EP0441673B1 - Jack-up oil platform - Google Patents

Jack-up oil platform Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0441673B1
EP0441673B1 EP91400187A EP91400187A EP0441673B1 EP 0441673 B1 EP0441673 B1 EP 0441673B1 EP 91400187 A EP91400187 A EP 91400187A EP 91400187 A EP91400187 A EP 91400187A EP 0441673 B1 EP0441673 B1 EP 0441673B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
legs
platform
lifting mechanisms
leg
tanks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91400187A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0441673A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre-Armand Thomas
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Technip Geoproduction SA
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Technip Geoproduction SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0441673A1 publication Critical patent/EP0441673A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/04—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction
    • E02B17/08—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering
    • E02B17/0818—Equipment specially adapted for raising, lowering, or immobilising the working platform relative to the supporting construction for raising or lowering with racks actuated by pinions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
    • E02B17/021—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto with relative movement between supporting construction and platform
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/006—Platforms with supporting legs with lattice style supporting legs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
    • E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
    • E02B2017/0082—Spudcans, skirts or extended feet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to self-elevating oil platforms for drilling and exploitation at sea.
  • Platforms of this type generally have legs resting on the seabed and a hull mounted movable and adjustable in height along the legs.
  • the whole platform is brought into flotation to the drilling or exploitation site, and the legs are lowered until contact with the seabed, then, taking support on the legs, the hull is hoisted to the - above sea level, up to an altitude which puts it out of the reach of the highest waves.
  • the hull can therefore be moved along the legs of the platform by means of lifting mechanisms housed in a support structure well known to specialists under the name of "Jack-house".
  • These lifting mechanisms include output pinions which cooperate with racks mounted on at least part of the length of the legs.
  • These pinions are motorized by a plurality of motors associated with reducers whose reduction ratio is very high.
  • each leg is provided at its lower part with a foot, for example of hexagonal shape, which comes to rest on the seabed.
  • the hull of the platform is provided, in addition to the operating equipment and living quarters, with capacities integrated into said hull and which can be filled with sea water at the time of fitting the legs on the seabed. We thus manage to create an overload which is transmitted to the legs via the lifting mechanisms.
  • EP-A-0252518 also discloses a device for overloading a self-elevating oil platform comprising a hull mounted movable on legs by means of a lifting mechanism, said overload device comprising at least one additional load. applicable on each leg of the platform and formed by removable tanks comprising hooking means on the legs of the platform, said empty tanks being supported by the hull before the legs are placed on the seabed and momentarily hung and directly on each leg when laying said legs on the seabed, then filled.
  • the invention aims to create a device for overloading a platform which makes it possible to comply with safety standards and which, while being of simple construction, avoids applying this overload directly on the lifting mechanisms of the platform. -form.
  • a self-elevating oil platform comprising a hull mounted displaceable by means of lifting mechanisms on legs intended to bear on the seabed, said platform being provided with a device for overloading said legs , comprising removable reservoirs comprising hooking means on the legs of the platform for applying at least one additional load to each leg of said platform, said empty reservoirs being supported by the shell before the legs are placed on the seabed and temporarily and directly attached to each leg at the time of laying said legs on the seabed, then filled to apply said additional load, as known from document EP-A-0025618 cited above, characterized in that the hull is provided with means for applying an overload to said legs by means of lifting mechanisms housed in a load-bearing structure integral with the hull, that said lifting mechanisms comprise a plurality of output pinions cooperating with racks mounted on at least part of the length of the legs, and that the hooking means consist of automatic locking and unlocking means cooperating with said racks, the empty tanks being supported by the carrying structure of the lifting mechanisms before the installation of
  • Each of the vertical legs in this case has a triangular section, and it consists of three uprights 2a, connected together by a trellis 2b of metal beams.
