EP0455897A1 - Dispositif pour la fabrication de fibres trés fines - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la fabrication de fibres trés fines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0455897A1
EP0455897A1 EP90250121A EP90250121A EP0455897A1 EP 0455897 A1 EP0455897 A1 EP 0455897A1 EP 90250121 A EP90250121 A EP 90250121A EP 90250121 A EP90250121 A EP 90250121A EP 0455897 A1 EP0455897 A1 EP 0455897A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
melt
spinneret
gas
bores
threads
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90250121A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0455897B1 (fr
Inventor
Lüder Dr.-Ing. Gerking
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen GmbH
Original Assignee
Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen GmbH filed Critical Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen GmbH
Priority to AT90250121T priority Critical patent/ATE93283T1/de
Priority to DE9090250121T priority patent/DE59002398D1/de
Priority to EP90250121A priority patent/EP0455897B1/fr
Priority to JP3102765A priority patent/JPH04228606A/ja
Publication of EP0455897A1 publication Critical patent/EP0455897A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0455897B1 publication Critical patent/EP0455897B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D01D4/025—Melt-blowing or solution-blowing dies
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing fine threads according to the preamble of the main claim and the independent claim.
  • the arrangement of the melt bores in a row with an overlying distribution channel and air outlet slots lying close to the bores is basically a weak construction, both in terms of the deformation of the slot by the air pressure - 0.5 to 6 bar and above are used - as well as the deformation of the elongated melt distribution space.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,486,161 a device of this type is protected in which the opposing melt walls are connected by webs in order to increase the resistance to inflation.
  • the object of the invention is to create a method and an apparatus for producing very fine threads which, on the one hand, have continuous fine threads or fibers without thread breaks with a diameter between 5 to 10 ⁇ m or particularly thin threads in the area around 1 ⁇ m, which need not be endless, can deliver and which have an improved distribution of the gas or air flow with respect to the individual threads emerging from the spinning head and permit a higher melt throughput.
  • each individual melt outlet opening is assigned an air or gas outlet slot which surrounds it in a rotationally symmetrical manner, that is to say each melt thread has its own blowing nozzle.
  • the present invention it is possible to produce continuous (or endless) fine threads, as are desired today in textile technology, for particularly fine-titer yarns for the production of women's stockings or fine capillary fabrics with high thermal insulation at the same time possible moisture transport for good physiological wearing properties.
  • the single thread of a yarn composed of several such should have a fineness of less than 1 denier per filament.
  • 1 denier (den) is the weight of a thread of length 9,000 m
  • decitex decitex
  • the weight in g also refers to 10,000 m thread length.
  • each bore or spinning opening in the spinneret is assigned an individual blowing nozzle, the blowing nozzles being connected to a gas supply, gives a very good gas distribution with respect to the individual threads. Since the gas flow is applied evenly to the threads, no thread breaks occur and the diameter of the threads after they have cooled is essentially constant.
  • the design of the spinnerets is not as limited in the design and construction of the spinning heads as in the prior art, in which only a limited number of spinning orifices can be provided.
  • meltblown fibers that have been used in many areas such as filtration, absorption and insulation in technical, medical, textile tasks.
  • the difference to the production of continuous or endless threads is that generally higher melt temperatures and above all higher air velocities, ie also air pressures, are used to avoid high shear stresses to pull out the thread to the appropriate fineness.
  • melt temperatures and above all higher air velocities ie also air pressures
  • the spin pack 1 shown in FIG. 1 is part of a spinning head which is used for pressing thermoplastic melts in the production of blow-spun threads.
  • the spin pack is connected via a melt line 2 to a pump part, not shown.
  • the spin pack has a housing consisting of two parts 3, 4, which are screwed together.
  • a spinneret 5 is arranged in the lower part of the housing 3, 4 and is described in more detail below.
  • a large number of melt bores 6 lying next to one another are provided in the spinneret 5.
  • a support plate 7 is supported on the spinneret, which has a plurality of through holes 8 for passing the melt through.
  • a filter unit 9 is located above the support plate 7 and a displacement body 10 is arranged above it, which defines a specific space for the passage of the melt entering via the melt line 2.
  • the melt flow during the transition from one component to the other is sealed by soft metal seals such as aluminum.
  • the spinneret 5 which for the sake of clarity is shown in FIG. 1 only with a few melt bores 6 not to scale, FIG. 3 showing a section, has a circular cross section and consists of two plates 11, 12 which are screwed together.
  • the upper plate 11, which is provided with the melt bores 6, has a plurality of conical elevations 13 around the melt bores 6.
  • the lower plate 12 is designed in such a way that it has conical openings 14 which correspond to the elevations 13, the elevations 13 projecting into the conical openings 14 when the plates 11, 12 are screwed together, so that there is between the outer surface of the elevations 13 and the inner surface of the conical bores 14 each form an annular channel or an annular gap.
  • the arrangement consisting of the inner surface of the bore 14 surrounding the melt bore 6 and the annular outer surface of the elevation 13 located in the lower counterplate 12, form a blow nozzle 16.
  • the individual blow nozzles 16 surrounding the melt bore 6 are connected to a gas distribution space 17 which by appropriate Formations between the plates 11 and 12 is formed.
