EP0428304B1 - Verankerung für Spannglied und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung - Google Patents

Verankerung für Spannglied und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0428304B1
EP0428304B1 EP19900312047 EP90312047A EP0428304B1 EP 0428304 B1 EP0428304 B1 EP 0428304B1 EP 19900312047 EP19900312047 EP 19900312047 EP 90312047 A EP90312047 A EP 90312047A EP 0428304 B1 EP0428304 B1 EP 0428304B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bore
filling material
anchorage
stressed
wedge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19900312047
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0428304A1 (de
Inventor
Javier Garcia Mansilla Ripoll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CENTRO DE TRABAJOS TECNICOS, S.A.
Original Assignee
CENTRO DE TRABAJOS TECNICOS SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0428304A1 publication Critical patent/EP0428304A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0428304B1 publication Critical patent/EP0428304B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions
    • E04C5/12—Anchoring devices
    • E04C5/122—Anchoring devices the tensile members are anchored by wedge-action

Definitions

  • This invention relates to anchorages for stressed reinforcing tendons for structures, for example, concrete or metal structures having internal or external stressed tendons and other engineering structures having stays constituted by stressed reinforcing tendons.
  • the invention also relates to a reinforced structure including a reinforcing tendon and at least one anchorage therefore.
  • a reinforcing tendon in a reinforced structure comprises one or more tensioned elements usually of steel and nowadays usually in the form of strand, i.e. a multifilament steel wire.
  • the element or elements are anchored after stressing at each end in an anchorage.
  • At at least one end there is a "live" anchorage at which a jack has been applied to tension the element or elements and at which the tensioned elements are anchored by means of an anchoring device, for example a split conical wedge lodged in a conical seat in an anchoring body, e.g. a plate.
  • the anchoring plate bears on the reinforced structure directly or indirectly. Adjacent the anchoring plate, the element or elements may be located within a rigid tube or trumpet, and throughout their length in the reinforced structure, or when extending through the air in the case of an external tendon, they are usually encased in a sheath.
  • GB-A-2,148,351 describes further processes of filling, including passing the epoxy upwardly through a tube passing through the anchoring plate into the trumpet, where the epoxy fills the space around the stressed elements. It is mentioned that the liquid epoxy may run back through the bores housing the elements and the conical wedges. To prevent escape of epoxy in this manner a rubber sheet is fixed to the outside of the anchoring plate.
  • US-A-4,619,088 describes injection of epoxy through the bores housing the conical wedges which grip the stressed elements, in order that the grouting material, e.g. epoxy, shall enter a tube closely surrounding the stressed element, in order to anchor the element to the tube.
  • This tube acts as a secondary member for transferring stress from the stressed element to the anchoring plate.
  • This tube may extend through the plate as far as the outer end of the anchoring plate, in which case the anchoring wedge is located in the tube.
  • the tube has its end close to the narrow end of the conical wedge in the bore in the anchoring plate.
  • DE-A-3437107 shows an anchorage having split conical wedge in bores in the anchoring plate, which bores have non-tapering portions extending away from the wedges. From the anchoring plate there extends a sleeve which is wholly filled with the filling material which also occupies the bores in the plate.
  • the present invention seeks to provide improved load transfer from the stressed element to the anchoring body, in the case where the stressed element is anchored in the anchoring body by means of a split conical wedge, and using a hardenable fluid material such as epoxy resin.
  • an anchorage for a stressed reinforcing tendon as set out in claim 1.
  • the filling material at most projects only slightly from the bore, at least at the inner end of the bore.
  • the stressed element in the bore is directly bonded to the anchoring body by the filling material in the bore, which provides good load transfer between the stressed element and the anchoring body.
  • the filling material bridges the gap between the strand and the wall of the bore.
  • the gaps in the split conical wedge in the bore are entirely filled with the filling material.
