EP0468390A2 - Procédé et disposition pour former l'embobinage d'une réserve de fil sur les bobines d'une machine textile - Google Patents

Procédé et disposition pour former l'embobinage d'une réserve de fil sur les bobines d'une machine textile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0468390A2
EP0468390A2 EP91112208A EP91112208A EP0468390A2 EP 0468390 A2 EP0468390 A2 EP 0468390A2 EP 91112208 A EP91112208 A EP 91112208A EP 91112208 A EP91112208 A EP 91112208A EP 0468390 A2 EP0468390 A2 EP 0468390A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thread
sleeve
bobbin
reserve
groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91112208A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0468390A3 (en
EP0468390B1 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Greis
Walter Mayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rieter Ingolstadt GmbH
Original Assignee
Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau AG
Schubert und Salzer Maschinenfabrik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau AG, Schubert und Salzer Maschinenfabrik AG filed Critical Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnereimaschinenbau AG
Publication of EP0468390A2 publication Critical patent/EP0468390A2/fr
Publication of EP0468390A3 publication Critical patent/EP0468390A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0468390B1 publication Critical patent/EP0468390B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H54/00—Winding, coiling, or depositing filamentary material
    • B65H54/02—Winding and traversing material on to reels, bobbins, tubes, or like package cores or formers
    • B65H54/28—Traversing devices; Package-shaping arrangements
    • B65H54/34—Traversing devices; Package-shaping arrangements for laying subsidiary winding, e.g. transfer tails
    • B65H54/346—Traversing devices; Package-shaping arrangements for laying subsidiary winding, e.g. transfer tails on or outwardly of the fully wound yarn package
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
    • B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
    • B65H75/04—Kinds or types
    • B65H75/08—Kinds or types of circular or polygonal cross-section
    • B65H75/10—Kinds or types of circular or polygonal cross-section without flanges, e.g. cop tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
    • B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
    • B65H75/18—Constructional details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for forming a thread end reserve winding on bobbins on a textile machine, in which a thread end reserve is formed on the bobbin after winding the bobbin with a predetermined length or amount of thread, and a device for performing the method.
  • the invention relates to a sleeve for winding yarn into a bobbin, and for receiving at least one thread end reserve between the end of the sleeve and the end face of the bobbin winding, and a method for producing the sleeve.
  • End-of-thread reserves in particular in the case of conical sleeves in which the end-of-thread reserve is deposited on the part of the sleeve which has the smaller diameter, have the disadvantage that when handling the bobbin there is a risk that the end-of-thread reserve will slide off the sleeve. This can damage the end of the thread, and the advantage of finding the end of the thread more easily is lost.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide methods and devices with the aid of which it is possible to manufacture a thread end reserve, particularly also in the case of conical sleeves, in such a way that the thread end reserve is prevented from detaching from the bobbin. As well as a sleeve for receiving the thread end reserve.
  • the end of the thread end reserve can be securely fixed.
  • the end of the thread sticks to the spool with its hairy surface.
  • Complex measures and devices, such as have been used so far and which ultimately remained unsatisfactory, can be avoided. It is sufficient to guide the thread end onto the sleeve. Exact positioning on the sleeve near the gusset between sleeve and coil is not necessary. It is particularly favorable if the thread end is pressed onto the outer surface of the bobbin after it has been returned to it. This creates an intensive contact that interlocks the thread end with the surface of the bobbin and thereby fixes it. This is done particularly easily by means of the friction roller, which e.g. serves to drive the bobbin during the formation of the thread end reserve.
  • the thread end reserve is easy to grasp. This is achieved in that the sleeve is at least touched by the thread of the thread end reser.
  • the position of the thread end reserve is defined in relation to the sleeve, so that in particular the automatic search and detection is possible. It is particularly advantageous to deposit the thread at a defined point on the sleeve. This can be done particularly easily when using a device according to the invention, e.g. with a groove, equipped sleeve.
  • the search and detection of the thread end reserve is also possible on the outer surface of the bobbin, since the thread end comes to lie on the outer surface of the bobbin.
  • the thread end reserve is also placed on the sleeve with tension.
  • a well-tensioned thread end reserve is less likely to slip on the tube.
  • Another advantage of the formation of the thread end reserve according to the invention is that a substantial part of the thread end reserve can also be laid on the outer surface of the bobbin. As a result, the thread end reserve on the sleeve takes up very little space. There is also the danger of the thread end reserve slipping off the smaller the thread, the less thread is deposited on the sleeve. If a few turns are deposited, the thread end reserve can be grasped easily and quickly and there is security against the thread end reserve slipping off the sleeve.
