EP0379934A1 - Emballage facile à ouvrir - Google Patents

Emballage facile à ouvrir Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0379934A1
EP0379934A1 EP90100810A EP90100810A EP0379934A1 EP 0379934 A1 EP0379934 A1 EP 0379934A1 EP 90100810 A EP90100810 A EP 90100810A EP 90100810 A EP90100810 A EP 90100810A EP 0379934 A1 EP0379934 A1 EP 0379934A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cover part
line
sealing line
sealing
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90100810A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0379934B1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Dr. Bolte
Dieter Heinecke
Günter Hexel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ardagh Metal Packaging Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Schmalback Lubeca AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schmalback Lubeca AG filed Critical Schmalback Lubeca AG
Publication of EP0379934A1 publication Critical patent/EP0379934A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0379934B1 publication Critical patent/EP0379934B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D77/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
    • B65D77/10—Container closures formed after filling
    • B65D77/20—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers
    • B65D77/2024—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers the cover being welded or adhered to the container
    • B65D77/2028—Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab
    • B65D77/2032—Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container
    • B65D77/2044—Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container whereby a layer of the container or cover fails, e.g. cohesive failure
    • B65D77/2048—Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container whereby a layer of the container or cover fails, e.g. cohesive failure whereby part of the container or cover has been weakened, e.g. perforated or precut
    • B65D77/2056—Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container whereby a layer of the container or cover fails, e.g. cohesive failure whereby part of the container or cover has been weakened, e.g. perforated or precut the cover being weakened
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D77/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
    • B65D77/10—Container closures formed after filling
    • B65D77/20—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers
    • B65D77/2024—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers, i.e. flexible membrane or foil-like covers the cover being welded or adhered to the container
    • B65D77/2028—Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab
    • B65D77/2032—Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container
    • B65D77/2044—Means for opening the cover other than, or in addition to, a pull tab by peeling or tearing the cover from the container whereby a layer of the container or cover fails, e.g. cohesive failure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2577/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks, bags
    • B65D2577/10—Container closures formed after filling
    • B65D2577/20—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers
    • B65D2577/2025—Multi-layered container, e.g. laminated, coated
    • B65D2577/2033—Multi-layered container, e.g. laminated, coated with one or more layers of container being torn off upon initial opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2577/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks, bags
    • B65D2577/10—Container closures formed after filling
    • B65D2577/20—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers
    • B65D2577/2041—Pull tabs
    • B65D2577/205—Pull tabs integral with the closure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2577/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks, bags
    • B65D2577/10—Container closures formed after filling
    • B65D2577/20—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers
    • B65D2577/2075—Lines of weakness or apertures
    • B65D2577/2083—Lines of weakness or apertures in container flange
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2577/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks, bags
    • B65D2577/10—Container closures formed after filling
    • B65D2577/20—Container closures formed after filling by applying separate lids or covers
    • B65D2577/2075—Lines of weakness or apertures
    • B65D2577/2091—Lines of weakness or apertures in cover
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S229/00—Envelopes, wrappers, and paperboard boxes
    • Y10S229/924—Means to facilitate gripping a tear strip