  • the vertical legs 2 can also have a square or circular section.
  • Each leg 2 ends at its lower part with a foot 4, which in this case is hexagonal in shape.
  • the platform is also equipped, at each leg 2, with lifting mechanisms 5 for the shell 1 relative to said legs.
  • These lifting mechanisms 5 make it possible to lower the legs 2 until they come into contact with the seabed 3, then, taking support on the legs, to hoist the hull 1 above the sea, to an altitude which puts it out of range of the highest waves.
  • the uprights 2a of the legs 2 are provided with diametrically opposite racks 6 arranged on a part of the length of the legs 2 and with which are intended to cooperate output pinions 7 of the lifting mechanisms 5. It is possible to provide, for example six pinions outlet 7 for each upright 2a, each equipped with a drive motor 8.
  • the lifting mechanisms 5 are housed in a support structure 9 secured to the shell 1.
  • the hull 1 is provided, in addition to the usual operating equipment and living quarters, with capacities 10 (FIG. 1) integrated into the said hull and which can be filled with seawater by appropriate means, not shown, when the legs 2 were laid on the seabed 3. This resulted in an overload which is transmitted to the legs 2 by the lifting mechanisms 5.
  • capacities 10 FIG. 1
  • This overload is to obtain a stable anchoring of the feet 4, in particular on sites where said legs feet tend to sink due to the instability of certain layers of the basement.
  • the platform is provided, in addition to the integrated capacities 10, with additional loads that can be locked momentarily and directly on each leg 2 of the platform when the said legs are laid on the seabed 3.
  • the additional loads are constituted by at least one removable tank 11 and supported by each carrying structure 9 of the lifting mechanisms 5 of each leg 2.
  • each reservoir 11 is divided into several independent enclosures 11a, 11b and 11c and lockable together by suitable means, not shown.
  • each reservoir 11 can be installed directly by the side of the corresponding leg 2 which avoids having to introduce it through the top of said leg.
  • Each enclosure 11a, 11b and 11c is each provided with filling means 12 constituted for example by a supply valve and draining means 13 constituted for example by a discharge valve.
  • the filling means 12 are connected by an extendable pipe 14 to a pump, not shown, for example supplying seawater.
  • the enclosures 11a, 11b and 11c rest on each support structure 9 by means of studs 15 made of elastic material.
  • each enclosure 11a, 11b and 11c is provided with means 16 (Fig. 3) for automatic attachment to the legs 2 of the platform to apply at least one additional load to each leg 2 of said platform.
  • the means 16 are also automatically unlockable, for example when the force exerted on the pads 15 by the support structure 9 and detected by at least one sensor integrated into one of said pads, exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • hooking means 16 are formed for example by counter-racks associated with locking and unlocking members again by ratchet wheels.
  • the reservoirs 11 can be constituted by rigid enclosures or by enclosures made of flexible material placed for example in cradle-shaped frames.
  • the reservoirs 11 can be monobloc and in this case comprise a part forming a door allowing mounting directly from the side of the legs.
  • the platform is brought into floatation as far as the drilling or exploitation site (Fig. 4a) and the legs 2 are lowered until contact with the seabed 3.
  • the hull 1 By resting on the legs 2, the hull 1 is hoisted by means of the lifting mechanisms 5 cooperating with the racks 6, up to an altitude which puts it out of reach of the highest waves at the time of installation ( Fig. 4b).
  • the hull 1 is lowered to the previous level which puts it out of reach of the highest waves at the time of installation, the tanks 11 being locked on the legs 2 at a higher altitude (Fig. 4d).
  • the capacities 10 integrated into the hull 1 are filled with sea water by appropriate means.
  • the tanks 11 are also filled with sea water by means of the filling means 12 and the pipes 14.
  • the filling of these tanks 11 results in the application of an overload additional on each leg 2 thus allowing the foot 4 to anchor more deeply and more stably in the seabed 3.
  • the tanks 11 are emptied by the emptying means 13, as well as the integrated capacities 10, and the shell 1 is again raised by means of the lifting mechanisms 5 so that the tanks 11 rest again on the supporting structure 9, after unlocking said reservoirs 11 relative to the legs 2 (Fig. 4e).
  • the hull 1 is then raised to its position which puts it out of the reach of the highest waves that can occur during operation on the site. (Fig. 4f).
  • the overload device while being simple in construction and easy to implement, therefore makes it possible to apply the desired overload to the legs of the platform in order to be able to comply with safety standards and to avoid to pass this overload through the lifting mechanisms of the platform.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Chairs Characterized By Structure (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)

