EP0497155B1 - Procédé de décokéfaction de fours de pyrolyse - Google Patents

Procédé de décokéfaction de fours de pyrolyse Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0497155B1
EP0497155B1 EP92100682A EP92100682A EP0497155B1 EP 0497155 B1 EP0497155 B1 EP 0497155B1 EP 92100682 A EP92100682 A EP 92100682A EP 92100682 A EP92100682 A EP 92100682A EP 0497155 B1 EP0497155 B1 EP 0497155B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
decoking
waste
cracking
decoking gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92100682A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0497155A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Dr.-Ing. Merz
Gunther Dipl.-Ing. Schmidt
Heinz Dr.-Ing. Zimmermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0497155A1 publication Critical patent/EP0497155A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0497155B1 publication Critical patent/EP0497155B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
    • C10G9/16—Preventing or removing incrustation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for decoking a cracking furnace for thermal cracking of hydrocarbons, in which a decoking gas is passed through coked plant parts, a decoking exhaust gas being produced.
  • the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons is of great technical importance.
  • the thermal cracking of the hydrocarbons is usually carried out in canned tubes which are arranged in a heatable cracking zone.
  • the fission products are cooled in a downstream fission gas cooler in order to bring the fission reactions to a standstill.
  • a number of side reactions occur which lead to economically uninteresting or even disruptive products.
  • Such a disruptive side reaction can be seen in the coking of parts of the plant, in particular the canned pipes and the cracked gas cooler, since it leads to a deterioration in the heat transfer and, in extreme cases, even the laying individual line elements can result.
  • a decoking gas e.g. a mixture of air and / or water vapor, through which the externally heated can and the still cooled can gas cooler are passed.
  • a decoking gas e.g. a mixture of air and / or water vapor, through which the externally heated can and the still cooled can gas cooler are passed.
  • the deposits burn off by oxidation or water gas reaction.
  • the resulting decoking exhaust gas can, for example, have peak values of up to about 20,000 vol ppm carbon monoxide in the dry exhaust gas. Since direct release of the decoking gas to the atmosphere should be avoided for environmental reasons, the decoking gas is introduced into the furnace of the cracking furnace for post-combustion according to the prior art. Since the amount of the decoking gas in relation to the amount of flue gas resulting from the underfired output of the cracking furnace is large during the decoking, a great deal of effort must be expended for a uniform supply of the decoking gas over the entire combustion chamber in order to be able to operate the furnace burners safely and without problems. This requires a complex gas duct system.
  • the heating gas requirement during decoking is also increased by the addition of the relatively large amount of exhaust gas that has to be heated.
  • exhaust gas recirculation has consequences for the design of the convection zone, which usually has to be designed for higher temperatures when it is recirculated.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a method of the type mentioned in such a way that extensive cleaning of the decoking gas is achieved in an economical manner, so that it can be released into the atmosphere without hesitation.
  • This object is achieved in that the decoking exhaust gas is treated catalytically.
  • the process is considerably simplified.
  • the carbon monoxide content and other unburned constituents in the decoking gas are reduced to such an extent that the decoking gas can be released directly into the atmosphere.
  • An oxidation catalytic converter is expediently used which permits extensive oxidation, for example of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, at the given exhaust gas temperatures.
  • the catalytic treatment of the decoking gas is preferably carried out at an exhaust gas temperature of approximately 200 to 600 ° C.
  • the cracked tubes are usually followed by a cracked gas cooler for cooling the cracked products, which, like the cracked tubes, cokes during the cracking operation.
  • the decoking gas is therefore passed over the cracked gas cooler and, after leaving the cooler, has the desired temperature of approximately 200 to approximately 600 ° C., so that it does not have to be heated or cooled for catalytic afterburning.
  • the catalytic converter can be installed in the exhaust pipe to the chimney, which is required anyway.
