EP0497151B2 - Procédé pour la fabrication en continu d'articles de faible épaisseur à partir de matière céramique - Google Patents

Procédé pour la fabrication en continu d'articles de faible épaisseur à partir de matière céramique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0497151B2
EP0497151B2 EP92100649A EP92100649A EP0497151B2 EP 0497151 B2 EP0497151 B2 EP 0497151B2 EP 92100649 A EP92100649 A EP 92100649A EP 92100649 A EP92100649 A EP 92100649A EP 0497151 B2 EP0497151 B2 EP 0497151B2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
ceramic material
rolling
process according
preform
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP92100649A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0497151B1 (fr
EP0497151A1 (fr
Inventor
Edmund Dipl.-Mineraloge Goerenz
Tadeusz Dr. Rymon-Lipinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dyko Industriekeramik GmbH
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Dyko Industriekeramik GmbH
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Application filed by Dyko Industriekeramik GmbH filed Critical Dyko Industriekeramik GmbH
Publication of EP0497151A1 publication Critical patent/EP0497151A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/12—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material
    • B28B3/126—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein one or more rollers exert pressure on the material on material passing directly between the co-operating rollers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for continuous Production of thin-walled moldings, such as plates, strips, pipes or the like Like. from clay-free ceramic mass by the raw and Additives for the ceramic mass moistened and mixed the mixed ceramic mass into a green body shaped, divided if necessary, and the green body by drying and Firing is solidified to the shaped body.
  • Under a thin-walled molded body is one with a thickness in Understand range between about 1 to 10 mm.
  • the ceramic raw materials mostly in powder form, viewed, while among the additives, plasticizers, plasticizers, Binder u. Like. To be understood.
  • CH-A-394 013 shows a process for continuous Manufacture of large cladding panels made of ceramic Material in which the plastic mass from the mouthpiece of a Extrusion press with a slightly smaller width and a slightly larger thickness, than corresponds to the cross section of the plate to be produced, in Formed, that is, is shaped.
  • This shape follows a first calibration process between two rollers, with which slightly reduces the thickness of the pressed tape becomes. Then there are cutting undercuts from the introduced a surface of the mass strand, and it takes place another calibration between two rollers.
  • the rolling or The calibration process serves the purpose when pressing the Mass strands arising from the press die to remove.
  • the ceramic mass used is in particular with a humidity of 18% and adjusted through the mouthpiece the extrusion press. By pre-drying on one Water content of about 10% turns the emerging strand into one Leather-hard condition spent and then processed.
  • FR-A-1 271 493 and US-A-3 007 222 also show that Manufacture of tiles and other wall cladding panels, at but the shape of the tile is not one Extrusion process, but done by a rolling process.
  • a such tile or cladding panel is not pronounced as thin plate, but rather has a relative large wall thickness. Wall thicknesses between 0.025 and 3.75 mm mentioned, but only for relatively small-sized parts. Water levels are said to be 7 to 13% if it is clay-containing masses. At higher clay-containing masses Water contents from 12 to 18% stated. It will refer to the Need for the simultaneous presence of an organic Binders pointed out, so the combination between organic Binder and water content. Water contents of 8 to 15% called.
  • the roll gap using the stops is set comparatively smaller, there is a Increasing the compaction effect and thus a larger one Bulk density.
  • the bulk densities can be between 40 and 90% of the theoretical value fluctuate. Frictional forces act in the roll gap, gravity and, as a reaction force, compression forces of the rollers on the ceramic mass. In addition to the fixed one The nip is also the diameter and the drive speed of the rollers is important for the achievable result. In this way you can form-solidified green bodies produce the further handling, for example one Sintering process, are accessible.
  • the water content of the used ceramic mass should be in the range of 5 to 10% to achieve good results. If lower water levels, about 2 to 4% by weight are used to obtain one highly porous green body, which does not have a compacting effect is noticeable.
  • the invention has for its object a method for the continuous production of thin-walled moldings To show from clay-free ceramic mass, which can be produced in a particularly energy-saving manner and nevertheless improved Have strength properties.
  • this is the method described at the outset thereby achieved that the ceramic mass with moisture from 2 to 5% by weight and the shape and Compaction of the green body by rolling with the introduction of Textures and influencing the structure in the ceramic mass he follows.
  • Rollers are understood here to mean that the ceramic Mass z. B. by one of two opposing rollers formed roll gap is passed and compacted, so that a band is formed as a green body, which is divided or, if necessary can be processed in another way.
  • Adjust the humidity to an area that covers both the typical moisture content of slip casting on the one hand like also avoids dry pressing, one results particularly energy-saving manufacturing option because of Drying process can be made less expensive and also the burning process z. B.
  • the green body already has a relatively high strength, the in any case is higher than in the film casting, so that none Problems in handling the green body at its Further processing arise.