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an easy-to-open packaging with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the German utility model 69 01 362 shows a plastic container, the opening of which is sealed with a closure having a grip tab.
  • the cover part forming the closure consists of a metal foil which is provided on the side facing the container with a plastic layer which is firmly and tightly connected to the upper edge of the lower part for closing the container.
  • This layer provided on the metal foil has a weakening line within the connection area which delimits a tear-open area.
  • the plastic layer on the underside of the film can consist of polypropylene and can be connected to the edge of the lower part, for example by sealing.
  • the metal foil has a grip tab with which the closure can be removed to open the container, the plastic layer tearing off along the line of weakness, so that only the area of the plastic layer with the metal foil remaining within the line of weakness is removed, while that with the edge of the The lower part of the ring region of the plastic layer remains firmly connected to the edge of the lower part and peels off from the metal foil when the container is opened.
  • DE-OS 36 13 155 A similar arrangement is shown in DE-OS 36 13 155.
  • the arrangement can also be such that the lower part of the container consists of a corresponding composite film, of which a part delimited by score lines peels off when the container is opened and remains on the cover part.
  • a container designed in this way on the one hand ensures a tight, tight connection between the lid part and the lower part and on the other hand requires less opening force than packaging in which the adhesive force of the sealing line has to be overcome to open it.
  • Practice has shown, however, that considerable forces are still required to open the version described with reference to the documents, since the cover part must be peeled off over the entire length of the sealing line.
  • the features of this teaching ensure that the peeling process remains limited to a very small area of the length of the connecting or sealing line and the opening process is determined by the weakening line lying within the connecting line, regardless of the adhesive force.
  • the peeling process is thus limited to a small area, which is essentially the crossing area between the grip tab and corresponds to the weakening or sealing line.
  • the self-contained scoring can be provided in the edge of the lower part or in the cover part.
  • the sealing line is understood here to mean the line-shaped connecting surface between the parts.
  • the invention is also not restricted to packaging in which the grip tab crosses the edge flange of the lower part.
  • the lower part could be subdivided into several chambers by dividers extending into the connecting plane, the upper side of the dividers likewise being firmly and sealingly connected to the cover part by welding, gluing, cold or heat sealing.
  • the grip tab for at least one chamber area could lie on the side of the cover part facing away from the associated chamber area and be delimited there by a line of weakness.
  • a self-contained scoring can be provided in the crossover area between the handle tab and the sealing line in the upper area of the web, in order to enable a limited peeling process in the crossover area when the handle tab is broken in and gripped to open, until the tear along the weakening line within the assigned chamber area makes this final can be exposed.
  • the packaging according to FIGS. 1 to 5 comprises a cover part 60 made of a film material which, for example, comprises an outer metal, eg aluminum film 66 and a sealable plastic layer 67 on the underside thereof.
  • a tear-open area is delimited at a distance from the edge of the cover part by a circumferential line of weakness 64. In the area of a corner of the approximately square lid part, the tear-open part is integrally connected to a grip tab 65 projecting over the edge of the lid part.
  • the cover part 60 can be flat, as shown, or can be profiled in the desired manner.
  • the cover film can also have an outer lacquer layer or the like which is used for labeling or otherwise designing the outer surface of the cover.
  • the cover part 60 becomes firm and sealing with the edge flange 62 of a lower part 61, e.g. connected by gluing, welding or cold or heat sealing in a surface area which is oriented along a circumferential sealing line 63.
  • the lower part is made of a composite film.
  • This consists e.g. of three layers, namely an outer metal foil 73, a middle plastic layer 72 and an inner plastic layer made of weldable or sealable material.
  • the middle layer 72 is selected such that the sealing layer 71 and the middle layer 72 can be delaminated from one another by peeling off under certain forces.
  • Such composite films are e.g. known from the aforementioned DE-OS 36 13 155.
  • the outer aluminum layer 73 can also carry an outer protective lacquer layer.
  • an additional weakening line or scoring 70 is provided in the corner region of the edge flange 62 of the lower part, on which the grip tab 65 of the cover part projects beyond the packaging, which is shown in more detail in detail 69 according to FIG is.
  • the scoring 70 encloses the sealing line 63 in the corner region and is only interrupted when the sealing line is crossed.
  • the extent of the area delimited by the scoring 70 along the sealing line 63 is determined by the width of the grip tab 65 in the area of intersection with the edge flange 62.
  • the arrangement is such that the adhesive force along the sealing line 63 is greater than the adhesive force between the layers 71 and 62 of the lower part.
  • the area of the layer 71 which is narrowly delimited by the scoring 70 remains firmly connected to the cover part 60 via the sealing line 63 and peels off Edge of the lower part 61 from, so that the grip tab can be easily detached from the lower part and then initiates the intended tearing of the cover part by introducing the tear force into the weakening line 64.
  • the cover part 75 is made from a composite film. This can consist, for example, of an aluminum foil 84 with an outer protective lacquer layer 82, a delamination layer 85 and a heat seal layer 83.
  • the tear area is limited by a line of weakness 77 lying on the outside of the cover part.
  • the cover part 77 is sealed and firmly connected along the connecting or sealing line 76 to the edge flange 81 of the lower part 80.
  • the cover part has a grip tab 78 which projects beyond the edge flange 81 of the lower part.
  • essentially self-contained scratching 86 is provided on the underside of the cover part, which concerns the sealing layer 83 and partly also the delamination layer 85.
  • the sealing layer 83 or the delamination layer 85 detaches from the layer 91 or breaks open under the force introduced by the grip tab 78.
  • the connection along the sealing line 76 remains intact between the edge 81 of the lower part and the cover part, while the grip tab 78 detaches from this edge and enables opening by tearing the weakening line 77.
  • the details in the intersection area are shown again in cross section and on a larger scale in FIG. 10. It can be seen that the delamination does not necessarily have to take place between the layer 83 and the layer 85. Rather, it can also be terminated within layer 85, as indicated in FIG. 10 and already mentioned above.
  • the lower part can also consist of a composite foil, e.g. an aluminum foil 90 with a sealing layer 91.
  • the width of the sealing line is shown in a stronger line in the area of contact between the two parts.
  • the score 86 runs on both sides of the sealing line.
  • such a narrowly limited separation area between the cover part and the lower part can not only be provided in the edge flange of the lower part. If the lower part is divided into two or more chambers by webs or ribs, the cover part is also welded to the top of the separating webs along a sealing line.
  • a narrowly defined intersection area can be equipped with a peeling behavior in the manner described with reference to the figures. This can e.g. be useful in order to allow the opening process to pass from one chamber area to the other chamber area only over limited surface areas of the webs.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Containers Opened By Tearing Frangible Portions (AREA)
  • Cartons (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
EP90100810A 1989-01-19 1990-01-16 Emballage facile à ouvrir Expired - Lifetime EP0379934B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3901503A DE3901503A1 (de) 1989-01-19 1989-01-19 Leicht zu oeffnende verpackung
DE3901503 1989-01-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0379934A1 true EP0379934A1 (fr) 1990-08-01
EP0379934B1 EP0379934B1 (fr) 1993-10-27

