EP0365005A2 - Procédé et dispositif pour déterminer la pression interne d'un récipient - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour déterminer la pression interne d'un récipient Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0365005A2
EP0365005A2 EP89119418A EP89119418A EP0365005A2 EP 0365005 A2 EP0365005 A2 EP 0365005A2 EP 89119418 A EP89119418 A EP 89119418A EP 89119418 A EP89119418 A EP 89119418A EP 0365005 A2 EP0365005 A2 EP 0365005A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
internal pressure
vessel
electromagnetic radiation
frequency
electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89119418A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0365005A3 (fr
Inventor
Harald Dr. Fink
Rainer Dipl.-Ing. Dominik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Veb Otto Buchwitz Starkstrom-Anlagenbau Dresden
Original Assignee
VEB "Otto Buchwitz" Starkstrom-Anlagenbau Dresden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VEB "Otto Buchwitz" Starkstrom-Anlagenbau Dresden filed Critical VEB "Otto Buchwitz" Starkstrom-Anlagenbau Dresden
Publication of EP0365005A2 publication Critical patent/EP0365005A2/fr
Publication of EP0365005A3 publication Critical patent/EP0365005A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/668—Means for obtaining or monitoring the vacuum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for determining the internal pressure of an evacuated vessel with at least two electrodes that are insulated from one another, in particular a high-voltage vacuum switching chamber with two contacts.
  • the invention further relates to a device for performing such a method.
  • the method and the device can be used in particular in the manufacture or operation of vacuum systems, especially in vacuum switches, but also generally in the field of vacuum measurement technology.
  • Vacuum systems usually only work reliably and reliably when a predetermined, usually low internal pressure is guaranteed. This preferably also applies to the functional reliability of the switching chamber of vacuum switches.
  • the movement sequences on the switching device are assessed, the relationship between internal pressure and driving forces being used for evaluation.
  • the plasma time constant, luminous phenomena of discharges, changes in field strength or the changes in current in gas discharge sections arranged inside or outside are used to evaluate the internal chamber pressure.
  • a circuit arrangement for pressure determination in evacuated vessels, in particular in vacuum switches is known, in which, when high voltage is present, the field emission current emitted by the cathode is subjected to a noise analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis, the ratio between high and low frequency noise is a measure of the internal chamber pressure (DD-A-257 296).
  • a noise analysis e.g. Fourier analysis
  • the ratio between high and low frequency noise is a measure of the internal chamber pressure (DD-A-257 296).
  • the field emission current emitted by the cathode is tapped off on a condensation screen.
  • the circuit arrangement consists at least of an analysis network, a comparator module and a display device.
  • the field emission current emitted and appropriately tapped by the cathode when the operating voltage is present is fed to the analysis network, which is suitable for carrying out a frequency analysis of the current. It can consist of two or more frequency filters, e.g. L-C low frequency filters.
  • the signals thus obtained which are proportional to the components of the noise spectrum in two frequency bands rn, are fed to the comparator module.
  • the comparator module e.g. a differential amplifier, a signal is obtained which corresponds to the ratio of the powers in the high-frequency and low-frequency range of the current signal-noise spectrum and is fed to a display device; with appropriate calibration, this performance ratio is a direct measure of the pressure.
  • Disadvantages are the high expenditure on equipment and testing technology to determine the noise spectrum and the orientation towards the detection of high-frequency noise components, which can also be caused by non-pressure-dependent processes.
  • a disadvantage is also the need to attach additional connection devices for the screen tap and the inapplicability to commercially available vacuum switches with cast vacuum interrupters.
  • the invention has for its object a Method and a device for determining the internal pressure in evacuated vessels, for. B. vacuum interrupters, specify that require a relatively low technical effort, the measured value mt outside the vacuum vessel provided means to be detected.
  • the probe is oriented in particular to the electrode connected or acting as an anode in the evacuated vessel.
  • the device according to the invention is a vacuum high-voltage switch
  • the high voltage applied to the vacuum switch in the open state is advantageously used as the high-voltage source.
  • the radiation emitted is in particular an X-ray radiation, the frequency of which depends on the voltage applied.
