EP0468390B1 - Procédé et disposition pour former l'embobinage d'une réserve de fil sur les bobines d'une machine textile - Google Patents
Procédé et disposition pour former l'embobinage d'une réserve de fil sur les bobines d'une machine textile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0468390B1 EP0468390B1 EP91112208A EP91112208A EP0468390B1 EP 0468390 B1 EP0468390 B1 EP 0468390B1 EP 91112208 A EP91112208 A EP 91112208A EP 91112208 A EP91112208 A EP 91112208A EP 0468390 B1 EP0468390 B1 EP 0468390B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- thread
- bobbin
- reserve
- sleeve
- thread end
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H54/00—Winding, coiling, or depositing filamentary material
- B65H54/02—Winding and traversing material on to reels, bobbins, tubes, or like package cores or formers
- B65H54/28—Traversing devices; Package-shaping arrangements
- B65H54/34—Traversing devices; Package-shaping arrangements for laying subsidiary winding, e.g. transfer tails
- B65H54/346—Traversing devices; Package-shaping arrangements for laying subsidiary winding, e.g. transfer tails on or outwardly of the fully wound yarn package
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
- B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
- B65H75/04—Kinds or types
- B65H75/08—Kinds or types of circular or polygonal cross-section
- B65H75/10—Kinds or types of circular or polygonal cross-section without flanges, e.g. cop tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
- B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
- B65H75/18—Constructional details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
- B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a thread end reserve on a package, wherein after reaching a certain diameter of the bobbin or quantity of thread, the thread is passed over the outer surface and then back again onto the outer surface of the package.
- End-of-thread reserves in particular in the case of conical sleeves, in which the end-of-thread reserve on the part of the sleeve which is the lesser Has the diameter, is stored, have the disadvantage that when handling the bobbin there is a risk that the thread end reserve slips off the sleeve. This can damage the end of the thread and the advantage of finding the end of the thread more easily is lost.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a method for producing a thread end reserve, with the aid of which it is possible to produce a thread end reserve in particular also with conical sleeves in such a way that the thread end reserve is prevented from detaching from the bobbin.
- the thread end reserve is easy to grasp. This is achieved in that the sleeve is at least touched by the thread of the thread reserve.
- the position of the thread end reserve is defined in relation to the sleeve, so that in particular the automatic search and detection is possible. It is particularly advantageous to deposit the thread at a defined point on the sleeve. This can be done particularly easily when using a sleeve equipped with a groove.
- the search and detection of the thread end reserve is also possible on the outer surface of the bobbin, since the thread end comes to rest on the outer surface of the bobbin.
- the end of the thread end reserve can be securely fixed.
- the end of the thread sticks to the spool with its hairy surface.
- Complex measures and devices, such as have been used so far and which ultimately remained unsatisfactory, can be avoided. It is particularly favorable if the thread end is pressed onto the outer surface of the bobbin after it has been returned to it. This creates an intensive contact that interlocks the thread end with the surface of the bobbin and thereby fixes it. This is done particularly easily by means of the friction roller, which, for example serves to drive the bobbin during the formation of the thread end reserve.
- the thread end reserve is also placed on the sleeve with tension.
- a well tensioned thread end reserve is less likely to slip on the core.
- Another advantage of the formation of the thread end reserve according to the invention is that a substantial part of the thread end reserve can also be laid on the outer surface of the bobbin. As a result, the thread end reserve on the sleeve takes up very little space. In addition, the less thread that is deposited on the sleeve, the smaller the risk of the thread end reserve slipping off the sleeve. If a few turns are deposited, the thread end reserve can be grasped easily and quickly and there is security against the thread end reserve slipping off the sleeve.
- a further advantageous measure is to lay the thread parallel to the edge of the bobbin to form the end thread reserve before it is led down from the outer surface of the bobbin. This prevents the thread on the bobbin from losing its tension, which could loosen the thread end reserve and thereby release it from the sleeve. It is particularly favorable to carry out the parallel laying at a distance from the edge of the spool so that it cannot slip off the spool.
- the bobbin is shut down to form the thread end reserve.
- the thread end reserve is particularly time-saving without having to stop the bobbin or bobbin.
