EP0401482A2 - Alliage fritté résistant à l'usure, notamment pour des sièges de soupapes dans les moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Alliage fritté résistant à l'usure, notamment pour des sièges de soupapes dans les moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0401482A2
EP0401482A2 EP90105398A EP90105398A EP0401482A2 EP 0401482 A2 EP0401482 A2 EP 0401482A2 EP 90105398 A EP90105398 A EP 90105398A EP 90105398 A EP90105398 A EP 90105398A EP 0401482 A2 EP0401482 A2 EP 0401482A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
sintered alloy
sintered
percent
iron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90105398A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0401482A3 (fr
EP0401482B1 (fr
Inventor
Kirit Dipl.-Ing. Dalal
Hans-Jochem Dr. Neuhäuser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DALAL, KIRIT
Original Assignee
DALAL Kirit
Goetze GmbH
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Publication date
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Application filed by DALAL Kirit, Goetze GmbH filed Critical DALAL Kirit
Publication of EP0401482A2 publication Critical patent/EP0401482A2/fr
Publication of EP0401482A3 publication Critical patent/EP0401482A3/fr
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Publication of EP0401482B1 publication Critical patent/EP0401482B1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of pre-alloyed powders or a master alloy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/22—Valve-seats not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group; Fixing of valve-seats