  • This radiation changes constantly with a frequency which is in the range from approximately 2 to approximately 20 Hz.
  • This frequency is a measure of the pressure (vacuum) prevailing in the vessel or test object.
  • a distinction must be made between the non-periodic fluctuations in intensity, which are in the range of frequencies «1 Hz. Corresponding frequency discrimination is therefore easily possible.
  • the applied electrical high voltage can have any signal curve or voltage curve; Within the scope of the invention, in particular direct voltages and alternating voltages can be used.
  • the voltage should be approximately ⁇ 28 kV, the upper limit being determined by the insulation design of the vessel or a vacuum interrupter to be tested.
  • Operating voltages of 12 kV or 24 kV correspond to test voltages of 28 kV or 50 kV.
  • the measured variable is electromagnetic radiation that can be detected without contact.
  • the solution presupposes the newly gained knowledge that the temporal change in the intensity of this detected electromagnetic radiation occurs or is superimposed at a frequency that is in a defined connection with the internal pressure in the evacuated vessel.
  • the method according to the invention thus uses the recognized relationship between the internal pressure to be determined and this frequency.
  • the probe for determining the electromagnetic radiation has, in particular, an ionization chamber or another device that responds to X-rays.
  • a condensation screen 2 a movable switch contact 3 and a fixed switch contact 4 are arranged in a vacuum switching chamber 1, the switch contacts 3, 4 not touching one another, ie the switch being in the open state.
  • a defined voltage is applied to the switching contacts 3, 4, the switching contacts 3, 4 acting as an anode or cathode.
  • an electromagnetic radiation which contains a useful signal emerges from the vacuum interrupter chamber 1.
  • This electromagnetic radiation is collected by a probe 5 for analysis of the useful signal contained therein.
  • the probe 5 here consists of an ionization chamber in which, when voltage is applied by the incoming electromagnetic radiation, a particle stream is created which is used for the analysis of the measured values.
  • This probe 5 is on the vacuum interrupter 1, e.g. at the level of the open switching contacts 3, 4, and arranged at a certain distance from the surface of the vacuum interrupter 1.
  • a measuring signal which is proportional to the useful signal consisting of a photon flux is implemented in the downstream processing unit 6.
  • the processing unit 6 determines the frequency of the change over time in the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation detected by the probe 5 and determines the internal pressure on the basis of the predetermined relationship between this frequency and the internal pressure in the vessel 1.
  • the processing unit 6 can record the measurement signal of the probe 5, which is then recorded over time with a recording device, for example a y-t recorder or a transient memory with a downstream y-t recorder, and used for frequency evaluation.
  • a recording device for example a y-t recorder or a transient memory with a downstream y-t recorder, and used for frequency evaluation.
  • the correlation between frequency and internal pressure can also be based on such registrations.
  • the output unit 7 is designed such that it displays and / or records and / or stores and / or outputs a corresponding analog or digital signal the internal pressure and / or the temporal change in the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation on the basis of a corresponding signal .
  • the determination of the internal pressure of the vacuum interrupter chamber 1 is based on the fact that it has been found that the frequency of the charge carrier current flowing between the anode and cathode when a voltage is applied is a function of the internal pressure and the electromagnetic radiation as a carrier of the useful signal changes as a function of time representing charge carrier current is caused.
  • the molecules of the residual gas remaining during the evacuation of the vacuum interrupter 1 and consisting predominantly of hydrogen (H 2 ) adsorb on the surface of the electrodes (3, 4) made of metal, ie the surfaces of the switch contacts, a dynamic equilibrium being established between adsorption and desorption .
  • the time-dependent behavior of the charge carrier current and thus the electromagnetic radiation is caused by the dynamic process of adsorption and desorption of the residual gas molecules in the vacuum interrupter (1).
  • a higher internal pressure in the vacuum interrupter with a higher residual gas fraction causes a higher adsorption or desorption rate, ie a faster change between adsorption and desorption, and thus a higher frequency of changing the intensity of the electromagnetic radiation.
  • the device according to the invention for determining the internal pressure of vessels can also be used with a different electrode configuration or potential assignment than that described above.