Abstract

Device for preloading a jack-up oil platform comprising a hull (1) mounted in a displaceable manner on legs (2) by means of lifting mechanisms housed in a carrying structure (9) and comprising a plurality of output pinions cooperating with racks mounted over at least a part of the length of the legs (2), the said hull (1) being provided with means for applying a preload to the said leg by the intermediary of lifting mechanisms, characterised in that it comprises at least one additional load (11) which can be momentarily and directly locked to each leg (2) of the platform at the moment of the positioning of the said legs on the sea bed. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention est relative aux plates-formes auto-élévatrices pétrolières de forage et d'exploitation en mer.The present invention relates to self-elevating oil platforms for drilling and exploitation at sea.

Les plates-formes de ce type comportent généralement des jambes prenant appui sur le fond marin et une coque montée déplaçable et réglable en hauteur le long des jambes.Platforms of this type generally have legs resting on the seabed and a hull mounted movable and adjustable in height along the legs.

L'ensemble de la plate-forme est amené en flottaison jusqu'au site de forage ou d'exploitation, et les jambes sont descendues jusqu'au contact du fond marin, puis, en prenant appui sur les jambes, la coque est hissée au-dessus du niveau de la mer, jusqu'à une altitude qui la met hors de la portée des plus hautes vagues.The whole platform is brought into flotation to the drilling or exploitation site, and the legs are lowered until contact with the seabed, then, taking support on the legs, the hull is hoisted to the - above sea level, up to an altitude which puts it out of the reach of the highest waves.

La coque est donc déplaçable le long des jambes de la plate-forme au moyen de mécanismes de levage logés dans une structure porteuse bien connue des spécialistes sous le nom de "Jack-house". Ces mécanismes de levage comportent des pignons de sortie qui coopèrent avec des crémaillères montées sur une partie au moins de la longueur des jambes. Ces pignons sont motorisés par une pluralité de moteurs associés à des réducteurs dont le rapport de réduction est très élevé.The hull can therefore be moved along the legs of the platform by means of lifting mechanisms housed in a support structure well known to specialists under the name of "Jack-house". These lifting mechanisms include output pinions which cooperate with racks mounted on at least part of the length of the legs. These pinions are motorized by a plurality of motors associated with reducers whose reduction ratio is very high.

D'autre part, chaque jambe est munie à sa partie inférieure d'un pied, par exemple de forme hexagonale, qui vient s'appuyer sur le fond marin.On the other hand, each leg is provided at its lower part with a foot, for example of hexagonal shape, which comes to rest on the seabed.

Au moment de la pose des jambes de la plate-forme sur le fond marin, les normes de sécurité imposent aux opérateurs d'appliquer sur lesdites jambes une surcharge qui peut atteindre 1,25 fois la charge de la plate-forme. Cette surcharge a pour but d'obtenir un ancrage stable des pieds notamment sur des sites où lesdits pieds des jambes ont tendance à s'enfoncer du fait de l'instabilité de certaines couches du sous-sol.When laying the legs of the platform on the seabed, safety standards require operators to apply an overload on said legs which can reach 1.25 times the load on the platform. The purpose of this overload is to obtain a stable anchoring of the feet in particular on sites where said legs feet tend to sink due to the instability of certain layers of the basement.

A cet effet, la coque de la plate-forme est pourvue, en plus des équipements d'exploitation et des locaux d'habitation, de capacités intégrées à ladite coque et qui peuvent être remplies d'eau de mer au moment de la posa des jambes sur le fond marin. On arrive ainsi à créer une surcharge qui est transmise aux jambes par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes de levage.For this purpose, the hull of the platform is provided, in addition to the operating equipment and living quarters, with capacities integrated into said hull and which can be filled with sea water at the time of fitting the legs on the seabed. We thus manage to create an overload which is transmitted to the legs via the lifting mechanisms.

Mais, les normes de sécurité deviennent de plus en plus sévères, et par conséquent la surcharge à appliquer aux jambes de plus en plus importante.But, safety standards are becoming more and more stringent, and consequently the overload to apply to the legs more and more important.

Une solution consisterait à augmenter le nombre des capacités dans la coque de la plate-forme.One solution would be to increase the number of capacities in the hull of the platform.

Or, les emplacements disponibles dans la coque étant réduits, il serait nécessaire d'augmenter les dimensions de ladite coque. Cela se traduirait donc par un accroissement du poids et par des efforts de trainées plus importants au remorquage.However, the locations available in the hull being reduced, it would be necessary to increase the dimensions of said hull. This would therefore result in an increase in weight and greater drag forces when towing.

De plus, cette disposition imposerait aux mécanismes de levage et notamment aux pignons de sortie une charge importante qui entrainerait un surdimensionnement de ceux-ci.In addition, this arrangement would impose on the lifting mechanisms and in particular on the output pinions a significant load which would cause them to be oversized.

On connaît dans l'article de la revue "PORTS AND DREDGING" N° 88/1976 pages 11 à 13 un dispositif de surcharge d'une plate-forme pétrolière auto-élévatrice comprenant une coque montée déplaçable sur des jambes au moyen de mécanismes de levage logés dans une structure porteuse et comprenant une pluralité de pignons de sortie coopérant avec des crémaillères montées sur une partie au moins de la longueur des jambes, ladite coque étant pourvue de moyens pour appliquer une surcharge sur lesdites jambes par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes de levage.We know in the article of the review "PORTS AND DREDGING" N ° 88/1976 pages 11 to 13 a device for overloading a self-elevating oil platform comprising a hull mounted movable on legs by means of lifting housed in a support structure and comprising a plurality of output pinions cooperating with racks mounted on at least part of the length of the legs, said shell being provided with means for applying an overload to said legs by means of lifting mechanisms.