- the thread can advantageously be guided by the thread guide for normal winding.
- the device of DE 3734478 A1 is particularly suitable for this purpose. The thread is then separated after the final thread reserve has been formed.
- a thread end reserve By using a sleeve with a groove, it is possible to form a thread end reserve so that it is largely safe from detaching from the sleeve. This is particularly advantageous with conical sleeves.
- the thread end reserve is usually formed on the part of the sleeve with the smaller diameter, where slipping of the thread end reserve leads to its detachment. This can be prevented by the presence of a groove. This form of diameter change is the cheapest because it does not hinder the rolling of the sleeve on the friction roller.
- a groove extending around the entire circumference of the sleeve is particularly advantageous because the difference in the circumferential length of the groove base and sleeve is as large as possible.
- a piece of thread lying in the groove can only slip out of the groove if it increases in length. However, since it is practically impossible to change the length of the thread, the thread is fixed in the groove. The end thread reserve can thereby be held on the sleeve, since the other turns of the end thread reserve are kept under tension. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the subclaims.
- the conical bobbin of FIG. 1 has a thread reserve 31 formed in a known manner at the larger end of its sleeve 2 and a thread end reserve 4 according to the invention at the other end of the sleeve 2, which is equipped with a groove 20.
- the bobbin is not in it whole width.
- the maintenance machine In order to form the thread end reserve, the maintenance machine then first searches for the thread end of the idle bobbin, the thread end reserve is formed and the bobbin is removed from its winding station.
- the bobbin in FIG. 1 is finished with a thread end reserve 4 and has already been removed from the bobbin.
- thread is first unwound from the bobbin and taken up in a suction device.
- the bobbin is then rotated in the winding direction without laying the thread, whereby parallel turns 41 are formed on the bobbin.
- This defined depositing of the thread prevents a loop which is deposited on the spool without tension from being formed when the thread is brought down to form the thread end reserve.
- the thread is guided laterally over the edge of the bobbin by a thread guide, whereby the thread reserve 4 is wound around the sleeve when the bobbin is rotated further before being guided back in the direction of the bobbin by the thread guide and from there on the bobbin Shell surface 10 is wound.
- the beginning 42 of the parallel windings 41 is shown, where the thread from the normal laying into the parallel turns 41.
- a piece of thread 43 is guided from the parallel turns to the bobbin edge 12.
- the thread end 31 is guided on the lateral surface 10 of the bobbin 1 in the direction of the bobbin center and is deposited thereon.
- the end section 310 of the thread lies against the outer surface 10 of the bobbin. Due to its hairiness, the thread end lies firmly on the outer surface of the bobbin. Since the entire surface of the bobbin is also hairy, there is no danger that the thread end or the end section 310 will become detached from the outer surface 10 of the bobbin.
- the thread end reserve 4 is thereby secured against slipping off the sleeve 2.
- the thread is kept under tension until it is returned to the outer surface of the bobbin. If the thread end reserve is at least slightly under tension, it can be prevented more reliably from detaching from the sleeve.
- the thread end reserve 4 deposited on the sleeve is deposited on the sleeve in a defined manner. This is particularly easy with the help of the groove 20. This defined positioning of the thread end reserve on the sleeve ensures during further processing of the bobbin that the thread end reserve can be found and gripped both by hand and by machine.
- the thread end reserve 4 which runs at a distance from the front end 120 of the bobbin, the parts of the thread end reserve which lead from the bobbin edge 12 to the sleeve 2 and back again have a distance from the end end 120 of the bobbin. This makes it particularly easy to grip, in particular to suck off the thread reserve for further processing of the bobbin.
- the thread end cover By laying the thread end 30 on the outer surface 10 of the bobbin 1, the thread end cover can also be removed from the outer surface of the bobbin.
- Another measure to securely fix the thread end reserve is that, the thread piece 43 and the thread end 30 as much as possible steep angle to the spool edge and from this back to and from the outer surface. For this purpose, it is necessary to lay the parallel windings 41 at a greater distance from the coil edge 12.
- Figure 2 shows a side view of a bobbin similar to that of Figure 1.
- the wrap of the sleeve in Figure 2 is about 2.5 times the circumference the sleeve.