  • the wedge is toothed at its surface which grips the stressed element, and the filling material fills the gaps between the teeth and the stressed element, thereby improving the engagement between the stressed element and the wedge.
  • the bore has a length of at least 8 centimetres, more preferably at least 10 centimetres. Preferably at least 50% of the length of the bore is not occupied by the conical wedge.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the case where the element is a strand.
  • the invention also provides a method of making an anchorage as described above, as set out in claim 7.
  • the hardenable filling material is injected into the bore from outside the bore at the outside face of the anchoring body and has a viscosity such that it does not flow freely and substantially entirely fills the bore when injected substantially without flowing out of the other end of the bore, or at least not to more than a small extent.
  • a thixotropic hardenable material is used.
  • the hardenable material at the time of injection preferably has a "non-sag" thickness (determined according to ASTM D2730) in the range 10 mm to 40 mm at 15°C.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to an anchoring body having a plurality of bores each housing a stressed element and a conical wedge therefore.
  • the hardenable material is injected into each bore individually.
  • Fig. 1 shows part of an anchoring plate 1 having a plurality of bores 2, of which only one is shown in the drawing, each bore housing a stressed steel strand 3 which is anchored in a frusto-conical portion 4 of the bore by a split conical wedge 5 of conventional type.
  • the wedge 5 is in three parts, being split along axial planes. It has teeth (not shown) at its inner surfaces which engage the strand 3.
  • Anchoring plates of this general kind, and the split conical wedges are well-known in this art.
  • the application of the present anchorage in a stressed reinforcing tendon in a concrete structure will be apparent to one skilled in the art without further description.
  • the bore 2 of the plate has a length of about 10 cm, of which about 4 cm are occupied by the wedge 5.
  • the stressed portion of the strand 3 extends there is a widening at a shoulder 7 at the region not occupied by the wedge 5.
  • the vacant spaces of the bore 2 are entirely filled with a hardened filling material 8, such as an epoxy resin.
  • a hardened filling material 8 such as an epoxy resin.
  • This is injected in liquid state prior to hardening by applying a covering head 9 to the outside face 10 of the anchoring body 1 with a seal 11 to the face 10 around the opening of the bore 2 and an O-ring 12 sealing to the projecting end of the strand 3.
  • a hollow space 13 at the mouth of the bore 2 into which hardenable filling material is injected via a passage 14 in the cover 9.
  • Two suitable hardenable materials are mentioned below.
  • the hardenable material is injected via the passage 14 and has a viscosity such that it flows under the injection pressure but does not flow freely. It therefore fills the space 13 and the whole of the bore 2, including the spaces between the split portions of the wedge 5 and between the teeth of the wedge 5 and the gripped surface of the strand 3, and also fills all the space around the strand 3 at the the portion of the bore not occupied by the wedge 5, finally to emerge at the inner end of the bore to form a small head 15 around the strand.
  • this head 15 is as small as possible.
  • it projects not more than 2 cm from the end of the core 5.
  • the filling material After removal of the cover 9 and the seals 11,12, the filling material is allowed to self-harden (cure) or is hardened for example by heat. There is thus produced the anchored strand 3 shown in Fig. 2 embedded in a rigid body of hardened filling material 8 which completely fills the bore 2 and provides load transfer between the strand 3 and the anchoring body 1, thus relieving the wedge 5 of a part of the load.
  • the material 8 also fills the gaps between the teeth of the wedge 5 and the gripped surface of the strand 3, improving the engagement between the strand and the wedge. As can be seen, only small portions of the material 8 project from the ends of the bore 2.
  • step 7 The presence of the step 7 is to allow the strand 3 to have a deflection where it emerges from the wedge 5 as is often necessary where a plurality of strands are anchored in a single plate.
  • the effect of the rigid body of filling material 8 is to dampen the force applied by the strand 3 to the wedge 5, so that the wedge absorbs the dead load while the live load (dynamic load) applied to the strand is mainly or entirely transferred directly to the anchoring plate by the filling material 8, so that little or no live load is applied to the wedge.
