EP0458817A1 - Dispensateur des lubrifiants pour une cellule galvanique consistant dans anode, cathode et électrolyte pour la production des gazes. - Google Patents

Dispensateur des lubrifiants pour une cellule galvanique consistant dans anode, cathode et électrolyte pour la production des gazes.

Info

Publication number
EP0458817A1
EP0458817A1 EP90902761A EP90902761A EP0458817A1 EP 0458817 A1 EP0458817 A1 EP 0458817A1 EP 90902761 A EP90902761 A EP 90902761A EP 90902761 A EP90902761 A EP 90902761A EP 0458817 A1 EP0458817 A1 EP 0458817A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrolyte according
electrolyte
acid
acids
polybasic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90902761A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0458817B1 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Jorissen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
perma tec GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Satzinger GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Satzinger GmbH and Co filed Critical Satzinger GmbH and Co
Publication of EP0458817A1 publication Critical patent/EP0458817A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0458817B1 publication Critical patent/EP0458817B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen
    • C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen; Production of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds
    • C01B3/042—Decomposition of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B5/00—Electrogenerative processes, i.e. processes for producing compounds in which electricity is generated simultaneously
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N11/00—Arrangements for supplying grease from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated; Grease cups
    • F16N11/10—Arrangements for supplying grease from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated; Grease cups by pressure of another fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/26—Cells without oxidising active material, e.g. Volta cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Definitions

  • Electrolyte for galvanic cells for the production of gases and its use.
  • the present invention relates to an electrolyte for galvanic cells for the production of gases and its use.
  • the anodic dissolution of metals with negative potential preferably zinc
  • suitable electrolytes and cathodic reactions Strong alkaline solutions of metal hydroxides from the first main group are used as electrolytes.
  • the hydroxide complex formation is used for metal decomposition.
  • the alkaline electrolytes used are aggressive and protein-degrading. When it comes into contact with the skin or other parts of the body, lengthy, severe burns result from the depolarization of proteins (alkaline hydrolysis). Wetting the eyes with such electrolytes can lead to loss of eyesight if medical treatment is not started immediately.
  • Alkaline amine or amino salts of simple organic or inorganic acids can also be used.
  • the metal decomposition then forms amine or ammonium complexes.
  • the reproducibility of hydrogen production is insufficient.
  • the use of amino salts also produces largely toxic reaction products.
  • Electrolysis with acidic solutions is known as a further possibility.
  • a low pH below 2
  • the gas development is very stormy.
  • Many active centers are formed on the zinc surface. Smallest initial differences in the crystal structure of the zinc or impurities have a very strong effect. Gas generation can either be inhibited (formation of coatings) or accelerated (formation of active centers). As a result, gas generation is not reproducible.
  • the consumption of acid is significant due to the small volume available, i.e. the amount of the electrolyte must be chosen to be as large as possible so that the change in the pH has only a minimal effect. In most cases, however, it is not possible to accommodate large amounts of electrolyte in the galvanic cells.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electrolyte for galvanic cells for generating gases which is physiologically harmless and whose hazard potential is minimal, whose pH is close to the neutral point and in which the gas development can be reproduced and controlled within sufficient limits.
  • an electrolyte which is a mixture of polybasic acids, their salts and complexing agents.
  • mono- and polybasic acids which at the same time have strong complexing properties, are suitable, preferably phosphoric acid, boric acid, acetic, oxalic, citric, tartaric, malic, lactic acid.
  • combinations of polybasic acids with organic polyfunctional nitrogen-containing carboxylic acids such as. B. ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) can be used. These combinations ensure reproducible cathodic gas generation at a pH between 3 and 10, preferably between 4.5 and 8.5. All of these acids have in common that they are physiologically harmless than the electrolytes usually used in galvanic cells.
  • the complexing agent is to be selected according to further features of the invention so that the greatest possible dissociation constant exists for the metal ions in question, which can lead to poisoning by cathodic means.
  • the choice of the suitable complexing agent prevents the cathodic metal ion deposition within certain limits by masking the cathodically disruptive metals and thus keeps the hydrogen overvoltage and the surface coverage by metals from the solution at a constant level, as a result of which the amount of gas generated per unit of time remains constant.
  • the amount of gas per cathodic surface unit can also be reproduced and predetermined to a sufficient extent.
  • a suitable complexing agent has been found to be ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), disodium salt or nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA).
  • EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
  • NTA nitrilotriacetic acid
  • the electrolyte forms a buffer solution which preferably has a pH between 3 and 10.
  • the amount of the buffer solution is chosen so that the pH does not change during gas generation.
  • a suitable buffer solution consists of tartaric acid and sodium tartate.
  • non-aqueous solvents such as alcohols, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), acid hydrides, cyclic ethers, amines, etc. can be used instead of water.
  • freezing point of the solution is not sufficiently low, then according to further features of the invention this can be lowered using appropriate freezing point depressants. However, preference is given to using those which support complex formation and stabilize the hydrogen overvoltage. According to one feature of the invention, glycerol satisfies these conditions to a sufficient extent.
  • An example of a suitable electrolyte according to the present invention is a combination of 100 g tartaric acid, 10 g NaOH, 300 g glycerol, 200 g ETDA disodium salt, which are made up to 1000 g with water.
  • the electrolyte according to the present invention can be used in particular in galvanic cells for generating gases for the transport of fluid media.
  • galvanic cells for the production of gases can preferably be used in lubricators according to DE-PS2139771, in which the resulting gas expands a hollow body and moves a piston or separating insert that moves the lubricant, usually grease, in a lubricant chamber out and into it Lubrication point or the bearing presses.
  • the electrolyte can also be used for the purpose of gas generation, which in turn acts on pistons, membranes or the like and thus promotes fluid substances. This is particularly advantageous for devices and materials where physiological safety is required.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

