EP0511549A2 - Rouleau pour chauffer un fil en mouvement - Google Patents

Rouleau pour chauffer un fil en mouvement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0511549A2
EP0511549A2 EP92106470A EP92106470A EP0511549A2 EP 0511549 A2 EP0511549 A2 EP 0511549A2 EP 92106470 A EP92106470 A EP 92106470A EP 92106470 A EP92106470 A EP 92106470A EP 0511549 A2 EP0511549 A2 EP 0511549A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
godet
primary winding
frequency
circuit
primary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92106470A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0511549A3 (en
EP0511549B1 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Dr. Baader
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oerlikon Barmag AG
Original Assignee
Barmag AG
Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Barmag AG, Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik AG filed Critical Barmag AG
Publication of EP0511549A2 publication Critical patent/EP0511549A2/fr
Publication of EP0511549A3 publication Critical patent/EP0511549A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0511549B1 publication Critical patent/EP0511549B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/14—Tools, e.g. nozzles, rollers, calenders
    • H05B6/145—Heated rollers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
    • D02J13/005—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass by contact with at least one rotating roll

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a godet according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • This godet is known from DE-A 33 16 744.
  • the frequency of the primary current is variably controlled as a function of the measured temperature, so that the temperature can be kept constant. It is unavoidable that the frequency is also in electrically / magnetically unfavorable areas with low energy requirements.
  • the galette known from DE-OS 16 60 215 (Bag 599) is operated at a constant primary frequency.
  • the primary circuit is switched on and off in time intervals dependent on the measured temperature.
  • the danger mentioned does not exist with this godet.
  • a secondary winding is required which is highly conductive and, in the known case, consists of a copper or brass ring, which is firmly connected to the inner circumference of the magnetic iron jacket of the godet.
  • a godet is known from DE-PS 18 04 777 (Bag. 651), which, in addition to the features mentioned in the preamble, has a hollow godet casing which is partly filled with a liquid and partly with steam from this liquid. With this godet, an outstandingly uniform temperature can be achieved over the entire length of the godet.
  • the disadvantage of this solution is its high technical complexity.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the effort with a firmly connected to the godet jacket, electrically conductive secondary winding from z. B. to spare copper.
  • An improvement in the uniformity of the temperature distribution over the axial length of the godet can be achieved by the measure according to claim 4.
  • This invention is particularly advantageous to use in conjunction with this measure and allows the disadvantages of such a solution to be compensated for.
  • These disadvantages consist in the fact that the webs lying between the individual primary windings reduce the cross-sectional area of the electrical conductors available on the primary side and also the possible number of turns of these conductors. This leads to increased electrical power on the primary side Losses and due to the reduced number of turns to a deterioration of the cosine phi, which indicates the ratio of the usable active power to the apparent power consumed.
  • the resonant circuit is preferably controlled via circuit breakers, which in turn can be controlled with a predetermined pulse sequence.
  • This control can take place with a predetermined pulse sequence.
  • temperature control is also desirable. It is therefore further proposed to apply the predetermined pulse sequence to the circuit breakers at control intervals. The duration of the modulation intervals depends on the temperature of the godet casing. This temperature is measured by a temperature sensor which is attached to the godet jacket in the inductive area of influence of the primary winding (claim 8).
  • the circuit breakers serve both as switches and for input into the resonant circuits.
  • a particularly high cosine phi of almost 1 is made possible.
  • the two circuit breakers, each of which is assigned to a primary winding are switched on in a half-bridge circuit with a constant direct voltage applied to the direct current intermediate circuit in the same direction of current, and are controlled by a control circuit with a predetermined pulse sequence. This control can be switched on and off by a temperature controller depending on the temperature measured in the area of the assigned primary winding. Such a half-winding is assigned to each primary winding.
  • the inventive A special feature is that the inverters simultaneously serve as circuit breakers.
  • the resonant circuit is built up from the inductance of the primary winding and an additional capacitor.
  • This resonant circuit is connected to an alternating current, the amplitude of which is half the voltage of the direct current intermediate circuit.
  • the inductance of the primary winding and the capacitance of the capacitor are matched to one another in such a way that the feed frequency of the resonant circuit is somewhat greater than the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit. In this way it can be achieved that the transistors, which serve as circuit breakers, are switched off in an almost currentless state.
  • the shaft 30 has a conical end 31 at its free end and then a concentric screw 36.
  • the godet casing 32 is fastened to the conical end 31 of the godet.
  • the godet casing 32 is a circular cylinder which concentrically surrounds the shaft 30 and on the bearing side of the Wave 30 is open.
  • the opposite end face of the godet casing 32 is closed by a cover 33.
  • the cover 33 is fixedly connected to a hub 34 directed into the interior of the godet casing 32.
  • the hub 34 is drilled out conically, to match the cone at the front end of the shaft 30.
  • the hub is placed on this cone 31 of the shaft 30 and firmly clamped by means of a nut 35 which is screwed onto the screw 36.
  • a protective cap 37 sits on the front of the cover 33.