Family

ID=6372401

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90100810A Expired - Lifetime EP0379934B1 (fr) 1989-01-19 1990-01-16 Emballage facile à ouvrir

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5002223A (fr)
EP (1) EP0379934B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH02233358A (fr)
AT (1) ATE96393T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3901503A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0379934T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2050281T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015193402A1 (fr) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 Torus Pak Research And Development S.À R.L Plateau d'aliments et procédé pour produire un tel plateau d'aliments

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5176314A (en) * 1989-12-25 1993-01-05 Sumitomo Bakelite Company Limited Easily openable sealed container
JP2724355B2 (ja) * 1990-06-15 1998-03-09 出光石油化学株式会社 易開封性容器及びその製造方法
DK123591A (da) * 1991-06-25 1992-12-26 Schur Int As Brdr Genlukkelig salgsforpakning, f.eks. til skivepaalaeg
CA2170590C (fr) * 1993-09-03 1999-03-16 Daniel James Kinne Fermeture dechirable amelioree
DE4410206A1 (de) * 1994-03-24 1995-09-28 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Fließmittelpackung mit teilweise abreißbarer Greiflasche
WO1997029976A1 (fr) * 1996-02-15 1997-08-21 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Couvercle de recipient
US5979748A (en) * 1997-02-06 1999-11-09 Sonoco Development, Inc. Tubular container with a heat seal having an inner and outer bead and method of manufacturing said container
US6264098B1 (en) * 1997-02-06 2001-07-24 Sonoco Development, Inc. Tubular container with a heat seal having non-symmetrical inner and outer beads
US5868307A (en) * 1997-08-11 1999-02-09 Westvaco Corporation Carton opening feature
IT1296883B1 (it) * 1997-12-18 1999-08-02 Safta Spa Sistema di confezionamento richiudibile e relativi procedimenti di fabbricazione
TW540468U (en) * 1997-12-18 2003-07-01 Safta Spa A flexible composite foil
DE19847125A1 (de) * 1998-10-13 2000-04-20 Zimmer Detlef Gestaltung von Verpackungsmaterialien derart, daß Unterscheidungsmerkmale entstehen, die durch die unterschiedlichen Sinne (z. B. Tast- und Sehsinn) wahrgenommen werden können und Orientierungshilfen bieten, an Verpackung angebrachte Öffnungshilfen zu finden und die Lage von Gegenständen innerhalb der Verpackung (d. h. wo sich z. B. Ober- und Unterseite von Gegenständen befinden) bereits von außen (außerhalb der Verpackung) zu erkennen
FR2797622B1 (fr) * 1999-08-17 2001-11-02 Danisco Flexible France Feuille d'emballage stratifiee permettant la refermeture et emballage la comportant
JP4550971B2 (ja) * 2000-06-23 2010-09-22 共同印刷株式会社 密封容器の蓋体
JP2004513036A (ja) * 2000-11-13 2004-04-30 ザ　プロクター　アンド　ギャンブル　カンパニー 取外し可能な閉鎖デバイス
AR038867A1 (es) * 2002-03-07 2005-02-02 Brasilata Embalagens Metalicas Tapa plastica para lata
DE10359035A1 (de) * 2003-12-15 2005-07-14 Huhtamaki Alf Zweigniederlassung Der Huhtamaki Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg Behälter mit Deckel
DE102006046664B4 (de) * 2006-09-29 2011-03-31 Sig Technology Ag Packung mit peelfähigem Deckel
US20110062043A1 (en) * 2007-04-23 2011-03-17 Bougoulas James A Refillable package for consumable products
MX363996B (es) 2012-07-11 2019-04-09 Gayer Mark Aparato de cubierta multi-porcion removible y metodos relacionados.
US11414253B2 (en) * 2012-07-11 2022-08-16 Mark Gayer Multi-portion removable cover apparatus and related methods
US20150041357A1 (en) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-12 Richards Packaging Inc. -Emballages Richards Inc. Cover sheet for pill receptacle and pillbox kit comprising same
JP6659362B2 (ja) * 2016-01-08 2020-03-04 凸版印刷株式会社 紙製蓋材及び収納容器
CH719573A1 (de) * 2022-04-05 2023-10-13 Alfabio S R I Behältersystem zum Aufbewahren und Transportieren von Lebensmitteln.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7024068U (de) * Kraemer & Grebe Kg Warenpackung
DE6901362U (de) * 1969-01-14 1969-05-14 Stork Amsterdam Kunststoffbehaelter mit ausgussoeffnung
EP0004834A2 (fr) * 1978-04-10 1979-10-17 AB Akerlund & Rausing Eléments de fermeture pour récipients
CH634520A5 (en) * 1979-02-06 1983-02-15 Verbandsmolkerei Region Bern A Tear-open container
DE3613155A1 (de) * 1986-04-18 1987-11-05 Schmalbach Lubeca Leicht zu oeffnende verpackung aus kunststoff

