EP0378128A2 - Procédé de flottation sélective de minerais de phosphate - Google Patents

Procédé de flottation sélective de minerais de phosphate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0378128A2
EP0378128A2 EP90100215A EP90100215A EP0378128A2 EP 0378128 A2 EP0378128 A2 EP 0378128A2 EP 90100215 A EP90100215 A EP 90100215A EP 90100215 A EP90100215 A EP 90100215A EP 0378128 A2 EP0378128 A2 EP 0378128A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flotation
collector
minerals
formulas
collectors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90100215A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0378128B1 (fr
EP0378128A3 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Dr. Morawietz
Werner Dr. Ritschel
Kurt Bauer
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0378128A3 publication Critical patent/EP0378128A3/fr
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Publication of EP0378128B1 publication Critical patent/EP0378128B1/fr
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/001—Flotation agents
    • B03D1/004—Organic compounds
    • B03D1/01—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/001—Flotation agents
    • B03D1/004—Organic compounds
    • B03D1/008—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
    • B03D2201/02—Collectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
    • B03D2201/04—Frothers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
    • B03D2201/06—Depressants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
    • B03D2203/02—Ores
    • B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
    • B03D2203/06—Phosphate ores
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S209/00—Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
    • Y10S209/902—Froth flotation; phosphate

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the separation of phosphorus minerals such as apatite, phosphorite, francolith etc. by means of flotation from crude ores or preconcentrates with the aid of anionic oxhydrile collectors which come from the group of monoalkyl alkenylsuccinic acid.
  • flotation is a widespread sorting process for mineral raw materials, in which one or more valuable minerals are separated from the worthless ones.
  • the mineral raw material is prepared for flotation by dry, but preferably wet, grinding of the pre-comminuted ore to a suitable grain size, which depends on the one hand on the degree of overgrowth, i.e. on the size of the individual grains in a mineral composite, and on the other hand according to the maximum to be flotated Grain size judges, which can be very different depending on the mineral.
  • the type of flotation machine used also influences the maximum grain size to be floated. It is not the rule, but often, that the well crystallized igneous phosphate ores allow a coarser grinding (for example ⁇ 0.25 mm) than those of marine sedimentary origin (for example ⁇ 0.15 mm).
  • Further steps in preparing a phosphate ore for flotation can include pre-separating worthless material on the one hand, for example, by heavy turbid cleavage (separation of relatively coarse constituents) and, on the other hand, by desludging (separation of fine-grain sludge).
  • pre-separating worthless material on the one hand, for example, by heavy turbid cleavage (separation of relatively coarse constituents) and, on the other hand, by desludging (separation of fine-grain sludge).
  • the removal of magnetic minerals, which are almost always present in phosphate ores of magmatic origin, by means of magnetic separation can also be considered as a pre-enrichment method.
  • the invention is not limited to flotation processes which have been preceded by any pre-concentration.
  • the present invention relates to the direct flotation of the phosphor minerals, but which can also follow a preceding reverse flotation step, which consists, for example, in a flotation of silicate minerals by means of cationic collectors.
  • a large number of anionic and amphoteric chemical compounds are known as collectors for phosphorus minerals, for example unsaturated fatty acids (oil, linoleic, linolenic acid) and their sodium, potassium or ammonium soaps, mono- and dialkyl phosphates, alkanesulfocarboxylic acids, alkylarylsulfonates,
  • Acylaminocarboxylic acids and alkylaminocarboxylic acids include.
  • Collectors are also known which are adducts of sulfosuccinic acid (see, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,207,178; 4,192,739; 4,158,623; 4,139,481 and SU Pat. No. 1,113,317).
  • Many of these chemical classes of compounds however, have a poor selectivity that does not allow the production of salable phosphate concentrates or the use of larger quantities of regulating reagents, especially of pusher pusher minerals.
  • the invention thus relates to a process for the selective flotation of phosphorus minerals, in which the flotation slurry as a collector is a compound of the formulas 1a and 1b wherein R 'is branched or unbranched C 8 -C 24 alkenyl, R 2 is branched or unbranched C, -C 4 alkyl and M is hydrogen, ammonium, triethanolammonium, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal atom.