  • the Structure is adjustable, and it can be characterized by the typical Rolling textures in the ceramic mass achieve that positive on the mechanical and / or thermal and / or electrical properties of the moldings to be produced impact. Rolling has another advantage over that Casting foil that already without venting the ceramic Mass molded body with comparatively lower porosity are achievable.
  • the moisture content can be found in the Set the specified range between about 2 to 5% by weight, whereby the properties of the thin-walled molded body over the Moisture content can be controlled to a certain extent.
  • a lower humidity results in a lower porosity and one high thermal conductivity and high strength.
  • a high Moisture results in high porosity and therefore (up to to a certain limit) a high one Resistance to temperature changes.
  • the new Processes can not only be molded in a thickness range of 1 mm or 10 mm, as with film casting on the one hand and in the manufacture of tiles on the other hand, but it the intermediate thickness ranges can also be useful be exploited.
  • the process is surprisingly for such ceramic masses applicable that have no clay or Contain plasticizing part.
  • the compression of the components of the ceramic mass is made by the pressing pressure during rolling.
  • By the use of the new method is particularly low "Molding costs" because the rollers used in the process are changed of the roll gap are usually adjustable against each other to the to achieve the desired cross section.
  • the new process also allows a multi-stage procedure in such a way that several rolling processes or stages can be connected in series and in this way the degree of compaction is further increased. Even coarse-grained fractions or parts within the ceramic Dimensions can be processed with the new process.
  • the Moisture levels within the specified range between 2 and 5% by weight also stand out against moisture contents, as they e.g. B. are known in tile manufacture. Surprisingly, ceramic materials can be added It is advantageous to roll adherence to such moisture contents. Here are the resulting textures and structural influences an advantage and not, as before, a disadvantage.
  • the new processes also opens up thickness ranges that have not yet been used were very difficult to control.
  • the ceramic mass can be evacuated before rolling. It will here a negative pressure is applied to the porosity of the green body and lower the molded body and ultimately also the strength to increase.
  • the ceramic mass can be heated before or during the rolling. This improves the workability. This is especially true for raw materials and aggregates containing pitch and tar.
  • the ceramic mass before rolling extrude the one provided by the extruder Shaping is used to order the ceramic mass pre-distributed feed to the roll gap. It is also possible the ceramic mass z. B. by extrusion pre-compress, so that the subsequent Rolling process the actual or final compaction process represents.
  • Rolling can be done by profiling the green body.
  • profiled rollers can also be used, for example Grooves, shoulders or the like in the green body when rolling with to form.
  • Such shapes are particularly one Further processing of the shaped bodies into kiln furniture sensible.
  • a meandering deformed film or plate can e.g. Belly Intermediate layer in a composite material, similar to how this in the production of corrugated cardboard on the Pulp area is known.
  • carbide, nitride can also be used advantageously or metallic powder to be rolled onto it Way the electrical and / or thermal Adjust properties of the molded body and to favor. Ceramic fibers, carbon fibers, Metal fibers or the like can also be rolled in. This then represent a thermo-mechanical reinforcement The rolling process must of course depend on the type of fibers be adjusted.
  • the green body can also without More to be wound up to several layers on the one hand to increase the thickness, on the other hand laminate to produce with conscious layer formation. Even composite bodies can be made in this way. Even that Winding thin strips into tubes and similar shaped articles is easily possible.
  • FIG 1 is a rolling mill through the rolls 1 and 2 indicated schematically.
  • the roller 2 can be stationary be while the roller 1 with the roller 2 a nip 3rd can be hydraulically adjusted to one exert the necessary pressure on the ceramic mass.
  • the ceramic mass is composed of the Raw and aggregates prepared and according to the corresponding Mixing and moistening in a hopper 4 given in which an agitator 5 is arranged. With help of the agitator 5, the ceramic mass gets into the Effective range of a screw conveyor 6, the ceramic mass feeds the roll gap 3, so that the desired set thickness of the ceramic strip to be rolled arises.
  • a rolled strip 7 is formed in the roll gap 3 and is guided away on a roller conveyor 8. It can be here the division into individual green bodies connect what is no longer shown. In the area of the agitator 5 or the screw conveyor 6 can vent the ceramic mass.
  • FIG 2 is a slightly modified device shown.
  • the ceramic mass from raw and Mixed aggregates become ceramic Press 9 fed and driven out through a mouthpiece 10, so that here a certain pre-compression of the ceramic mass takes place.
  • Via a conveyor 11 ceramic mass a first pair of rollers, consisting of the Rolls 1 and 2, fed and in the roll gap 3 further condensed so that here the band 7 is formed.
  • Band 7 is running then in a second rolling device with the rollers 1 ' and 2 'and finally comes into a pair of shaping rollers 12 and 13, through which the belt 7 in a Waveform is brought.
  • a conveyor 14 takes the corrugated Band 15, which in a punch 16 in sections is divided. Then the sections get into a Drying device 17 and a kiln 18.
  • a fine-grained Al 2 O 3 powder in a grain fraction smaller than 1 ⁇ m was mixed with different binder proportions.
  • Cellulose ether was used as a binder as a 1% solution in water. In addition, no moisture was introduced.
  • the ceramic mass formed in this way was rolled in a one-stage installation, for example according to FIG. 1, a ceramic strip having a width of 75 mm and a thickness of 2 mm being produced.