  • the cross section for the inflow to the individual blowing nozzles 16 is several times larger than the cross section of the annular gap 15 for the purpose of the best possible distribution.
  • the gas (air) can be heated directly in the spinning head.
  • spinnerets are heated by a liquid or vaporous organic heat transfer medium, the temperature of which is that of the desired melt temperature.
  • the gas supply lines can be guided in the spinning head and the gas can also be brought to melt temperature if a sufficiently large heat transfer area is provided. This leads to a particularly compact and simple control device. However, no variations in the gas temperature above or below the melt temperature are then possible.
  • the hot gas streams concentrically surrounding the melt bore 6 and leaving the blow nozzle 16 facilitate the warping of the thread to thinner diameters, which are distorted by gravity, but especially by the tensile forces exerted by the winding unit, and are molecularly oriented depending on the speed.
  • the hot gas jet mixes with the ambient air and takes on an increasingly lower mixing temperature. If the melt temperature of the spun polymeric or other thread-forming raw material falls below, the thread begins to solidify to its final diameter. Finer threads can be achieved in that the throughput is reduced at the same winding speed and, if breaks occur, the air and melt temperature are increased, which is possible up to a certain limit.
  • meltblown fine fibers For the production of meltblown fine fibers, a gas heater, mostly electrically heated, which is independent of the temperature of the spinning head is used, through which the gas flows and is then no longer fed through the heating chamber of the spinning head to the nozzle. This can be done constructively in the same way as shown in FIG. 1. Another possibility is to guide the heated gas to the side of the spinneret and then to connect it to the spinneret with the melt opening arranged at the side by pressing against the melt and gas openings with seals. The gas temperature can then be significantly higher than the melt temperature, which produces finer fibers.
  • melt-blown fine fibers mostly in the range significantly below 10 ⁇ m and definitely below 1 ⁇ m, are usually deposited in a random form as a fleece.
  • the gas flows from the blowing nozzles 16, mixed with the ambient air below the spinnerets, flow laterally or flow through the fleece.
  • the fleece made of fine fibers or threads can also be spun directly onto a carrier material.
  • the device according to the invention avoids the disadvantages known hitherto, in which the narrow, flat air gap has to be readjusted after each nozzle cleaning.
  • this gap arises automatically if only an accuracy that can be achieved with today's machine tools was pursued in the manufacture of the two halves 11 and 12, that is to say the melt bore 6 and the conical bore 14 have the same center with sufficient tolerance.
  • a deviation of a few hundredths of a millimeter is permissible for Annular gaps 15 from 0.2 to 0.6 mm.
  • one will use the same material for the two parts 11 and 12, so that there are no different thermal expansions.
  • the two parts are fitted with fits on the edges using the usual toolmaking technology.
  • the spinning bores 6 and the blowing nozzles 16 surrounding them are arranged distributed over a circular cross section.
  • the melt bores 6 can be distributed as desired on a nozzle face. 2 this was shown for a circular nozzle, the individual melt bores 6 and thus also the blowing nozzles 16 being arranged on concentric circles. But they can also be arranged in a row, with the advantage of more precise maintenance of the air gap compared to the previous devices, or in several rows next to each other.
  • Such multi-row longitudinal nozzles with a large number of holes are recommended for the production of fine or microfibers, which are collected as a fleece, while round nozzles are suitable for the production of endless fine textile threads for later processing in fabrics or knitted fabrics. So it is also conceivable that in this way cables are made from the finest threads that are later cut into staple fibers. Both round and rectangular nozzles are to be used.
  • the principle according to the invention is not limited to the shape of the nozzle.
  • the spinning head had air tubes which led through a heating room heated with diphyl steam and ended in the fastening surface of the spinning pack.
  • a spinneret with a diameter of 60 mm was screwed into the spin pack 1, which had the characteristics according to the invention essentially according to FIG. 1.
  • the number of holes in the nozzles was 12 and the diameter of the melt bore was 0.25 mm.
  • the lower part 12 of the spinneret formed 14 annular gaps 15 of 0.4 mm width with the cone of the spinning bores 14.
  • the temperature of the polyamide melt was 228 ° C. and the air fed to the spinneret was practically the same temperature.
  • the air volume was 1.8 Nm3 / h.
  • the amount of melt distributed over the twelve holes was 3 g / min.
  • the arrangement corresponded to the usual melt spinning device for synthetic threads.
  • a blow chute in which air of 25 o C and 40% rel. Moisture was blown in at a speed of 0.3 m / s to cool the threads.
  • the threads were wound up by a high-speed winder at a speed of 5540 m / min.
  • the titer was 12 x 0.45 dtex, which corresponds to a diameter of the individual capillary of approximately 7.2 ⁇ m.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
EP90250121A 1990-05-09 1990-05-09 Dispositif pour la fabrication de fibres trés fines Expired - Lifetime EP0455897B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90250121T ATE93283T1 (de) 1990-05-09 1990-05-09 Vorrichtung zum herstellen von feinstfaeden.
DE9090250121T DE59002398D1 (de) 1990-05-09 1990-05-09 Vorrichtung zum herstellen von feinstfaeden.
EP90250121A EP0455897B1 (fr) 1990-05-09 1990-05-09 Dispositif pour la fabrication de fibres trés fines
JP3102765A JPH04228606A (ja) 1990-05-09 1991-05-08 溶融紡糸可能な合成材料の非常に細い糸を製造するための方法及び装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90250121A EP0455897B1 (fr) 1990-05-09 1990-05-09 Dispositif pour la fabrication de fibres trés fines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0455897A1 true EP0455897A1 (fr) 1991-11-13
EP0455897B1 EP0455897B1 (fr) 1993-08-18