On connaît également dans EP-A-0 025 618 un dispositif de surcharge d'une plate-forme pétrolière auto-élévatrice comprenant une coque montée déplaçable sur des jambes au moyen de mécanisme de levage, ledit dispositif de surcharge comprenant au moins une charge additionnelle applicable sur chaque jambe de la plate-forme et formée par des réservoirs amovibles comportant des moyens d'accrochage sur les jambes de la plate-forme, lesdits réservoirs vides étant supportés par la coque avant la pose des jambes sur le fond marin et accrochés momentanément et directement sur chaque jambe au moment de la pose desdites jambes sur le fond marin, puis remplis.EP-A-0252518 also discloses a device for overloading a self-elevating oil platform comprising a hull mounted movable on legs by means of a lifting mechanism, said overload device comprising at least one additional load. applicable on each leg of the platform and formed by removable tanks comprising hooking means on the legs of the platform, said empty tanks being supported by the hull before the legs are placed on the seabed and momentarily hung and directly on each leg when laying said legs on the seabed, then filled.

L'invention vise à créer un dispositif de surchage d'une plate-forme permettant de respecter les normes de sécurité et qui, tout en étant d'une construction simple, évite d'appliquer cette surcharge directement sur les mécanismes de levage de la plate-forme.The invention aims to create a device for overloading a platform which makes it possible to comply with safety standards and which, while being of simple construction, avoids applying this overload directly on the lifting mechanisms of the platform. -form.

Elle a donc pour objet une plate-forme pétrolière auto-élévatrice comprenant une coque montée déplaçable au moyen de mécanismes de levage sur des jambes destinées à prendre appui sur le fond marin, ladite plate-forme étant pourvue d'un dispositif de surcharge desdites jambes, comprenant des réservoirs amovibles comportant des moyens d'accrochage sur les jambes de la plate-forme pour appliquer au moins une charge additionnelle sur chaque jambe de ladite plate-forme, lesdits réservoirs vides étant supportés par la coque avant la pose des jambes sur le fond marin et accrochés momentanément et directement sur chaque jambe au moment de la pose desdites jambes sur le fond marin, puis remplis pour appliquer ladite charge additionnelle, telle que connue du document EP-A-0025618 précité, caractérisée en ce que la coque est pourvue de moyens pour appliquer une surcharge sur lesdites jambes par l'intermédiaire de mécanismes de levage logés dans une structure porteuse solidaire de la coque, que lesdits mécanismes de levage comportent une pluralité de pignons de sortie coopérant avec des crémaillères montées sur une partie au moins de la longueur des jambes, et que les moyens d'accrochage sont constitués par des moyens de verrouillage et de déverrouillage automatiques coopérant avec lesdites crémaillères, les réservoirs vides étant supportés par la structure porteuse des mécanismes de levage avant la pose des jambes sur le fond marin et verrouillés momentanément et directement sur chaque jambe au moment de la pose desdites jambes sur le fond marin, puis remplis pour appliquer ladite charge additionnelle.It therefore relates to a self-elevating oil platform comprising a hull mounted displaceable by means of lifting mechanisms on legs intended to bear on the seabed, said platform being provided with a device for overloading said legs , comprising removable reservoirs comprising hooking means on the legs of the platform for applying at least one additional load to each leg of said platform, said empty reservoirs being supported by the shell before the legs are placed on the seabed and temporarily and directly attached to each leg at the time of laying said legs on the seabed, then filled to apply said additional load, as known from document EP-A-0025618 cited above, characterized in that the hull is provided with means for applying an overload to said legs by means of lifting mechanisms housed in a load-bearing structure integral with the hull, that said lifting mechanisms comprise a plurality of output pinions cooperating with racks mounted on at least part of the length of the legs, and that the hooking means consist of automatic locking and unlocking means cooperating with said racks, the empty tanks being supported by the carrying structure of the lifting mechanisms before the installation of the legs on the seabed and momentarily locked directly on each leg when laying said legs on the seabed, then filled to apply said additional load.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques préférées de l'invention :

