EP0355430A2 - Elément de construction en aluminium soumixe à la friction - Google Patents

Elément de construction en aluminium soumixe à la friction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0355430A2
EP0355430A2 EP89113552A EP89113552A EP0355430A2 EP 0355430 A2 EP0355430 A2 EP 0355430A2 EP 89113552 A EP89113552 A EP 89113552A EP 89113552 A EP89113552 A EP 89113552A EP 0355430 A2 EP0355430 A2 EP 0355430A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
intermediate layer
aluminum
coating
hardness
base material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89113552A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0355430A3 (fr
Inventor
Alfred Rutka
Götz Mielsch
Rudolf Dr. Flierl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0355430A2 publication Critical patent/EP0355430A2/fr
Publication of EP0355430A3 publication Critical patent/EP0355430A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
    • C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
    • C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
    • C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/02—Surface coverings of combustion-gas-swept parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminum component subjected to friction, in particular a valve lifter or a piston of an internal combustion engine, which has a surface coating with a hardness that is significantly higher than that of the aluminum base material.
  • Coated aluminum components of this type are sufficiently known and can also be designed, for example, as a valve guide. Examples of such components can be found in DE-OS 27 49 227 or DE-OS 29 29 890.
  • the invention is not limited to the components mentioned above, but lends itself wherever the correspondingly high requirements explained below are made.
  • valve tappets made of an aluminum base structure in aluminum cylinder heads of internal combustion engines Arrange material, because the matching thermal expansion coefficient, regardless of the prevailing temperature conditions, always ensures optimal guidance of the valve lifter.
  • the object of the invention is to demonstrate a coated, friction-stressed aluminum component that is further improved in terms of mechanical stability. This object is achieved by the characterizing features of the first claim.
  • a solution to the further problem of demonstrating a coating method which is advantageous for the aluminum component developed according to claim 3 is specified in the fourth patent claim. Further advantageous training and further education describe the other subclaims.
  • at least one additional intermediate layer is provided between the aluminum base material and the actual surface coating, the hardness of which lies between the hardness values specified by the aluminum base material and the surface coating.
  • the properties of this intermediate layer are much more similar to those of the aluminum base material than the actual surface coating. On the other hand, since there are certain similarities in properties to the latter, this intermediate layer prevents this Possible fatigue cracks.
  • This intermediate layer can be designed to be completely stress-free, but it is also possible, for example, to build up internal stress in the intermediate layer by adding hardness formers and thus to apply targeted shrinkage stresses.
  • a particularly high level of stability is achieved with a so-called “gradient coating" according to claim 2.
  • gradient coating For example, by continuously adding a hardness former to the material of the intermediate layer, an equally continuously increasing hardness curve can be built up in this.
  • an advantageous coating material the mechanical properties of which can be easily influenced by adding a hardening agent, for example saccharin, is specified in the third claim.
  • the surface coating is designed as a nickel dispersion layer with inserted wear particles, for example in the form of silicon carbide.
  • Claim 7 finally specifies how the so-called “gradient coating” according to claim 2 can be represented in a simple manner. This is used strongly temperature-dependent absorption behavior of saccharin on activated carbon.
  • Pockets 2 which have a depth of approximately 1 to 5 ⁇ m, are first etched into the surface of an aluminum component 1, which is only shown in fragments and which in particular represents a valve tappet or a piston of an internal combustion engine. This is done by placing the aluminum component 1 in a solution of potassium monopersulfate and hydrochloric acid. Since the aluminum component was pretreated with nickel chloride for chemical nickel deposition in a previous step, the nickel layer partially dissolved in potassium monopersulfate. The existing chloride ions of hydrochloric acid are reduced to nascent chlorine and cause pitting in the aluminum. Then the pockets 2 are cleaned in an ultrasonic bath, after which the remaining nickel layer is stripped off, for example, in nitric acid.
  • the pocketed surface of the aluminum base material is activated by placing it in a hydrofluoric acid bath.
  • the intermediate layer according to the invention can be deposited in the form of a nickel layer without internal stresses in a layer thickness of approximately 10 ⁇ m. This process takes place electrolytically in a nickel sulfate bath, to which to a small extent hardening agents, for example in the form of saccharin, can be added. No wear particles are provided in this intermediate layer.
  • the current program to be applied must be coordinated in a known manner in such a way that the pockets 2 are completely filled with nickel.
  • the resulting intermediate layer is designated by the number 3.
  • a known nickel dispersion layer 4 with high compressive stresses and high hardness is applied to this intermediate layer 3 without further intermediate treatment in order to increase the wear resistance.
  • the layer thickness set using the appropriate current program is 30 to 40 m.
  • the specified coating process results in a so-called gradient coating with different internal stresses. While the aluminum base material has a hardness of approximately 140 HV, the hardness of the intermediate layer 3 is approximately 240 HV and the hardness of the nickel dispersion layer 4 is 600 HV. With this structure, the desired hard surface coating adheres optimally to the aluminum component.
  • the heating is low, only a small amount of saccharin is released; if the heating is higher, saccharin can reach the coating bath in a higher concentration.
  • the container is cooled again in order to bind the saccharin returned from the coating bath.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
EP19890113552 1988-08-23 1989-07-24 Elément de construction en aluminium soumixe à la friction Withdrawn EP0355430A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3828527 1988-08-23
DE3828527 1988-08-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0355430A2 true EP0355430A2 (fr) 1990-02-28
EP0355430A3 EP0355430A3 (fr) 1991-06-12

Family

ID=6361385

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890113552 Withdrawn EP0355430A3 (fr) 1988-08-23 1989-07-24 Elément de construction en aluminium soumixe à la friction

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0355430A3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010102807A3 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2010-11-25 Ipt International Plating Technologies Gmbh Ensemble à couches à base de nickel pour impression en creux
WO2010102808A3 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2010-11-25 Ipt International Plating Technologies Gmbh Pièce présentant au moins une couche à base de nickel

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3281293A (en) * 1963-07-19 1966-10-25 Chemcut Corp Method of etching aluminum
BE791008A (fr) * 1971-11-09 1973-05-07 Citroen Sa Perfectionnements apportes aux procedes pour la formation sur une paroiexposee a des forces de friction et appartenant a une pieceen alliage leger, d'une revetement metallique composite resistant a l'usure
FR2475582A1 (fr) * 1980-02-13 1981-08-14 Peugeot Cycles Procede de nickelage avec particules

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010102807A3 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2010-11-25 Ipt International Plating Technologies Gmbh Ensemble à couches à base de nickel pour impression en creux
WO2010102808A3 (fr) * 2009-03-13 2010-11-25 Ipt International Plating Technologies Gmbh Pièce présentant au moins une couche à base de nickel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0355430A3 (fr) 1991-06-12

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