 14.
  • the junction J D between the two triplate circuits is constituted by a micro-ribbon type circuit, that is to say comprising a ground plane 5 and a ribbon-shaped conductor 6 arranged parallel to the ground plane and separated from the latter by a dielectric material 7.
  • the circuit J D is placed on the rear face of the circuits T1 and T2.
  • the central conductors 10 and 13 of the two triplates T1 and T2 are each provided with a tongue extending outside the circuit, crossing the ground plane 5 (without electrical contact with it) and the dielectric 7, so as to come into electrical contact with the conductor 6.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Antenne mit elektronischer Strahlschwenkung, mit:
    - einem Zuteiler (R), der mit einem Sender oder einem Empfänger für Mikrowellen-Strahlungsenergie verbunden ist und die Zuteilung von Energie auf N Verteiler gewährleistet;
    - N Verteilern (TD), die jeweils die Verteilung von Energie, die sie empfangen, auf M Strahlerelemente gewährleisten und in Form von Dreiplattenleitungen verwirklicht sind, wobei jede der Dreiplattenleitungen einen Mittelleiter sowie zwei beiderseits des Mittelleiters angeordnete Masseebenen enthält, die zu diesem letzteren im wesentlichen parallel und vom Mittelleiter durch ein dielektrisches Material getrennt sind;
    - M x N Strahlerelementen (D) ;
    wobei die Antenne gekennzeichnet ist durch die Tatsache, daß jeder der Verteiler (TD) durch zwei übereinanderliegende Dreiplattenleitungen (T₁, T₂) verwirklicht ist, wobei die erste Leitung (T1) die in ihrer Verlängerung angeordneten Strahlerelemente (D) trägt und die zweite Leitung (T2) mit dem Zuteiler (R) verbunden ist, wobei diese zwei Leitungen eine gemeinsame Masseebene besitzen, daß die Verteiler (TD) zueinander parallel angeordnet sind und daß jeder der Verteiler (TD) außerdem wenigstens ein Verbindungselement (JD) enthält, das die Verbindung zwischen den Mittelleitern von dessen zwei Dreiplattenleitungen gewährleistet.
  2. Antenne nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß das Verbindungselement jedes Verteilers durch eine Mikrostreifenleitung gebildet ist, die eine Masseebene (5) sowie einen Leiter (6) in Streifenform enthält, der von der Masseebene durch ein dielektrisches Material (7) getrennt ist, wobei jeder der Mittelleiter der Dreiplattenleitungen mit einer Zunge versehen ist, die durch die Masseebene und das Dielektrikum der Mikrostreifenleitung ohne elektrischen Kontakt mit der Masseebene der Mikrostreifenleitung in der Weise verläuft, daß sie mit dem Streifen in elektrischen Kontakt gelangt.
  3. Antenne nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß das dielektrische Material der Dreiplattenleitungen durch Luft gebildet ist.
  4. Antenne nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch die Tatsache, daß die Strahlerelemente vom Dipoltyp sind.
EP89401832A 1988-07-13 1989-06-27 Antenne mit Mikrowellenenergieverteilung über zweiseitig geschirmte Streifenleitungen Expired - Lifetime EP0354076B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8809545 1988-07-13
FR8809545A FR2634325B1 (fr) 1988-07-13 1988-07-13 Antenne comportant des circuits de distribution d'energie micro-onde du type triplaque

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0354076A1 EP0354076A1 (de) 1990-02-07
EP0354076B1 true EP0354076B1 (de) 1995-12-06

Family

ID=9368421

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89401832A Expired - Lifetime EP0354076B1 (de) 1988-07-13 1989-06-27 Antenne mit Mikrowellenenergieverteilung über zweiseitig geschirmte Streifenleitungen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5153602A (de)
EP (1) EP0354076B1 (de)
DE (1) DE68925005T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2634325B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6028494A (en) * 1998-01-22 2000-02-22 Harris Corporation High isolation cross-over for canceling mutually coupled signals between adjacent stripline signal distribution networks
US6130585A (en) * 1998-01-22 2000-10-10 Harris Corporation Cross-over distribution scheme for canceling mutually coupled signals between adjacent stripline signal distribution networks
US6097260A (en) * 1998-01-22 2000-08-01 Harris Corporation Distributed ground pads for shielding cross-overs of mutually overlapping stripline signal transmission networks
FR2807213B1 (fr) 2000-03-31 2003-07-25 Thomson Csf Dephaseur hyperfrequence, et antenne a balayage electronique comportant de tels dephaseurs

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2411872A (en) * 1942-06-11 1946-12-03 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Microwave directive antenna
US3623112A (en) * 1969-12-19 1971-11-23 Bendix Corp Combined dipole and waveguide radiator for phased antenna array
GB1387450A (en) * 1972-07-14 1975-03-19 Marconi Co Ltd Dipole aerial arrangements
US3845490A (en) * 1973-05-03 1974-10-29 Gen Electric Stripline slotted balun dipole antenna
US4353072A (en) * 1980-11-24 1982-10-05 Raytheon Company Circularly polarized radio frequency antenna
GB2111310B (en) * 1981-11-27 1985-07-03 Marconi Co Ltd Antenna array
GB2113476B (en) * 1982-01-15 1985-07-03 Marconi Co Ltd Antenna arrangement
GB2191044B (en) * 1986-05-28 1989-12-13 Gen Electric Plc Antenna arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2634325A1 (fr) 1990-01-19
US5153602A (en) 1992-10-06
FR2634325B1 (fr) 1990-09-14
DE68925005D1 (de) 1996-01-18
DE68925005T2 (de) 1996-05-09
EP0354076A1 (de) 1990-02-07

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