EP0434268A2 - Mikrostreifenleiterantenne - Google Patents

Mikrostreifenleiterantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0434268A2
EP0434268A2 EP90313290A EP90313290A EP0434268A2 EP 0434268 A2 EP0434268 A2 EP 0434268A2 EP 90313290 A EP90313290 A EP 90313290A EP 90313290 A EP90313290 A EP 90313290A EP 0434268 A2 EP0434268 A2 EP 0434268A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
microstrip antenna
feed means
radiation elements
array
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90313290A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0434268B1 (de
EP0434268A3 (en
Inventor
Alan Christopher Smith
Roger Philip Owens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UK Secretary of State for Defence
EMI Group Electronics Ltd
Original Assignee
Thorn EMI Electronics Ltd
UK Secretary of State for Defence
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thorn EMI Electronics Ltd, UK Secretary of State for Defence filed Critical Thorn EMI Electronics Ltd
Publication of EP0434268A2 publication Critical patent/EP0434268A2/de
Publication of EP0434268A3 publication Critical patent/EP0434268A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0434268B1 publication Critical patent/EP0434268B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H01Q9/0435—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave using two feed points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0075—Stripline fed arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array

Definitions

  • This invention relates to microstrip antennae and in particular to microstrip antennae for radiating or receiving circularly polarised radiation.
  • a known microstrip antenna for radiating or receiving circularly polarised radiation comprises an array of square conducting elements each with two opposite corners bevelled. Each element has two feed points appropriate for left-hand circular polarisation (LHCP) and two feed points appropriate for right-hand circular polarisation (RHCP).
  • LHCP left-hand circular polarisation
  • RHCP right-hand circular polarisation
  • Haneishi and Takazawa have proposed, in electronics letters, Vol 21, No 10,9 May 1985, pp 437-8, a 4x4 element RHCP sub-array, formed by four 2x2 element sub-groups on a ground plane; each sub-group is formed of four elements, each arranged such as to be rotated by 90° with respect to its neighbours in the sub-group.
  • each 2x2 sub-group is connected via H-feeds linked in pairs to the input/output terminal of the 4x4 element sub-array.
  • the H-feed connections are off-centre to give the correct phasing for the respective element orientations.
  • This array has the disadvantage that its use is limited to one sense of circular polarisation determined by the feed points used at the elements.
  • microstrip antenna array suitable for use with the orthogonal linear polarisations is described in US Patent No 4,464,663. It comprises a linear array of pairs of square microstrip antenna elements, each connected to two feeds so that one feed renders each element responsive to two feeds so that one feed renders each element responsive to one of two orthogonal linear polarisations and the other feed renders each element responsive to the other of the two orthogonal linear polarisations.
  • the connections between the two input/output ports and the four associated elements render each of these four elements responsive to respective orthogonal linear polarisations.
  • the element pairs are operated back-to-back by a feed and the necessary 180° phase correction is provided by the asymmetrical connection.
  • This antenna array is narrow-band and both orthogonal linear polarisations operate at the same frequency.
  • GB Patent 2,189,080 describes a two-dimensional microstrip antenna array which can be used for both senses of circular polarisation simultaneously and independently, thus allowing simultaneous transmission and reception.
  • the array consists of a number of circularly polarised elements fed by a dual interlaced feed network to provide independent dual right hand and left hand circular polarisation.
  • the antenna is configured from sub-groups consisting of 2x3 elements, each subgroup constituting two 2x2 element sub-arrays with two elements common to both sub-arrays.
  • the sub-arrays are therefore arranged side by side with the feed network providing the polarisation in one sense arranged side by side with the feed network providing polarisation in the opposite sense.
  • the relative orientation or elements in the group and the mutual phasing in the feed networks conforms to the requirements of the broadbanding technique now commonly known in this art as 'sequential rotation'. This term will be assumed to be understood by persons familiar with microstrip antenna techniques and will not therefore, be described further in the context of the present application.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an improved compact and relatively low profile microstrip antenna array with a simplified feed arrangement and for which a number of arrays can be readily combined to provide a composite array of arbitrary shape.
  • a microstrip antenna comprising an array of microstrip antenna radiation elements, first feed means coupled to the elements in a manner for effecting circular polarisation in a first sense of signals afforded to the elements, and further feed means arranged in a non-overlapping relationship with respect to the first feed means and coupled to the elements in a manner for effecting circular polarisation in the opposite sense of signals afforded to the elements.
  • the array comprises a 2x2 rectangular array of radiation elements.
  • the radiation elements are of square shape having two chamfered oppositely disposed corners.
