EP0472009B1 - Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement avec deux corps de traitement de gaz l'un après l'autre - Google Patents

Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement avec deux corps de traitement de gaz l'un après l'autre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0472009B1
EP0472009B1 EP91112673A EP91112673A EP0472009B1 EP 0472009 B1 EP0472009 B1 EP 0472009B1 EP 91112673 A EP91112673 A EP 91112673A EP 91112673 A EP91112673 A EP 91112673A EP 0472009 B1 EP0472009 B1 EP 0472009B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
gas treatment
woven material
bodies
treatment bodies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91112673A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0472009A1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Dipl.-Ing. Wirth
Siegfried Wörner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0472009A1 publication Critical patent/EP0472009A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0472009B1 publication Critical patent/EP0472009B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
    • F01N3/2857—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing the mats or gaskets being at least partially made of intumescent material, e.g. unexpanded vermiculite

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for cleaning internal combustion engine exhaust gases, in which at least two spaced-apart exhaust gas treatment bodies are held one behind the other in a housing in the longitudinal direction and in which a wire mesh is provided which is placed in the mutually facing end regions of the two exhaust gas treatment bodies around their peripheral surfaces and bridging their distance.
  • Such devices with ceramic monoliths which are provided with a catalytically active coating, are known as exhaust gas treatment bodies.
  • exhaust gas treatment bodies are characterized in particular by the fact that two exhaust gas treatment bodies arranged one behind the other are easier to manufacture and cheaper than a correspondingly longer exhaust gas treatment body and that the cleaning effect is better because behind the first exhaust gas treatment body the partially cleaned exhaust gas is new across the flow cross section mixes before flowing through the second exhaust treatment body.
  • DE-A-38 35 841 results in an arrangement in which the holding of two exhaust gas treatment bodies arranged one behind the other is carried out by a wire mesh that is placed in the facing end regions of the two exhaust gas treatment bodies around their surface and bridges their distance.
  • a similar arrangement is also shown in EP-A-0 415 101, in which a wire mesh mat is arranged as a shielding ring in the bridging area. Both arrangements are wire mesh arrangements without a recognizable thread course. They are used to hold the exhaust gas treatment body and are covered by another mat, e.g. a swelling mat, pressed on or are so thick that they fill the space between the housing and the exhaust gas treatment body. These mats are complex and do not provide adequate outflow protection (barrier effect).
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic exhaust gas purification device with a bridging wire mesh in the space between the two exhaust gas treatment bodies, the low cost and a barrier effect against outflow of exhaust gas from the space between the two exhaust gas treatment bodies advantageously combines.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 1 or alternatively of claim 2.
  • exhaust gas treatment body primarily means ceramic or metallic bodies provided with a catalytically active coating and / or particle filter bodies, which can consist of metallic or ceramic material.
  • Particle filters are also known to consist of several filter elements, which together form the filter in their arrangement; Such arrangements are also included in the term “exhaust gas treatment body”. It is understood that the exhaust gas treatment bodies are designed so that the exhaust gas can flow through them.
  • the wire mesh is in a single layer, usually with some overlap at the peripheral end portions around the peripheral end portions of the two exhaust treatment bodies laid around.
  • the scope of the invention also includes designs in which the wire mesh is laid around essentially twice or even more often.
  • the expression “circumferential surfaces” does not mean that the exhaust gas treatment bodies have to be circular in cross section. "Circumference” is only intended to denote that part of the surface of the exhaust gas treatment body in question that is not the entry end face and not the exit end face.
  • Preferred cross-sectional shapes of the exhaust gas treatment bodies are circular, oval, elliptical, rounded with a square, rounded with a triangle. Because of the largely rationalization effect, embodiments of the device according to the invention are preferred in which there is no other distance bridging ring between the edge regions of the mutually facing end faces of the two exhaust gas treatment bodies.
  • Wire mesh is naturally not gas-tight. Nevertheless, the wire mesh laid around provides a certain flow barrier for the exhaust gas against flowing out of the distance area between the two exhaust gas treatment bodies For higher requirements, however, it can be favorable to provide one or more layers of a ceramic fiber fabric or a glass fiber fabric around the wire mesh. It is advantageous if the last-mentioned fabric is at least a little longer in the longitudinal direction than the wire fabric, so that the two end edges of the wire fabric are covered.