  • a further advantageous measure is to lay the thread parallel to the edge of the bobbin in order to form the thread end reserve before it is led down from the outer surface of the bobbin. This prevents the thread from losing its tension on the bobbin, which could loosen the end thread reserve and thereby loosen it from the sleeve. It is particularly expedient to carry out the parallel laying at a distance from the edge of the coil so that it cannot slip off the coil.
  • the bobbin is shut down to form the thread end reserve.
  • the thread end reserve is particularly time-saving without having to stop the bobbin or bobbin.
  • the thread can advantageously be guided by the thread guide for normal winding.
  • the device of DE 3734478 A1 is particularly suitable for this purpose. The separation of the thread then takes place after the formation of the thread end reserve.
  • a thread end reserve By using a sleeve according to the invention, it is possible to form a thread end reserve in such a way that it is largely safe from being detached from the sleeve.
  • the inventive design of the coil sleeve is particularly advantageous in the case of conical sleeves.
  • the thread end reserve is usually formed on the part of the sleeve with the smaller diameter where slipping of the thread end reserve leads to its detachment. This can be prevented by the presence of a groove. This form of diameter change is the cheapest because it does not hinder the rolling of the sleeve on the friction roller.
  • a groove extending around the entire circumference of the sleeve is particularly advantageous because the difference in the circumferential length of the groove base and sleeve is as large as possible.
  • a piece of thread lying in the groove can only slip out of the groove if it increases in length. However, since it is practically impossible to change the length of the thread, the thread is fixed in the groove. The end thread reserve can thereby be held on the sleeve, since the other turns of the end thread reserve are kept under tension. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the subclaims.
  • the conical spool of FIG. 1 has a thread reserve 31 formed in a known manner at the larger end of its sleeve 2 and a thread end reserve 4 according to the invention at the other end of the sleeve 2, which is equipped with a groove 20 according to the invention.
  • the spool is not in shown their full width.
  • the maintenance machine In order to form the thread end reserve, the maintenance machine then first searches for the thread end of the idle bobbin, the thread end reserve is formed and the bobbin is removed from its winding station.
  • the bobbin in FIG. 1 is finished with a thread end reserve 4 and has already been removed from the bobbin.
  • thread is first unwound from the spool and taken up in a suction device.
  • the bobbin is then rotated in the winding direction without laying the thread, causing parallel turns 41 on the bobbin. be formed.
  • This defined storage of the thread avoids that when the thread is brought down to form the thread end reserve, a loop that is deposited on the coil without voltage.
  • the thread is guided laterally over the edge of the bobbin by a thread guide, whereby the thread reserve 4 is wound around the sleeve as the bobbin is rotated further, before it is led back in the direction of the bobbin by the thread guide and from there on it Shell surface 10 is wound.
  • the beginning 42 of the parallel turns 41 is shown, where the thread passes from the normal laying into the parallel turns 41.
  • a piece of thread 43 is guided from the parallel turns to the bobbin edge 12.
  • the thread end 31 is guided on the lateral surface 10 of the bobbin 1 in the direction of the bobbin center and deposited thereon.
  • the end section 310 of the thread lies against the outer surface 10 of the bobbin. Due to its hairiness, the thread end lies firmly on the surface of the bobbin. Since the entire surface of the bobbin is also hairy, there is no danger that the thread end or the end section 310 will become detached from the outer surface 10 of the bobbin.
  • the thread end reserve 4 is thereby secured against slipping off the sleeve 2.
  • the thread is kept under tension until it is returned to the outer surface of the bobbin. If the thread end reserve is at least slightly under tension, it can be more reliably prevented from detaching from the sleeve.
  • the thread end reserve 4 deposited on the sleeve is deposited on the sleeve in a defined manner. This is particularly easy with the help of the groove 20. This defined positioning of the thread end reserve on the sleeve ensures during further processing of the bobbin that the thread end reserve can be found and gripped both by hand and by machine.
  • the thread end reserve 4 which runs at a distance from the end bobbin end 120, the parts of the thread end reserve which lead from the bobbin edge 12 to the sleeve 2 and back again have a distance from the end end 120 of the bobbin. This makes it particularly easy to grip, in particular to suck off the thread end reserve for further processing of the bobbin.
  • the thread end cover By laying the thread end 30 on the outer surface 10 of the bobbin 1, the thread end cover can also be removed from the outer surface of the bobbin.
  • Another measure to securely fix the thread end reserve is to guide the thread piece 43 and the thread end 30 with the steepest possible angle to and from the bobbin edge back to and from the outer surface. For this purpose, it is necessary to lay the parallel windings 41 at a greater distance from the coil edge 12.