  • alkenylsuccinic acid monoalkyl esters are prepared in a known manner by reacting alkenylsuccinic anhydrides with C 1 -C 4 alcohols in a molar ratio of 1: 1. To complete the reaction, either heated to about 80-120 ° C. for 5 hours or catalytic amounts of the corresponding alcoholate were added. In this case the reaction is complete after one hour.
  • alkenylsuccinic acid monoalkyl esters are suitable for flotation of all phosphorus minerals, such as apatite, phosphorite or francolite from crude ores or preconcentrates with a carbonate and / or silicate gait from ores of magmatic as well as sedimentary or metamorphic origin.
  • These alkenylsuccinic acid monoalkyl esters are added to the flotation slurry, preferably in quantities of 20 to 2000, in particular 50 to 200 g, per ton of raw ore or preconcentrate to be floated. This collector can be added gradually in several portions or in a single one.
  • Suitable compounds are, for example, alcohols with n- or iso-alkyl chains, alkylene oxide adducts of alcohols, alkylphenols and fatty acids, fatty acid alkanolamides, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyalkylene glycols, alkyl or alkenyl glycosides, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, etc.
  • auxiliary reagents are used for flotation find, the ratio of primary collector to secondary collector / co-adsorbent can vary within wide limits, for example from 10-90% by weight for the alkenylsuccinic acid monoalkyl esters and from 90-10% by weight for the secondary collector and co-adsorbents.
  • the amount of active substance in the primary collector is usually greater than that in the auxiliary reagents, but this does not rule out the reverse.
  • the alkenylsuccinic acid monoalkyl esters hydrophobize the phosphorus minerals so selectively that the other minerals present in the ore remain hydrophilic, ie are not collected in the foam on the surface of the flotation slurry.
  • one or more pushers must be used for the gangue minerals to improve the separation success.
  • Suitable inorganic or organic chemical pushers are, for example, sodium silicate, hydrofluoric acid (HF), sodium fluoride (NaF), sodium silicofluoride (Na 2 SiF 6 ), hexameta- or tripolyphosphates, lignin sulfonates and hydrophilic, relatively low molecular weight polysaccharides such as starch (maize, Rice, potato starch, alkaline digested), carboxymethyl starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, sulfomethyl cellulose, gum arabic, guar gums, substitute te guar derivatives (e.g.
  • the pH value of the flotation slurry also plays a role in the foam flotation of phosphate ores. It is usually between 7 and 11, with apatite ores preferably being operated at higher pH values from 9 to 11 and phosphorite ores preferably at lower pH values from 7 to 9.
  • the optimal pH of the flotation slurry which can be decisive for the success of the flotation, differs from ore to ore and must be determined by laboratory and operational tests. Soda (Na 2 CO 3 ), caustic soda (NaOH) or caustic potash (KOH) can be used to regulate the pH.
  • Collector H16 sodium salt of a mixture
  • collector D18 collector H17 sodium salt of a mixture of
  • the natural phosphate ores used for the tests can be characterized as follows.
  • Ore type A P 2 O 5 content approx. 12.8%, corresponding to approx. 30% by mass apatite; Gait minerals: titanite, titanomagnetite, feldspar, feldspar (mostly nepheline), pyroxenes (mostly aegirine) and mica; Grinding to 80% by mass ⁇ 110 ⁇ m.
  • Ore type B P 2 0 5 content approx. 15.3%, corresponding to approx. 36% by mass apatite; Gait minerals and Grinding as with ore type A.
  • Ore type C P 2 0s content approx. 9.0%, corresponding to approx. 21 mass% apatite; Gait minerals: carbonate minerals (mostly calcite, some dolomite), olivine (mostly forsterite), mica (mostly phlogopite); Magnetite, which was largely removed by magnetic separation before flotation; Grinding to 80% by mass ⁇ 135 um.
  • Ore type D P 2 0s content approx. 5.7%, corresponding to approx. 13.5 mass% apatite;
  • Gait minerals carbonate minerals (mainly calcite, little dolomite), pyroxenes (eg augite), mica (mostly phlogopite), titanium magnetite; Magnetite separated by magnetic separation before flotation; Grinding to 80% by mass ⁇ 270 ⁇ m.
  • the superiority of the collectors according to the invention is clear because the alkenylsuccinic acid monoalkyl esters with short ester groups R 2 require amounts which are only about 1/5 of those of the comparison substances with longer ester groups R 2 (collectors V3 and H13).
  • the P 2 0 5 contents of the final concentrates (38.5 to 39.3%; mean value 39.0%) are so close together that a direct comparison of the activity of the individual collectors is possible.
  • the superiority of the substances according to the invention with short ester chains R 2 is demonstrated.
  • the comparison collector V3 requires at least five times the amount to achieve the same P 2 0s output.
  • Ore type B was used for the flotation tests, which is similar to ore A in mineralogical terms, but is somewhat richer in apatite (average P 2 0s content 15.3%).
  • the preparation of this ore for flotation and the test procedure corresponded to those of Example 1.
  • the collector H7 according to the invention was compared with the three comparison products V1, V2 and V3. The individual results are shown in Table 3.
  • the superiority of the collector H7 according to the invention is also evident in the flotation of this ore.