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wear-resistant sintered alloy based on iron as a matrix with embedded hard phases, its manufacture and its use, in particular for valve seat rings for the lead-free and lead-containing fuel operation of internal combustion engines.
  • Valve seat rings of internal combustion engines are exposed to high mechanical loads, especially at the exhaust valve, under the simultaneous action of the very hot combustion gases and must accordingly consist of wear-resistant and heat-resistant materials.
  • Sintered materials best meet these conditions, so that today valve seat rings mostly consist of special sintered metal alloys with possibly additions to hard phases.
  • Organic lead compounds as additives to lead-containing fuels form lead combustion products during combustion in the engine, which are deposited in particular on the valve seat rings with the formation of coatings with a wear-protecting and corrosion-protecting effect.
  • sintered valve seat rings for lead-free operation are known, the matrix of which consists of a high-alloy steel alloy in which 8 to 14 volume percent hard phases are finely distributed, which are composed of a mixture of a chromium-tungsten-cobalt alloy. Iron carbides are made with ferromolybdenum.
  • the free pores of the sintered material can additionally be filled with copper or copper alloys by impregnation or infiltration.
  • valve seat ring materials which were specially developed for lead-free fuels, are not wear and corrosion resistant enough when operating with fuels containing lead. Deposits of lead combustion products lead to lead oxide corrosion phenomena with these sintered materials, and the vestile seat rings quickly become permeable during operation and show increased wear.
  • the sintered materials developed for lead-free operation are not yet ideally suited for mixed operation when used in lead-containing and lead-free fuels, as is common in practice.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a cost-effective and therefore economical sintered material for valve seat rings for internal combustion engines in particular, which can be used in mixed operation with lead-free and lead-containing fuel with, above all, improved wear resistance, heat resistance, warm hardness and corrosion resistance.
  • the production of the sintered material should be simple and inexpensive, above all due to its shape-specific processability.
  • this object is achieved by a sintered material, the matrix metal of which consists of a martensitic iron with 0.6 to 1.5 percent by weight of carbon and 0.2 to 2 percent by weight of manganese, as well as production-related impurities, and the finely divided hard phases of 5 to 20 percent by weight Intermetallic phases with iron, molybdenum, chromium and silicon exist.
  • the preferred intermetallic phase consists of an iron alloy with 20 to 40 weight percent molybdenum, 5 to 20% by weight of chromium, 0.5 to 4% by weight of silicon and iron as the remainder. To improve the heat resistance, the intermetallic phase can also contain 20 to 30% by weight of cobalt.
  • the embedded hard phase can also consist of a mixture of binary or ternary intermetallic phases from the metals iron-chromium-molybdenum-silicon, and a mixture of the intermetallic phases of ferro-molybdenum, molybdenum-silicon and is preferred as a mixture Chromium silicon is used, which is added to the matrix metal to 5 to 20 percent by weight.
  • the intermetallic phases are mixed together with the iron powder and pressed in the mold at a pressure between 600 and 800 MN / m2 to form valve seat rings, which are then sintered for 30 to 60 minutes at 1,100 to 1,300 ° C under protective gas or in a vacuum will.
  • the rings can be densified at 800 to 900 MN / m2, and a tempering treatment can be followed by one-hour austenitizing annealing at around 900 ° C, quenching in oil and tempering for one hour at around 250 ° C to form a martensitic structure that is as uniform as possible .
  • valve seat rings obtained were shown in Engine tests in mixed operation in lead-containing and lead-free fuels have been tested, and after running times of over 500 hours, no significant signs of wear were found on the exhaust valve either.
  • the valve seat rings according to the invention show a uniformly improved corrosion behavior and thus improved wear behavior with good heat resistance at the same time.
  • the micrograph shows a predominantly martensitic basic structure of the matrix, in which the specified hard intermetallic phases are stored undissolved and finely distributed.
  • the powder mixture as the starting material for sintering the valve seat rings has good flow properties and compressibility properties with low ejection resistance on the pressing tool. This increases the lifespan of the press tools and valve seat rings can be pressed to size. This enables economical mass production without significant mechanical reworking of the valve seat rings.
  • the iron powder used as the matrix metal is water-atomized iron powder, the content of dissolved 0.6 to 1.5 percent by weight of carbon ensures the formation of the martensitic structure. Less than 0.6 percent by weight of carbon in the basic structure would result in a ferritic structure, and contents of over 1.5 percent by weight would undesirably embrittle the matrix metal with the formation of cementite.
  • 1 to 5 percent by weight of nickel and / or 1 to 3 percent by weight of copper can be added to the sintered alloy. Smaller amounts than 1 percent by weight are not effective enough, and larger amounts than 3 to 5 percent by weight would impair the dimensional accuracy and mechanical workability of the sintered workpieces.
  • molybdenum disulfide and / or manganese sulfide can be added to the sintered powder mixture in amounts of 1 to 3 percent by weight.
  • the sulfides act as solid lubricants, with the manganese sulfide in particular facilitating the machining of the valve seat rings that may be required.
  • the finished sintered workpiece can be impregnated or infiltrated with copper or copper alloys to improve the thermal conductivity. Corresponds to the free pores in the sintered material then the copper or copper alloy content between 10 and 20 percent by weight.
  • the invention thus creates a sintered material which is suitable for the production of valve seat rings for use with both lead-containing and lead-free fuels.
  • the corrosion resistance of the sintered material is equally good in both fuels, and at the same time the high wear resistance and heat resistance ensure a long service life of the sintered material when used as a valve seat ring.
  • the matrix metal used is only weakly alloyed and therefore inexpensive, and the intermetallic phases used are inexpensive commercially available.
  • the processability of the sintered powder mixture composed according to the invention is good and therefore economical.
  • the sintered powder mixture has good flow and compressibility properties, so that the powder mixture can also be used for the fully automated mass production of valve seat rings with low ejection resistance and therefore low tool wear.
  • the dimensional accuracy is so good that valve seat rings in particular can be pressed and sintered directly within the required dimensional tolerances. Expensive post-processing is eliminated or reduced to a minimum.
  • the sintered material according to the invention is preferred As a valve seat ring for exhaust valves, in particular, in internal combustion engines operating in mixed operation, it is also possible to use the sintered material according to the invention for the production of similarly loaded machine parts, especially in internal combustion engines operating in mixed operation. In particular because of the good processability properties, the low price and the excellent technological properties, machine parts outside of the application for internal combustion engines can also advantageously be produced with the sintered material according to the invention.
  • the connected sintering takes place over 35 minutes at 1,190 ° C in a protective gas atmosphere made of 80% nitrogen and 20% hydrogen.
  • the sintered density of the sintered material is 6.9 g / cm3, and the subsequent pressing is carried out to a density of 7.25 g / cm3 at a pressure of 850 MN / m2.
  • the sintered bodies are austenitized for one hour at 900 ° C, quenched in oil and left in air for one hour at 250 ° C.
  • the micrograph shows the structure of the sintered alloy according to the invention in a magnification of 1,500 times.
  • the matrix metal 1 is martensitic and, in addition to the unfilled pores 2, contains the intermetallic hard phases 3 that are embedded.
  • the hot hardness of the sintered material is at room temperature 330 HB and at 600 ° C 200 HB
  • valve seat rings were over in the engine test Tested 500 hours corresponding to a mileage of 80,000 km in both unleaded and unleaded fuel.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
EP90105398A 1989-06-09 1990-03-22 Alliage fritté résistant à l'usure, notamment pour des sièges de soupapes dans les moteurs à combustion interne Revoked EP0401482B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3918875 1989-06-09
DE3918875 1989-06-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0401482A2 true EP0401482A2 (fr) 1990-12-12
EP0401482A3 EP0401482A3 (fr) 1991-05-02
EP0401482B1 EP0401482B1 (fr) 1994-06-15

