EP0436687A1 - Procede et dispositif pour la separation d'un melange de substances et utilisation de ce dispositif. - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour la separation d'un melange de substances et utilisation de ce dispositif.

Info

Publication number
EP0436687A1
EP0436687A1 EP19900910511 EP90910511A EP0436687A1 EP 0436687 A1 EP0436687 A1 EP 0436687A1 EP 19900910511 EP19900910511 EP 19900910511 EP 90910511 A EP90910511 A EP 90910511A EP 0436687 A1 EP0436687 A1 EP 0436687A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
sorting drum
mixture
sorting
substances
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19900910511
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0436687B1 (fr
Inventor
Heinrich Weber
Falko Lehrmann
Clemens Weibel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
Original Assignee
Buehler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Priority to AT90910511T priority Critical patent/ATE100358T1/de
Publication of EP0436687A1 publication Critical patent/EP0436687A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0436687B1 publication Critical patent/EP0436687B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/08—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to weight
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method, a device and the use of the device for environmentally friendly separation of a mixture of substances, for example. of a material mixture (recyclables), into individual material components of different properties, the material mixture being fed continuously to a rotating sorting drum which yields inwards.
  • a material mixture recyclables
  • the object of the invention was now to achieve a high separation effect for different mixtures of substances with simple, inexpensive equipment or the corresponding process technology. Furthermore, as little energy as possible should be used for the operation and the operability should be possible by little trained personnel.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the mixture of substances is directed towards the sorting drum in the same direction as the surface movement and is divided into fractions in the sense of movement of the sorting drum.
  • the parameter of the surface pressure allows a new, excellent sorting technique for many sorting problems, particularly in the case of bodies which are not in the right shape, when the heavy bodies are used sink essentially radially and not tangentially.
  • the weight per se just like the size, only plays a secondary role for the real surface press sorting technology.
  • the surface pressure, or the corresponding centrifugal intrusion barrier force, generated by Dynam, the rotation of the sorting drum ik on the one hand and the dynamic interplay between the bristles and the bodies to be sorted on the other hand are primarily responsible for the sorting success.
  • the division of the mixture components should take place on the discharge side in the direction of centrifugal drum bristles because only in this way is the plurality of bristles really selectively forced into a release force game with each particle of the mixture.
  • the actual separation takes place between light and heavy bodies that are specific to the surface pressure.
  • the invention allows various particularly preferred embodiments.
  • the sorting drum is very particularly preferably designed as a centrifugal drum brush and the resilience or. Pressability of the sorting drum resp. the resulting surface pressure is determined by appropriate selection of the speed and / or the loading of the sorting drum (with bristles). The largest possible body to be separated can be determined with the length of the bristles.
  • the raw material is preferably fed continuously with a feed unit onto the cylindrical jacket of a sorting drum. It is proposed to feed in the raw material in the upper area of the sorting drum, particularly preferably in the highest area.
  • the sorting quality is increased in that the material to be separated is given up with more tangential components in relation to the sorting drum or with more radial components.
  • the previous tests have shown that the raw material on the feed unit is to be pre-accelerated to about 10 to 30 *, preferably 10 to 25 *, of the peripheral speed of the sorting drum.
  • the sorting drum generates a strong, orientable air flow. This can be used for the separation of a further light fraction such as pieces of paper, threads, cords, etc.
  • the air flow prevents the sorting drum from being wrapped with cords and the like with great certainty, so that very high operational reliability can be achieved.
  • the invention further relates to a device for separating a mixture of substances into individual substance components as described above.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that it has a feed device for the continuous feeding of the substance mixture into an upper sector, preferably according to (viewed in cross section) 11:00 to 14:00, very particularly preferably between 12:00 and 13:00 o'clock in the direction of the surface movement of the sorting device - Has drum.
  • a light part discharge is preferably arranged on the discharge side at approximately the height of the drum axis of rotation and a heavy part discharge is arranged in the quadrant adjoining below.
  • the sorting drum is a centrifugal drum brush; e.g. if a washing brush is used for car washes, the tumbling effect only develops in the operating state. At a standstill, the bristles hang down.
  • the centrifugal force generated during rotation and the choice of the number and quality of the bristles determine the resistance behavior for the penetration of bodies into the interior of the drum.
  • the signpost of everyone rotating brush as well as the air flow which results give the impulse for the direction of the surface pressure specific lighter parts.