  • the selectivity of the H7 collector ie the achievable apatite enrichment in the final concentrate depending on the apatite yield, is better than that of Comparative collector. It can be assumed that at least for the comparative collector V1 an additional fourth cleaning stage would be required in order to obtain the same concentrate quality, which would mean additional expenditure for flotation machines and energy consumption.
  • the purpose of the flotation tests of this example is to demonstrate the compatibility of the collectors according to the invention with different salt contents of the flotation slurry.
  • Ore type B and its preparation for flotation correspond to those of example 5.
  • the total salinity of the liquid phase was increased from 690 to 1600 mg / l, which occurs during operation with 100% recirculation of the process water without fresh water supply would.
  • two flotation tests were also combined into a so-called "closed circuit test" by including the middle products of the first test in the second, i.e. the middle product 1 of the first experiment was added to the flotation task of the second experiment, the middle product 2 to the task of the first post-cleaning of the second experiment, etc.
  • the activity and selectivity of the collectors according to the invention is therefore retained even at very high salt contents in the flotation slurry. A complete recirculation of the process water is therefore possible without the risk of flotation success, which is important for the protection of the environment.
  • ore type C (average P 2 0 5 content approx. 9.0%) was used, which is characterized above all by high levels of calcite and forsterite. Pyroxenes, phlogopite and dolomite are represented in small quantities. The presence of minerals in this type of ore, which have very similar flotation properties to apatite, inevitably leads to a reduction in selectivity, regardless of the type of collector used. The magnetite portion was largely removed by magnetic separation before flotation. The ore was ground to 80% by mass ⁇ 135 ⁇ m with deionized water, which was also used in the further flotation process. The flotation task was not desludged.
  • the pH of the flotation slurry was adjusted to approx. 10.5 - 10.7 using soda (approx. 150 g / t; conditioning time 1 minute).
  • Soda water glass (approx. 700 g / t; conditioning time 3 minutes) served as a dispersant and pusher.
  • the collector was then added; Conditioning time 3 minutes.
  • the rougher concentrate was cleaned three times without the addition of reagents, so that three middle products were obtained in addition to the final concentrate and the mountains.
  • the selectivity of the comparison collector V3, ie the P 2 0s contents, is dependent on the associated P20s output values initially equal to the inventive collector H7; however, it then decreases very quickly, at least faster than that of the collector H7, which ultimately not only reacts more actively but also more selectively.
  • Table 4 also shows the two collector mixtures H15 and H16, which are combinations of alkenylsuccinic acid monoalkyl esters according to the invention with unsaturated technical-quality fatty acid fractions (e.g. collector D18).
  • the flotation activity of the collectors according to the invention can be increased by adding suitable fatty acids, and even a synergistic effect occurs, since the output values of the collector mixtures (H15, H16) are higher than those of the individual components (H7, D18).
  • the selectivity for the collector mixtures H15 and H16 is averaged between the individual components H7 and D18, i.e.
  • these mixtures are not quite as selective as the alkenylsuccinic acid monoalkyl esters according to the invention, but are still clearly more selective than the comparative collector V3.
  • the selectivity can be improved by shifting the mixing ratio of collectors according to the invention to secondary collectors in favor of the primary collectors.
  • An increase in selectivity by two points is also possible, for example, by adding 10% of a fatty acid oxalkylate, ie. of an anionic co-adsorbent, as contained in the collector H17.
  • the flotation was carried out with deionized water. First, 500 g / t of starch which had been digested with NaOH were added to the flotation slurry (conditioning time 7 minutes), as a result of which the pH of the flotation slurry adjusted to approximately 10.5. By partially pressing the calcite, the starch supports the selectivity of the flotation process.
  • the slurry was then conditioned with the respective collector (duration 3 minutes), the amount added was varied (see Table 5).
  • the flotation then proceeded as usual: foaming a preconcentrate (flotation time 2.5 minutes), the final mountains remaining in the flotation cell; three times after-cleaning of the pre-concentrate (flotation time 2 minutes each), whereby the final concentrate and three middle products were obtained.
  • the individual results are shown in Table 5.
  • the collectors H6, H7, H8, H9, H10 and H14 according to the invention are compared with the comparative collectors V1 and V2. With this type of ore - under otherwise the same flotation conditions - the collectors according to the invention demonstrate their superiority in terms of both activity and selectivity.

