EP0487952B1 - Bauelement - Google Patents

Bauelement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0487952B1
EP0487952B1 EP19910118967 EP91118967A EP0487952B1 EP 0487952 B1 EP0487952 B1 EP 0487952B1 EP 19910118967 EP19910118967 EP 19910118967 EP 91118967 A EP91118967 A EP 91118967A EP 0487952 B1 EP0487952 B1 EP 0487952B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
construction element
element according
mat
outer formwork
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19910118967
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0487952A1 (de
Inventor
Gerhard Dingler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19904036151 external-priority patent/DE4036151A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0487952A1 publication Critical patent/EP0487952A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0487952B1 publication Critical patent/EP0487952B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G9/05—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of plastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249976—Voids specified as closed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249986—Void-containing component contains also a solid fiber or solid particle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
    • Y10T428/249991—Synthetic resin or natural rubbers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3325—Including a foamed layer or component
    • Y10T442/3333—Including a free metal or alloy constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a component of this type is known from DE 39 16 938 A1.
  • the plastic band body provides the necessary strength and stability, but can be sawn, drilled and nailed like wood.
  • the component is preferably a plate that serves as a better and cheaper replacement for a wooden plate, since it avoids the disadvantages of wood, but can also be processed (drilled, nailed) and is dimensionally accurate to a fraction of a millimeter.
  • such a panel is particularly well suited as a formwork panel for concrete forming.
  • DE 38 37 125 A1 discloses a process for the production of moldings (also plates), according to which wastes of thermoplastic and metal foils are shredded to chips of about 2 mm edge length, so that this mixture can then be processed by means of an extruder screw.
  • components such as those of the generic type are obtained.
  • the component has a homogeneous design over the entire cross section, apart from arbitrary fluctuations in the distribution of the metal components.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a component of the generic type which enables a further improved replacement of boards and boards.
  • the sandwich structure concentrates the material in the relevant outer shell areas, at least one of which is additionally considerably reinforced by a metal mat. At least part of this additional weight is saved by the foam structure of the interior. In this way, larger panels can be produced which, due to their higher inherent stability (rigidity), can span larger areas freely. With regard to the use as formwork panels, this means that the usual metal frame can be lighter and a formwork element formed in this way is lighter than before with the same size. The advantages of workability such as wood mentioned at the outset are retained, since the mat made of metal threads does not significantly impair nailability, for example.
  • the component has the shape of a formwork panel that can be used for concrete formwork. It has two outer shell regions 12, 13. These have outer surfaces 14, 16, to which surface regions 17, 18 adjoin, which make up part of the thickness of the outer shell regions 12, 13. Between 12, 13 there is an inner region 19 which has foam 21. There are mats 22, 23 in the outer shell regions 12, 13. These, like 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, extend parallel to a geometric center plane 24.
  • the diameter of the foam pores, of which the foam 21 consists for the most part differs from the solid surface areas 17, 18 to the geometric center plane 24. This is shown in Fig. 2. Um around the geometric center plane 24, the diameter D of the bubbles is greatest, then drops to the beginning of 12, 13 and in 12, 13 the diameter is zero, which means that the outer shell regions 12, 13 are solid.
  • the pore area still extends into the outer shell areas 12, 13, but with pores having a diameter of zero. Where the mats 22, 23 are located, however, the pore diameter has previously dropped to zero. The mats 22, 23 are therefore, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, in solid material.
  • metal threads 26 and metal threads 27 form the mat 22.
  • the mat 23 looks exactly the same and is therefore not described.
  • the metal threads 26, 27 are made of steel and 0.16 mm thick.
  • the metal threads 26 run in the X direction and the metal threads 27 in the Y direction, that is to say they are perpendicular to one another.
  • the mesh size 28 is the same in both directions, namely 7x7 mm. It is ensured in a manner not shown that the crossing points 29 remain undamaged.
  • the mat 22 is made easier to handle by an auxiliary frame 31 which is connected to the metal threads 26, 27 in a manner not shown.
  • the auxiliary frame 31 consists of threads of considerably lower tensile force and either does not determine the properties of the formwork panel or only to a very small extent.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cut mold half 32 at the top and a complementary mold half 33 at the bottom. These can be pressed together under pressure and temperature. Compressed in it is 12, 22 on the one hand, 13, 23 on the other hand, which have already been produced elsewhere and between the two 19. A formwork panel according to FIG. 2 is then produced, provided the initial height of 12, 13, 19 is initially greater is as the clear height with closed mold halves 32, 33. Then 12, 13 press a little into 19, but do not become foamy themselves.