  • the contact pressure of the rollers 1, 2 was 50 bar.
  • the resulting rolled Al 2 O 3 strip was divided into 100 mm long plates. The plates were dried in a drying oven at 110 ° C for 24 hours. This was followed by firing in a kiln at 1650 ° C for two hours.
  • Binder content (% by weight) Moisture (% by weight) Gross density (g / cm 3 ) Porosity (%) Flexural strength (N / mm 2 ) 2nd 1.98 3.52 9.6 81.5 + 4.0 7 6.93 3.15 19.0 78.3 + 5.6 10th 9.0 2.86 25.5 73.1 + 3.0
  • the bending strength was determined in a 3-point bending test. In in the manner described, plates were produced which, for. B. as Kiln furniture appear suitable. You can see from the specified table that with increasing moisture content the The bulk density drops, the porosity increases and the bending strength becomes lower.
  • the ceramic mass was produced from fine Al 2 O 3 powder with a fraction smaller than 1 ⁇ m together with 10% by weight of a powdery binder in the form of a cellulose derivative and with varying amounts of moisture. It was rolled into thin plates with a thickness of about 2 mm under a pressure of 50 bar. After drying similar to that in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, the fire was carried out at 1650 ° C. for 2 hours.
  • the result was aluminum oxide plates with the following properties: Water fraction (weight fraction) Gross density (g / cm 3 ) Porosity (%) Flexural strength (N / mm 2 ) (3-point bending test) 2nd 3.12 18.6 58.6 + 3.4 7 3.05 22.9 67.8 + 7.5 10th 2.86 25.5 73.1 + 3.0
  • the ceramic mass was made of fine aluminum oxide with a Grain fraction smaller than 1 ⁇ m and with the addition of 5% by weight liquid binder of a 1% solution of cellulose ether in Water created. A pressure of 50 bar was reached during rolling upset. In a downstream punch press, the continuous tape small platelets measuring 20 x 20 x Punched 2 mm. These were dried at 100 ° C in 8 hours and fired tightly in an electric furnace at 1650 ° C for 4 hours, see above that there is a porosity of 0%. Such moldings are suitable for use as carrier plates in the electrical industry Find.
  • a zirconium oxide with a grain size of less than 0.1 mm was used 5% by weight of liquid binder from cellulose ether as a 1% solution in Water and 5% by weight graphite with a smaller grain fraction 0.1 mm mixed.
  • the mixed ceramic mass was mixed with a Contact pressure of 80 bar rolled and then divided. It carbon-containing plates with a homogeneous structure and a porosity of 12.3%. The thickness was 8 mm.
  • the Further processing of this material into a composite material appears e.g. B. suitable for use in metallurgy. Man recognizes from this example that the rolling pressure increases and the Moisture content was chosen to be comparatively low.
  • the rolling mill is followed by a winding system in order to rolled up the rolled ceramic tape in an inclined spiral and in this way and how to form a tube.
  • the offset became similar to that Example 3 chosen.
  • the coiled tube showed one Inner diameter of 150 mm and an outer diameter of 170 mm on. Solidification of the pipe and sintering of the edges happened after drying in a fire of 1650 ° C for 10 Hours.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de fabrication en continu de corps façonnés à paroi mince, tels que plaques, bandes, tubes ou similaires, dans une pâte céramique ne contenant pas d'argile, en ce que les matières premières et les additifs pour la pâte céramique sont humidifiés et mélangés, la pâte céramique mélangée est formée en un produit vert, éventuellement subdivisé, et le produit vert est consolidé dans sa forme par séchage et cuisson pour donner le corps façonné, caractérisé en ce que la pâte céramique est réglée sur une humidité de 2 à 5 % en poids, et en ce que la pâte céramique est passée à travers une fente (3) formée par deux rouleaux (1, 2) disposés en regard l'un de l'autre pour être compactée sous la commande appropriée du degré de compactage et des propriétés de densité moyennant une pression d'application des rouleaux (1, 2) qui peut être choisie et réglée, et par insertion de textures et influence sur la structure dans la pâte céramique.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pâte céramique est alimentée à l'aide d'une vis sans fin de transport (6) ou par un dispositif de convoyage (11) dans la fente formée entre les rouleaux de manière que l'épaisseur souhaitée du produit vert soit obtenue.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est fait le vide dans la pâte céramique avant le laminage.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la pâte céramique est chauffée avant ou pendant le laminage.
  5. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la pâte céramique est extrudée avant le laminage.
  6. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la pâte céramique est précompactée, par exemple par extrudage.
  7. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le laminage s'effectue par profilage du produit vert.
  8. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le produit vert est déformé en méandres, pendant ou après le laminage.
  9. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que pendant le laminage, des poudres de carbures, de nitrures ou métalliques sont laminées en même temps.
  10. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que pendant le laminage, des fibres céramiques, des fibres de carbone, des fibres métalliques ou similaires sont laminées en même temps.
  11. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que directement après le laminage le produit vert éventuellement subdivisé, est séché en continu et éventuellement cuit en continu.
  12. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le produit vert est enroulé, de préférence en plusieurs couches.
EP92100649A 1991-01-28 1992-01-16 Procédé pour la fabrication en continu d'articles de faible épaisseur à partir de matière céramique Expired - Lifetime EP0497151B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4102469 1991-01-28
DE4102469A DE4102469A1 (de) 1991-01-28 1991-01-28 Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung duennwandiger formkoerper aus keramischer masse

