Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
  • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
  • B61F5/38—Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self- adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves, e.g. sliding axles, swinging axles
  • B61F5/44—Adjustment controlled by movements of vehicle body

Definitions

• the invention relates to a bogie for a railway vehicle which comprises an adjustable chassis with longitudinal members and two axles with hooped toasts swiveling in axle boxes each connected to the chassis by a primary suspension comprising a connecting rod having one end linked to the axle box. and the other end linked to a frame spar by means of an elastic ball joint.
• bogies are for example the X32 bogies of French CORAIL cars.
• the invention relates more specifically to means for mounting at least one of the axle boxes to give it a degree of freedom of movement which is substantially horizontal relative to the chassis.
• the equilibrium position cannot be reached, even if the geometry of the wheels obtained in the curve by a "forced" movement corresponds to a bogie which can be clearly written in the curve considered, quite simply because the bogie proposed is not morphologically designed for a automatic search for correct axle positioning relative to the track. So, for example, it is not enough to make the axes of two axles of a bogie converge, in the right direction, to make them form an angle equal to the angle at the center under which is seen, from the center of the curve considered, a segment equal to the wheelbase of the bogie so that this bogie has good behavior in the curve considered. Failing to have taken certain constructive precautions, the detail of which constitutes a characteristic of the present invention and which will be explained below, a bogie, according to the example cited above, presents a risk of becoming cross in the curved lane and advance in crab.
• the present invention aims to improve the bend behavior of bogies capable of high speeds and whose yaw stability has been obtained by suitable stiffening of the mechanical connections of primary suspension in the horizontal plane (stiffnesses traditionally designated by the gradients x and Ky ). This is the case in particular of the Y32 bogies fitted in France with CORAIL cars, TGV bogies, bogies of French turbotrains, etc.
• this relaxation position corresponds to focal points of interest arranged in the sonnets of a horizontal rectangle and it is therefore towards this geometrical figure that the centers of the axle boxes come to be arranged when the bogie is traveling on a straight and perfect track, that is to say without inherent geometry defects.
• the damped biconic movement is re-initiated at each disturbance, the damping being done less and less as the speed of the vehicle approaches the speed of instability due to the harmful effect which the inertial forces attached to the mobiles in play play in the movement.
• the present invention is based on the principle, supported by calculations but not • reproduced here, that for given horizontal primary stiffnesses, traditionally noted by coefficients Kx (longitudinally) and Ky (transversely), the movement is substantially of the same type as that described above around the equilibrium position, this is that is, the axles automatically seek their equilibrium position; still it must be compatible with the play presented by each axle inside the rails.
• a characteristic of the invention consists in deforming in a curve the abovementioned rectangular arrangement of the focal points of attraction by displacement or cartilage of at least one of the focal points of attraction with respect to the rectangle, whereas according to the retort technique of the documents DE -A-7424 531 or EP-A-165 752, the axles were clamped without moving the focal points of attraction which remained arranged at the tops of a rectangle (which explains the constraints existing in this type of links).
• an approximate value of the amplitude of the turning corresponds to the convergence towards the center of the curve of the two non-parallel sides of the trapezoid obtained from the above-mentioned rectangle thanks precisely to the turning.
• the invention is characterized in that the means of mounting - axle boxes ensuring longitudinal selective freedom are interposed, for each box concerned, between the connecting rod and either the axle box or the chassis beam. In other words, the assembly is done in series with the primary suspension 5 and no longer in parallel.
• said mounting means comprise a carriage disposed sliding longitudinally on the spar and on which is carried the elastic ball of the connecting rod, control means being provided for controlling the sliding movements of the carriage relative to the spar .
• only one of the elastic ball joints has its transverse axis carried by a sliding carriage, the other three elastic ball joints having their transverse axis rigidly connected with respect to the corresponding spar.
• the means for controlling the sliding movements of the carriage relative to the spar consist of a linkage taken between the vehicle body and said carriage, the pivoting of the body relative to the bogie controlling the movements of the carriage. proportional to the angle of rotation about the vertical axis between the body and the bogie frame.
• the first of these actions does not prevent the biconic_ damped movement of the axles from taking place and, in particular, the automatic search by the axles for their position of equilibrium in a straight line than in a curve.
• the highly shock absorbing action prevents movements of instability that appear at high speeds to occur.
• the second of the actions referred to above which is an elastic return action, is intended to balance the traction or braking forces. Such an arrangement applies particularly well in a second embodiment of the invention where the mounting means in relative freedom are provided between the connecting rod and the axle box.
• this elastic return of the axle box to its average position is obtained by a gravity effect, but it is understood that this elastic return can also be obtained by a spring sufficiently dimensioned to be able to oppose the forces developed at the rim.
• both the desired longitudinal movement and the return by gravity are obtained by fitting the axle box of the plain bearings with an axis offset relative to to the axle of the axle.