  • the substance mixture feed is particularly preferably designed as a belt or acceleration belt, very particularly preferably with an upstream sieve or as a bar chain grate conveyor or as a stationary sieve, in particular as a rod sieve.
  • the conveying speed of the feed device be 0.5 to 2 m / sec. preferably 1.2 to 1.5 m / sec and the peripheral speed of the drum is 5 to 15 m / sec, preferably 7 to 10 m / sec, with a diameter of 1 to 1.5 m.
  • the invention further relates to the use of a centrifugal drum brush for sorting mixed materials, such as container waste, which are preferably pre-sorted via sieves, for example. mixed construction site waste, road demolition, residues of building materials and groupage-like items, the heavy fraction essentially containing mineral components and the light fraction essentially containing organic materials.
  • 1 schematically shows a first exemplary embodiment 2 schematically shows an embodiment for container waste
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment for the additional suction of a light fraction such as films, paper, etc.
  • the mixture of substances 11 is transferred directly to a sorting drum 2 via a feed device 1.
  • the sorting drum 2 is driven by a shaft 3.
  • bristles 4 are attached, which by the rotation of the shaft 3, respectively.
  • the acting centrifugal force are brought to a cylindrical shape 5.
  • glass bottles 6 sink into the interior of the drum, as is shown with the bottle 6 'and 6' '.
  • the bottle 6 '* is transferred below the sorting drum 1 to a discharge belt 7 for heavy goods 15 and is fed to a corresponding collector.
  • Bodies that exert only a slight surface pressure when they hit the sorting drum 2 such as aluminum cans, plastic bottles, are tangentially rejected by the drum surface when they hit the bristles 4, see aluminum cans 8, 8A and 8 ' 'and plastic bottle 9, 9'. These are transferred to a collector for middle goods 16 via a second discharge belt 10.
  • the heavy goods 15 contain all bodies, which exert a large surface pressure on the sorting drum 2, such as glass bottles, full metal bodies or, for example. larger stones would also be excreted in the mixture of substances with the heavy fraction 15.
  • the middle goods 16 contains all light hollow bodies such as aluminum cans and plastic bottles. Iron metal cans can be read out via magnetic separators, either before or after the sorting drum.
  • a feed device 1 designed as a bar chain grate conveyor 12 and fed to a collector for fines 17 via a funnel 13 and a belt conveyor 14.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a sorting device for container waste with components similar to household waste. Pre-classifying the raw material mixture is important for container waste.
  • the raw material mixture is continuously transferred to a screening system or a screening stage 21 via a feed belt 20.
  • An upper or preceding coarse screen 22 removes all parts, e.g. larger than foot size or larger than 250 to 350 mm, e.g. large boulders, larger pieces of wood, etc.
  • the coarse screen 22 is discharged as coarse material 23 directly via a belt 24.
  • Fine material 17 falls through the coarse sieve 22 as well as through a fine sieve 25 arranged underneath and is discharged via the hopper 13 and a belt conveyor 14.
  • the middle fraction of the raw material mixture is transferred to an acceleration belt 26 as a repulsion of the screening stage 21.
  • an adjustable drive motor (not shown) so that the conveying speed of the mixture of substances can be specifically selected in the region of the point of impact on the sorting drum 2.
  • the acceleration belt 26, which can be operated independently of the pretreatment, in any case gives the possibility of a defined feeding of the mixture of substances to the sorting drum 2. It is also possible to attach additional alignment aids to the acceleration belt 26 so that at least the parts which are difficult to sort are hit the sorting drum 2 in the optimal direction and position. Stones and the like as heavy goods 15 with a * large surface pressure sink into the sorting drum 2 and are discharged downward via the discharge belt 7.
  • Medium material 16, which predominantly contains organic components, is discharged via the discharge belt 10.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention propose un nouveau procédé de séparation et un dispositif correspondant ainsi que l'utilisation du dispositif pour la séparation de différents mélanges de substances dans des conditions de respect de l'environnement, utilisant, outre des forces dynamiques, en particulier la pression superficielle entre les corps à trier, un tambour (2) déformable vers l'intérieur. Les corps à forte pression superficielle (6) tombent à l'intérieur du tambour (2) et sont éjectés vers le bas. En revanche, les éléments à faible pression superficielle (8, 9) sont écartés de la surface du tambour (2) et rejetés séparément. Pour la première fois, il est ainsi possible, avec des moyens extrêmement simples, d'obtenir une séparation de très bonne qualité, même avec des corps pour lesquels jusqu'à présent seule une séparation manuelle était économique. La nouvelle invention est particulièrement efficace pour la séparation des mélanges de matières valables, dites recyclables, surtout lorsqu'il s'agit de fractions qui sans cela seraient difficiles à séparer, comme les produits recueillis dans les bennes à ordures.
EP19900910511 1989-07-28 1990-07-26 Procede et dispositif pour la separation d'un melange de substances et utilisation de ce dispositif Expired - Lifetime EP0436687B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90910511T ATE100358T1 (de) 1989-07-28 1990-07-26 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum trennen eines stoffgemisches und verwendung der vorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH282389A CH677327A5 (fr) 1989-07-28 1989-07-28
CH2823/89 1989-07-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0436687A1 true EP0436687A1 (fr) 1991-07-17
EP0436687B1 EP0436687B1 (fr) 1994-01-19