- a crossover between the descending and ascending part of the thread end reserve, as in FIG. 1, is not necessary.
- the thread end 30 deposited on the outer surface of the bobbin loops around the bobbin only to about 1/4 of its circumferential length. A short thread end ensures that the thread end reserve is easily detached from the bobbin.
- a secure hold of the thread end and thus the thread end reserve is ensured in that after the thread end has been placed on the bobbin, the thread end is rolled over by a pressure roller and pressed onto the outer surface. As a result, the thread end interlocks with the surface of the bobbin, so that it does not slide off.
- the drive roller 51 which rotates the bobbin during the thread search, is advantageously used as the pressure roller.
- FIG. 3 shows a side view of a bobbin according to the prior art, in which the thread end reserve 4, after being guided down from the outer surface 10 of the bobbin, is returned to the outer surface without touching the sleeve 2.
- FIG. 4 shows a winding unit 11.
- a coil 1 is held by a coil arm 110. This is raised from its friction roller 111 to stop. Another thread is not replenished by the thread delivery point 112.
- a maintenance carriage 6 has moved into position in front of the winding unit 11. This has means for searching the thread on the stopped spool 1, means for driving the spool and means for laying the thread on the spool. After the bobbin has stopped, after a predetermined length or amount of thread has been wound is, the maintenance carriage 6 has brought itself into position in front of the winding unit. The bobbin is lifted from its normal drive means, the friction roller 111, which can also be used to lay the thread on the bobbin.
- the thread end that has been wound on the outer surface of the bobbin must first be searched for and seized. This is done by supplying the spool with a drive means, the drive roller 51, with which the service vehicle is able to turn the spool in both directions of rotation. Subsequently or at the same time, a means for searching the thread end is delivered to the outer surface of the bobbin from the maintenance trolley. This is the pneumatic suction nozzle 65, which is brought close to the outer surface of the coil and thus sucks the surface thereof. The suction nozzle 65 is designed so that it sucks the entire coil width.
- a monitoring device (not shown), which is arranged within an air duct of the pneumatic suction nozzle, determines when a sufficient amount of thread has been unwound from the bobbin. The suction nozzle then swivels back from the outer surface of the bobbin, thereby forming a thread web 7 extending from the suction of the thread to the outer surface of the bobbin. After a predetermined amount of yarn has been unwound from the bobbin, the drive roller 51 is stopped.
- a thread guide swings into the thread path 7 for laying the thread.
- This is designed as a threaded spindle.
- the thread path 7 is selected such that after the thread 3 has been brought down to form the thread end reserve on the sleeve 2, the thread remains in the region of the thread guide. This ensures that the thread can be guided back onto the outer surface of the bobbin by the thread guide. It is particularly favorable to bring the thread guide close to the surface of the bobbin, because this makes it easier for the thread to be returned to the outer surface.
- the drive roller 51 is set in motion in the opposite direction of rotation, so that the thread is first wound up again on the outer surface of the bobbin.
- the spindle is set in motion, so that the thread is passed over the edge of the bobbin and falls onto the sleeve.
- the resulting excess thread is absorbed by the suction of the pneumatic suction nozzle 65.
- the spool is rotated in the winding direction by the drive roller 51 to form the thread end reserve. Depending on the duration, more or less end thread reserve is formed.
- the spindle is set in motion in the opposite direction, so that the other side of the spindle flank guides the thread over the bobbin edge onto the outer surface of the bobbin.
- the thread is held taut by the suction nozzle during the entire process. Due to the rotating bobbin, the thread previously drawn into the suction nozzle is deposited on the bobbin. If it is to be achieved that as little thread as possible is deposited on the outer surface of the bobbin, the thread can be cut.
- the thread end is wound over by it and thereby securely fixed on the bobbin. This can also be done by lowering the spool onto its friction roller 111, which drives the spool.
- the bobbin can be removed from the bobbin from a bobbin changing carriage or from the maintenance carriage in a known manner and replaced by an empty tube.