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US3159303A (en) * 1961-08-04 1964-12-01 Acme Plate & Mat Company Tear-open sealed containers
US3572579A (en) * 1969-04-11 1971-03-30 American Can Co Scored peripheral tear strip with reclosure lid
US4351473A (en) * 1980-11-17 1982-09-28 Federal Paper Board Co., Inc. Tray container with tear out cover
JPS59199461A (ja) * 1983-04-23 1984-11-12 テルモ株式会社 包装容器およびその密封方法
US4913307A (en) * 1986-09-30 1990-04-03 Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd. Easily openable packaging container and method for producing the same
US4693390A (en) * 1986-10-15 1987-09-15 Continental Can Company, Inc. Lid for a plastic container
US4865217A (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-09-12 Sumitomo Bakelite Company, Limited Easily openable sealed container
DE3902912A1 (de) * 1989-01-19 1990-08-02 Schmalbach Lubeca Leicht zu oeffnende verpackung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7024068U (de) * Kraemer & Grebe Kg Warenpackung
DE6901362U (de) * 1969-01-14 1969-05-14 Stork Amsterdam Kunststoffbehaelter mit ausgussoeffnung
EP0004834A2 (fr) * 1978-04-10 1979-10-17 AB Akerlund & Rausing Eléments de fermeture pour récipients
CH634520A5 (en) * 1979-02-06 1983-02-15 Verbandsmolkerei Region Bern A Tear-open container
DE3613155A1 (de) * 1986-04-18 1987-11-05 Schmalbach Lubeca Leicht zu oeffnende verpackung aus kunststoff

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015193402A1 (fr) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-23 Torus Pak Research And Development S.À R.L Plateau d'aliments et procédé pour produire un tel plateau d'aliments
CN106470918A (zh) * 2014-06-17 2017-03-01 图鲁斯帕克研究与发展有限责任公司 食品托盘及用于制造该食品托盘的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02233358A (ja) 1990-09-14
EP0379934B1 (fr) 1993-10-27
DE3901503C2 (fr) 1992-06-11
DE59003174D1 (de) 1993-12-02
ATE96393T1 (de) 1993-11-15
ES2050281T3 (es) 1994-05-16
DK0379934T3 (da) 1994-02-07
DE3901503A1 (de) 1990-08-02
US5002223A (en) 1991-03-26

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