  • the two exhaust gas treatment bodies are held in the housing by means of a mounting mat which also bridges their distance and overlaps the wire mesh.
  • the arrangement of exhaust gas treatment bodies, the wire-bridging wire mesh lying around and the mounting mat lying over it can be combined with the housing in a simple and efficient manner to assemble the device.
  • the mounting mat forms a continuous heat insulation layer between the exhaust gas treatment bodies or the exhaust gas-flowed space of the device and the housing, so that the exhaust gas treatment bodies desirably quickly reach and maintain their operating temperature and that the exterior of the housing does not desirably become excessively hot.
  • the term “superimposed” should not necessarily mean that they lie directly on top of one another, rather one or more intermediate layers may still be present between the exhaust gas treatment bodies and the wire mesh on the one hand and the mounting mat on the other hand. It is even particularly preferred if, in particular, a ceramic fiber fabric or a glass fiber fabric is laid around on the inside of the mounting mat.
  • a ceramic fiber fabric or a glass fiber fabric is laid around on the inside of the mounting mat.
  • relative sliding movements between the housing with mounting mat on the one hand and the arrangement of exhaust gas treatment bodies and wire mesh on the other hand are easier; this is of particular importance for the behavior of the device under temperature changes between operating temperature and non-operating temperature.
  • the housing is usually made of sheet metal and therefore expands quite considerably at the comparatively high operating temperature the exhaust gas treatment bodies, especially if they are made of ceramic, practically do not stretch when the temperature rises.
  • the state that the wire mesh assumes in the space between the two exhaust gas treatment bodies after the assembly of the device depends primarily on the resistance to deformation of the wire mesh and on the pressure that the mounting mat, which is normally compressed between the housing and the exhaust gas treatment bodies, depends on from the outside exercises the wire mesh.
  • a first option high resistance to deformation of the wire mesh, relatively low pressure exerted by the mounting mat
  • the exhaust gas treatment bodies and the wire mesh are held by the "pre-tensioning" of the mounting mat against longitudinal displacement relative to the housing, with the exception of the relative movement described above in the case of thermal expansions and thermal contractions.
  • the wire mesh In a second possibility (pressure exerted by the mounting mat so large that the wire mesh is slightly deformed inward in the spacing area), the wire mesh assumes a position in the assembled state in which it is pressed a little inward in the spacing space, so that this results in a certain amount positive, additional fixation of the distance between the two exhaust gas treatment bodies arises. Incidents are possible, in particular the formation of a small step of the wire mesh at the transition from the peripheral surface of the exhaust gas treatment body in question to the spacing area.
  • Inflatable mats which are known per se, consist essentially of ceramic fibers with mica embedding. As a result of the mica deposits, the inflatable mat tends to expand as the temperature rises, as a result of which the exhaust gas treatment body is held particularly securely even at higher temperatures of the device. It is pointed out that the inflatable mat does not necessarily extend over the length of the two exhaust gas treatment bodies, including the spacing area must, but can be divided into several inflatable mats, in particular one inflatable mat per exhaust gas treatment body. However, it is particularly preferred if the inflatable mat extends in the longitudinal direction, as described above in connection with the mounting mat.
  • the housing in front of the exhaust gas treatment bodies has a first transition area that widens in the flow direction and behind the exhaust gas treatment bodies has a second transition area that narrows in the flow direction; that an inner housing part is provided in the transition region, which ends close to the adjacent exhaust gas treatment body; and that an insulating mat is arranged in a circumferential space between the respective housing part and the housing.
  • the insulating mats can each bridge the gap between the inner housing part and the adjacent exhaust gas treatment body, and the respective insulating mat can be protected on the inside in the gap area by a ceramic fiber fabric or by a glass fiber fabric. It is particularly preferred if the ceramic fiber fabric or the glass fiber fabric passes from the first gap area over the first exhaust gas treatment body, the metal fabric for the distance between the exhaust gas treatment bodies and the second exhaust gas treatment body up to the second gap area.