  • a gas stream containing water vapor and / or oxygen, in particular a water vapor / air mixture, is preferably used as the decoking gas.
  • a particular advantage of the process according to the invention is the fact that the catalyst does not require any operating resources, which makes the process extremely economical.
  • the process reduces the amount of carbon monoxide in the decoking flue gas to below the currently strictest flue gas limit values with high operational reliability.
  • no complex exhaust gas distribution system is required in the furnace of the cracking furnace.
  • the combustion chamber insulation does not have to be broken through the exhaust gas inlet, so that heat losses and the risk of supplying false air are avoided. Therefore, in the method according to the invention, the heating gas requirement is significantly lower in all operating modes than in the known methods, in particular there is no disturbance to the furnace operation, e.g. unfavorable change in the flame pattern and the resulting overheating of individual zones.
  • a cracking furnace 1 is shown in a highly simplified form, which is designed for the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons, such as naphtha or gas oil. It essentially consists of a radiation zone 2 and a convection zone 3.
  • the high temperatures required for the thermal splitting of the hydrocarbons are generated by burners 4.
  • the burners 4 are supplied with liquid or gaseous fuel via line 5.
  • the hot flue gases formed during the combustion pass at the upper end of the radiation zone 2 via a connecting channel 6 into the laterally offset convection zone 3.
  • Fresh hydrocarbon feedstock is fed via line 11 to the heat exchanger 7 arranged in the upper region of the convection zone and is preheated there against flue gas which has already largely cooled. It is then fed via lines 12 and 13 into heat exchangers 8 and 9 in order to be further heated there. It then reaches the radiation zone 2 via line 14 and is heated there to the desired reaction temperature in a radiation-heated coil 15.
  • the hot cracked gases exit the cracking furnace 1 at 16 and are immediately cooled in a quench cooler 17 in order to bring the cracking reactions to a standstill.
  • the cooled cracked gases leave the system shown here via line 18 and are fed to a fractionation.
  • the decoking gas is drawn off from the cracking furnace 1 at 16 and passed over the cracking gas cooler 17. There the decoking gas is cooled down to a temperature of approx. 400 ° C. The decoking gas now has a temperature suitable for catalytic conversion of the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. After leaving the gap cooler 17, the decoking gas is fed to an oxidation catalyst 21. The cleaned decoking exhaust gas drawn off from the catalytic converter 21 is fed to the chimney 10 via line 22 and the exhaust pipe 23. The proportion of carbon monoxide in the cleaned exhaust gas is so low that it is safe to release it into the atmosphere.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de décokéfaction d'un four de craquage pour le craquage thermique d'hydrocarbures, dans lequel on fait circuler un gaz de décokéfaction dans les parties de l'installation encrassées par le coke, ce qui donne naissance à un gaz d'échappement de décokéfaction, caractérisé en ce qu'on traite les effluents gazeux de décokéfaction par voie catalytique.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on introduit, comme gaz de décokéfaction, un courant de gaz contenant de la vapeur d'eau et/ou de l'acide.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on évacue directement à l'atmosphère les effluents gazeux de décokéfaction traités par voie catalytique.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, pour le traitement catalytique des effluents gazeux de décokéfaction, on utilise un catalyseur d'oxydation pour l'oxydation du monoxyde de carbone et des autres composants incomplètement brûlés.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on réalise le traitement catalytique des effluents gazeux de décokéfaction à une température comprise entre environ 200 et environ 600°C.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel un réfrigérant de gaz craqué est monté en aval du four de craquage pour refroidir les produits obtenus par craquage, caractérisé en ce que l'on amène tout d'abord les effluents gazeux de décokéfaction au réfrigérant de gaz craqué et en ce qu'on les traite ensuite par voie catalytique.
EP92100682A 1991-01-31 1992-01-16 Procédé de décokéfaction de fours de pyrolyse Expired - Lifetime EP0497155B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4102862A DE4102862A1 (de) 1991-01-31 1991-01-31 Verfahren zur entkokung von spaltoefen
DE4102862 1991-01-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0497155A1 EP0497155A1 (fr) 1992-08-05
EP0497155B1 true EP0497155B1 (fr) 1994-10-05

