EP0444055B1 - Soupape magnetique, notamment pour pompes d'injection de carburant - Google Patents

Soupape magnetique, notamment pour pompes d'injection de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0444055B1
EP0444055B1 EP89911988A EP89911988A EP0444055B1 EP 0444055 B1 EP0444055 B1 EP 0444055B1 EP 89911988 A EP89911988 A EP 89911988A EP 89911988 A EP89911988 A EP 89911988A EP 0444055 B1 EP0444055 B1 EP 0444055B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
control device
excitation winding
winding
solenoid valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89911988A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0444055A1 (fr
Inventor
Joachim Tauscher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0444055A1 publication Critical patent/EP0444055A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0444055B1 publication Critical patent/EP0444055B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/28—Interface circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/0007—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for using electrical feedback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F02M59/466—Electrically operated valves, e.g. using electromagnetic or piezoelectric operating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/063—Lift of the valve needle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8158—With indicator, register, recorder, alarm or inspection means
    • Y10T137/8225—Position or extent of motion indicator
    • Y10T137/8242—Electrical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solenoid valve, in particular for fuel injection pumps, of the type defined in the preamble of the claim.
  • solenoid valves When used in fuel injection pumps, such solenoid valves are inserted into the high-pressure channel of the fuel injection pump and used to control the amount of fuel injected per pump piston stroke.
  • the closing time of the solenoid valve determines the injection duration and, for a given nozzle cross section of the injection nozzle, the fuel injection quantity.
  • the solenoid valves generally have constant switching times, which are determined by the design. This results, for example, from the elimination of the activation of the electromagnet until the valve is actually fully opened, in which fuel is still injected becomes.
  • the end of the fuel injection phase is thus by the constant switching time of the valve when the valve opens after the switch-off time of the electromagnet specified by the control device.
  • the switch position transmitter has a disk made of piezoceramic material, which is integrated in the stroke stop.
  • the solenoid valve When the solenoid valve is opened after the magnetic excitation has ceased, the valve needle lifting off from the valve seat under the action of the valve opening spring hits the piezoceramic disk. This generates a voltage which is fed to the control device as a valve open signal and is evaluated there accordingly.
  • the two electrical outputs of the piezoceramic disk are connected to a two-wire cable that is insulated and passed through the valve housing. This means additional processing steps on the valve housing, an additional electrical connecting line in addition to the electrical connection for the magnetic excitation coil and additional assembly effort.
  • the solenoid valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the electrical signal generated by the piezoceramic when the valve needle strikes is transmitted to the control device without an additional transmission path.
  • the measures according to the invention make it possible to use the two-wire connection line between the control device and the magnet excitation winding, which is already present and required and is used to control the electromagnet. If the magnetic excitation is switched off, which is done by opening the switching element, which is generally designed as a transistor output stage, in the control device, the return wire of the two-wire connecting line is decoupled from ground.
  • This voltage pulse represents a signal for recognizing the valve open position. If the voltage pulse is not taken directly at the output terminal of the control device but via a capacitor, the superimposed DC supply voltage is eliminated and the valve open signal is obtained as a significant voltage pulse that exceeds the zero potential.
  • the 2/2-way solenoid valve shown in longitudinal section in Fig. 1 has a valve housing 10 with a screw-in pin 11, with which the valve housing 10 can be screwed into a socket in the housing of a fuel rail injection pump, such that the valve is also the pump working space Injection pump limited.
  • a fuel distributor injection pump with an inserted solenoid valve is, for example, in DE 36 33 107 Al described.
  • a high-pressure bore 12 runs from the valve inlet 13 to a valve opening 15 enclosed by a valve seat 14.
  • a valve space 16 located beyond the valve opening 15 is connected to a valve outlet 18 via at least one relief bore 15.
  • a conical or mushroom-shaped section 19 of a valve needle 20 works together, which is guided axially displaceably with a cylindrical section 21 in a guide bore 22 which continues from the valve chamber 16.
  • the guide bore 22 is located within a central core 23 which is integral with the valve housing 10 and which is surrounded by a magnet coil 24 of an electromagnet 25.
  • the valve needle 20 is connected to an anchor plate 26 of the electromagnet 25.
  • a compression spring 27 acting in the valve opening direction is clamped, which, when the magnet coil 24 is not energized, places the armature plate 26 against a stop 28 for limiting the stroke of the valve needle 20.
  • the magnet coil 24 is wound on a coil carrier 29 and inserted into a magnet pot 30, which concentrically surrounds the core 23 of the valve housing 10.
  • the magnet pot 30 is covered by a plate-shaped yoke 31, which the armature plate 26 is opposite with an air gap corresponding to the stroke of the valve needle 20.