• the damper is fixed, preferably substantially vertically, between fastening pins linked respectively to the axle box and to the connecting rod.
• the end of the connecting rod comprises, on the axle side, a bore in which the axle box rolls while being held there by one or more centering studs disposed on the upper generator of the aforementioned bore.
• Figure 1 is a plan view taken from below of a bogie frame. to which the invention applies.
• FIG. 2 shows in a plan view taken from below the bogie chassis, the principle of orientation set out above, applied to a single axle box of a bogie, the m ⁇ uve- ment of the carriage being a rectilinear and longitudinal translation movement, the amplitude being moreover substantially proportional to the curvature of the track.
• FIG. 3 shows by way of illustration of the variant of the invention, the detail in side view of the means for mounting the axle box in accordance with the invention.
• FIG. 4 shows by means of a section through a longitudinal vertical plane another way of making the connections between bogie chassis and axle box according to the variant of the invention.
• a bogie frame consisting of two beams 2 connected by crosspieces 4.
• the support of the secondary suspension is on circular widenings 6 of the chassis beams.
• the body drive is carried out in a conventional manner by a pendulum 8 tourillo ⁇ nant on a body pivot and connected at its ends to the crosspieces 4 by means of bars 10.
• the primary connections between the axles 12 and the bogie chassis are also provided in a conventional manner by four elastic ball joints 14 whose transverse axes 16 are rigidly held relative to the side members 2. These ball joints elastically hold the axle bearings by means of four axle box connecting rods 18 integral with the axle boxes 20 so that, in the absence of horizontal forces exerted on the axle boxes, the centers thereof are arranged according to the subjects of a rectangle.
• FIG. 2 which represents a device according to the invention and which derives from the traditional arrangement represented in FIG. 1, one of the four ball joints, that placed at the top left of the figure, arranged inside a .ro trolley drawer 36, can slide longitudinally in slides integral with the upper branch of the side member 2, placed on the left in the figure.
• the movement of very small amplitude (of the order of a centimeter) from a medium position, is obtained by the relative rotational movement between body and bogie by means of a lever 22 secured to the body and substantially at the same height dimension as the drive beam or the axles.
• It is rigidly fixed, for example, on the body pivot and actuates a longitudinal connector 24, then a transverse lever 26 which twists around an axis 28 fixed relative to the spar 2 and finally a longitudinal connector 30 which drives the drawer in which is mounted the ball 14.
• the joints 32 of the various connectors and pendulums mentioned only have the minimum clearance and can possibly receive flexible linings, but in the latter case, the flexibility of these linings must not " significantly modify the flexibility sought on the axle box. in question which is that given by the ball joint 14.
• the primary connection of at least one of the axle boxes 20 comprises, interposed between the connecting rod 18 and the box 20 considered, mounting means detailed in FIG. 3, allowing a horizontal relative movement between the connecting rod - and hence, the chassis - and the axle box 20.
• the gearbox rod 18 comprises, on the axle side, a seat 45 at its upper part, making it possible to receive and center the primary suspension spring 41 assigned to the axle box in question 20 and supporting, in a conventional manner and not shown, a side member end 2 of the bogie chassis.
• the box link 18 holds the axle box 20 by means of two vertical flanges 42 which also constitute plain bearings whose bore axis represented by point 0 is eccentric relative to the axis of l axle 12 represented by point C in FIG. 3. the eccentricity is typically about 3 to 5 cm.
• the center C of the axle 12 In the absence of propulsion or braking force, the center C of the axle 12 is located vertically, and above, the center 0 of the eccentric bearing of the axle box.
• the CO segment takes an inclination relative to the vertical, giving the necessary longitudinal travel (of the order of a centimeter, for example).
• the axle 12 is then returned to its original position under the effect of gravity, by a return force depending on the vertical weight exerted on the axle box 20 in question, the eccentricity CO and the displacement of the box d axle 20 relative to its original position or average position.
• the box body 20 comprises, on an appropriate projection, a lower clip 43 of the shock absorber 34 " , the upper clip 44 being fixed to the rod 18 of the box.
• These two clips 43 and 44 are constituted " by trunnions.
• Figure 3 shows a damper whose axis is close to the vertical. Such an arrangement, without being obligatory, makes it possible to guard against the risks of leakage of the shock absorber, the latter then being drowned in the conventional manner in an oil tank which acts as a refueling manifold for the shock absorber.
• the longitudinal mobility of the axle box 20 in relation "to the link box 18 is obtained by rolling without sliding of the axle box 20 in a transverse bore formed in the crank axle box side.
• the axis of this bore corresponds to the trace C in the cutting plane of Figure 4.
• the rolling without sliding of the axle box in the aforementioned bore is obtained by means of one or more centering studs 46 taken between the box rod and the body of the box axle and placed along the contact generator of these two parts.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
• Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
• Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (2)

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• 1989
  • 1989-06-16 CA CA000603018A patent/CA1330279C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1989-06-19 DE DE68912588T patent/DE68912588T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1989-06-19 EP EP89907768A patent/EP0420922B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1989-06-19 WO PCT/FR1989/000310 patent/WO1989012566A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1989-06-19 US US07/613,860 patent/US5235918A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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