  • the longitudinal direction of the device which has been mentioned several times in the preceding description, generally coincides at least essentially with the general gas flow direction in the device.
  • the wires of the wire mesh are preferably very thin and in most cases lie in a diameter range from 0.04 to 0.6 mm.
  • the larger wire thicknesses are particularly suitable for those wire fabrics which are woven from thicker and thinner wires and are used in such a way that the thicker wires run essentially in the longitudinal direction of the device.
  • the illustrated exhaust gas purification device 2 has a housing 4 made of sheet steel, which is essentially cylindrical in the central region and is substantially frustoconical in shape on the right and left in FIG. 1. Seen in cross section, the housing 4 consists of two half-shells each with two outwardly bent longitudinal edges 6, which are welded to the longitudinal seam 8 when the device 2 is assembled. The two essentially frustoconical areas are called first transition area 10 (left in FIG. 1) and second transition area 12 (right in FIG. 1).
  • An inner housing part 14 is provided in the transition regions 10 and 12, which is welded to the housing 4 at the inlet end or at the outlet end of the device 2 and ends at the other end close to an adjacent exhaust gas treatment body 16. With the exception of the respective area where the inner housing part 14 is welded to the housing 4, there is a circumferential spacing space between the inner housing part 14 and the housing 4. An insulating mat 18 is arranged in each of these spacing spaces. The insulating mat extends in each case over the gap area 20 between the relevant inner housing part 14 and the relevant exhaust gas treatment body 16 and surrounds a part of the inlet-side or outlet-side peripheral surface of the relevant exhaust gas treatment body 16.
  • the two exhaust gas treatment bodies 16 are held in the housing 4 at a mutual spacing 22 by means of a swelling mat 24 which is passed around between the two insulating mats 18.
  • the housing 4 has various circumferential beads.
  • the inner housing parts 14 also have a circumferential bead in their end regions closer to the exhaust gas treatment bodies 16.
  • a wire mesh 26 is placed in their mutually facing end regions, which bridges the distance region 22 between the two exhaust gas treatment bodies 16.
  • the exhaust gas treatment bodies are drawn uncut. It can be seen in the more central area of the device how the wire mesh 26 bridges the spacing area between the two exhaust gas treatment bodies 16, and further up or down in FIG. 1 it can be seen how the wire mesh 26 covers a part of the peripheral surface of the exhaust gas treatment body 16 in question.
  • the variant above in FIG. 1 is a wire mesh that is woven from thicker wires running in the longitudinal direction of the device 2 and from thinner wires running in the circumferential direction.
  • Such a wire mesh is well bendable parallel to the thicker wires, so that it can be easily laid around the exhaust gas treatment body 16.
  • the thicker wires running in the longitudinal direction result in a relatively high resistance to deformation against deformation from the cylindrical surface of the wire mesh 26 lying around, particularly inwards. Therefore, the upper wire mesh 26 is drawn in such a way that, without being pressed inwards in the spacing area 22, it passes from left-front to right-back in a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the pressure of the inflatable mat 24 is chosen so large that the wire mesh 26 above in Fig. 1 on the facing end edges of the two exhaust gas treatment body 16 a little bit quasi gradually is pressed inside.
  • the wire mesh 26 shown at the bottom in FIG. 1 is a wire mesh in which the wires are woven together in the manner of a linen fabric, with warp and weft having the same wire thickness but also a slightly different wire thickness.
  • the wires all run at approximately 45 ° to the longitudinal direction or gas flow direction of the device 2.
  • This wire mesh 26 has a lower resistance to deformation, so that in the spacing area 22 there is a slight deformation of the wire mesh 26 towards the inside in longitudinal section. This deformation results in a certain, additional positional fixation of the exhaust gas treatment body 16 and keeps the exhaust gas flow flowing through the distance region 22 to a certain extent away from the edge region of the inlet end face on the left in FIG. 1 of the exhaust gas treatment body 16 on the right in FIG. 1.
  • a ceramic fiber fabric or a glass fiber fabric 28 is also drawn in, which is wrapped around the arrangement of the two exhaust gas treatment bodies 16 and the wire mesh 26 and in FIG. 1 on the left and in FIG. 1 on the right over the gap area 20 to a piece extends on the peripheral surface of the relevant inner housing part 14.