  • Figure 2 shows a side view of a bobbin similar to that of Figure 1.
  • the wrap of the sleeve in Figure 2 is about 2.5 times the circumference of the Sleeve. It is not necessary to cross over between the descending and ascending part of the thread reserve, as in FIG. 1.
  • the thread end 30 deposited on the outer surface of the bobbin loops around the bobbin only to about 1/4 of its circumferential length. A short thread end ensures that the thread end reserve is easily detached from the bobbin.
  • a secure hold of the thread end and thus the thread end reserve is ensured in that after the thread end has been placed on the spool, the thread end is rolled over by a pressure roller and pressed onto the outer surface. As a result, the thread end interlocks with the surface of the bobbin so that it does not slide off.
  • the drive roller 51 which rotates the bobbin during the thread search, is advantageously used as the pressure roller.
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of a bobbin, in which the thread end reserve 4 is guided back to the outer surface after being guided down from the outer surface 10 of the bobbin without touching the sleeve 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows a winding unit 11.
  • a coil 1 is held by a coil arm 110. This is lifted from its friction roller 111 to stop. Another thread is not replenished by the thread delivery point 112.
  • a maintenance carriage 6 has moved into position in front of the winding unit 11. This has means for searching the thread on the stopped bobbin 1, means for driving the bobbin and means for laying the thread on the bobbin. After the bobbin has stopped, after a predetermined thread length or a predetermined thread quantity has been wound up, the maintenance carriage 6 has automatically brought itself into position in front of the winding point. The bobbin is lifted from its normal drive means, the friction roller 111, which can also be used to lay the thread on the bobbin.
  • the thread end that has been wound on the outer surface of the bobbin must first be searched for and seized the. This is done by supplying the spool with a drive means, the drive roller 51, with which the service vehicle is able to turn the spool in both directions of rotation. Subsequently or at the same time, a means for searching the thread end is delivered to the outer surface of the bobbin from the maintenance car. This is the pneumatic suction nozzle 65, which is brought close to the outer surface of the coil, and thus sucks the surface thereof. The suction nozzle 65 is designed so that it sucks the entire coil width.
  • a monitoring device (not shown), which is arranged within an air duct of the pneumatic suction nozzle, determines when a sufficient amount of thread has been unwound from the bobbin. The suction nozzle then swivels back from the outer surface of the bobbin, thereby forming a thread web 7 extending from the suction of the thread to the outer surface of the bobbin. After a predetermined amount of yarn has been unwound from the bobbin, the drive roller 51 is stopped.
  • a thread guide swings into the thread path 7 for laying the thread.
  • This is designed as a threaded spindle.
  • the thread path 7 is selected such that after the thread 3 has been brought down to form the thread end reserve on the sleeve 2, the thread remains in the region of the thread guide. This ensures that the thread can be guided back onto the outer surface of the bobbin by the thread guide. It is particularly favorable to bring the thread guide close to the surface of the bobbin, because this makes it easier to return the thread to the outer surface.
  • the drive roller 51 is set in motion in the opposite direction of rotation, so that the thread is first wound up again on the outer surface of the bobbin.
  • the spindle is set in motion so that the thread is passed over the edge of the bobbin and falls onto the sleeve.
  • the resulting excess thread is absorbed by the suction of the pneumatic suction nozzle 65.
  • the spool is rotated in the winding direction by the drive roller 51 to form the thread end reserve. Depending on the duration, more or less thread reserve is formed.
  • the spindle is set in motion in the opposite direction, so that the thread is guided with the other side of the spindle flank over the bobbin edge onto the outer surface of the bobbin.
  • the thread is kept taut by the suction nozzle during the entire process. Due to the rotating bobbin, the thread previously sucked into the suction nozzle is deposited on the bobbin. If it is to be achieved that as little thread as possible is deposited on the outer surface of the bobbin, the thread can be cut.
  • the thread end is wound over by it and thereby securely fixed on the bobbin. This can also be done by lowering the spool onto its friction roller 111, which drives the spool.
  • the bobbin can be removed from the bobbin from a bobbin changing carriage or from the maintenance carriage in a known manner and replaced by an empty tube.
  • FIG. 6 shows a sleeve 2 according to the invention.
  • This is designed here as a conical crimp sleeve.
  • the sleeve according to the invention is equipped with a change in diameter, which is designed as a groove.
  • This end has a crimp, for better thread running during further processing of the bobbin.
  • the area of the flange 26 is designed so that the thread with little friction can run over the end of the sleeve. With paper cores, this is done by grinding the surface.
  • the groove according to the invention is arranged in this area.