- Figure 6 shows a conical crimp sleeve. At its large diameter end it has a marking 25 for receiving the thread reserve. At its end with the smaller diameter, the sleeve is equipped with a change in diameter, which is designed as a groove. This end has a crimp, for better thread running during further processing of the bobbin. For better running of the thread, the area of the flanging 26 is designed so that the thread can run over the end of the sleeve with little friction. With paper cores, this is done by grinding the surface.
- the sleeve 2 is furthermore provided with a particularly good surface quality or with a low coefficient of friction in the area between the groove and the area in which the turns of the bobbin come to rest. This ensures that the thread end reserve comes to rest safely in the area of the groove. If the sleeve is low-friction in the area between the groove and the front end of the bobbin, there is no danger that a thread end reserve thread will be formed outside the groove. This could detach itself from the sleeve over time and slide towards the sleeve end, as a result of which the thread end reserve would lose its tension and there would be a risk of it detaching from the sleeve.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Storage Of Web-Like Or Filamentary Materials (AREA)
Claims (13)
- Procédé pour la formation d'une réserve de fil sur une bobine croisée où, après atteinte d'un diamètre déterminé de la bobine ou d'une quantité déterminée du fil, le fil est mené hors de la surface de la bobine et est ensuite ramené de nouveau sur la surface de la bobine croisée, caractérisé en ce que le fil est posé de façon bien définie sur la surface de la bobine avant d'être mené hors de celle-ci; en ce que le fil est amené en contact avec le tube et que le contact s'effectue dans la zone d'un changement de diamètre du tube si bien que le détachement de la réserve de fil est empêché.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'avant d'être mené hors de la surface de la bobine, le fil est posé en spires parallèles par rapport au bord de la bobine.
- Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins pour un demi tour de la bobine le fil est posé parallèlement par rapport au bord de la bobine.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le fil est mené hors de la surface de la bobine, sur le tube de la bobine croisée et qu'il est ensuite ramené de nouveau sur la surface de la bobine croisée.
- Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le fil est posé sur le tube à plus d'une spire.
- Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le tube est enroulé par le fil à moins de 360°.
- Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'enroulement constitue environ 180°.
- Procédé pour la formation d'une réserve de fil selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la réserve de fil est déposée dans une rainure prévue sur le tube et destinée à recevoir la réserve de fil.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le fil ramené sur la surface de la bobine est pressé sur la surface par un moyen de pression.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'après avoir été ramené sur la surface de la bobine, le fil y est déposé de façon définie.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le fil est maintenu tendu lors de la formation de la réserve et/ou lors du dépôt du bout de fil sur la surface de la bobine.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'après atteinte d'un diamètre de bobine déterminé ou d'une quantité de fil déterminée, la bobine est arrêtée pour la formation de la réserve.
- Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la réserve de fil est effectuée sans que la bobine soit arrêtée auparavant.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4023291A DE4023291A1 (de) | 1990-07-21 | 1990-07-21 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bildung einer fadenendreservewicklung auf spulen an einer textilmaschine |
| DE4023291 | 1990-07-21 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0468390A2 EP0468390A2 (fr) | 1992-01-29 |
| EP0468390A3 EP0468390A3 (en) | 1993-02-10 |
| EP0468390B1 true EP0468390B1 (fr) | 1996-03-20 |
Family