  • the inflatable mat 24 or the respective insulating mat 18 is placed around this fabric 28.
  • Fig. 1 a variant is drawn in which two ceramic fiber fabrics or glass fiber fabrics 28 are laid around in an analogous position, but only to cover the relevant gap area 20 and the joint area between the relevant insulating mat 18 and the expanding mat 24, and not continuously therebetween. It is understood that the wire mesh 26 drawn at the top in FIG. 1 can be combined with the fabrics 28 drawn at the bottom in FIG. 1 and vice versa.
  • the wire mesh has a sufficiently high temperature resistance to withstand the temperatures that occur in internal combustion engine exhaust gases.
  • a particularly preferred material for the wires of the wire mesh 26 is stainless steel.
  • the wire mesh 26, the ceramic fiber mesh or glass fiber mesh 28, the insulating mat 18 and the inflatable mat 24 are each provided essentially in one layer (essentially with a butt joint or with a small circumferential overlap). However, you can also work in multiple layers.
  • the fabric 28 facilitates sliding movements between the exhaust gas treatment bodies 16 and the housing 4 as a result of thermal expansions or thermal contractions. In addition, the fabric 28 prevents attacks of the pulsating, hot gas on the mats 18 and 24.
  • the direction of exhaust gas flow through the device 2 is indicated by the arrow 34.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Dispositif pour épurer les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne, comportant au moins deux corps de traitement de gaz d'échappement (16) fixés à distance l'un derrière l'autre en direction longitudinale (34) dans une enveloppe (4), et dans lequel est prévu un tissu métallique (26) disposé dans les portions terminales dirigées l'une vers l'autre des deux corps de traitement de gaz (16) autour des surfaces périphériques de ceux-ci et qui couvre leur espacement ou intervalle (22), caractérisé
    en ce que le tissu métallique (26) possède des fils relativement gros (30) orientés essentiellement en direction longitudinale (34) et des fils relativement fins (32) orientés essentiellement en direction périphérique.
  2. Dispositif pour épurer les gaz d'échappement de moteurs à combustion interne, comportant au moins deux corps de traitement de gaz d'échappement (16) fixés à distance l'un derrière l'autre en direction longitudinale (34) dans une enveloppe (4), et dans lequel est prévu un tissu métallique (26) disposé dans les portions terminales dirigées l'une vers l'autre des deux corps de traitement de gaz (16) autour des surfaces périphériques de ceux-ci et qui couvre leur espacement ou intervalle (22), caractérisé
    en ce que le tissu métallique (26) possède des fils qui sont tissés à la façon d'une toile et que les fils sont orientés obliquement par rapport à la direction longitudinale (34).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un anneau de remplissage d'intervalle est placé dans l'intervalle libre entre les deux corps de traitement de gaz (16).
  4. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un tissu en fibres de céramique (28) ou un tissu en fibres de verre (28) de plus grande longueur que le tissu métallique (26) en direction longitudinale (34) est disposé autour du tissu métallique (26).
  5. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les deux corps de traitement de gaz (16) sont fixés dans l'enveloppe (4) au moyen d'une nappe de fixation (24) qui couvre également l'intervalle (22) entre ces corps et est superposée au tissu métallique (26).
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le tissu métallique (26) est légèrement refoulé vers l'intérieur par la nappe de fixation (26) dans la zone de l'intervalle (22) entre les deux corps de traitement (16).
  7. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la nappe de fixation (24) est une nappe à expansion.
  8. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que l'enveloppe (4) présente, avant les corps de traitement de gaz (16), une première zone de transition (10) qui s'évase dans la direction d'écoulement (34) et, derrière les corps de traitement de gaz (16), une seconde zone de transition (12) qui se rétrécit dans la direction d'écoulement; qu'une partie d'enveloppe intérieure (14) est prévue dans chacune des zones de transition (10, 12 ) et se termine à faible distance devant le corps de traitement de gaz (16) voisin; et qu'une nappe isolante (18) est disposée dans un intervalle périphérie entre la partie d'enveloppe intérieure (14) concernée et l'enveloppe (4).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les nappes isolantes (18) couvrent chacune la fente (20) entre la partie d'enveloppe intérieure (14) et le corps de traitement de gaz (16) voisin et que, dans la zone de la fente (20), la nappe isolante (18) concernée est protégée intérieurement par un tissu en fibres de céramique (28) ou un tissu en fibres de verre (28).