  • les réservoirs sont formés par au moins une enceinte rigide,
  • des plots en matériau élastique sont disposés entre lesdits réservoirs et la structure porteuse des mécanismes de levage.
According to other preferred characteristics of the invention:
  • the tanks are formed by at least one rigid enclosure,
  • studs of elastic material are disposed between said reservoirs and the support structure of the lifting mechanisms.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 est une vue schématique en élévation d'une plate-forme pétrolière auto-élévatrice selon l'invention,
  • la Fig. 2 est une vue schématique à plus grande échelle et partiellement écorchée de l'une des jambes de la plate-forme montrant une partie des mécanismes de levage,
  • la Fig. 3 est une vue de dessus de la Fig. 2,
  • les Figs 4a à 4f sont des vues schématiques en élévation montrant les phases de mise en place de la plate-forme pétrolière,
       Sur la Fig. 1, on a représenté schématiquement une plate-forme pétrolière auto-élévatrice comprenant une coque 1 montée déplaçable sur des jambes verticales 2 et destinée à prendre appui sur le fond marin 3 lorsque la plate-forme est en position de forage ou d'exploitation.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic elevation view of a self-elevating oil platform according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view on a larger scale and partially broken away of one of the legs of the platform showing part of the lifting mechanisms,
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2,
  • FIGS. 4a to 4f are schematic elevation views showing the phases of setting up the oil platform,
    In Fig. 1, there is schematically shown a self-elevating oil platform comprising a hull 1 movable mounted on vertical legs 2 and intended to bear on the seabed 3 when the platform is in the drilling or operating position.

Chacune des jambes verticales présente dans le cas présent une section triangulaire, et elle est constituée de trois montants 2a, reliés entre eux par un treillis 2b de poutrelles métalliques.Each of the vertical legs in this case has a triangular section, and it consists of three uprights 2a, connected together by a trellis 2b of metal beams.

Les jambes verticales 2 peuvent également présenter une section carrée ou circulaire.The vertical legs 2 can also have a square or circular section.

Chaque jambe 2 se termine à sa partie inférieure par un pied 4, qui dans le cas présent, est de forme hexagonale.Each leg 2 ends at its lower part with a foot 4, which in this case is hexagonal in shape.

La plate-forme est par ailleurs équipée, au niveau de chaque jambe 2, de mécanismes de levage 5 de la coque 1 par rapport auxdites jambes. Ces mécanismes de levage 5 permettent de descendre les jambes 2 jusqu'au contact du fond marin 3, puis en prenant appui sur les jambes, de hisser la coque 1 au-dessus de la mer, jusqu'à une altitude qui la met hors de portée des plus hautes vagues.The platform is also equipped, at each leg 2, with lifting mechanisms 5 for the shell 1 relative to said legs. These lifting mechanisms 5 make it possible to lower the legs 2 until they come into contact with the seabed 3, then, taking support on the legs, to hoist the hull 1 above the sea, to an altitude which puts it out of range of the highest waves.

A cet effet, et comme représenté sur la Fig. 2, les montants 2a des jambes 2 sont pourvus de crémaillères 6 diamétralement opposées disposées sur une partie de longueur des jambes 2 et avec lesquelles sont destinées à coopérer des pignons de sortie 7 des mécanismes de levage 5. On peut prévoir, par exemple six pignons de sortie 7 pour chaque montant 2a, équipés chacun d'un moteur d'entrainement 8.To this end, and as shown in FIG. 2, the uprights 2a of the legs 2 are provided with diametrically opposite racks 6 arranged on a part of the length of the legs 2 and with which are intended to cooperate output pinions 7 of the lifting mechanisms 5. It is possible to provide, for example six pinions outlet 7 for each upright 2a, each equipped with a drive motor 8.

Les mécanismes de levage 5 sont logés dans une structure porteuse 9 solidaire de la coque 1.The lifting mechanisms 5 are housed in a support structure 9 secured to the shell 1.

Par ailleurs, la coque 1 est pourvue en plus des équipements d'exploitation et des locaux d'habitation habituels, de capacités 10 (Fig. 1) intégrées dans ladite coque et qui peuvent être remplies d'eau de mer par des moyens appropriés, non représentés, au moment de la pose des jambes 2 sur le fond marin 3. On arriva ainsi à créer une surcharge qui est transmise aux jambes 2 par les mécanismes de levage 5.Furthermore, the hull 1 is provided, in addition to the usual operating equipment and living quarters, with capacities 10 (FIG. 1) integrated into the said hull and which can be filled with seawater by appropriate means, not shown, when the legs 2 were laid on the seabed 3. This resulted in an overload which is transmitted to the legs 2 by the lifting mechanisms 5.

Cette surcharge a pour but d'obtenir un ancrage stable des pieds 4 notamment sur des sites où lesdits pieds des jambes ont tendance à s'enfoncer du fait de l'instabilité de certaines couches du sous-sol.The purpose of this overload is to obtain a stable anchoring of the feet 4, in particular on sites where said legs feet tend to sink due to the instability of certain layers of the basement.

Dans le but d'augmenter la surcharge appliquée sur les jambes afin de respecter les normes de sécurité, la plate-forme est pourvue, en plus des capacités intégrées 10, de charges additionnelles verrouillables momentanément et directement sur chaque jambe 2 de la plate-forme au moment de la pose desdites jambes sur le fond marin 3.In order to increase the overload applied to the legs in order to comply with safety standards, the platform is provided, in addition to the integrated capacities 10, with additional loads that can be locked momentarily and directly on each leg 2 of the platform when the said legs are laid on the seabed 3.