  • the hardened material 8 in this way improves the fatigue performance of the anchorage. A stay having an anchorage of the present type has been subjected satisfactorily to tests of 2 million loading cycles. The tension of the strand 3 is taken wholly by the plate 1.
  • Suitable hardenable materials for injection in the process of the invention are Concresive (Regd. Trade Name) 1411 and 1428 supplied by Ceilcote GmbH (Biebesheim, Germany). These have non-sag thicknesses at 15°C of 25 mm (1411) and 20 mm (1428).
  • Fig. 3 shows the completed anchorage in section.
  • the anchoring plate 1 bears upon a support ring 16 embedded in a concrete structure 17 which has a passage 18 bounded by a tube 19.
  • the plate 1 is shown with three of the bores 2 each receiving a tensioned strand 3. In practice there are usually a larger number of such bores 2 and strands 3.
  • the strands 3 extend through the passage 18 within a sheath 20, and converge towards each other.
  • the strands 3 are anchored in the anchoring plate by the combination of the split conical wedges 5 and the hardened filler material 8.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Verankerung für ein verstärkendes Spannglied mit einem Verankerungskörper (1) und zumindest einem Spannelement (3) des genannten Spannglieds, das sich in genanntem Verankerungskörper durch eine Bohrung (2) erstreckt und durch einen gespaltenen konischen Keil (5) in einem kegelstumpfartigen ersten Abschnitt der genannten Bohrung verankert ist, wobei genannte Bohrung einen zweiten Abschnitt aufweist, der sich vom schmalen Ende des genannten konischen Abschnitts weg erstreckt und im wesentlichen vollständig durch gehärtetes Füllmaterial (8) ausgefüllt ist, das eine direkte Verbindung zwischen dem Spannelement (3) in der Bohrung und der Bohrungswand schafft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausdehnung des genannten Füllmaterials (8) im wesentlichen auf die Bohrung beschränkt ist, wodurch der Keil (5) die ruhende Last in genanntem Clement auf den Verankerungskörper überträgt und das Füllmaterial (8) die wandernde Last in genanntem Element auf den Verankerungskörper überträgt.
  2. Verankerung nach Anspruch 1, worin Zwischenräume im gespaltenen konischen Keil (5) in der Bohrung vollständig mit dem Füllmaterial ausgefüllt sind.
  3. Verankerung nach Anspruch 2, worin genannter Keil (5) an seiner Oberfläche gezahnt ist, die das Spannelement greift, und das Füllmaterial die Zwischenräume zwischen den Zähnen und dem Spannelement füllt.
  4. Verankerung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, worin genannte Bohrung (2) eine Länge von zumindest 8 Zentimetern hat.
  5. Verankerung nach einem der Anspruche 1 bis 4, worin gennanter gespaltener konischer Keil (5) weniger als die Hälfte der genannten Bohrung (2) ausfüllt.
  6. Verankerung nach Anspruch 1, worin genanntes Spannelement (3) eine Metalltrosse ist.
  7. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verankerung für ein verstärkendes Spannglied nach Anspruch 1 umfassend die folgenden Schritte:
    (i) Vorsehen eines Verankerungskörpers (1) mit einer sich durch ihn erstreckenden Bohrung (2), wobei die Bohrung einen kegelstumpfartigen ersten Abschnitt und einen zweiten Abschnitt aufweist, der sich vom schmalen Ende des ersten Abschnitts weg erstreckt;
    (ii) Positionieren eines Abschnitts eines länglichen Elements (3) des genannten Spannelements in genannter Bohrung, Spannen des genannten Elements und sein Verankern in der Bohrung mittels eines gespaltenen konischen Keils (5), der mit genanntem kegelstumpfartigen ersten Abschnitt davon in Eingriff steht;
    (iii) Injizieren von erhärtbarem Füllmaterial (8) in genannte Bohrung an einem Ende davon, um die Bohrung vollständig zu füllen, wobei genanntes erhärtbares Füllmaterial eine solche Viskosität hat, daß es nicht frei fließt, wodurch es im wesentlichen nicht aus dem anderen Ende genannter Bohrung herausfließt;
    (iv) Bewirken der Erhärtung des genannten erhärtbaren Füllmaterials (8) in genannter Bohrung, wobei genanntes erhärtbares Füllmaterial so ausgewählt ist, daß es nach dem Erhärten fähig ist, die Last in genanntem länglishen Element direkt auf den qenannten Verankerungskörper zu übertragen.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, worin genanntes erhärtbares Füllmaterial (8) beim Injizieren eine Nicht-Einsack-Dichte (bestimmt gemäß ASTM D2730) im Bereich von 10 bis 40 mm bei 15°C aufweist.
EP19900312047 1989-11-03 1990-11-02 Verankerung für Spannglied und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung Expired - Lifetime EP0428304B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8924896 1989-11-03
GB898924896A GB8924896D0 (en) 1989-11-03 1989-11-03 Anchorage for stressed reinforcing tendon