  • the yoke 31 is pressed onto the magnet pot 30 resting on the valve housing 10 by means of a pot-like intermediate flange 32 carrying the stop 28.
  • the intermediate flange 32 is in turn held immovably by a housing cover 33 placed on the valve housing 10.
  • a two-wire electrical connecting cable 34 is passed through the housing cover 33, the intermediate flange 32 and the yoke 31 in an insulated manner, the two connecting ends 35, 36 (Fig. 2) is connected to a winding end 37 or 38 of the solenoid 24.
  • the connecting cable 34 which has a feed line 48 and a return line 49, is connected to a control device 40, which in turn is connected to a direct voltage, generally connected to the motor vehicle battery 39.
  • the control device 40 is used to switch the solenoid valve, that is to say to close and open the valve, for which purpose the solenoid coil 24 is supplied with direct current or is again separated from the direct voltage.
  • the closing time of the solenoid valve is essentially determined by the duration of the excitation of the solenoid 24.
  • the control device 40 has two output terminals 41, 42 for connecting the connecting cable 34 and an input terminal 43 for connecting the positive pole of the motor vehicle battery 39.
  • the output terminal 41 is directly connected to the input terminal 43, while the output terminal 42 is connected to ground or zero potential via a transistor output stage 44, which is symbolically represented here by a switch.
  • the control of the transistor output stage 44 takes place by means of control electronics 45 of the control device 40 as a function of various operating parameters of an internal combustion engine equipped with the fuel injection pump, such as load, speed, temperature, and - in order to compensate for the switching times of the solenoid valve that are caused by control - taking into account the switching position of the valve, that is, the position of the valve needle 20.
  • FIG. 3 shows a drive pulse supplied to the transistor output stage 44 from the control electronics 45 in diagram a.
  • the transistor output stage 44 closes for the duration of this pulse and the magnet coil 24 of the electromagnet 25 is connected to the motor vehicle battery 39 connected.
  • a current flows in the magnetic coil 24, as shown in diagram b of FIG. 3.
  • the anchor plate 26 is attracted to the yoke 31 and the portion 19 of the valve needle is seated on the valve seat 14 with the valve opening 15 closed.
  • the solenoid valve is closed.
  • the drive pulse ceases and the transistor output stage 44 opens.
  • the current in the magnetic coil 24 goes to zero with a time delay.
  • valve needle 20 With the elimination of the excitation of the solenoid coil 24, the valve needle 20 begins to lift off from the valve seat 14 under the action of the compression spring 27 and strikes the stop 28 on the intermediate flange 32 at the time t V.
  • the time dependence of the valve needle stroke S is shown in diagram c of FIG. 3.
  • the stroke curve S of the valve needle 20 has again reached its zero point, and the solenoid valve is fully open, so that the high-pressure bore 12 and the relief bore 17 are connected to one another.
  • the injection phase of the fuel injection pump determined by the point in time t0 is extended, which leads to an undesired increase in the fuel injection quantity. Knowing the point in time t V is therefore essential for correcting the injection quantity.
  • a switch position transmitter 46 which has a piezoceramic disk 47 arranged on the stop 28. As soon as the valve needle 20 hits the piezoceramic disk 47 at the time t V , electrical charges are generated in it, which lead to a voltage pulse which can be evaluated as a measure of the valve open position (valve open signal) in the control electronics 45 to correct the time t0.
  • the connecting cable 34 is used to transmit the voltage pulse from the solenoid valve to the control device 40, so that no separate signal line is required.
  • the output 51 carrying the higher potential is connected to the winding end 38 of the magnetic coil 24, which is connected to the second output terminal 42 of the control device 40 via the return line 49 of the connecting cable 34.
  • the output 52 of the piezoceramic disk 47 which carries the lower potential, is connected to the connection end 35 of the feed line 48 or the anode of the diode 50. Alternatively, the output 52 can also be connected directly to ground or zero potential, as is indicated by the broken line in FIG. 2.
  • the second output terminal 42 is connected to the control electronics 45 via a capacitor 53 and an amplifier 54.
  • a series circuit comprising a zener diode 55 and a blocking diode 56 is also arranged between the two output terminals 41, 42, the forward direction of the zener diode 55 being directed to the second output terminal 42 and the forward direction of the blocking diode 56 toward the first output terminal 41.
  • valve needle 20 or the armature plate 26 strikes the piezoceramic disk 47 at the stop 48 at the time t V, charges are generated in the disk 47 by this impact, which are included in the parasitic capacitances of the diode 50, the transistor output stage 44 and the connecting cable 34 its two lines 48, 42 lead to a voltage pulse.
  • the curve of the voltage at the second output terminal 42 is at the top in diagram d in FIG. 3 and at the output of the amplifier 54 or at the input 57 of the control electronics 45 in diagram d of FIG. 3 below shown.
  • the voltage pulse at time t0 when the transistor output stage 44 is opened, which is caused by the winding inductance of the magnet coil 24, can be clearly seen.
  • This voltage pulse subsides quickly, even before the valve needle 20 hits the stop 28.
  • the impact of the valve needle 20 triggers the already described second voltage pulse at time t V , which represents the valve open signal for the control electronics 25.
  • t V represents the valve open signal for the control electronics 25.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