  • a hopper 34 with a slot die 36 is provided for a second method. This is followed by two pair of calender rollers 37, 38.
  • the hopper is fed with material 42, 43, 44 and the supplied mats 22, 23.
  • the materials 42 and 44 are each processed via an extruder 45a, 45b, each of which contains a degassing zone 39.
  • the material 43 is passed through an extruder 45c which has a degassing zone 39 and then a gas feed zone 41.
  • the plastic material 42, 43, 44 is enriched with statistically evenly distributed metal strip bodies. Also with chopped glass fibers.
  • Between 42 and 43 a mat 22, 23 is fed down from supply rolls 46, 47, respectively. 42, 43, 44 are brought together in funnel 34.
  • gas that is generated unintentionally and / or accidentally is drawn off.
  • Gas is added to the gas supply zone 41 in a controlled manner into the material 43 which later forms the inner region 19.
  • the supply of the plastic material 42, 43, 44 is to be understood as drawn symbolically. Of course, no plates are fed.
  • the pair of rollers 37, 38 smooth the outer surfaces 14, 16 on the product as long as it has not yet cooled.
  • the invention is capable of numerous variations. Only if you want to have symmetrical properties, you build the formwork panel symmetrical to the geometric center plane 24. If one of the mats 22, 23 is omitted, the product is given a one-sided pretension, which is desirable for some applications. If desired, the outer surfaces 14, 16 can also be structured. In certain applications, both mats 22, 23 can be present. One can then lie a little further inside and the other a little further outside and / or the metal threads can have different properties, which likewise lead to a desired asymmetry can.
  • the metal threads 26, 27 can be located in a plastic jacket which is welded at the crossing points 29, so that the auxiliary scaffold 31 is unnecessary. The plastic jacket then melts in the supplied plastic.
  • the mat 22, 23 can be knitted or woven. It can also be a sheet from which a large number of parts are punched out, so that only webs remain. Such sheets are sometimes obtained when small parts are punched out.
  • the component can be lighter than wood, but have better mechanical properties.
  • the surface can be regenerated in a simple manner, for example by Use a glowing wire as a smoothing tool or hot iron the surface.
  • the inner region 19, apart from the plastic component, has only a very low proportion of metal strip bodies and glass fibers. It is less than 10% in each case. In the embodiment in the range of 5% aluminum chips and 5% glass fibers.
  • the nailability is directly dependent on the proportion of polyamide, depending on the proportion of HDPE and LDPE. Nailability ceases at about 18% PA. Additions of LDPE make the component more nail-friendly. However, the thrust absorption and creep resistance are then reduced. If HDPE and LDPE are added in the same ratio, the polyamide content can be increased to 30%, whereby the nailability ends here.
  • the degree of filling of the reinforcement materials, So the metal strip bodies and the glass fibers, the nail ability is not impaired as long as the individual proportion is below 22%. In addition, the material becomes too dense.
  • the creep behavior depends on the concentration of the reinforcement materials and their length in the end product, provided that their adhesion and integration is guaranteed. It appears that shavings or the like with a length of 12 to 13 mm bring the greatest effect and make the formwork panel appear as a spring that immediately returns to its original position after relief and very quickly approaches a final deformation under permanent load.
  • the thermal conductivity greatly influences the pressing time and the setting behavior of concrete. Only the concentration of metal strip bodies determines the thermal conductivity. With a share of 15% aluminum chips, you have values of a comparable wooden panel. The good thermal conductivity results in a fairly uniform cooling of the component, so that no voltages are implanted. This guarantees a distortion-free shape when cooled.
  • the outer shell areas 12, 13 are filled to a high level, for example with 20% aluminum chips, 20% glass fibers, 20% PA and 20% HDPE and LDPE in each case. It should be possible to use less glass fiber and aluminum chips due to the dimensions of the mats 22, 23.
  • the inner area 19 is only slightly filled, e.g. up to 5% aluminum chips and glass fibers.
  • the foamed zone results in a considerable weight reduction, e.g. of 60%.
  • a method according to FIG. 5 is not as economical as a method according to FIG. 6. However, production can be achieved more quickly. The reverse applies to a method according to FIG. 6.
  • a minimum distance of 7 ⁇ 7 mm was mentioned in the exemplary embodiment for the mesh size 28 in both directions. Depending on the static requirements, this can be larger or smaller and also different in one direction in relation to the other.
  • the mats can also consist of expanded rib metal.
  • mixed forms are also possible, such as expanded rib metal and / or webs from which parts have been punched out and / or knitted and / or woven and / or knitted mats.
  • the layers such as mats, foams, outer shells, etc. are essentially parallel to one another and the mats are essentially flat.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
EP19910118967 1990-11-14 1991-11-07 Bauelement Expired - Lifetime EP0487952B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4036151 1990-11-14
DE19904036151 DE4036151A1 (de) 1989-05-24 1990-11-14 Bauelement
US07/615,349 US5538785A (en) 1990-11-14 1990-11-19 Construction element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0487952A1 EP0487952A1 (de) 1992-06-03
EP0487952B1 true EP0487952B1 (de) 1994-02-02