Comme représenté aux Figs 1 à 3, les charges additionnelles sont constituées par au moins un réservoir 11 amovible et supporté par chaque structure porteuse 9 des mécanismes de levage 5 de chaque jambe 2.As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the additional loads are constituted by at least one removable tank 11 and supported by each carrying structure 9 of the lifting mechanisms 5 of each leg 2.

De préférence, chaque réservoir 11 est divisé en plusieurs enceintes indépendantes 11a, 11b et 11c et verrouillables entre elles par des moyens appropriés non représentés. Ainsi, chaque réservoir 11 peut être installé directement par le côté de la jambe 2 correspondante ce qui évite de devoir l'introduire par le sommet de ladite jambe.Preferably, each reservoir 11 is divided into several independent enclosures 11a, 11b and 11c and lockable together by suitable means, not shown. Thus, each reservoir 11 can be installed directly by the side of the corresponding leg 2 which avoids having to introduce it through the top of said leg.

Chaque enceinte 11a, 11b et 11c est munie chacune de moyens de remplissage 12 constitués par exemple par une vanne d'alimentation et de moyens de vidange 13 constitués par exemple par une vanne de décharge.Each enclosure 11a, 11b and 11c is each provided with filling means 12 constituted for example by a supply valve and draining means 13 constituted for example by a discharge valve.

Les moyens de remplissage 12 sont reliés par une conduite extensible 14 à une pompe, non réprésentée, d'alimentation par exemple en eau de mer.The filling means 12 are connected by an extendable pipe 14 to a pump, not shown, for example supplying seawater.

Les enceintes 11a, 11b et 11c reposent sur chaque structure porteuse 9 au moyen de plots 15 en matériau élastique.The enclosures 11a, 11b and 11c rest on each support structure 9 by means of studs 15 made of elastic material.

De plus, chaque enceinte 11a, 11b et 11c est munie de moyens 16 (Fig. 3) d'accrochage automatiques sur les jambes 2 de la plate-forme pour appliquer au moins une charge additionnelle sur chaque jambe 2 de ladite plate-forme.In addition, each enclosure 11a, 11b and 11c is provided with means 16 (Fig. 3) for automatic attachment to the legs 2 of the platform to apply at least one additional load to each leg 2 of said platform.

Par ailleurs, les moyens 16 sont également déverrouillables automatiquement par exemple lorsque la force exercée sur les plots 15 par la structure porteuse 9 et détectée par au moins un capteur intégré à l'un desdits plots, dépasse un seuil prédéterminé.Furthermore, the means 16 are also automatically unlockable, for example when the force exerted on the pads 15 by the support structure 9 and detected by at least one sensor integrated into one of said pads, exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Ces moyens 16 d'accrochage sont formés par exemple par des contre-crémaillères associées à des organes de blocage et de déverrouillage en encore par des roues à rochet.These hooking means 16 are formed for example by counter-racks associated with locking and unlocking members again by ratchet wheels.

Les réservoirs 11 peuvent être constitués par des enceintes rigides ou par des enceintes en matériau souple placées par exemple dans des cadres en forme de berceaux.The reservoirs 11 can be constituted by rigid enclosures or by enclosures made of flexible material placed for example in cradle-shaped frames.

Selon encore une variante, les réservoirs 11 peuvent être monoblocs et comporter dans ce cas une partie formant porte permettant un montage directement par le côté des jambes.According to yet another variant, the reservoirs 11 can be monobloc and in this case comprise a part forming a door allowing mounting directly from the side of the legs.

On va maintenant décrire en se reportant aux Figs. 4a à 4f, la mise en place de la plate-forme sur le site de forage ou d'exploitation.We will now describe with reference to Figs. 4a to 4f, the establishment of the platform on the drilling or operating site.

La plate-forme est amenée en flottaison jusqu'au site de forage ou d'exploitation (Fig. 4a) et les jambes 2 sont descendues jusqu'au contact du fond marin 3.The platform is brought into floatation as far as the drilling or exploitation site (Fig. 4a) and the legs 2 are lowered until contact with the seabed 3.

En prenant appui sur les jambes 2, la coque 1 est hissée par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes de levage 5 coopérant avec les crémaillères 6, jusqu'à une altitude qui la met hors de portée des plus hautes vagues au moment de l'installation (Fig. 4b).By resting on the legs 2, the hull 1 is hoisted by means of the lifting mechanisms 5 cooperating with the racks 6, up to an altitude which puts it out of reach of the highest waves at the time of installation ( Fig. 4b).