Un électrolyte qui est physiologiquement neutre et non dangereux, dont le pH est proche du point neutre, et dans lequel le dégagement de gaz peut être reproduit et contrôlé dans des limites suffisantes, se compose d'un mélange d'acides de préférence multibasiques, de leurs sels et d'agents complexants.
EP90902761A 1989-02-16 1990-02-12 Dispensateur des lubrifiants pour une cellule galvanique consistant dans anode, cathode et électrolyte pour la production des gazes Expired - Lifetime EP0458817B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3904688 1989-02-16
DE3904688 1989-02-16
DE4000811 1990-01-13
DE4000811A DE4000811A1 (de) 1989-02-16 1990-01-13 Elektrolyt fuer galvanische zellen fuer die erzeugung von gasen und seine verwendung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0458817A1 true EP0458817A1 (fr) 1991-12-04
EP0458817B1 EP0458817B1 (fr) 1993-12-22

Family

ID=25877856

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90902761A Expired - Lifetime EP0458817B1 (fr) 1989-02-16 1990-02-12 Dispensateur des lubrifiants pour une cellule galvanique consistant dans anode, cathode et électrolyte pour la production des gazes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0458817B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE99078T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5038490A (fr)
DE (2) DE4000811A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0458817T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2049465T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990009685A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6149793A (en) * 1998-06-04 2000-11-21 Kemet Electronics Corporation Method and electrolyte for anodizing valve metals
US20060131164A1 (en) * 2004-12-20 2006-06-22 General Electric Company Electrolytic hydrogen production method and related systems and electrolytes
FR2904330B1 (fr) * 2006-07-25 2009-01-02 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif d'electrolyse de l'eau et son utilisation pour produire de l'hydrogene

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE23994C (de) * Dr. C. PABST in Stettin Galvanisches Element
BE355478A (fr) * 1927-12-09
DE918454C (de) * 1943-03-17 1954-09-27 Elementa Batteriebau G M B H Verfahren zur elektromotorischen Betaetigung von unedlen, geebenefalls amalgamierten Metallen
DE2139771C3 (de) * 1971-08-09 1979-04-26 Roland 8731 Euerdorf Satzinger Selbsttätig Schmierstoff abgebende Schmierbüchse
US4095015A (en) * 1974-07-15 1978-06-13 Ab S. T. Powercell Galvanic processes and anodes for carrying the processes into effect
US4024322A (en) * 1975-03-24 1977-05-17 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Battery with silicon metal anodes
US3976509A (en) * 1975-04-04 1976-08-24 Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc. Electrolyte compositions
DE2527903C3 (de) * 1975-06-23 1980-06-12 Anibal Armando Prof. Dr. Brasilia Inocencio Elektrochemisches Element
DE2819117C2 (de) * 1978-04-29 1983-01-13 Manfred Dipl.-Phys. 5090 Leverkusen Ritschel Aluminium-Luft-Element
US4561948A (en) * 1984-10-29 1985-12-31 West Virginia University Electrochemical neutralization of acid electrolyte
US4652503A (en) * 1986-03-03 1987-03-24 Gould Inc. Electrochemical power generation
DE3643352A1 (de) * 1986-12-18 1988-06-23 Satzinger Gebhard Gmbh Co Einrichtung zur elektrochemischen erzeugung von gasen zum transport von fluiden medien

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9009685A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0458817B1 (fr) 1993-12-22
DE4000811A1 (de) 1990-08-23
ATE99078T1 (de) 1994-01-15
DK0458817T3 (da) 1994-04-25
ES2049465T3 (es) 1994-04-16
AU5038490A (en) 1990-09-05
DE59003973D1 (de) 1994-02-03
DE4000811C2 (fr) 1991-12-05
WO1990009685A1 (fr) 1990-08-23

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