Family

ID=25898465

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910118967 Expired - Lifetime EP0487952B1 (de) 1990-11-14 1991-11-07 Bauelement

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US5538785A (da)
EP (1) EP0487952B1 (da)
JP (1) JP3160720B2 (da)
AT (1) ATE101226T1 (da)
CA (1) CA2055371C (da)
CZ (2) CZ280910B6 (da)
DE (1) DE59100994D1 (da)
DK (1) DK0487952T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2049516T3 (da)
NO (1) NO176977C (da)
SK (2) SK86095A3 (da)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2708651B1 (fr) * 1993-08-02 1995-10-13 Caverzasio Olivier Procédé de coffrage d'un escalier tournant et coffrage réalisé selon ce procédé.
FR2715683B1 (fr) * 1994-02-01 1996-04-05 Outinord St Amand Banche métallique avec peau coffrante interchangeable.
US5970384A (en) 1994-08-11 1999-10-19 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Methods of heat treating silicon oxide films by irradiating ultra-violet light
EP0892878A1 (en) * 1995-04-12 1999-01-27 Providence Industries, L.L.C. Reusable concrete form panel sheeting
EP0959731B1 (de) * 1995-11-02 2002-08-28 F.S. Fehrer GmbH & Co. KG. Schaumstofformteil mit eingeschäumtem verankerungselement
US5792552A (en) * 1996-04-12 1998-08-11 Providence Industries, L.L.C. Reusable concrete form panel sheeting
CA2254984C (en) * 1996-04-12 2007-11-13 Providence Industries, L.L.C. Reusable concrete form panel sheeting
DE19622149A1 (de) * 1996-06-01 1997-12-04 Stewing Nachrichtentechnik Bauelement, insbesondere Schalplatte zur Herstellung von Betonschalungen
DE19640115A1 (de) * 1996-09-28 1998-04-23 Stewing Nachrichtentechnik Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauelementes, insbesondere einer Schalplatte für Betonschalungen
EP0855478A3 (de) * 1997-01-22 1998-12-30 Graf von Montgelas, Max Joseph Verbundplatte aus Kunststoff und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
KR100682190B1 (ko) 1999-09-07 2007-02-12 동경 엘렉트론 주식회사 실리콘 산질화물을 포함하는 절연막의 형성 방법 및 장치
ES2258354B1 (es) * 2003-02-06 2008-02-16 Andamios In, S.A. Tablero termoplastico autoportante para encofrado horizontal.
FR2844538B1 (fr) * 2003-02-14 2006-01-13 Panneau de coffrage, sa fabrication et son utilisation
CN107367270B (zh) * 2017-08-30 2023-07-21 中冶建工集团有限公司 用于确立室内净高测量点的测量模板及其使用方法

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1798939U (de) * 1956-03-29 1959-10-29 Hermann Gutmann Kunststoffplatte, insbesondere kunststoffbauplatte.
GB1058396A (en) * 1963-05-28 1967-02-08 Colard Leopold Laminated product
US3647608A (en) * 1970-01-26 1972-03-07 Gen Tire & Rubber Co Cut-resistant foam article
US4221697A (en) * 1974-05-29 1980-09-09 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Composite materials
US4248931A (en) * 1980-04-25 1981-02-03 International Telephone & Telegraph Corporation Dimensionally stable structural foam plastic product
DE8026197U1 (de) * 1980-10-01 1981-01-22 Orbilan-Kunststoff Gmbh, 4420 Coesfeld Schalplatte
DE3238090A1 (de) * 1982-10-14 1984-04-19 Battenfeld Maschinenfabriken Gmbh, 5882 Meinerzhagen Formkoerper aus kunststoff
AT390632B (de) * 1984-06-06 1990-06-11 Schuster Franz Flaechenhaftes bauelement, insbesondere bauplatte
DE8617602U1 (de) * 1986-07-02 1986-08-21 NOE-Schaltechnik KG, 7334 Süssen Schaltafel
US4925719A (en) * 1988-04-08 1990-05-15 Centrite Corp. Reinforced polymeric composites
US4828897A (en) * 1988-04-08 1989-05-09 Centrite Corporation Reinforced polymeric composites
DE3837125A1 (de) * 1988-11-02 1990-05-03 Signode System Gmbh Verfahren zur herstellung von formkoerpern aus metall und einem thermoplastischen kunststoff

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO176977C (no) 1995-06-28
SK282104B6 (sk) 2001-11-06
JPH04290738A (ja) 1992-10-15
CA2055371A1 (en) 1992-05-15
NO914364D0 (no) 1991-11-08
CZ288314B6 (en) 2001-05-16
CA2055371C (en) 1996-07-23
CZ345391A3 (en) 1993-11-17
CZ280910B6 (cs) 1996-05-15
ATE101226T1 (de) 1994-02-15
NO914364L (no) 1992-05-15
EP0487952A1 (de) 1992-06-03
US5538785A (en) 1996-07-23
SK345391A3 (en) 1999-05-07
NO176977B (no) 1995-03-20
DK0487952T3 (da) 1994-07-11
SK279909B6 (sk) 1999-05-07
DE59100994D1 (de) 1994-03-17
ES2049516T3 (es) 1994-04-16
JP3160720B2 (ja) 2001-04-25
SK86095A3 (en) 2001-11-06

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