Family

ID=8205229

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90250121A Expired - Lifetime EP0455897B1 (fr) 1990-05-09 1990-05-09 Dispositif pour la fabrication de fibres trés fines

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0455897B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04228606A (fr)
AT (1) ATE93283T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59002398D1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0553419A1 (fr) * 1992-01-27 1993-08-04 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Tête de filière pour matière fondue et soufflée
US5593705A (en) * 1993-03-05 1997-01-14 Akzo Nobel Nv Apparatus for melt spinning multifilament yarns
US5612063A (en) * 1991-09-06 1997-03-18 Akzo N.V. Apparatus for melt spinning multifilament yarns
AT405948B (de) * 1998-03-26 1999-12-27 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag Spinndüse
WO2007101459A1 (fr) * 2006-03-08 2007-09-13 Gerking Lueder Dispositif de filature pour produire des fils fins par epissurage
CN103882535A (zh) * 2014-04-11 2014-06-25 天津工业大学 一种溶液喷射纺丝模头
CN115151686A (zh) * 2020-02-20 2022-10-04 欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司 熔喷喷嘴设备
CN115434021A (zh) * 2022-10-08 2022-12-06 无锡市兴盛新材料科技有限公司 一种优化冷却成形的短纤维直纺工艺
WO2023143935A1 (fr) * 2022-01-31 2023-08-03 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de buse de fusion-soufflage pour la production d'une pluralité de brins de fibre à partir d'une masse fondue de polymère
CN118854469A (zh) * 2024-07-05 2024-10-29 禾欣可乐丽超纤(海盐)有限公司 一种pet超纤合成革生产设备及生产工艺