  • the sleeve 2 according to the invention is furthermore provided with a particularly good surface quality or with a low coefficient of friction in the area between the groove and the area in which the turns of the bobbin come to rest. This ensures that the thread end reserve comes to rest safely in the area of the groove. If the sleeve is low-friction in the area between the groove and the front end of the bobbin, there is no risk that a thread end reserve thread will be formed outside the groove. This could detach itself from the sleeve over time and slide towards the end of the sleeve, as a result of which the thread end reserve would lose its tension and there would be a risk of it detaching from the sleeve.
  • FIG. 7a shows a conical sleeve end, in which, in addition to the area of the sleeve end, which is equipped with a low coefficient of friction for better running, the sleeve, contrary to the conventional design, where it is kept rough in the area of a thread reserve, also this area with a low coefficient of friction Is provided. This supports the effectiveness of the groove in a special way and ensures that the thread end reserve is securely set. This area is shown hatched. Here, too, the low coefficient of friction can e.g. for paper tubes by grinding the tube.
  • the low coefficient of friction ensures that, in conjunction with the thread tension, the thread slides along the slope of the conical sleeve in the direction of the groove and is immediately deposited in it. This will surely prevent the thread end reserve from being released later.
  • Figure 7b shows the thinner end of a conical sleeve, which is not designed as a crimp sleeve. It has a groove 20 according to the invention in the area of the storage of the thread end reserve, which has a steep rise on the side facing the sleeve end, while on the other side it has a flat transition to the surface of the sleeve. This ensures that the thread also slides more easily into the groove and the thread end reserve is securely fixed.
  • the coefficient of friction of the sleeve surface can also be reduced here.
  • the formation of the groove base with a higher coefficient of friction ensures that the thread is carried along by the sleeve when the thread end reserve turns are formed, so that the turns of the thread end reserve are fixed with tension on the sleeve.
  • FIG. 8 shows a cylindrical sleeve 2 designed according to the invention.
  • One end is crimped and equipped with a groove to accommodate the thread end reserve.
  • the area between the groove and the turns of the coil is treated in such a way that the coefficient of friction is reduced compared to the area for depositing the coil turns. In the case of paper tubes in particular, this is essentially done by grinding the surface. Subsequent painting can reduce the coefficient of friction even further.
  • the groove-shaped marking for storing the thread start reserve.
  • the sleeve As a paper sleeve.
  • This also has the advantage that the groove can be easily manufactured.
  • the sleeve is received by an internal mandrel and the groove is pressed into the surface of the sleeve from the outside by a pressing tool.
  • Another way of producing the groove is to roll over the end of the sleeve using a tool that presses in the groove. It is particularly favorable to design the flare so that it extends inside the sleeve to below the groove.
  • the end of the sleeve is ground to reduce the coefficient of friction. Subsequent smoothing prevents the coefficient of friction from being reduced in the groove as well. This is advantageous for grasping the thread through the sleeve when forming the thread end reserve.
  • Figures 9a and 9b show ends of sleeves 2, in which the groove 20 is wedge-shaped.
  • the wedge angle of FIG. 9b is smaller than that of FIG. 9a in that the sleeve base extends obliquely below the surface of the sleeve.
  • the wedge-shaped groove 20 enables the thread of the thread end reserve to wedge in the groove 20 and thereby clamps.
  • the wedge-shaped groove can also be designed symmetrically.
  • the dimensions for the groove are also determined by the thickness of the thread forming the thread reserve. In order for the turns to wedge, the groove must be so deep that several layers of threads can be placed in it. This requires a depth of more than twice the thickness of the thread. Regardless of the depth of the groove itself, it is particularly advantageous if the groove base extends deeper than 0.5 mm as the extension of the surface line of the groove. This ensures trouble-free rolling of the sleeve on its friction roller.
  • the thread end reserve can be used simply by using those equipped according to the invention Be fixed, since the thread end is jammed with a winding of the thread end reserve already lying in the groove in connection with the groove wall. An even better hold of the thread end reserve is achieved if it is additionally formed by the method according to the invention, in which the thread is fed back onto the outer surface of the bobbin.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Storage Of Web-Like Or Filamentary Materials (AREA)
EP91112208A 1990-07-21 1991-07-20 Procédé et disposition pour former l'embobinage d'une réserve de fil sur les bobines d'une machine textile Expired - Lifetime EP0468390B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4023291A DE4023291A1 (de) 1990-07-21 1990-07-21 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bildung einer fadenendreservewicklung auf spulen an einer textilmaschine
DE4023291 1990-07-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0468390A2 true EP0468390A2 (fr) 1992-01-29
EP0468390A3 EP0468390A3 (en) 1993-02-10
EP0468390B1 EP0468390B1 (fr) 1996-03-20