  • the radiation elements are mutually disposed at substantially 90° with respect to each other and the first and further feed means to the radiation elements are each, from signal feed points, progressively increased in length by one-quarter the wavelength of the signals.
  • the first and or further feed means are arranged coplanar with the radiation elements.
  • the first and or further feed means are arranged as a triplate layer disposed to underlie the radiation elements.
  • the triplate layer may be laterally displaced with respect to the radiation elements.
  • the radiation elements may be coupled to the first and or further feed means by way of direct, probe, gap or aperture coupling techniques.
  • the present invention further provides an antenna array comprising a plurality of microstrip antennas having any combination of the features as recited above.
  • the radiation elements are, preferably, mutually spaced by approximately 85% of the wavelength of the signals.
  • a microstrip antenna 2 comprises, in the embodiment shown, four radiation elements 4 arranged as a 2x2 array in the form of a microstrip layer on a substrate 6.
  • the substrate 6 may comprise any suitable dielectric such as RT/duroid material.
  • the elements 4 are coupled to ports 8,10 by means of a feed network which includes a first or outer feed 12 and a further or inner feed 14.
  • the outer feed 12 is arranged so as to provide left hand circular polarisation (LHCP) and the inner feed 14 is arranged so as to provide right hand circular polarisation (RHCP) of signals fed via the ports 8, 10.
  • the ports 8,10 serve, respectively, as LHCP and RHCP ports.
  • the spacing of the elements 4 is, preferably, chosen to be about 85% of the signal wavelength. The advantages of this mutual spacing are that it is large enough to enable the feed networks 8, 10 to be accommodated within the area between the patches, as shown in Figure 3, and it also ensures that the mutual coupling between the patches 4 is relatively weak.
  • the spacing is not sufficiently large to allow grating lobes to appear in the antenna radiation pattern and thereby reduce the directivity of the antenna.
  • the axial ratio of the elements 4 may be optimised at the required centre frequency of radiation by suitable choice of the length of the side of the square elements 4 and the degree of chamfering at the comers of the elements.
  • Each element 4 is capable of simultaneously radiating both LHCP and RHCP radiation from independent orthogonally positioned feed points 16, 18, as shown in Figure 3.
  • a sequentially rotated feed system is also used for the outer and inner feeds 12, 14.
  • each element 4, for the four element array shown in the drawings is rotated by 90° with respect to neighbouring patches and the outer and inner feeds 12,14 are arranged to increase in length between consecutive elements by one-quarter the wavelength of the signal to be radiated.
  • One form of feed network providing sequential rotation is shown in Figure 3, where it can be seen that the increase in feed path length between the ports and consecutive elements occurs in an anti-clockwise direction for the outer (LHCR) feed 12 and a clockwise direction for the inner (RHCP) feed 14.
  • the feeds 12, 14 may be incorporated in a separate triplate layer 20, as shown schematically in Figure 2.
  • the triplate layer 20 comprises a feed layer 20a, in which the feeds 12, 14 are defined, arranged between dielectric layers 20b and 20c.
  • the feeds 12, 14 of the feed layer 20a are coupled to the elements 4 using either direct coupling, such as pins or plated through holes extending through the substrate between the triplate feed layer 20a and the elements 4, or aperture coupling through small areas in a shared ground plane 22 which have been cleared of metallisation used to form the ground plane.
  • the use of a triplate layer 20 for the feeds 12, 14 ensures that the circularly polarised radiation from the elements 4 is not adversely affected by spurious radiation from the feeds 12,14.
  • the layout of the feeds 12, 14 can also be optimised so as to be substantially independent of the layout of the elements 4, such as laterally displacing the layout of the feeds relative to the elements. This flexibility of design can be particularly advantageous when a number of antennas are configured into a larger array.
  • the layered structure of the antenna incorporating a triplate feed layer can be seen from Figure 2.
  • the ports 8,10 may comprise any suitable microwave connector, such as SMA surface mount type connectors, protruding from a ground plane 24 of the array and the elements 4 may be fed by probes coupling, by way of the means as described above, the elements to the triplate layer 20.
  • the present invention provides an antenna of low profile with considerable design flexibility. Furthermore, the antenna can be used as a common building block of simple construction that can be used to construct larger arrays of arbitrary gain and shape which may also be made substantially conformal to curved surfaces.
  • the antenna lends itself readily to mass construction using conventional manufacturing techniques, providing a consistency of performance required for many practical applications for this type of antenna.
  • the antenna need not necessarily comprise a 2x2 array of elements.
  • Two elements, or three elements in a triangular disposition can also be used with appropriate modifications of the feed system to meet the requirements of sequential rotation.
  • other shapes of element may be used such as square shape elements having a diagonally cut rectangular slot or circular patches having diametrically opposed lugs or indentations.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP90313290A 1989-12-19 1990-12-07 Mikrostreifenleiterantenne Expired - Lifetime EP0434268B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898928589A GB8928589D0 (en) 1989-12-19 1989-12-19 Microstrip antenna
GB8928589 1989-12-19