  • the inner diameter of the godet casing is larger than the outer diameter of the hub 34 and the shaft 30.
  • An annular space thus arises between the inner circumference of the godet casing 32 and the outer circumference of the hub 34 and shaft 30.
  • This annulus is filled by the package of primary windings, which are fixed and stationary.
  • a cooling pipe 39 is fastened to the stationary holder 38 concentrically with the shaft 30. The cooling tube protrudes into the said annular space and extends to the front cover 33.
  • each primary winding package consists of a flux tube 41, the flux poles 42 and the primary winding 40.
  • the flux tubes 41 and flux poles 42 consist of magnetically highly conductive material.
  • the river tubes each extend over the area of a primary winding.
  • the packets formed in this way are threaded with the flux tubes 41 onto the cooling tube 39 with tight play and are screwed in with longitudinal screws Bracket clamped, with flux discs 43 are also provided at the two ends of the overall package.
  • Galette jacket 32 consists only of magnetically conductive material, especially iron, and contains no copper inserts or deposits or coatings of good electrically conductive material. This makes the godet casing considerably cheaper. Furthermore, the manufacture of such a godet casing is technically simple. Above all, however, the godet jacket becomes more robust, since there is a risk that the electrically conductive coatings or inserts become detached with conventional godet jackets.
  • the godet casing 32 can be freely rotated with respect to the winding packages and is driven to rotate.
  • the windings 40 are supplied with energy by the stationary holder 38 in a circuit diagram according to FIG. 2.
  • the energy is supplied from phases L1, L2, L3 of a three-phase network.
  • the three-phase current is rectified and smoothed by rectifiers 4 and 5 as well as choke 6 and capacitance 7. This creates a DC link with positive phase 8 and a negative phase.
  • This primary voltage intermediate circuit feeds three primary windings 22 (designated 40 in FIG. 1) of the godet. These primary windings are arranged coaxially to one another in a stationary manner within the iron, rotating godet casing 32 (FIG. 1). In this case, the primary windings lie between the legs 42 of the iron packet which are designed as radial rings and are U-shaped in axial section.
  • Adjacent primary windings each have one leg in common (see, for example, DE-PS 16 60 232 (Bag. 599)).
  • Such a multi-zone godet can achieve a good temperature distribution over the length of the godet jacket if a temperature sensor 26 is arranged in the godet jacket adjacent to each of the primary windings.
  • a temperature sensor can e.g. B. on the inner skin of the godet casing are glued or otherwise fastened.
  • the solution according to DE-PS 16 60 215 is also considered.
  • the power supply for each primary winding comprises the transistors 9 and 10, which are connected in series and with the same flow direction between the two phases of the DC link.
  • a drive circuit 11 also belongs to the power supply of each primary winding. Through this commercially available control circuit 11, the transistors 9 and 10 are controlled or blocked at a predetermined frequency. These two switching states are specified by a temperature controller 14, which is connected to the control circuit 11 via a line 24. The temperature controller in turn is controlled on the one hand by the temperature sensor 16 already mentioned and on the other hand by a setpoint generator 15.
  • the control circuit is switched when the temperature falls below the target temperature so that a predetermined control voltage is output to the transistors 9 and 10 via the lines 12 and 13 with a predetermined pulse sequence (supply frequency of the resonant circuit) or that when exceeded the predetermined target temperature, the transistors 9 and 10 are blocked.
  • the transistors 9 and 10 of each power supply are connected to the DC voltage intermediate circuit 8 with free-wheeling diodes 17, 18 in a half-bridge circuit. Between the center point 19 of the half-bridge and one of the two conductors - here the negative conductor of the DC link - lies the respectively assigned primary winding 20 for inductive heating of a godet zone.
  • the secondary winding is shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. 2 as an electrical symbol for an inductor.
  • it is not a conventional conductor material made in particular of copper or brass, but exclusively the iron godet jacket.
  • the iron godet jacket has the double function of a) the electrical conductor of the secondary winding forming a single turn and b) the iron core of the secondary winding.
  • each heating zone is connected to the previously mentioned conductor of the DC link via a capacitor 25. Therefore, the primary winding 20 and the capacitor 25 form a resonant circuit, which is acted upon by means of the transistor 10 in the operating phases with a pulsating direct current with a predetermined supply frequency and half the voltage of the direct current intermediate circuit.
  • the capacitance of the capacitor 25 is preferably designed to be somewhat lower than the feed frequency of the resonant circuit specified by the control circuit 11.
  • the drive circuit is set so that the transistors 9 and 10 are driven at a frequency which is above 500 Hz.
  • An upper limit is set by the load capacity of the components, in particular diodes and transistors, by the switching losses of the transistors and by the increasing losses of the primary-side circuit.
  • a limitation for the optimal frequency should help 2000 Hz. Good results were achieved at a set frequency of 1500 Hz. In particular in the range between 1000 and 2000 Hz, it is possible without impairing the components to use the transistors 9 and 10 serving as inverters at the same time for switching the primary circuit on and off.
  • the voltage diagram shows a pulsating DC voltage in the operating phases. The amplitude of this DC voltage is 250 V if the voltage drop of the DC link is 500 V.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
EP92106470A 1991-04-27 1992-04-15 Rouleau pour chauffer un fil en mouvement Expired - Lifetime EP0511549B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4113832 1991-04-27
DE4113832 1991-04-27
US07/873,414 US5362945A (en) 1991-04-27 1992-04-24 Godet for heating an advancing yarn