Ensuite, la coque 1, toujours par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes de levage 5, est surélevée par rapport au niveau de la mer (Fig. 4c), et les réservoirs 11 sont verrouillés sur les jambes 2 par l'intermédiaire des moyens 16 d'accrochage automatiques.Then, the hull 1, still by means of the lifting mechanisms 5, is raised above the sea level (Fig. 4c), and the tanks 11 are locked on the legs 2 by means 16 d '' automatic hooking.

La coque 1 est redescendue jusqu'au niveau précédent qui le met hors de portée des plus hautes vagues au moment de l'installation, les réservoirs 11 étant verrouillés sur les jambes 2 à une altitude supérieure (Fig. 4d).The hull 1 is lowered to the previous level which puts it out of reach of the highest waves at the time of installation, the tanks 11 being locked on the legs 2 at a higher altitude (Fig. 4d).

A la suite de ces différentes opérations les capacités 10 intégrées à la coque 1 sont remplies en eau de mer par des moyens appropriés.Following these various operations, the capacities 10 integrated into the hull 1 are filled with sea water by appropriate means.

Cela se traduit par l'application d'une première surcharge sur les jambes 2, si bien que les pieds 4 s'enfoncent plus ou moins dans le fond marin selon la composition de ce fond marin.This results in the application of a first overload on the legs 2, so that the feet 4 sink more or less into the seabed according to the composition of this seabed.

Simultanément ou successivement au remplissage des capacités 10, les réservoirs 11 sont également remplis d'eau de mer par l'intermédiaire des moyens 12 de remplissage et des conduites 14. Le remplissage de ces réservoirs 11 se traduit par l'application d'une surcharge supplémentaire sur chaque jambe 2 permettant ainsi au pied 4 de s'ancrer plus profondément et de manière plus stable dans le fond marin 3.Simultaneously or successively with the filling of the capacities 10, the tanks 11 are also filled with sea water by means of the filling means 12 and the pipes 14. The filling of these tanks 11 results in the application of an overload additional on each leg 2 thus allowing the foot 4 to anchor more deeply and more stably in the seabed 3.

Ensuite, les réservoirs 11 sont vidés par les moyens 13 de vidange, ainsi que les capacités intégrées 10, et la coque 1 est de nouveau surélevée par l'intermédiaire des mécanismes de levage 5 de telle manière que les réservoirs 11 reposent de nouveau sur la structure porteuse 9, après déverrouillage desdits réservoirs 11 par rapport aux jambes 2 (Fig. 4e).Then, the tanks 11 are emptied by the emptying means 13, as well as the integrated capacities 10, and the shell 1 is again raised by means of the lifting mechanisms 5 so that the tanks 11 rest again on the supporting structure 9, after unlocking said reservoirs 11 relative to the legs 2 (Fig. 4e).

La coque 1 est ensuite surélevée jusqu'à sa position qui la met hors de portée des plus hautes vagues pouvant intervenir au cours de l'exploitation sur le site. (Fig. 4f).The hull 1 is then raised to its position which puts it out of the reach of the highest waves that can occur during operation on the site. (Fig. 4f).

Le dispositif de surcharge, tout en étant d'une construction simple et d'une mise en oeuvre aisée, permet donc d'appliquer sur les jambes de la plate-forme la surcharge désirée afin de pouvoir respecter les normes de sécurité et d'éviter de faire transiter cette surcharge par les mécanismes de levage de la plate-forme.The overload device, while being simple in construction and easy to implement, therefore makes it possible to apply the desired overload to the legs of the platform in order to be able to comply with safety standards and to avoid to pass this overload through the lifting mechanisms of the platform.

De plus, cette surcharge est facilement modulable en fonction des normes de sécurités.In addition, this overload is easily adjustable according to security standards.

Claims (3)

  1. Jack-up oil platform comprising a barge (1) mounted so that it can move by means of lifting mechanisms (5) on legs (2) intended to bear on the sea bed, the said platform being provided with a device for overloading the said legs (2), comprising removable tanks (11) including means (16) for fastening to the legs of the platform in order to apply at least one additional load to each leg of the said platform, the said empty tanks being supported by the barge before the legs are placed on the sea bed and fastened temporarily and directly to each leg at the moment at which the said legs are placed on the sea bed, then filled in order to apply the said additional load, characterized in that the barge is provided with means (10) for applying an overload to the said legs (2) by means of lifting mechanisms (5) housed in a support structure (9) secured to the barge, that the said lifting mechanisms include a plurality of output pinions (7) interacting with racks (6) fitted to at least some of the length of the legs (2), and that the fastening means (16) are made up of automatic locking and unlocking means interacting with the said racks (6), the empty tanks being supported by the support structure (9) of the lifting mechanisms before the legs are placed on the sea bed and locked temporarily and directly to each leg at the moment at which the said legs are placed on the sea bed, then filled in order to apply the said additional load.
  2. Platform according to Claim 1, characterized in that the tanks (11) are formed of at least one rigid container (11a, 11b, 11c).
  3. Platform according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that blocks (15) made of an elastic material are located between the said tanks (11) and the said support structure (9) of the lifting mechanisms (5).
EP91400187A 1990-02-08 1991-01-28 Jack-up oil platform Expired - Lifetime EP0441673B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9001475 1990-02-08
FR9001475A FR2657904B1 (en) 1990-02-08 1990-02-08 DEVICE FOR OVERLOADING A SELF-LIFTING OIL PLATFORM AND PLATFORM INCLUDING APPLICATION.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0441673A1 EP0441673A1 (en) 1991-08-14
EP0441673B1 true EP0441673B1 (en) 1995-02-15