ID=6410794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91112208A Expired - Lifetime EP0468390B1 (fr) | 1990-07-21 | 1991-07-20 | Procédé et disposition pour former l'embobinage d'une réserve de fil sur les bobines d'une machine textile |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0468390B1 (fr) |
| CS (1) | CS225791A3 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE4023291A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1101006A (zh) * | 1992-11-26 | 1995-04-05 | 巴马格股份公司 | 绕纱方法及实施该方法的绕纱装置 |
| DE4415677C2 (de) * | 1993-05-12 | 2001-09-13 | Barmag Barmer Maschf | Verfahren zur Qualitätskennzeichnung einer Fadenspule und Spulvorrichtung |
| US5660343A (en) * | 1993-12-09 | 1997-08-26 | Barmag Ag | Method of marking the end of a yarn wound on a package and apparatus for carrying out the method |
| JP3698873B2 (ja) * | 1997-10-03 | 2005-09-21 | ナブテスコ株式会社 | 糸条パッケージの形成方法および形成装置 |
| DE102007023490A1 (de) | 2007-05-19 | 2008-11-20 | Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Spulvorrichtung einer Kreuzspulen herstellenden Textilmaschine |
| CN103287925A (zh) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-09-11 | 吴江龙纺纺织有限公司 | 一种纺织机纱线筒 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1760243A1 (de) * | 1968-04-23 | 1971-12-09 | Palitex Project Co Gmbh | Verfahren beim Spulen einer Kreuzspule und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT138994B (de) * | 1932-11-22 | 1934-10-10 | Schlafhorst & Co W | Verfahren und Einrichtung für Spulmaschinen zum Festlegen des Fadenendes. |
| DE1857414U (de) * | 1962-04-24 | 1962-08-23 | Jose Jungbecker | Konische garnhuelse aus kunststoff. |
| CH427597A (de) * | 1964-09-02 | 1966-12-31 | Hamel Edmund | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Absondern von Fadenanfängen beim Aufwärtszwirnen |
| FR1574364A (fr) * | 1967-07-14 | 1969-07-11 | ||
| GB1276006A (en) * | 1969-02-10 | 1972-06-01 | Guinness Son & Co Ltd A | Enzymes |
| FR2151439A5 (fr) * | 1971-07-06 | 1973-04-20 | Ugine Kuhlmann | |
| CH552530A (de) * | 1972-06-09 | 1974-08-15 | Schweizerische Viscose | Aufwickelvorrichtung. |
| CS164621B1 (fr) * | 1973-08-27 | 1975-11-07 | ||
| DE2420564C2 (de) * | 1974-04-27 | 1984-12-06 | F.M.N. Schuster GmbH & Co KG, 5030 Hürth | Vorrichtung zur Bildung einer Fadenreserve beim Anspulen eines Fadens auf einer Spulenhülse |
| DE2506930C2 (de) * | 1975-02-19 | 1987-01-29 | W. Schlafhorst & Co, 4050 Mönchengladbach | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bilden einer Fadenreserve aus dem Fadenende einer Textilspule |
| US4351491A (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1982-09-28 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Yarn package support tube |
| DE3616753A1 (de) * | 1985-05-25 | 1987-01-08 | Barmag Barmer Maschf | Aufspulmaschine |
| DE3602574C2 (de) * | 1986-01-29 | 1997-06-12 | Schlafhorst & Co W | Kreuzspulen herstellende Maschine mit Vorrichtung zur Bildung einer Fadenendreserve auf einer fertig gewickelten Spule |
| DE3737122C3 (de) * | 1986-11-06 | 2001-06-21 | Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnerei | Verfahren zum Positionieren eines Faden-Abwickelanfangsstückes und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens |
| DE3801965A1 (de) * | 1988-01-23 | 1989-07-27 | Schlafhorst & Co W | Verfahren und einrichtung zum raschen wiederherstellen des spinnbetriebs |
| DE3923305C2 (de) * | 1988-07-25 | 1997-06-12 | Barmag Barmer Maschf | Zylindrische Spulhülse |
| DD285493A7 (de) * | 1989-04-13 | 1990-12-19 | Veb Pirol Loessnitz,Dd | Huelse zum aufwickeln von schmelzgesponnenen faeden mit hoher geschwindigkeit |
| DE3922719A1 (de) * | 1989-07-11 | 1991-01-17 | Sahm Georg Fa | Vorrichtung zur bildung einer fadenreserve in parallelwicklung auf der huelse einer spule einer spulmaschine |
-
1990
- 1990-07-21 DE DE4023291A patent/DE4023291A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1991
- 1991-07-19 CS CS912257A patent/CS225791A3/cs unknown
- 1991-07-20 EP EP91112208A patent/EP0468390B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-07-20 DE DE59107567T patent/DE59107567D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1760243A1 (de) * | 1968-04-23 | 1971-12-09 | Palitex Project Co Gmbh | Verfahren beim Spulen einer Kreuzspule und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4023291A1 (de) | 1992-05-14 |
| EP0468390A2 (fr) | 1992-01-29 |
| EP0468390A3 (en) | 1993-02-10 |
| CS225791A3 (en) | 1992-02-19 |
| DE59107567D1 (de) | 1996-04-25 |
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