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0497151A1 EP0497151A1 (fr) 1992-08-05
EP0497151B1 EP0497151B1 (fr) 1996-03-27
EP0497151B2 true EP0497151B2 (fr) 1999-08-25

Family

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EP92100649A Expired - Lifetime EP0497151B2 (fr) 1991-01-28 1992-01-16 Procédé pour la fabrication en continu d'articles de faible épaisseur à partir de matière céramique

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EP (1) EP0497151B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE135950T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4102469A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2086558T5 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5384030A (en) * 1994-02-15 1995-01-24 General Motors Corporation Exhaust sensor including a composite tile sensing element and methods of making the same
DE19901533C2 (de) * 1999-01-16 2003-04-10 Villeroy & Boch Vorrichtung für die Herstellung von Dekor- oder Glasurmasse aufweisenden Keramikrohlingen
US8679302B2 (en) 2005-11-14 2014-03-25 Guardian Industries Corp. Silicon titanium oxide coating, coated article including silicon titanium oxide coating, and method of making the same
DE102006036624B4 (de) * 2006-08-03 2009-08-20 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Werkstückträger sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen
DE102011120547B4 (de) 2011-12-02 2018-10-18 Technische Universität Dresden Brennhilfsmittel, als Träger für Bauteile bei einer Wärmebehandlung
ES2636930T3 (es) * 2012-10-22 2017-10-10 Imerys Ceramics France Proceso para elaborar una lámina inorgánica

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3007222A (en) * 1953-01-02 1961-11-07 Gladding Mcbean & Co Method for continuous manufacture of ceramic sheets
FR1271493A (fr) * 1959-11-30 1961-09-15 Gladding Procédé de fabrication continue d'objets céramiques très minces
DE1205435B (de) * 1961-05-10 1965-11-18 Gottfried Cremer Dr Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Herstellen von duennwandigen Wandverkleidungsplatten aus keramischem Werkstoff und Tunnelofen zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens
CH394013A (de) * 1960-04-16 1965-06-15 Aton Planungs & Baugesellschaft Fuer Die Keramische Industrie Mbh Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von grossflächigen Verkleidungsplatten aus keramischem Werkstoff
GB982128A (en) * 1962-12-20 1965-02-03 Fetok Gmbh Process for producing thin sheets of plastic ceramic materials
JPS61291445A (ja) * 1985-06-18 1986-12-22 イソライト工業株式会社 セラミツクフアイバ−ブランケツトの処理方法
DD285041A5 (de) * 1989-06-23 1990-12-05 Veb Chemieanlagenbaukombinat Leipzig-Grimma Stammbetrieb,Dd Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von 3-dimensional profilierten, duennwandigen formlingen aus plastischen baendern oder platten keramischen grundmaterials, deren neutrale faser der profilstruktur entspricht

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2086558T3 (es) 1996-07-01
ES2086558T5 (es) 1999-12-01
EP0497151B1 (fr) 1996-03-27
DE59205793D1 (de) 1996-05-02
ATE135950T1 (de) 1996-04-15
DE4102469A1 (de) 1992-07-30
EP0497151A1 (fr) 1992-08-05

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