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EP91400187A Expired - Lifetime EP0441673B1 (en) 1990-02-08 1991-01-28 Jack-up oil platform

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US (1) US5224798A (en)
EP (1) EP0441673B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE118579T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69107313D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0441673T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2071243T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2657904B1 (en)
NO (1) NO910450L (en)

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US5580189A (en) * 1995-12-22 1996-12-03 Searex, Inc. Jack-up rig crane
FR2759400B1 (en) * 1997-02-07 1999-04-23 Schlumberger Services Petrol OIL DRILLING PLATFORM OF THE JACK-UP TYPE OR WITH RACK PILLARS WITH RACK, INDEPENDENTLY ELEVATED FOR EACH MEMBRANE OF EACH PILLAR
US7258510B2 (en) * 2001-03-29 2007-08-21 Masasuke Kawasaki Systems and methods useful in stabilizing platforms and vessels having platforms and legs
FR2837461B1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2004-06-18 Technip Coflexip TRANSPORT, INSTALLATION AND DISMANTLING STRUCTURE OF A BRIDGE OF A FIXED OIL PLATFORM AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING SUCH A STRUCTURE
US6705802B2 (en) * 2002-08-16 2004-03-16 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Temporary support for offshore drilling platform
FR2865484B1 (en) * 2004-01-28 2006-05-19 Technip France STRUCTURE FOR TRANSPORTING, INSTALLING AND DISMANTLING THE ELEMENTS OF A FIXED PETROLEUM PLATFORM AND METHODS OF IMPLEMENTING SUCH A STRUCTURE
US20070204520A1 (en) * 2006-03-01 2007-09-06 Calleja Michael J Self-elevating staging with rack-and-pinion posts
EP2307619A1 (en) * 2008-05-23 2011-04-13 Transocean Offshore Deepwater Drilling Inc. Method and apparatus for improving the lateral support provided by the legs of a jack-up drilling rig
US8052174B2 (en) 2008-09-15 2011-11-08 Denso International America, Inc. Pipe joint design
CA2828079C (en) * 2011-03-09 2015-06-16 Keppel Offshore & Marine Technology Centre Pte Ltd Skirted foundation for penetrating soft material
US9371625B2 (en) * 2014-06-09 2016-06-21 Offshore Technology Development Pte Ltd Modified spudcan with optimal peripheral skirt for enhanced performance of jackup operations
US9903084B2 (en) * 2015-06-23 2018-02-27 Bennett Offshore, L.L.C. System and method for improving a jack up platform with asymmetric cleats

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US3277653A (en) * 1963-11-26 1966-10-11 Christopher J Foster Offshore platforms and method of installing same
US3797256A (en) * 1972-09-08 1974-03-19 Sharp Inc G Jack-up type offshore platform apparatus
JPS5820326B2 (en) * 1978-10-27 1983-04-22 日立造船株式会社 How to install a jack-up type rig and its equipment
US4255069A (en) * 1979-08-01 1981-03-10 The Offshore Company Jack-up platform locking apparatus
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US4505615A (en) * 1982-02-17 1985-03-19 Atlantic Pacific Marine Corporation Method of supporting a shallow water drilling barge
US4482272A (en) * 1982-04-23 1984-11-13 Ateliers Et Chantiers De Bretagne Acb Load transfer and monitoring system for use with jackup barges

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO910450D0 (en) 1991-02-06
ES2071243T3 (en) 1995-06-16
EP0441673A1 (en) 1991-08-14
FR2657904A1 (en) 1991-08-09
FR2657904B1 (en) 1992-12-31
ATE118579T1 (en) 1995-03-15
DE69107313D1 (en) 1995-03-23
DK0441673T3 (en) 1995-07-24
NO910450L (en) 1991-08-09
US5224798A (en) 1993-07-06

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