Dans une soupape magnétique, notamment pour pompes d'injection de carburant, la position terminale du pointeau (20), lorsque le siège de soupape (14) est ouvert, est détectée par un indicateur de position de commande (46) qui comporte un élément céramique piézo-électrique (47) disposé dans une butée de fin de course (28) destinée au pointeau (20). Le signal de soupape ouverte généré par l'élément céramique piézo-électrique (47) lors du contact avec le pointeau (20) est transmis au dispositif de commande (40) de la soupape magnétique par le câble de raccordement bifilaire (34) nécessaire pour exciter les électro-aimants (25) de la soupape magnétique. A cet effet, l'élément de commutation (44) dans le dispositif de commande (40), qui actionne les aimants, est relié en aval, vu dans le sens du courant, à la bobine excitatrice (24) via la ligne de retour (49) du câble de raccordement (34), et l'élément céramique piézo-électrique (47) est relié en parallèle avec les sorties électriques (51, 52) du circuit en série constitué d'une diode (50) et de la bobine excitatrice (24).

Claims (2)

  1. Soupape magnétique, notamment pour pompes d'injection de carburant dans des moteurs à combustion interne, comportant entre l'entrée (13) et la sortie (18) de la soupape, un orifice (15) bordé par un siège de soupape (14), une aiguille de soupape (20) coopérant avec le siège (14) pour fermer ou ouvrir l'orifice (15), l'aiguille en position de fermeture de la soupape reposant sur le siège (14) tandis qu'en position d'ouverture de la soupape elle s'appuie sur une butée de fin de course (28) sous la poussée d'un ressort (27) d'ouverture de soupape, un électro-aimant (25) entraînant l'aiguille (20) dans le sens de la fermeture et dont l'enroulement d'excitation (24) a ses extrémités reliées aux deux bornes de sortie (41, 42) d'un dispositif de pilotage de l'enroulement d'excitation (24), par les conducteurs d'amenée et de retour (48, 49) d'un câble de liaison (34), un indicateur de position d'inversion (46) qui sert à détecter la position de l'aiguille et qui comporte, sur la butée (28) de fin de course de l'aiguille (20), une céramique piézo-électrique (47) à deux sorties électriques (51, 52) et dont le signal de sortie est adressé au dispositif de commande (40) en tant que signal de soupape ouverte, soupape magnétique caractérisée en ce que la première borne de sortie (41) du dispositif de commande (40) reliée au conducteur d'amenée (48) est alimentée par une source de courant continu (39) la deuxième borne de sortie (42) reliée au conducteur de retour (49) du dispositif de commande (40) est mise à la masse, c'est-à-dire à un potentiel nul par l'intermédiaire d'un contacteur, de préférence un transistor à étage de sortie (44), qu'entre le raccord (35) côté enroulement du conducteur d'amenée (48) de courant à l'enroulement d'excitation et l'entrée (37) de cet enroulement d'excitation (24) est intercalée une diode (50) à passage de courant en direction de l'enroulement (24) , que la sortie (51) de la céramique piézo-électrique (47) ayant le potentiel le plue élevé est reliée à la sortie (38) de l'enroulement d'excitation (24) raccordée au conducteur de retour (49), que l'autre sortie (52) de la céramique piézo-électrique (47) est reliée au raccord (35), côté enroulement, du conducteur d'amenée (48) ou mise à la masse, c'est-à-dire au potentiel et que le signal de soupape ouverte estb prélevé directement ou indirectement à la deuxième borne de sortie (42) du dispositif de commande (40) reliée au conducteur de retour (49).
  2. Soupape magnétique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un condensateur (53) est intercalé entre la deuxième borne de sortie (42) du dispositif de commande (40) et le point de prélèvement (57) du signal de soupape ouverte.
EP89911988A 1988-11-15 1989-11-03 Soupape magnetique, notamment pour pompes d'injection de carburant Expired - Lifetime EP0444055B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3838599 1988-11-15
DE19883838599 DE3838599A1 (de) 1988-11-15 1988-11-15 Magnetventil, insbesondere fuer kraftstoffeinspritzpumpen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0444055A1 EP0444055A1 (fr) 1991-09-04
EP0444055B1 true EP0444055B1 (fr) 1993-03-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89911988A Expired - Lifetime EP0444055B1 (fr) 1988-11-15 1989-11-03 Soupape magnetique, notamment pour pompes d'injection de carburant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5109885A (fr)
EP (1) EP0444055B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04501754A (fr)
DE (2) DE3838599A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990005845A1 (fr)

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GB8406331D0 (en) * 1984-03-10 1984-04-11 Lucas Ind Plc Control system
JPS60162238U (ja) * 1984-04-05 1985-10-28 株式会社ボッシュオートモーティブ　システム 燃料噴射装置
DE3633107A1 (de) * 1986-04-10 1987-10-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0444055A1 (fr) 1991-09-04
JPH04501754A (ja) 1992-03-26
DE58903687D1 (de) 1993-04-08
DE3838599A1 (de) 1990-05-17
US5109885A (en) 1992-05-05
WO1990005845A1 (fr) 1990-05-31

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