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  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
EP90100215A 1989-01-13 1990-01-05 Procédé de flottation sélective de minerais de phosphate. Expired - Lifetime EP0378128B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3900827 1989-01-13
DE3900827A DE3900827A1 (de) 1989-01-13 1989-01-13 Verfahren zur selektiven flotation von phosphormineralen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0378128A2 true EP0378128A2 (fr) 1990-07-18
EP0378128A3 EP0378128A3 (fr) 1991-10-09
EP0378128B1 EP0378128B1 (fr) 1993-11-10

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EP90100215A Expired - Lifetime EP0378128B1 (fr) 1989-01-13 1990-01-05 Procédé de flottation sélective de minerais de phosphate.

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4968415A (fr)
EP (1) EP0378128B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR9000109A (fr)
CA (1) CA2007637A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3900827A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI89877C (fr)
RU (1) RU1795911C (fr)
ZA (1) ZA90229B (fr)
ZW (1) ZW490A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4127151A1 (de) * 1991-08-16 1993-02-18 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur selektiven flotation von phosphormineralen
RU2150330C1 (ru) * 1998-10-27 2000-06-10 Горный институт Кольского научного центра РАН Собиратель для селективной флотации фосфатных руд
CN105618272A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-06-01 中南大学 一种金属离子配合物捕收剂及其制备方法和应用

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2164824C2 (ru) * 1998-07-06 2001-04-10 Красноярская государственная академия цветных металлов и золота Способ флотации апатитовых руд
US6994786B2 (en) * 2004-06-07 2006-02-07 Arr-Maz Products, L.P. Phosphate beneficiation process using methyl or ethyl esters as float oils
US7708144B2 (en) * 2007-11-07 2010-05-04 Richard Windgassen Process for separation of phosphatic materials from coastal beach sand
US8925729B2 (en) * 2008-01-15 2015-01-06 Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc Method for the beneficiation of coal
CN101716559B (zh) * 2009-12-16 2012-11-07 中南大学 一种羟硅铍石类铍矿浮选捕收剂及其应用
US20160114335A1 (en) * 2014-10-23 2016-04-28 Georgia-Pacific Chemicals Llc Methods and collectors for purifying phosphorous containing materials
BR112019012373B1 (pt) 2016-12-23 2022-10-04 Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V Processo para tratar minérios não sulfídicos com uma composição de coletor que contém um coletor primário e um coletor secundário e polpa

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US2099120A (en) * 1936-10-15 1937-11-16 Du Pont Flotation process
US3779380A (en) * 1971-10-12 1973-12-18 Hercules Inc Collector composition for ore flotation
SU749434A1 (ru) * 1978-05-10 1980-07-23 Горный Институт Ордена Ленина Кольского Филиала Им. С.М.Кирова Ан Ссср Собиратель дл флотации фосфатных руд
SU862990A1 (ru) * 1978-09-18 1981-09-15 Горный Институт Ордена Ленина Кольского Филиала Им.С.М.Кирова Ан Ссср Собиратель дл флотации фосфатных руд
US4309282A (en) * 1980-04-14 1982-01-05 American Cyanamid Company Process of phosphate ore beneficiation in the presence of residual organic polymeric flocculants
SU1084076A1 (ru) * 1982-05-17 1984-04-07 Горный Институт Ордена Ленина Кольского Филиала Им.С.М.Кирова Собиратель дл флотации фосфатных руд

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 106, no. 14, 6. April 1987, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 104652N, A.BREDERMAN 'AlkylÄalkenylÜsuccinic acid alkyl monoesters effective collectors for flotation of apatite ' Seite 141 ; *
SOVIET INVENTIONS ILLUSTRATED Woche 8447 , 9 Januar 1985 Derwent Publications Ltd. ,London GB *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4127151A1 (de) * 1991-08-16 1993-02-18 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur selektiven flotation von phosphormineralen
RU2150330C1 (ru) * 1998-10-27 2000-06-10 Горный институт Кольского научного центра РАН Собиратель для селективной флотации фосфатных руд
CN105618272A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-06-01 中南大学 一种金属离子配合物捕收剂及其制备方法和应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI900149L (fi) 1990-07-14
FI89877B (fi) 1993-08-31
FI900149A0 (fi) 1990-01-11
RU1795911C (ru) 1993-02-15
EP0378128B1 (fr) 1993-11-10
DE3900827A1 (de) 1990-07-19
EP0378128A3 (fr) 1991-10-09
ZA90229B (en) 1990-09-26
BR9000109A (pt) 1990-10-23
US4968415A (en) 1990-11-06
ZW490A1 (en) 1990-07-25
CA2007637A1 (fr) 1990-07-13
FI89877C (fi) 1993-12-10

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