Family

ID=6424086

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92100682A Expired - Lifetime EP0497155B1 (fr) 1991-01-31 1992-01-16 Procédé de décokéfaction de fours de pyrolyse

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0497155B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE112588T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4102862A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2065077T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HRP930942B1 (en) * 1993-05-31 1997-06-30 Inos D O O Process for the preparation of vinyl chloride
DE102007048984A1 (de) 2007-10-12 2009-04-16 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Entkokung von Spaltöfen
CN113701172B (zh) * 2020-05-20 2024-03-12 中国石化工程建设有限公司 处理乙烯裂解炉烧焦气的方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3010000A1 (de) * 1980-03-15 1981-09-24 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verfahren zur thermischen entkokung von spaltgaskuehlern
US4921830A (en) * 1988-04-13 1990-05-01 Phillips Petroleum Company Catalyst for the oxidation of carbon monoxide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0497155A1 (fr) 1992-08-05
ES2065077T3 (es) 1995-02-01
DE59200572D1 (de) 1994-11-10
ATE112588T1 (de) 1994-10-15
DE4102862A1 (de) 1992-08-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7977524B2 (en) Process for decoking a furnace for cracking a hydrocarbon feed
US4361478A (en) Method of preheating hydrocarbons for thermal cracking
DE4327953A1 (de) Anlage zur thermischen Abfallentsorgung sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Anlage
EP0110093B1 (fr) Dispositif d'obtention d'un produit gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène et de l'oxyde de carbone
DE1568469A1 (de) Verfahren zum thermischen Kracken von Kohlenwasserstoffen
EP2501462A1 (fr) Procédé de réduction d'oxydes d'azote provenant des gaz sortant d'un four à coke
CN118129165A (zh) 一种降低氮氧化物排放的方法及燃烧系统
EP0497155B1 (fr) Procédé de décokéfaction de fours de pyrolyse
DE2629082A1 (de) Verfahren und anlage zur waermebehandlung von feingut
WO1982002585A1 (fr) Procede d'exploitation thermique des ordures et installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procede
EP0482306B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion des copeaux de bois en produisant des fumées pauvres en substances nocives et à puissance de combustion continûment réglable
DE2444333A1 (de) Ofen zum cracken von kohlenwasserstoffen zum herstellen von olefinen
DE2241891C3 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbrennung von bei der Reinigung von Koksofengasen anfallenden Ammoniakschwaden
DE102009016695A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen
EP0180953B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif pour la production d'une atmosphère protectrice
DE869192C (de) Verfahren zur Umsetzung von Kohlenwasserstoffe enthaltenden Gasen zu Wasserstoff und Kohlenoxyd
DE2711883A1 (de) Regenerativkoksofenbatterie
DE3831558C2 (fr)
DE69812932T2 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beheizung eines drehrohrofens zur vergasung und zur pyrolyse von organischen substanzen
EP2048217A2 (fr) Procédé de décocage de fours de craquage
DE1250424B (de) Verfahren zur thermischen Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen zu vorw egend Acetylen und Äthylen
DE4400430A1 (de) Verfahren zum thermokatalytischen Spalten von höhersiedenden Kohlenwasserstoffen und Spaltofen
WO2020025163A1 (fr) Système de récupération de chaleur pour un four pourvu d'un ou de plusieurs brûleurs
RU1790597C (ru) Способ получени низших олефинов
DE3437970A1 (de) Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben eines selbstbrennenden tunnelofens

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES FR GB IT NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19920916

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930507

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES FR GB IT NL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19941005

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 112588

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19941015

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59200572

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19941110

ET Fr: translation filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2065077

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19950313

Year of fee payment: 4

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19950324

Year of fee payment: 4

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19950328

Year of fee payment: 4

GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]

Effective date: 19941005

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19960116

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19960117

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19960930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19970130

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19970318

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980131

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: LINDE A.G.

Effective date: 19980131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980801

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19980801

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 19990201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050116

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20080110

Year of fee payment: 17

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090801