Family

ID=4242403

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900910511 Expired - Lifetime EP0436687B1 (fr) 1989-07-28 1990-07-26 Procede et dispositif pour la separation d'un melange de substances et utilisation de ce dispositif

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0436687B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04500776A (fr)
CA (1) CA2027594A1 (fr)
CH (1) CH677327A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59004338D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2049036T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991001817A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5116486A (en) * 1991-02-01 1992-05-26 Pederson Dennis A Apparatus and method for separating recyclable waste
FR2737982B1 (fr) * 1995-08-23 1998-12-31 Boudet Daniel Dispositif de tri de recipients, notamment de bouteilles, selon leur poids et leur dimension
CN106733671A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2017-05-31 广西壮族自治区农业机械研究院 一种原料蔗除杂处理设备
CN108816755A (zh) * 2018-08-03 2018-11-16 北京宜城环保科技有限公司 一种用于处理垃圾的负压风选系统及负压风选方法
DE102018122808A1 (de) * 2018-09-18 2020-03-19 Voith Patent Gmbh Steuerverfahren einer Reinigungsvorrichtung mit Schwerteil-Abscheider
AU2020409987B2 (en) 2019-12-20 2025-09-18 Ife Aufbereitungstechnik Gmbh Device and method for sifting a material mixture
DE102019008916A1 (de) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-24 Ife Aufbereitungstechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Sichtung eines Materialien-Gemisches

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2010128B (en) * 1977-09-27 1982-04-15 Olesen R Handling and treating of rootcrops
SE430761B (sv) * 1980-04-30 1983-12-12 Kmw Mekan Ab Anordning for torr avskiljning av tyngre foremal i ett kontinuerligt flode av lett material
WO1985003890A1 (fr) * 1984-03-01 1985-09-12 Maschinenfabrik Bezner Gmbh & Co. Kg Installation de triage pour la recuperation de materiaux de valeur a partir d'ordures

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9101817A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2027594A1 (fr) 1991-01-29
JPH04500776A (ja) 1992-02-13
ES2049036T3 (es) 1994-04-01
CH677327A5 (fr) 1991-05-15
EP0436687B1 (fr) 1994-01-19
DE59004338D1 (de) 1994-03-03
WO1991001817A1 (fr) 1991-02-21

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