EP91112673A 1990-08-22 1991-07-27 Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement avec deux corps de traitement de gaz l'un après l'autre Expired - Lifetime EP0472009B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4026566 1990-08-22
DE4026566A DE4026566C2 (de) 1990-08-22 1990-08-22 Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung mit zwei Abgasbehandlungskörpern hintereinander

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0472009A1 EP0472009A1 (fr) 1992-02-26
EP0472009B1 true EP0472009B1 (fr) 1994-03-30

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EP91112673A Expired - Lifetime EP0472009B1 (fr) 1990-08-22 1991-07-27 Dispositif de purification de gaz d'échappement avec deux corps de traitement de gaz l'un après l'autre

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EP (1) EP0472009B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4026566C2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6967006B1 (en) 1998-01-28 2005-11-22 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Method for mounting and insulating ceramic monoliths in an automobile exhaust system and a mounting produced according to this method

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4220988C2 (de) * 1992-06-26 1998-02-19 Zeuna Staerker Kg Katalytische Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung
FR2703105B1 (fr) * 1993-03-26 1995-06-16 Ecia Equip Composants Ind Auto Dispositif de purification catalytique des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur, notamment de vehicule automobile.
EP0719912B1 (fr) * 1994-12-30 2000-02-02 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. Dispositif de traitement de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
JP3294036B2 (ja) * 1995-01-26 2002-06-17 日本碍子株式会社 ハニカム触媒コンバータ
CN102639227B (zh) 2009-12-01 2014-10-01 巴斯夫欧洲公司 用于进行自热气相脱氢的反应器
KR20130130791A (ko) 2010-12-21 2013-12-02 바스프 에스이 자열 기상 탈수소화를 수행하기 위한 반응기
US8802019B2 (en) 2010-12-21 2014-08-12 Basf Se Reactor for carrying out an autothermal gas-phase dehydrogenation
US8852538B2 (en) 2011-08-02 2014-10-07 Basf Se Reactor for carrying out an autothermal gas-phase dehydrogenation
US9012707B2 (en) 2011-08-02 2015-04-21 Basf Se Continuous process for carrying out autothermal gas-phase dehydrogenations
EA025292B1 (ru) 2011-08-02 2016-12-30 Басф Се Реактор для проведения автотермического газофазного дегидрирования
US9611191B2 (en) 2012-12-12 2017-04-04 Basf Se Reactor for carrying out an autothermal gas-phase dehydrogenation
WO2018024740A1 (fr) 2016-08-02 2018-02-08 Basf Se Réacteur de déshydrogénation autothermique en phase gazeuse d'un flux de gaz contenant des hydrocarbures

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US4239733A (en) * 1979-04-16 1980-12-16 General Motors Corporation Catalytic converter having a monolith with support and seal means therefor
DE3638049A1 (de) * 1986-11-07 1988-05-19 Leistritz Ag Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung
DE3760312D1 (en) * 1986-08-07 1989-08-17 Leistritz Ag Exhaust gas cleaning device
DE3811224A1 (de) * 1988-04-02 1989-10-12 Leistritz Ag Abgaskatalysator mit metallmonolith
DE3835841A1 (de) * 1988-10-21 1990-04-26 Eberspaecher J Abgaskonverter fuer eine brennkraftmaschine
DE3929205A1 (de) * 1989-09-02 1991-03-21 Leistritz Ag Abgasvorrichtung, insbes. abgasreinigungsvorrichtung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6967006B1 (en) 1998-01-28 2005-11-22 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Method for mounting and insulating ceramic monoliths in an automobile exhaust system and a mounting produced according to this method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0472009A1 (fr) 1992-02-26
DE4026566A1 (de) 1992-02-27
DE4026566C2 (de) 1993-10-28
DE59101268D1 (de) 1994-05-05

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