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  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
EP19890119418 1988-10-21 1989-10-19 Procédé et dispositif pour déterminer la pression interne d'un récipient Withdrawn EP0365005A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD320963 1988-10-21
DD32096388A DD276358A1 (de) 1988-10-21 1988-10-21 Verfahren und anordnung zur ermittlung des innendruckes eines evakuierten gefaessen, insbesondere einer vakuumschaltkammern

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0365005A2 true EP0365005A2 (fr) 1990-04-25
EP0365005A3 EP0365005A3 (fr) 1991-04-24

Family

ID=5603316

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890119418 Withdrawn EP0365005A3 (fr) 1988-10-21 1989-10-19 Procédé et dispositif pour déterminer la pression interne d'un récipient

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0365005A3 (fr)
DD (1) DD276358A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2681470A1 (fr) * 1991-09-17 1993-03-19 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a vide muni de moyens d'autodiagnostic.
EP0537074A1 (fr) * 1991-10-10 1993-04-14 Gec Alsthom Sa Disjoncteur à enveloppe en matériau composite équipé d'un dispositif de surveillance
DE4203757A1 (de) * 1992-02-10 1993-08-12 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum pruefen des vakuums einer elektrischen vakuumschaltkammer sowie einrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE4310619A1 (de) * 1992-04-02 1993-10-14 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Verfahren und Apparat zum Nachweisen einer Reduktion im Vakuumgrad eines Vakuumschaltventils
EP0758794A1 (fr) * 1995-08-10 1997-02-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de surveillance du vide d'un disjoncteur sous vide
WO2005117048A1 (fr) * 2004-05-18 2005-12-08 Jennings Technology Procédé et appareil de détection de conditions de haute pression dans un dispositif de commutation sous vide
WO2007070700A3 (fr) * 2005-12-16 2007-08-16 Jennings Technology Procede et dispositif de detection de conditions de haute pression dans un appareil electrique a vide
US7313964B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2008-01-01 Jennings Technology Method and apparatus for the detection of high pressure conditions in a vacuum-type electrical device
US7383733B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2008-06-10 Jennings Technology Method and apparatus for the sonic detection of high pressure conditions in a vacuum switching device
US7802480B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2010-09-28 Thomas And Betts International, Inc. Method and apparatus for the detection of high pressure conditions in a vacuum-type electrical device

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3347176A1 (de) * 1983-12-27 1985-07-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Vorrichtung zum messen des innendrucks eines betriebsmaessig eingebauten vakuumschalters
US4534741A (en) * 1984-01-05 1985-08-13 General Electric Company Method for assessing the dielectric state of a high voltage vacuum device using radiation generated by field emission current
DD257296A1 (de) * 1987-01-29 1988-06-08 Akad Wissenschaften Ddr Verfahren und schaltungsanordnung zur druckbestimmung in evakuierten gefaessen, insbesondere vakuumschaltern
DE3743868A1 (de) * 1987-09-30 1989-07-06 Siemens Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum vakuumnachweis bei vakuumschaltroehren

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2681470A1 (fr) * 1991-09-17 1993-03-19 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a vide muni de moyens d'autodiagnostic.
EP0537074A1 (fr) * 1991-10-10 1993-04-14 Gec Alsthom Sa Disjoncteur à enveloppe en matériau composite équipé d'un dispositif de surveillance
FR2682527A1 (fr) * 1991-10-10 1993-04-16 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a enveloppe en materiau composite equipe d'un dispositif de surveillance.
DE4203757C2 (de) * 1992-02-10 2002-08-01 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum Prüfen des Vakuums einer elektrischen Vakuumschaltkammer sowie Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE4203757A1 (de) * 1992-02-10 1993-08-12 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zum pruefen des vakuums einer elektrischen vakuumschaltkammer sowie einrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE4310619A1 (de) * 1992-04-02 1993-10-14 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Verfahren und Apparat zum Nachweisen einer Reduktion im Vakuumgrad eines Vakuumschaltventils
US5399973A (en) * 1992-04-02 1995-03-21 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for detecting a reduction in the degree of vacuum of a vacuum valve while in operation
EP0758794A1 (fr) * 1995-08-10 1997-02-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de surveillance du vide d'un disjoncteur sous vide
US5739419A (en) * 1995-08-10 1998-04-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for monitoring the vacuum of a vacuum switch
WO2005117048A1 (fr) * 2004-05-18 2005-12-08 Jennings Technology Procédé et appareil de détection de conditions de haute pression dans un dispositif de commutation sous vide
US7225676B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2007-06-05 Jennings Technology Method and apparatus for the detection of high pressure conditions in a vacuum switching device
US7302854B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2007-12-04 Jennings Technology Method and apparatus for the detection of high pressure conditions in a vacuum-type electrical device
US7313964B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2008-01-01 Jennings Technology Method and apparatus for the detection of high pressure conditions in a vacuum-type electrical device
US7497122B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2009-03-03 Thomas And Betts International, Inc. Method and apparatus for the detection of high pressure conditions in a vacuum-type electrical device
US7802480B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2010-09-28 Thomas And Betts International, Inc. Method and apparatus for the detection of high pressure conditions in a vacuum-type electrical device
US7383733B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2008-06-10 Jennings Technology Method and apparatus for the sonic detection of high pressure conditions in a vacuum switching device
WO2007070700A3 (fr) * 2005-12-16 2007-08-16 Jennings Technology Procede et dispositif de detection de conditions de haute pression dans un appareil electrique a vide
CN101331573B (zh) * 2005-12-16 2012-04-25 托马斯及贝茨国际股份有限公司 用于真空式电气装置高气压条件检测的方法和设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0365005A3 (fr) 1991-04-24
DD276358A1 (de) 1990-02-21

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