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0511549A2 true EP0511549A2 (fr) 1992-11-04
EP0511549A3 EP0511549A3 (en) 1993-01-27
EP0511549B1 EP0511549B1 (fr) 1995-07-05

Family

ID=25903215

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92106470A Expired - Lifetime EP0511549B1 (fr) 1991-04-27 1992-04-15 Rouleau pour chauffer un fil en mouvement

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5362945A (fr)
EP (1) EP0511549B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59202786D1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994008080A1 (fr) * 1992-10-01 1994-04-14 Barmag Ag Galette de guidage et de transport de fil
DE4313837C1 (de) * 1993-04-29 1994-09-01 Neumag Gmbh Verfahren zum induktiven Beheizen einer Galette und induktiv beheizte Galette
DE19854034A1 (de) * 1998-11-16 2000-05-18 Walzen Irle Gmbh Induktionsheizung für Thermowalzen
CN101835690B (zh) * 2007-11-12 2012-02-22 Khs有限责任公司 包括可电加热的涂胶辊的贴标组件

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5660754A (en) * 1995-09-08 1997-08-26 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Induction load balancer for parallel heating of multiple parts
DE19610763A1 (de) * 1996-03-19 1997-09-25 Zinser Textilmaschinen Gmbh Beheizte Galette zum Erwärmen synthetischer Fäden
US5970592A (en) * 1996-06-18 1999-10-26 Barmag Ag Godet for heating a running synthetic thread
JP7437762B2 (ja) * 2020-07-03 2024-02-26 トクデン株式会社 誘導発熱ローラ装置

Family Cites Families (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1660215B2 (de) * 1965-12-03 1973-10-04 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 5600 Wuppertal Regelbar beheizte Galette
BE716725A (fr) * 1965-12-03 1968-12-02
US3412229A (en) * 1966-10-20 1968-11-19 Cameron Brown Capital Corp Electric heating means
DE1660235C3 (de) * 1967-08-16 1980-06-26 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 5600 Wuppertal Induktiv beheizbare Galette
RO55797A (fr) * 1967-08-16 1974-01-03
US3448233A (en) * 1967-09-26 1969-06-03 Pillar Corp Induction heating assembly
US3508024A (en) * 1968-06-17 1970-04-21 Gen Electric Dual inductance induction heater
BE736709A (fr) * 1968-10-24 1969-12-31
GB1319318A (en) * 1970-07-01 1973-06-06 Platt International Ltd Inductively heatable roller having a temperature sensor
US3718852A (en) * 1971-07-14 1973-02-27 Gen Electric Phase angle regulator for high frequency inverter
DE2608295C2 (de) * 1976-02-28 1982-11-18 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Elektronischer Temperaturregler zur Regelung der Energiezufuhr für ein elektrisches Heizelement
AT365028B (de) * 1978-04-11 1981-12-10 Vertina Anstalt Verfahren und anlage zum induktiven erwaermen von metallischen werkstuecken
DE2950411C2 (de) * 1979-12-14 1986-07-03 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh, 8000 Muenchen Gleichrichtervorrichtung mit gesiebter Ausgangsspannung
US4426564A (en) * 1979-12-26 1984-01-17 General Electric Company Parallel resonant induction cooking surface unit
DE3236033A1 (de) * 1982-09-29 1984-03-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Schraubvorrichtung
DE3415967A1 (de) * 1983-05-07 1984-11-22 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Ag, 5630 Remscheid Induktive heizung fuer ferromagnetische materialien
DE3475924D1 (en) * 1983-10-03 1989-02-09 Valmet Oy Method and device for electromagnetic heating of a roll, in particular of a calender roll, used in the manufacture of paper or of some other web-formed product
US5027002A (en) * 1989-10-04 1991-06-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Redundant power bus arrangement for electronic circuits
US5233509A (en) * 1992-04-03 1993-08-03 International Business Machines Corporation Switch-mode AC-to-DC converter