Family

ID=6382431

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90105398A Revoked EP0401482B1 (fr) 1989-06-09 1990-03-22 Alliage fritté résistant à l'usure, notamment pour des sièges de soupapes dans les moteurs à combustion interne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0401482B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59006107D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2055200T3 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2698808A1 (fr) * 1992-12-07 1994-06-10 Renault Matériau pour pièces de friction opérant en milieu lubrifié, et son procédé d'obtention.
EP0771938A1 (fr) * 1995-10-31 1997-05-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Culasse pour un moteur à combustion interne
EP1026272A1 (fr) * 1999-02-04 2000-08-09 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Siège de soupage à haute résistance en alliage fritté à base de fer et son procédé de fabrication
WO2002072904A1 (fr) * 2001-03-08 2002-09-19 Federal-Mogul Sintered Products Ltd Materiau ferreux fritte
CN103357863A (zh) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-23 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 一种高耐磨粉末冶金气门座及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4123265A (en) * 1974-02-21 1978-10-31 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Method of producing ferrous sintered alloy of improved wear resistance
JPS56249A (en) * 1979-06-13 1981-01-06 Mazda Motor Corp Hard-grain-dispersed sintered alloy for valve seat
JPS5925959A (ja) * 1982-07-28 1984-02-10 Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd 焼結合金製バルブシ−ト

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2698808A1 (fr) * 1992-12-07 1994-06-10 Renault Matériau pour pièces de friction opérant en milieu lubrifié, et son procédé d'obtention.
WO1994013846A1 (fr) * 1992-12-07 1994-06-23 Sintermetal, S.A. Materiau pour pieces de friction destine a un fonctionnement dans un milieu lubrifie, et procede de production
EP0771938A1 (fr) * 1995-10-31 1997-05-07 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Culasse pour un moteur à combustion interne
EP1026272A1 (fr) * 1999-02-04 2000-08-09 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Siège de soupage à haute résistance en alliage fritté à base de fer et son procédé de fabrication
US6641779B2 (en) 1999-02-04 2003-11-04 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Fe-based sintered valve seat having high strength and method for producing the same
WO2002072904A1 (fr) * 2001-03-08 2002-09-19 Federal-Mogul Sintered Products Ltd Materiau ferreux fritte
CN103357863A (zh) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-23 马鞍山市恒毅机械制造有限公司 一种高耐磨粉末冶金气门座及其制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2055200T3 (es) 1994-08-16
DE59006107D1 (de) 1994-07-21
EP0401482A3 (fr) 1991-05-02
EP0401482B1 (fr) 1994-06-15

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