Family

ID=6410794

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91112208A Expired - Lifetime EP0468390B1 (fr) 1990-07-21 1991-07-20 Procédé et disposition pour former l'embobinage d'une réserve de fil sur les bobines d'une machine textile

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0468390B1 (fr)
CS (1) CS225791A3 (fr)
DE (2) DE4023291A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1995200A3 (fr) * 2007-05-19 2012-04-04 Oerlikon Textile GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de bobinage d'une machine textile produisant des bobines croisées
CN103287925A (zh) * 2013-07-05 2013-09-11 吴江龙纺纺织有限公司 一种纺织机纱线筒

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1101006A (zh) * 1992-11-26 1995-04-05 巴马格股份公司 绕纱方法及实施该方法的绕纱装置
DE4415677C2 (de) * 1993-05-12 2001-09-13 Barmag Barmer Maschf Verfahren zur Qualitätskennzeichnung einer Fadenspule und Spulvorrichtung
WO1995015907A1 (fr) * 1993-12-09 1995-06-15 Barmag Ag Procede et dispositif pour le marquage de l'extremite d'un fil enroule sur une bobine
JP3698873B2 (ja) * 1997-10-03 2005-09-21 ナブテスコ株式会社 糸条パッケージの形成方法および形成装置

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DE1857414U (de) * 1962-04-24 1962-08-23 Jose Jungbecker Konische garnhuelse aus kunststoff.
CH427597A (de) * 1964-09-02 1966-12-31 Hamel Edmund Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Absondern von Fadenanfängen beim Aufwärtszwirnen
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DE3616753A1 (de) * 1985-05-25 1987-01-08 Barmag Barmer Maschf Aufspulmaschine
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DE3737122C3 (de) * 1986-11-06 2001-06-21 Rieter Ingolstadt Spinnerei Verfahren zum Positionieren eines Faden-Abwickelanfangsstückes und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
DE3801965A1 (de) * 1988-01-23 1989-07-27 Schlafhorst & Co W Verfahren und einrichtung zum raschen wiederherstellen des spinnbetriebs
DE3923305C2 (de) * 1988-07-25 1997-06-12 Barmag Barmer Maschf Zylindrische Spulhülse
DD285493A7 (de) * 1989-04-13 1990-12-19 Veb Pirol Loessnitz,Dd Huelse zum aufwickeln von schmelzgesponnenen faeden mit hoher geschwindigkeit
DE3922719A1 (de) * 1989-07-11 1991-01-17 Sahm Georg Fa Vorrichtung zur bildung einer fadenreserve in parallelwicklung auf der huelse einer spule einer spulmaschine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1995200A3 (fr) * 2007-05-19 2012-04-04 Oerlikon Textile GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif de fonctionnement d'un dispositif de bobinage d'une machine textile produisant des bobines croisées
CN103287925A (zh) * 2013-07-05 2013-09-11 吴江龙纺纺织有限公司 一种纺织机纱线筒

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59107567D1 (de) 1996-04-25
EP0468390A3 (en) 1993-02-10
DE4023291A1 (de) 1992-05-14
EP0468390B1 (fr) 1996-03-20
CS225791A3 (en) 1992-02-19

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