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0434268A2 true EP0434268A2 (de) 1991-06-26
EP0434268A3 EP0434268A3 (en) 1991-08-21
EP0434268B1 EP0434268B1 (de) 1995-02-15

Family

ID=10668137

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90313290A Expired - Lifetime EP0434268B1 (de) 1989-12-19 1990-12-07 Mikrostreifenleiterantenne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0434268B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE118655T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69016972D1 (de)
GB (1) GB8928589D0 (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5287116A (en) * 1991-05-30 1994-02-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Array antenna generating circularly polarized waves with a plurality of microstrip antennas
EP0788186A1 (de) * 1996-01-30 1997-08-06 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Vorrichtung an einer Antennenanordnung
WO1997038465A1 (en) * 1996-04-03 1997-10-16 Johan Granholm Dual polarization antenna array with very low cross polarization and low side lobes
EP1650830A1 (de) * 2004-10-21 2006-04-26 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Zirkularpolarisierte Patch-Antenne mit einem Metall-Patch, and eine diese verwendende Sende-/Empfangs-Gruppenantenne
WO2007016526A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 M/A-Com, Inc. Antenna system
CN104283003A (zh) * 2013-10-24 2015-01-14 林伟 高效的收发天线阵列装置
CN104282997A (zh) * 2013-10-23 2015-01-14 林伟 高效的天线阵列装置
CN110034398A (zh) * 2019-05-06 2019-07-19 广州安的电子科技有限公司 天线结构及防盗门
CN110190387A (zh) * 2019-05-08 2019-08-30 成都天锐星通科技有限公司 一种单馈双圆极化微带天线
WO2022161873A1 (en) * 2021-01-27 2022-08-04 Analog Devices International Unlimited Company Circularly-polarized antennas with wide scanning ranges
US11831088B1 (en) * 2023-07-19 2023-11-28 The Florida International University Board Of Trustees Dual-band antenna systems

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE551753T1 (de) * 2008-02-04 2012-04-15 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Zirkular polarisierte gruppenanntenne
WO2020162905A1 (en) * 2019-02-06 2020-08-13 Sony Corporation Systems and devices for mutual directive beam switch array
KR102694047B1 (ko) 2022-09-15 2024-08-09 한국전자통신연구원 광대역에서 낮은 축비 특성 구현을 위한 급전 회로망 장치 및 이를 이용하는 평면 배열 안테나

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2189080B (en) * 1986-04-02 1989-11-29 Thorn Emi Electronics Ltd Microstrip antenna
FR2636780B1 (fr) * 1988-09-21 1991-02-15 Europ Agence Spatiale Antenne composite a diplexage a polarisation circulaire

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5287116A (en) * 1991-05-30 1994-02-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Array antenna generating circularly polarized waves with a plurality of microstrip antennas
EP0788186A1 (de) * 1996-01-30 1997-08-06 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Vorrichtung an einer Antennenanordnung
US5914688A (en) * 1996-01-30 1999-06-22 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Device in antenna units
WO1997038465A1 (en) * 1996-04-03 1997-10-16 Johan Granholm Dual polarization antenna array with very low cross polarization and low side lobes
US6147648A (en) * 1996-04-03 2000-11-14 Granholm; Johan Dual polarization antenna array with very low cross polarization and low side lobes
EP1650830A1 (de) * 2004-10-21 2006-04-26 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Zirkularpolarisierte Patch-Antenne mit einem Metall-Patch, and eine diese verwendende Sende-/Empfangs-Gruppenantenne
WO2007016526A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 M/A-Com, Inc. Antenna system
US7420512B2 (en) 2005-08-02 2008-09-02 M/A-Com, Inc. Antenna system
CN104282997A (zh) * 2013-10-23 2015-01-14 林伟 高效的天线阵列装置
CN104283003A (zh) * 2013-10-24 2015-01-14 林伟 高效的收发天线阵列装置
CN104283003B (zh) * 2013-10-24 2017-05-24 林伟 高效的收发天线阵列装置
CN110034398A (zh) * 2019-05-06 2019-07-19 广州安的电子科技有限公司 天线结构及防盗门
CN110190387A (zh) * 2019-05-08 2019-08-30 成都天锐星通科技有限公司 一种单馈双圆极化微带天线
WO2022161873A1 (en) * 2021-01-27 2022-08-04 Analog Devices International Unlimited Company Circularly-polarized antennas with wide scanning ranges
US12438276B2 (en) 2021-01-27 2025-10-07 Analog Devices International Unlimited Company Circularly-polarized antennas with wide scanning ranges
US11831088B1 (en) * 2023-07-19 2023-11-28 The Florida International University Board Of Trustees Dual-band antenna systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0434268B1 (de) 1995-02-15
ATE118655T1 (de) 1995-03-15
EP0434268A3 (en) 1991-08-21
DE69016972D1 (de) 1995-03-23
GB8928589D0 (en) 1990-02-21

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