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5946569B1 (ja) * 2015-04-17 2016-07-06 紘邦 張本 メルトブロー用口金及び極細繊維製造装置
JP5946565B1 (ja) * 2015-06-23 2016-07-06 紘邦 張本 紡糸口金及び極細繊維製造装置
RU2614087C1 (ru) * 2015-11-18 2017-03-22 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет" (ТГУ, НИ ТГУ) Устройство для получения волокнистых материалов из расплава термопластов
JP6095089B1 (ja) * 2016-06-20 2017-03-15 紘邦 張本 メルトブロー用口金、これを用いた極細繊維製造装置及びその製造方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3849241A (en) * 1968-12-23 1974-11-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Non-woven mats by melt blowing
US3888610A (en) * 1973-08-24 1975-06-10 Rothmans Of Pall Mall Formation of polymeric fibres
US3954361A (en) * 1974-05-23 1976-05-04 Beloit Corporation Melt blowing apparatus with parallel air stream fiber attenuation
GB2073098A (en) * 1980-04-08 1981-10-14 Biax Fiberfilm Corp Melt-blowing fibre-forming thermoplastic polymer
EP0265249A2 (fr) * 1986-10-21 1988-04-27 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Filière de soufflage de matière fondue

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5224411B1 (fr) * 1968-12-19 1977-07-01
JPS5750290U (fr) * 1980-09-08 1982-03-23
JPS6114088A (ja) * 1984-06-28 1986-01-22 Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd 溶接缶体の製造方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3849241A (en) * 1968-12-23 1974-11-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Non-woven mats by melt blowing
US3888610A (en) * 1973-08-24 1975-06-10 Rothmans Of Pall Mall Formation of polymeric fibres
US3954361A (en) * 1974-05-23 1976-05-04 Beloit Corporation Melt blowing apparatus with parallel air stream fiber attenuation
GB2073098A (en) * 1980-04-08 1981-10-14 Biax Fiberfilm Corp Melt-blowing fibre-forming thermoplastic polymer
EP0265249A2 (fr) * 1986-10-21 1988-04-27 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Filière de soufflage de matière fondue

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5612063A (en) * 1991-09-06 1997-03-18 Akzo N.V. Apparatus for melt spinning multifilament yarns
EP0553419A1 (fr) * 1992-01-27 1993-08-04 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Tête de filière pour matière fondue et soufflée
US5593705A (en) * 1993-03-05 1997-01-14 Akzo Nobel Nv Apparatus for melt spinning multifilament yarns
AT405948B (de) * 1998-03-26 1999-12-27 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag Spinndüse
WO2007101459A1 (fr) * 2006-03-08 2007-09-13 Gerking Lueder Dispositif de filature pour produire des fils fins par epissurage
RU2396378C2 (ru) * 2006-03-08 2010-08-10 Людер ГЕРКИНГ Формовочное устройство для получения тонких нитей путем расщепления
CN101460666B (zh) * 2006-03-08 2011-05-18 吕德·格金 通过分裂法生产细纱线的纺丝装置
CN102162141A (zh) * 2006-03-08 2011-08-24 吕德·格金 通过分裂法生产细纱线的纺丝装置
CN103882535A (zh) * 2014-04-11 2014-06-25 天津工业大学 一种溶液喷射纺丝模头
CN103882535B (zh) * 2014-04-11 2017-05-17 天津工业大学 一种溶液喷射纺丝模头
CN115151686A (zh) * 2020-02-20 2022-10-04 欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司 熔喷喷嘴设备
CN115151686B (zh) * 2020-02-20 2023-08-18 欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司 熔喷喷嘴设备
WO2023143935A1 (fr) * 2022-01-31 2023-08-03 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de buse de fusion-soufflage pour la production d'une pluralité de brins de fibre à partir d'une masse fondue de polymère
CN115434021A (zh) * 2022-10-08 2022-12-06 无锡市兴盛新材料科技有限公司 一种优化冷却成形的短纤维直纺工艺
CN115434021B (zh) * 2022-10-08 2024-01-05 无锡市兴盛新材料科技有限公司 一种优化冷却成形的短纤维直纺工艺
CN118854469A (zh) * 2024-07-05 2024-10-29 禾欣可乐丽超纤(海盐)有限公司 一种pet超纤合成革生产设备及生产工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0455897B1 (fr) 1993-08-18
JPH04228606A (ja) 1992-08-18
ATE93283T1 (de) 1993-09-15
DE59002398D1 (de) 1993-09-23

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