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0428304A1 EP0428304A1 (de) 1991-05-22
EP0428304B1 true EP0428304B1 (de) 1994-04-06

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900312047 Expired - Lifetime EP0428304B1 (de) 1989-11-03 1990-11-02 Verankerung für Spannglied und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0428304B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69007934T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2055343T3 (de)
GB (1) GB8924896D0 (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK0710313T3 (da) * 1994-04-25 2000-09-25 Empa Forankring for højydelsesfiberkompositmaterialetråde
NO321272B1 (no) * 2000-05-31 2006-04-10 Aker Kvaerner Subsea As Strekklegeme
DE10062227A1 (de) * 2000-12-13 2002-06-20 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Verfahren zum Einbauen und Spannen eines freigespannten Zugglieds, insbesondere eines Schrägseils für eine Schrägseilbrücke sowie Verankerungsvorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
GB2514621B (en) 2013-05-31 2020-04-15 Vsl Int Ag Cable anchorage
CN106320609B (zh) * 2016-08-17 2019-12-24 浙锚科技股份有限公司 一种钢绞线拉索及制作方法
ES2735145B2 (es) * 2018-06-12 2020-06-29 Fcc Construccion Sa Sistema y procedimiento de destesado de tirantes por incorporación de, o sustitución por, material de relleno mejorado
CN114457871B (zh) * 2022-03-08 2023-03-28 扬州大学 一种适用于块基型泵站进出水流道控裂的预应力结构
CN116104016A (zh) * 2023-02-22 2023-05-12 江苏科技大学 确保大跨度桥梁中纤维增强复合材料拉索长期锚固的锚具及其方法
CN119913827A (zh) * 2024-12-31 2025-05-02 中交公路规划设计院有限公司 一种新型缆索锚固体系及其设计方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1234969B (de) * 1959-07-15 1967-02-23 Cable Covers Ltd Ankerhuelse fuer Spannglieder in Betonkoerpern
GB1149484A (en) * 1966-04-20 1969-04-23 Stressed Concrete Design Ltd Improvements in or relating to prestressed structures
DE2911226C2 (de) * 1979-03-22 1985-12-05 Andrä, Wolfhart, Dr.-Ing., 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Verankerung eines Spannstabes mit Gewinde
GB8407596D0 (en) * 1984-03-23 1984-05-02 Manuf Aceros Caucho Sa Reinforcing tendon
DE3437107A1 (de) * 1984-10-10 1986-04-10 Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 8000 München Zugglied, insbesondere schraegseil fuer eine schraegseilbruecke
DE3734954A1 (de) * 1987-03-13 1988-04-07 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Korrosionsgeschuetztes zugglied, vornehmlich spannglied fuer spannbeton ohne verbund und verfahren zu seinem einbau

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Publication number Publication date
EP0428304A1 (de) 1991-05-22
DE69007934T2 (de) 1994-09-08
GB8924896D0 (en) 1989-12-20
ES2055343T3 (es) 1994-08-16
DE69007934D1 (de) 1994-05-11

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