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994008080A1 (fr) * 1992-10-01 1994-04-14 Barmag Ag Galette de guidage et de transport de fil
US5624593A (en) * 1992-10-01 1997-04-29 Barmag Ag Yarn advancing heated godet having temperature controlling sensors
DE4313837C1 (de) * 1993-04-29 1994-09-01 Neumag Gmbh Verfahren zum induktiven Beheizen einer Galette und induktiv beheizte Galette
EP0622972A3 (fr) * 1993-04-29 1995-02-08 Neumag Gmbh Procédé de chauffage par induction d'un rouleau et rouleau chauffé par induction.
DE19854034A1 (de) * 1998-11-16 2000-05-18 Walzen Irle Gmbh Induktionsheizung für Thermowalzen
US6278094B1 (en) 1998-11-16 2001-08-21 Walzen Irle Gmbh Induction heating for thermal rollers
CN101835690B (zh) * 2007-11-12 2012-02-22 Khs有限责任公司 包括可电加热的涂胶辊的贴标组件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59202786D1 (de) 1995-08-10
US5362945A (en) 1994-11-08
EP0511549A3 (en) 1993-01-27
EP0511549B1 (fr) 1995-07-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3789570T2 (de) Induktionsheizungs- und -schmelzsysteme mit Induktionsspulen.
DE3040028C2 (de) HF-Siegeleinrichtung zum Versiegeln von Verpackungsmaterial
EP1001658B1 (fr) Chauffage par induction pour cylindres thermiques
DE2450647A1 (de) Heizbare streckrolle
DE1660330A1 (de) Erhitzungsvorrichtung
EP0511549B1 (fr) Rouleau pour chauffer un fil en mouvement
EP1454404A1 (fr) Dispositif d'alimentation electrique d'au moins un supraconducteur
DE2200489B2 (de) Induktorvorrichtung für die Hochfrequenz-Induktionserhitzung von Werkstücken
DE69107548T2 (de) Vorrichtung zum induktiven Erwärmen.
DE3415967C2 (fr)
DE19538261C2 (de) Induktiv beheizte Galette
EP4303899B1 (fr) Transformateur de puissance réglable sans interruption et continu
EP0845196B1 (fr) Galette pour chauffer un fil synthetique continu
DE3441000C2 (fr)
DE10055467A1 (de) Elektrische Maschine, insbesondere Drehstromgenerator
EP1223228A2 (fr) Dispositif de chauffage par induction
EP2182533B1 (fr) Transformateur
EP3420570B1 (fr) Appareil électrique haute tension comportant un ensemble d'enroulements de réglage
DE29820958U1 (de) Induktionsheizung für Thermowalzen
DE700264C (de) Aus mehreren konzentrisch nebeneinander und parallel zur Ofenzustellung angeordneten und mit praktisch demselben resultierenden Kraftfluss verketteten Wicklungsteilen bestehende Spule fuer Induktionsoefen ohne geschlossenen ferromagnetischen Kreis
EP0120278A1 (fr) Aménagement pour adapter un four à arc à courant triphasé pour le fonctionnement en courant continu
DE892216C (de) Einrichtung zur Regelung der Spannung an den Elektroden eines Hochfrequenz-Behandlungssystems
DE102007017702A1 (de) Elektrisches Bauteil mit Wicklung und Anzapfung
DE948985C (de) Hochfrequenztransformator ohne Eisenschluss zur regelbaren Erzeugung verschieden hoher Spannungen fuer den Betrieb von Kathodenstrahlroehren
DE708533C (de) Einankerumformer mit Spannungsregelung durch Verdrehen der Kommutierungszone gegenueber der magnetisch neutralen Zone

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): CH DE ES FR GB IT LI

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): CH DE ES FR GB IT LI

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19930206

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19940520

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): CH DE ES FR GB IT LI

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19950705

ET Fr: translation filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59202786

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19950810

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19950807

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: BARMAG GMBH ENGINEERING & MANUFACTURING

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20040329

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050415

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20050415

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20091231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20091222

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20080422

Year of fee payment: 17

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20100420

Year of fee payment: 19

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20100511

Year of fee payment: 19

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20100512

Year of fee payment: 19

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20111101

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110430

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 59202786

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20111101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110415